JPH08257037A - Microscope for operation - Google Patents
Microscope for operationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08257037A JPH08257037A JP7060971A JP6097195A JPH08257037A JP H08257037 A JPH08257037 A JP H08257037A JP 7060971 A JP7060971 A JP 7060971A JP 6097195 A JP6097195 A JP 6097195A JP H08257037 A JPH08257037 A JP H08257037A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- eye
- optical system
- illumination
- light flux
- inspected
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000002177 Cataract Diseases 0.000 description 4
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/13—Ophthalmic microscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/0012—Surgical microscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/20—Surgical microscopes characterised by non-optical aspects
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、光源から発せられた照
明光束が観察光学系の光軸に沿って被検眼に照射される
とともに、該被検眼で反射した反射光束が前記光軸に沿
って観察光学系に導かれる手術用顕微鏡に関する。The present invention relates to an illumination light beam emitted from a light source, which is applied to an eye to be examined along an optical axis of an observation optical system, and a reflected light beam which is reflected by the eye to be examined along the optical axis. The present invention relates to a surgical microscope guided to an observation optical system.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】眼科手術で用いられる手術用顕微鏡に
は、普通、被検眼像を任意に拡大するための変倍光学系
等を含んだ観察光学系が設けられている。手術医は、こ
の観察光学系を通して被検眼の拡大像を見ながら手術を
施している。2. Description of the Related Art A surgical microscope used in ophthalmic surgery is usually provided with an observation optical system including a variable power optical system for arbitrarily enlarging an image of an eye to be examined. The surgeon performs surgery while looking at an enlarged image of the eye to be inspected through the observation optical system.
【０００３】眼科手術の一つとしては、白内障手術が知
られている。白内障手術では、まず被検眼の水晶体を取
り出し、その後、水晶体嚢内に残留している組織を吸い
出している。この残留組織は完全に吸い出す必要があ
り、これが不完全であると白内障が再発してしまうこと
がある。したがって、この作業を行う場合には、普通、
残留組織を高コントラストで観察するための徹照像、い
わゆるレッドレフレックスが必要となる。レッドレフレ
ックスは、被検眼の眼底で照明光束を反射させることに
より発生させることができる。また、このレッドレフレ
ックスをより明るく、より均一にするためには、観察光
学系の光軸に照明光束をオ−バ−ラップさせる、いわゆ
る完全同軸照明法が用いられている。Cataract surgery is known as one of the eye surgery operations. In cataract surgery, first the lens of the eye to be examined is taken out, and then the tissue remaining in the lens capsule is sucked out. This residual tissue must be completely aspirated, and if it is incomplete, cataracts may recur. So when you do this,
A transillumination image, so-called red reflex, is required for observing the residual tissue with high contrast. The red reflex can be generated by reflecting the illumination light flux on the fundus of the eye to be examined. In order to make this red reflex brighter and more uniform, a so-called perfect coaxial illumination method is used in which the illumination light beam is overlapped with the optical axis of the observation optical system.
【０００４】この完全同軸照明法を用いた手術用顕微鏡
は、例えば、図６に示すように構成されている。図６に
おいて、１は被検眼、２は手術医眼である。A surgical microscope using the complete coaxial illumination method is constructed, for example, as shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, 1 is an eye to be inspected and 2 is an eye of a surgeon.
【０００５】この従来の手術用顕微鏡は、観察光学系１
０と、照明光学系２０と、完全同軸照明を実現するため
の光束案内手段（ハーフミラー）３０とを有する。観察
光学系１０は、第１対物レンズ１１、変倍光学系１２、
第２対物レンズ３１、正立プリズム３２、菱形プリズム
３３、および、接眼レンズ３４で構成されている。な
お、第１対物レンズ１１以外の各光学素子は、被検眼１
を立体観察できるよう左右で一対となっており、同図で
は、その片側のみが図示されている。照明光学系２０
は、リレ−レンズ２１、コンデンサレンズ２２、光ファ
イバ２３、および、光源２４で構成されている。This conventional surgical microscope has an observation optical system 1
0, an illumination optical system 20, and a light beam guiding means (half mirror) 30 for realizing perfect coaxial illumination. The observation optical system 10 includes a first objective lens 11, a variable power optical system 12,
It is composed of a second objective lens 31, an erecting prism 32, a rhombus prism 33, and an eyepiece lens 34. In addition, each optical element other than the first objective lens 11 corresponds to the eye 1 to be inspected.
