JPH08210086A - Tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To simplify a structure, to reduce costs, and to enhance reliability by enhancing the dustproof performance of a cutter drive. CONSTITUTION: In a tunnel boring machine in which a cutter head 14 that is freely driven and rotated is mounted at the front end of a skin plate 11, the cutter head 14 is supported by a parallel link mechanism 31 in such a way as to freely rock, the parallel link mechanism 31 comprising a plurality of rocking jacks 21 to 28 which are tilted in the circumferential direction and arranged in a truss form. The drive 17 of the cutter head 14 is sealed inside a dustproof case 19, the skin plate 11 is connected to the dustproof case 19 via freely rocking connecting cylinders 32, 33, and a hydraulic feed/discharge hose 34 is placed inside the connecting cylinders 32, 33.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for excavating rocks and the like, and more particularly to a tunnel excavator capable of continuously excavating a tunnel having an irregular cross section.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a general tunnel excavator, a circular cutter head is rotatably mounted on a front portion of a cylindrical excavator body, and a cutter motor is rotated by a drive motor mounted on the cutter head. However, the tunnel is constructed by excavating the ground by moving the excavator body forward.

By the way, there are tunnels to be excavated and formed, which are used not only for running subways but also as underground passages for stations and sewers. The cross section of the tunnel is not only circular but also elliptical, square, horseshoe-shaped. And so on. However, such a tunnel having an irregular cross section other than a circular shape cannot be excavated by the tunnel excavator as described above. Therefore, in order to form a tunnel with an irregular cross section, a tunnel excavator forms a tunnel with a circular cross section, and then an inner wall of the tunnel is excavated by a worker to form a tunnel with an irregular cross section.

However, tunnel excavation work for excavating a tunnel having an irregular cross section has problems that the excavation work of a tunnel by hand-digging a work vehicle is a heavy labor and the work time is long and the workability is not good. Is awaited. Therefore, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-256697 discloses a tunnel excavator capable of excavating an irregular cross section as “a modified cross section shield construction method and a shield machine”.

In the shield machine disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-256697, a center cutter is rotatably provided at the center of the front end of a cylindrical shield machine body and is provided outside the center cutter. Two side cutters are provided so that they can be driven eccentrically and freely rotatable, and can be swiveled around a center cutter. Therefore, by rotating the center cutter and eccentrically rotating the two side cutters, the center cutter is rotated around the center cutter.
For example, a tunnel having a rectangular cross section can be formed by excavation.

In addition to the "heteromorphic cross section shield construction method and shield machine" disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-256697, a "rock excavator" is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-295986.
Have been disclosed as.

The "rock excavator" disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-295986 has an optional cutter head that is driven and rotated through a parallel link mechanism at the front of the excavator body having a free-running traveling section. It is provided so that it can swing freely in any direction. Therefore, while the excavator body is moved forward by the traveling portion, while the cutter head is being rotated, the parallel link mechanism swings the cutter head outward, whereby a tunnel having a free cross section can be excavated and formed.

[0008]

However, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-
In the conventional "irregular section shield method and shield machine" disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 256697, there are three cutters for excavating rock, and not only the same number of drive motors are required to drive each cutter, The side cutter must be operated in a complicated manner, and its drive transmission system becomes complicated. Therefore, there is a problem that the excavator itself becomes complicated and large in size, and the price becomes high.

The conventional "rock excavator" disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-295986 has a simpler structure than the shield machine described above, , The cutter drive motor is exposed to the outside, and excavated earth and sand, muddy water, dust and the like adhere to it. That is,
Since the excavator moves forward while excavating the rock in front, the exposed portion of the excavator itself is exposed to the excavated earth and muddy water. Further, dust or the like is scattered in the tunnel excavated by the excavator, and similarly, the dust is applied to the exposed portion of the excavator itself. Therefore, in this "rock excavator", excavated soil, dust, and the like in the tunnel may adhere to the cutter driving motor exposed to the outside, which may cause the motor to malfunction.