Are paired on the left and right to allow stereoscopic observation, and only one side is shown in the figure. Illumination optical system 20
Is composed of a relay lens 21, a condenser lens 22, an optical fiber 23, and a light source 24.
【０００６】光源２４から発せられた照明光束は、光フ
ァイバ２３、コンデンサレンズ２２、リレ−レンズ２１
によってハ−フミラ−３０に導かれる。ハ−フミラ−３
０は、この照明光束を観察光学系１０の光軸１０ａに沿
って被検眼１に反射するとともに、該被検眼１で反射し
た反射光束を透過させる。透過した反射光束は、前記光
軸１０ａに沿って観察光学系１０に導かれる。The illumination luminous flux emitted from the light source 24 is an optical fiber 23, a condenser lens 22, and a relay lens 21.
Will lead you to Hahmira-30. Herf Mira-3
0 reflects this illumination light beam to the eye 1 to be inspected along the optical axis 10a of the observation optical system 10 and transmits the reflected light beam reflected by the eye 1 to be inspected. The transmitted reflected light flux is guided to the observation optical system 10 along the optical axis 10a.
【０００７】図７には、照明光束と反射光束との位置関
係がより詳しく示されている。同図において、領域１３
は照明光束を示し、領域１４ａ、１４ｂは反射光束を示
している。同図に示すように、照明光束および反射光束
は、その一部を互いにオ−バ−ラップさせた状態で、そ
れぞれ所定の方向に進行する。FIG. 7 shows the positional relationship between the illumination light flux and the reflected light flux in more detail. In the figure, area 13
Indicates the illumination light flux, and the regions 14a and 14b indicate the reflected light flux. As shown in the figure, the illumination light flux and the reflected light flux travel in their respective predetermined directions with some of them overlapping each other.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、完全同
軸照明法を用いた従来の手術用顕微鏡では、照明光束と
反射光束との角度が０°になるため、結果として無影照
明になってしまう。However, in the conventional surgical microscope using the perfect coaxial illumination method, the angle between the illuminating light beam and the reflected light beam is 0 °, resulting in shadowless illumination.
【０００９】無影照明のもとでは、被検眼像の立体感が
減少し、手術を施しにくいという問題が発生する。ま
た、被検眼の切開時や縫合時には、前述したレッドレフ
レックスは必要ないが、完全同軸照明用のハ−フミラ−
は常に観察光軸上に配置されているため、観察像の明る
さが減少するという問題もあった。Under shadowless illumination, the stereoscopic effect of the image of the eye to be inspected is reduced, which makes it difficult to perform surgery. Also, the red reflex described above is not required when the eye is incised or sutured, but a half mirror for perfect coaxial illumination is used.
Since it is always arranged on the observation optical axis, there is also a problem that the brightness of the observation image decreases.
【００１０】本発明は、以上のような問題点に鑑みて為
されたもので、明るく立体感のあるレッドレフレックス
を得ることができる手術用顕微鏡を提供することを目的
とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a surgical microscope capable of obtaining a red reflex having a bright and three-dimensional effect.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するため
の本発明の第１の態様によれば、光源と、被検眼を観察
するための観察光学系と、前記被検眼と前記観察光学系
との間に配置され、かつ、前記光源から発せられた照明
光束を前記観察光学系の光軸に沿って前記被検眼に照射
するとともに、該被検眼で反射した反射光束を前記光軸
に沿って前記観察光学系に導く光束案内手段とを備える
手術用顕微鏡において、前記被検眼と前記観察光学系と
の間の、前記反射光束を遮らない位置に配置され、前記
光軸に沿って照射される前記照明光束の照射方向と異な
る方向から前記被検眼を照明する照明手段を備えること
を特徴とする手術用顕微鏡が提供される。According to a first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, a light source, an observation optical system for observing an eye to be inspected, the eye to be inspected and the observation optical system. And the illumination light flux emitted from the light source is irradiated to the eye to be examined along the optical axis of the observation optical system, and the reflected light flux reflected by the eye to be examined is along the optical axis. In a surgical microscope including a light beam guiding unit that guides the light beam to the observation optical system, the light beam guide unit is disposed between the eye to be inspected and the observation optical system at a position that does not block the reflected light beam and is irradiated along the optical axis. There is provided a surgical microscope including an illuminating unit that illuminates the eye to be inspected from a direction different from an irradiation direction of the illumination light flux.
【００１２】前記目的を達成するための本発明の第２の
態様によれば、第１の態様において、前記照明手段は、
前記光源から発せられた前記照明光束の一部を反射して
前記被検眼に照射するものであることを特徴とする手術
用顕微鏡が提供される。According to a second aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the first aspect, the illuminating means comprises:
There is provided a surgical microscope characterized by reflecting a part of the illumination light flux emitted from the light source and irradiating the eye to be inspected.
【００１３】前記目的を達成するための本発明の第３の
態様によれば、第２の態様において、前記光束案内手段
を、前記光源から発せられた前記照明光束を反射する第
１の反射位置と、該照明光束を反射しない第１の退避位
置との間で移動する第１の制御と、前記照明手段を、前
記光源から発せられた前記照明光束の一部を反射する第
２の反射位置と、該照明光束の一部を反射しない第２の
退避位置との間で移動する第２の制御との少なくとも一
方を行う移動制御手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする
手術用顕微鏡が提供される。According to a third aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the second aspect, the luminous flux guiding means is provided with a first reflection position for reflecting the illumination luminous flux emitted from the light source. And a first control for moving between the illumination light flux and a first retracted position that does not reflect the illumination light flux, and a second reflection position for causing the illumination means to reflect a part of the illumination light flux emitted from the light source. And a movement control means for performing at least one of a second control for moving between a second retracted position that does not reflect a part of the illumination luminous flux and a second retracted position, and a surgical microscope is provided. .
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】本発明によれば、被検眼と観察光学系との間に
配置された光束案内手段により、光源から発せられた照
明光束が前記観察光学系の光軸に沿って前記被検眼に照
射されるとともに、該被検眼で反射した反射光束が前記
光軸に沿って前記観察光学系に導かれるため、被検眼の
完全同軸照明が可能となる。According to the present invention, the luminous flux emitted from the light source is applied to the eye to be inspected along the optical axis of the observation optical system by the luminous flux guiding means arranged between the eye to be inspected and the observation optical system. At the same time, since the reflected light flux reflected by the eye to be examined is guided to the observation optical system along the optical axis, perfect coaxial illumination of the eye to be examined becomes possible.
【００１５】また、照明手段により、前記照明光束（完
全同軸照明用光束）の照射方向と異なる方向から前記被
検眼が照明されるため、被検眼をより立体的に観察する
ことができる。さらに、この照明手段が被検眼と観察光
学系との間の、前記反射光束を遮らない位置に配置され
ているため、照明手段の照明光束と完全同軸照明用光束
との角度が鋭角となる。このようにすれば、被検眼の影
が間延びせず、シャ−プな観察像を得ることができる。Further, since the illumination means illuminates the eye to be inspected from a direction different from the irradiation direction of the illumination light flux (light flux for perfect coaxial illumination), the eye to be inspected can be more stereoscopically observed. Further, since the illuminating means is arranged between the eye to be inspected and the observation optical system at a position where the reflected light flux is not blocked, the angle between the illuminating light flux of the illuminating means and the perfect coaxial illumination light flux becomes an acute angle. By doing so, the shadow of the subject's eye does not extend and a sharp observation image can be obtained.
【００１６】また、移動制御手段は、光束案内手段を、
光源から発せられた照明光束を反射する第１の反射位置
と、該照明光束を反射しない第１の退避位置との間で移
動する第１の制御と、前記照明手段を、前記光源から発
せられた照明光束の一部を反射する第２の反射位置と、
該照明光束の一部を反射しない第２の退避位置との間で
移動する第２の制御との少なくとも一方を行うことがで
きる。The movement control means includes a light flux guiding means,
A first control that moves between a first reflection position that reflects the illumination light flux emitted from the light source and a first retracted position that does not reflect the illumination light flux, and the illumination means are emitted from the light source. A second reflection position for reflecting a part of the illumination light flux,
At least one of the second control of moving between the second retracted position that does not reflect a part of the illumination luminous flux and the second retracted position can be performed.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面を用いて説明す
る。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１８】図１において、１は被検眼、２は手術医眼
を示す。本実施例の手術用顕微鏡は、同図に示すよう
に、光源２４を有する照明光学系２０と、被検眼１を観
察するための観察光学系１０と、被検眼１と観察光学系
１０との間に配置された光束案内手段（本実施例ではハ
−フミラ−）３０と、本実施例の特徴である全反射ミラ
−４０を備える。In FIG. 1, 1 is an eye to be inspected and 2 is a surgeon's eye. As shown in FIG. 1, the surgical microscope of the present embodiment includes an illumination optical system 20 having a light source 24, an observation optical system 10 for observing the eye 1 to be inspected, an eye 1 to be inspected, and an observation optical system 10. It is provided with a light beam guiding means (a half mirror in this embodiment) 30 and a total reflection mirror 40, which is a feature of this embodiment.
【００１９】ハ−フミラ−３０は、光源２４から発せら
れた照明光束を観察光学系１０の光軸１０ａに沿って被
検眼１に照射するとともに、該被検眼１で反射した反射
光束を前記光軸１０ａに沿って観察光学系１０に導くも
のである。このハ−フミラ−３０により、被検眼１の完
全同軸照明が可能となり、被検眼１の眼底で反射した反
射光束による徹照像（レッドレフレックス）を得ること
ができる。The half mirror 30 irradiates the eye 1 to be inspected with the illumination light beam emitted from the light source 24 along the optical axis 10a of the observing optical system 10 and reflects the light beam reflected by the eye 1 to the light. It is guided to the observation optical system 10 along the axis 10a. The half mirror 30 enables complete coaxial illumination of the eye 1 to be inspected, and a transillumination image (red reflex) can be obtained by the reflected light beam reflected by the fundus of the eye 1 to be inspected.
【００２０】全反射ミラ−４０は、被検眼１と観察光学
系１０との間、具体的には第１対物レンズ１１の下方に
配置されたハ−フミラ−３０の下方において、被検眼１
からの反射光束を遮らない位置（すなわち、手術医眼２
が被検眼１を観察した際に、該全反射ミラ−４０が手術
医眼２の視野に入らない位置）に配置されている。The total reflection mirror 40 is provided between the eye 1 to be inspected and the observation optical system 10, specifically below the half mirror 30 arranged below the first objective lens 11, and the eye 1 to be inspected.
The position that does not block the reflected light flux from the eye (that is, the surgeon's eye 2
Is placed at a position where the total reflection mirror 40 does not enter the visual field of the surgeon's eye 2 when the eye 1 is observed.
【００２１】観察光学系１０は、ハ−フミラ−３０とほ
ぼ同等な大きさに形成された第１対物レンズ１１や、任
意の倍率を設定可能な変倍光学系１２をはじめ、第２対
物レンズ３１、正立プリズム３２、菱形プリズム３３、
および、接眼レンズ３４で構成されている。観察光学系
１０における、第１対物レンズ１１以外の各光学素子
は、手術医が両眼で立体的な観察を行えるよう、左右で
一対になっており、同図においては、その片側のみが図
示されている。The observation optical system 10 includes a first objective lens 11 formed to have a size substantially equal to that of the Hafmirer 30, a variable magnification optical system 12 capable of setting an arbitrary magnification, and a second objective lens. 31, an erecting prism 32, a rhombic prism 33,
And an eyepiece lens 34. The optical elements other than the first objective lens 11 in the observation optical system 10 are paired on the left and right so that the surgeon can perform stereoscopic observation with both eyes. Only one side is shown in the figure. Has been done.
【００２２】照明光学系２０は、光源２４のほか、リレ
−レンズ２１、コンデンサレンズ２２及び光ファイバ２
３で構成されている。The illumination optical system 20 includes a light source 24, a relay lens 21, a condenser lens 22 and an optical fiber 2.
It is composed of three.
【００２３】このような構成を有する手術用顕微鏡にお
いて、光源２４から発せられた照明光束は、光ファイバ
２３、コンデンサレンズ２２及びリレ−レンズ２１を経
てハ−フミラ−３０へと導かれる。ハ−フミラ−３０
は、この照明光束を反射して、観察光学系１０の光軸１
０ａに沿って被検眼１に照射する。In the surgical microscope having such a structure, the illumination light flux emitted from the light source 24 is guided to the half mirror 30 through the optical fiber 23, the condenser lens 22 and the relay lens 21. Herf Mira-30
Reflects this illuminating light beam to obtain the optical axis 1 of the observation optical system 10.
The eye 1 to be examined is irradiated along 0a.
【００２４】一方、全反射ミラ−４０は、リレ−レンズ
２１から射出された照明光束の一部を反射して、これを
被検眼１に向けて照射する。全反射ミラ−４０の照射方
向は、図１に示すように、ハ−フミラ−３０の照射方向
と僅かに異なっている。これにより、被検眼上の凹凸
（例えば、白内障手術における、水晶体嚢内に残留して
いる組織）による影をつくり出すことができる。また、
ハ−フミラ−３０の近傍に全反射ミラ−４０が配置され
ているため、ハ−フミラ−３０の照射方向と全反射ミラ
−４０の照射方向とが鋭角になり、影が間延びしないシ
ャ−プな立体像を得ることができる。On the other hand, the total reflection mirror 40 reflects a part of the illumination light flux emitted from the relay lens 21 and irradiates it to the subject's eye 1. The irradiation direction of the total reflection mirror 40 is slightly different from the irradiation direction of the half mirror 30 as shown in FIG. This makes it possible to create a shadow due to the irregularities on the eye to be examined (for example, the tissue remaining in the lens capsule during cataract surgery). Also,
Since the total reflection mirror 40 is arranged in the vicinity of the half mirror 30, the sharpening of the irradiation direction of the half mirror 30 and the total reflection mirror 40 prevents the shadow from extending. It is possible to obtain various stereoscopic images.
【００２５】被検眼１で反射した反射光束はハ−フミラ
−３０を通過し、観察光学系１０に導かれる。この反射
光束は観察光学系１０を経て手術医眼２に到達するが、
この際、反射光束による被検眼像は、変倍光学系１２に
よって所定の倍率の拡大像となる。この拡大像は、第２
対物レンズ３１、正立プリズム３２、および、菱形プリ
ズム３３を通過し、接眼レンズ３４によって手術医眼２
により観察される。The reflected light beam reflected by the eye 1 to be examined passes through the half mirror 30 and is guided to the observation optical system 10. This reflected light flux reaches the surgeon's eye 2 through the observation optical system 10,
At this time, the image of the eye to be inspected by the reflected light flux becomes an enlarged image of a predetermined magnification by the variable power optical system 12. This magnified image shows the second
The surgeon's eye 2 passes through the objective lens 31, the erecting prism 32, and the rhombic prism 33, and the eyepiece lens 34 is used.
Observed by.
【００２６】図２には、第１対物レンズ１１、ハ−フミ
ラ−３０、および、全反射ミラ−４０の位置関係と、照
明光束（領域１３）および反射光束（領域１４ａ、１４
ｂ）が示されている。図２からもわかるように、照明光
束の一部と反射光束の一部は、互いにオ−バ−ラップし
た状態にある。なお、全反射ミラ−４０は、前述した通
り、この反射光束を遮らない位置に配置されているた
め、手術医眼２に映る被検眼像を暗くするようなことは
ない。In FIG. 2, the positional relationship among the first objective lens 11, the half mirror 30, and the total reflection mirror 40, and the illumination light flux (area 13) and the reflected light flux (areas 14a and 14) are shown.
b) is shown. As can be seen from FIG. 2, a part of the illumination light beam and a part of the reflected light beam are in an overlapping state with each other. As described above, since the total reflection mirror 40 is arranged at a position where it does not block this reflected light flux, it does not darken the image of the eye to be inspected that appears on the surgeon's eye 2.
【００２７】図３には、本発明の第２の実施例が示され
ている。FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
【００２８】本実施例では、ハ−フミラ−３０及び全反
射ミラ−４０のそれぞれを同図に示すように移動させ
る。具体的には、ハ−フミラ−３０を、照明光学系２０
から発せられた照明光束を反射する第１の反射位置（図
示位置）と、該照明光束を反射しない第１の退避位置
（点線で示す位置）との間で移動する第１の制御と、全
反射ミラ−４０を、照明光学系２０から発せられた照明
光束の一部を反射する第２の反射位置（図示位置）と、
該照明光束の一部を反射しない第２の退避位置（点線で
示す位置）との間で移動する第２の制御を行う。この移
動制御機構は、特に図示しないが、手術医が各ミラ−を
手動で操作できるようにした手動操作機構や、スイッチ
操作による制御が可能なモ−タ駆動機構であってもよ
い。In this embodiment, the half mirror 30 and the total reflection mirror 40 are moved as shown in FIG. Specifically, the half mirror 30 is connected to the illumination optical system 20.
A first control for moving between a first reflection position (a position shown in the figure) that reflects the illumination light beam emitted from A second reflection position (a position shown in the drawing) for reflecting a part of the illumination light flux emitted from the illumination optical system 20, the reflection mirror 40;
Second control is performed to move between the second retracted position (a position indicated by a dotted line) that does not reflect a part of the illumination light flux. Although not particularly shown, the movement control mechanism may be a manual operation mechanism that allows a surgeon to manually operate each mirror, or a motor drive mechanism that can be controlled by a switch operation.
【００２９】そして、レッドレフレックスを必要としな
い場合（例えば、被検眼１の切開時や縫合時）には、こ
の移動制御機構を用いて全反射ミラ−４０を第２の反射
位置に配置し、ハ−フミラ−３０を第１の退避位置に配
置すればよい。この場合、ハ−フミラ−３０が被検眼１
からの反射光束を遮らないので、その分、明るい被検眼
像を得ることができる。なお、被検眼１への照明光束
は、第２の反射位置に配置した全反射ミラ−４０によっ
て供給されることになる。When the red reflex is not needed (for example, when the eye 1 to be inspected is cut or sutured), the total reflection mirror 40 is arranged at the second reflection position by using this movement control mechanism. , The half mirror 30 may be arranged at the first retracted position. In this case, the harf mirror 30 is the eye 1 to be examined.
Since the reflected light flux from is not blocked, it is possible to obtain a brighter image of the eye to be inspected. The illumination light flux for the eye 1 to be inspected is supplied by the total reflection mirror 40 arranged at the second reflection position.
【００３０】また、ハ−フミラ−３０を第１の反射位置
に配置した状態で、全反射ミラ−４０を第２の反射位置
と第２の退避位置とに移動させれば、立体像を強調する
ための照明のＯＮ／ＯＦＦを実現することができる。Further, if the total reflection mirror 40 is moved to the second reflection position and the second retracted position while the half mirror 30 is arranged at the first reflection position, the three-dimensional image is emphasized. It is possible to realize the ON / OFF of the illumination for turning on.
【００３１】図４及び図５には、本発明の第３の実施例
が示されている。A third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.
【００３２】本実施例では、両図に示すように、ハ−フ
ミラ−３０の下方に、観察光学系１０の光軸１０ａを挾
んでハ−フミラ−５０及び全反射ミラ−５１を設けてい
る。In the present embodiment, as shown in both figures, a half mirror 50 and a total reflection mirror 51 are provided below the half mirror 30 across the optical axis 10a of the observation optical system 10. .
【００３３】ハ−フミラ−５０は、リレ−レンズ２１か
ら射出された照明光束を反射して、これを被検眼１に向
けて照射するとともに、残りの一部を透過する。ハ−フ
ミラ−５０を透過した照明光束は全反射ミラ−５１に導
かれる。全反射ミラ−５１は、これを反射して、ハ−フ
ミラ−５０と異なる方向から被検眼１に照射する。The half mirror 50 reflects the illumination light flux emitted from the relay lens 21, irradiates the illumination light flux toward the eye 1 to be inspected, and transmits the rest. The illumination luminous flux transmitted through the half mirror 50 is guided to the total reflection mirror 51. The total reflection mirror 51 reflects this and irradiates the eye 1 to be inspected from a direction different from that of the half mirror 50.
【００３４】なお、ハ−フミラ−３０、５０および全反
射ミラ−５１のそれぞれを、各照明光束を反射する反射
位置と、該照明光束を反射しない退避位置との間で移動
させれば、第２の実施例と同様な効果を得ることができ
る。If each of the half mirrors 30 and 50 and the total reflection mirror 51 is moved between a reflection position that reflects each illumination light beam and a retracted position that does not reflect the illumination light beam, The same effect as the second embodiment can be obtained.
【００３５】以上、本発明の各種実施例について説明し
たが、例えば、立体観察用の各ミラ−（図１では全反射
ミラ−４０）が反射する光束は、必ずしも光源２４から
供給される必要はなく、例えば、新たな光源を設けて、
そこから供給してもよい。Although various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, for example, the light flux reflected by each mirror for stereoscopic observation (total reflection mirror 40 in FIG. 1) does not necessarily have to be supplied from the light source 24. Instead, for example, by providing a new light source,
You may supply from there.
【００３６】[0036]
【発明の効果】本発明の手術用顕微鏡によれば、被検眼
の完全同軸照明を行いながら、被検眼と観察光学系との
間の、被検眼からの反射光束を遮らない位置から、被検
眼をさらに照明することができるので、明るく立体的な
被検眼の徹照像（レッドレフレックス）を観察すること
ができる。According to the surgical microscope of the present invention, the eye to be inspected is provided from a position between the eye to be inspected and the observation optical system, which does not block the reflected light beam from the eye to be inspected, while performing the complete coaxial illumination of the eye. Since it can be further illuminated, a bright and stereoscopic transillumination image (red reflex) of the eye to be inspected can be observed.
【００３７】また、レッドレフレックスが不必要な場合
に、完全同軸照明用の光束案内手段（例えばハ−フミラ
−）を観察光軸から退避できるので、観察像の明るさが
減少しない。Further, when the red reflex is not necessary, the luminous flux guiding means for perfect coaxial illumination (for example, a hammilla) can be retracted from the observation optical axis, so that the brightness of the observed image does not decrease.
【００３８】[0038]
【図１】本発明に係る手術用顕微鏡の第１の実施例の各
光学素子の配置図。FIG. 1 is a layout view of respective optical elements of a first embodiment of a surgical microscope according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る手術用顕微鏡の第１の実施例にお
ける、照明光束と反射光束に関する説明図。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram regarding an illumination light flux and a reflected light flux in the first embodiment of the surgical microscope according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明に係る手術用顕微鏡の第２の実施例の各
光学素子の配置図。FIG. 3 is a layout view of optical elements of a second embodiment of the surgical microscope according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明に係る手術用顕微鏡の第３の実施例の各
光学素子の配置図。FIG. 4 is a layout view of optical elements of a third embodiment of the surgical microscope according to the present invention.
【図５】本発明に係る手術用顕微鏡の第３の実施例にお
ける、照明光束と反射光束に関する説明図。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram regarding an illumination light flux and a reflected light flux in the third embodiment of the surgical microscope according to the present invention.
【図６】従来の手術用顕微鏡の各光学素子の配置図。FIG. 6 is a layout view of optical elements of a conventional surgical microscope.
【図７】従来の手術用顕微鏡における、照明光束と反射
光束に関する説明図。FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram regarding an illumination light flux and a reflected light flux in a conventional surgical microscope.
１…被検眼、 ２…手術医眼、 １０…観察光学系、
１１…第１対物レンズ、 １２…変倍光学系、 １３…
照明光束の領域、 １４ａ、ｂ…反射光束の領域、 ２
０…照明光学系、 ２１…リレ−レンズ、 ２２…コン
デンサレンズ、２３…光ファイバ、 ２４…光源、 ３
０…ハ−フミラ−、 ３１…第２対物レンズ、 ３２…
正立プリズム、 ３３…菱形プリズム、 ３４…接眼レ
ンズ、４０、５０、５１…全反射ミラ−1 ... Eye to be inspected, 2 ... Surgeon eye, 10 ... Observation optical system,
11 ... First objective lens, 12 ... Variable-magnification optical system, 13 ...
Illumination luminous flux area, 14a, b ... Reflected luminous flux area, 2
0 ... Illumination optical system, 21 ... Relay lens, 22 ... Condenser lens, 23 ... Optical fiber, 24 ... Light source, 3
0 ... Half mirror, 31 ... Second objective lens, 32 ...
Erecting prism, 33 ... Rhombic prism, 34 ... Eyepiece, 40, 50, 51 ... Total reflection mirror
Claims (3)
系と、前記被検眼と前記観察光学系との間に配置され、
かつ、前記光源から発せられた照明光束を前記観察光学
系の光軸に沿って前記被検眼に照射するとともに、該被
検眼で反射した反射光束を前記光軸に沿って前記観察光
学系に導く光束案内手段とを備える手術用顕微鏡におい
て、 前記被検眼と前記観察光学系との間の、前記反射光束を
遮らない位置に配置され、前記光軸に沿って照射される
前記照明光束の照射方向と異なる方向から前記被検眼を
照明する照明手段を備えることを特徴とする手術用顕微
鏡。1. A light source, an observation optical system for observing an eye to be inspected, and an optical system arranged between the eye to be inspected and the observation optical system,
At the same time, the illumination light beam emitted from the light source is applied to the eye to be examined along the optical axis of the observation optical system, and the reflected light beam reflected by the eye to be examined is guided to the observation optical system along the optical axis. In a surgical microscope including a light beam guiding means, an irradiation direction of the illumination light beam which is arranged between the eye to be inspected and the observation optical system so as not to block the reflected light beam and is irradiated along the optical axis. An operating microscope comprising: an illumination unit that illuminates the eye to be inspected from a different direction.
の一部を反射して前記被検眼に照射するものであること
を特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。2. The surgical microscope according to claim 1, wherein the illumination unit reflects a part of the illumination light flux emitted from the light source and irradiates the eye to be inspected.
光束を反射する第１の反射位置と、該照明光束を反射し
ない第１の退避位置との間で移動する第１の制御と、 前記照明手段を、前記光源から発せられた前記照明光束
の一部を反射する第２の反射位置と、該照明光束の一部
を反射しない第２の退避位置との間で移動する第２の制
御との少なくとも一方を行う移動制御手段をさらに備え
ることを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。3. The light flux guiding means according to claim 2, between the first reflection position that reflects the illumination light flux emitted from the light source and the first retracted position that does not reflect the illumination light flux. A first control for moving, a second reflection position for reflecting a part of the illumination luminous flux emitted from the light source, and a second retracted position for not reflecting a part of the illumination luminous flux emitted from the light source. The surgical microscope further comprising movement control means for performing at least one of a second control of moving between the two.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7060971A JPH08257037A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Microscope for operation |
| DE19611044A DE19611044A1 (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-20 | Operation microscope for eye surgery with off-axis illumination plus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7060971A JPH08257037A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Microscope for operation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08257037A true JPH08257037A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
Family
ID=13157826
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7060971A Pending JPH08257037A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Microscope for operation |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08257037A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19611044A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7283298B2 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2007-10-16 | Olympus Corporation | Stereoscopic microscope |
| JP2008015182A (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2008-01-24 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Optical microscopic device and microscopic observation method |
| JP2008296024A (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Carl Zeiss Surgical Gmbh | Surgical microscope with illumination device |
| EP2063305A2 (en) | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | A surgical microscope apparatus |
| JP2009297073A (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-24 | Topcon Corp | Surgical microscope |
| JP2014000159A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-09 | Nidek Co Ltd | Ophthalmic surgical microscope |
| WO2020095445A1 (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-05-14 | 株式会社ニコン | Microscope |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10311000C5 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2012-05-10 | Leica Instruments (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Illumination device for a microscope |
| EP1997423B1 (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2011-07-06 | Carl Zeiss Surgical GmbH | Operation microscope with illumination device |
| US9629536B2 (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2017-04-25 | M/S. Appasamy Associates | Illumination system for opthalmic microscope, and its operation method |
| DE102011102256A1 (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-11-29 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | MICROSCOPY SYSTEM FOR EYE EXAMINATION AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A MICROSCOPY SYSTEM |
| CN115644795B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-04-09 | 图湃(北京)医疗科技有限公司 | Surgical microscope system and surgical microscope |
-
1995
- 1995-03-20 JP JP7060971A patent/JPH08257037A/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-03-20 DE DE19611044A patent/DE19611044A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7283298B2 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2007-10-16 | Olympus Corporation | Stereoscopic microscope |
| JP2008015182A (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2008-01-24 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Optical microscopic device and microscopic observation method |
| JP2008296024A (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Carl Zeiss Surgical Gmbh | Surgical microscope with illumination device |
| EP2063305A2 (en) | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | A surgical microscope apparatus |
| JP2009297073A (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-24 | Topcon Corp | Surgical microscope |
| JP2014000159A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-09 | Nidek Co Ltd | Ophthalmic surgical microscope |
| WO2020095445A1 (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-05-14 | 株式会社ニコン | Microscope |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19611044A1 (en) | 1996-09-26 |
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