Further, a power supply cable for driving the cutter drive motor and a hydraulic supply pipe are connected to the cutter drive motor. However, since the cutter drive motor is exposed to the outside, it is pulled out from the motor. The connected power cable or hydraulic supply pipe will be connected to the excavator body in an exposed state inside the tunnel, and there is a risk that it will be damaged or cut due to the fall of excavated earth and sand, etc. It was insufficient in terms of sex.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and aims at simplifying the structure and reducing the cost, and improving the dust-proof performance of the cutter driving portion to improve the reliability of the tunnel excavator. The purpose is to provide.

[0012]

The tunnel excavator of the present invention for achieving the above object is a tunnel excavator in which a drive head capable of rotating freely is attached to a front end portion of the excavator body. The main body and the cutter head are slidably connected in a circumferential direction of the cutter head and are swingably connected by a plurality of swing jacks arranged in a truss shape, and a drive device for driving and rotating the cutter head is provided in a dustproof case. It is characterized by being sealed.

Further, in the tunnel excavator of the present invention, the excavator main body and the dustproof case are connected via a swingable connecting cylinder, and drive transmitting means for driving and rotating the drive device is provided in the connecting cylinder. It is characterized by being arranged.

[0014]

A driving device for swingably connecting the excavator body and the cutter head by a plurality of swing jacks inclined in the circumferential direction of the cutter head and arranged in a truss shape, and driving and rotating the cutter head. By sealing in the dust-proof case, the earth and sand, muddy water, and scattered dust that fall during rock excavation are blocked by the dust-proof case and do not directly adhere to the drive unit.

The excavator main body and the dustproof case are connected via a swingable connecting cylinder, and drive transmission means for driving and rotating the drive device is arranged in the connecting cylinder, so that the excavator body is dropped during rock excavation. The earth and sand to be protected is protected by the connecting cylinder and does not directly contact the drive transmission means.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a tunnel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 shows a IV-IV cross section of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 shows a control block of the swing jack.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in the tunnel excavator of this embodiment, the skin plate 11 has a rectangular tubular shape, and a base 13 is formed inside so that a recess 12 is formed in the front. Are fixed together. On the other hand, the cutter head 14 has a circular shape and has a recess 12 in the skin plate 11.
The cutter head 14 is located inside, and a large number of cutter bits 15 are fixed to the front surface of the cutter head 14, and the rotating shaft 16 is provided in
It is rotatably supported by 7. The drive unit 17 has a hydraulic motor 18, and when the hydraulic motor 18 is driven, its driving force is transmitted to the rotary shaft 16 via a gear mechanism (not shown) in the drive unit 17, and the cutter head 14 is driven.
It can be rotated. The drive unit 17 configured as described above is housed in the cylindrical dustproof case 19 and sealed from the outside.

The dustproof case 19 in which the drive unit 17 is housed is located in the recess 12 of the skin plate 11 and faces the base plate 13. Then, the base 13 and the dustproof case 19
Is a plurality (eight in this embodiment) of rocking jacks 21 to 2.
8 (see FIG. 5) is swingably connected. The swinging jacks 21 to 28 are expanded and contracted by supplying and discharging hydraulic pressure. The jack body is swingably supported by each ball bearing 29 mounted on the base 13, and the rod tip portion is attached to the dustproof case 19. Each mounted ball bearing 30
It is swingably supported by. The rocking jacks 21 to 28 form one set, and, for example, the rocking jack 21 is tilted to one side in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 14, and the rocking jack 22 is tilted to the other circumferential direction of the cutter head 14. Then, the parallel link mechanism 31 is configured by being arranged in a truss shape as a whole.

Therefore, by operating the hydraulic motor 18, the cutter head 14 can be rotated via the drive unit 17. In this state, the swing jacks 21 to 28 of the parallel link mechanism 31 are operated to operate the cutter head 14. It is possible to swing the inside of the recess 12 in the radial direction while rotating (rotating) the head 14 in the circumferential direction.

Further, the base 13 of the skin plate 11 and the dustproof case 19 are connected to each other by a pair of connecting tubes 32 and 33 slidably fitted to each other, and the ends of the connecting tubes 32 and 33 form a universal joint. The dustproof case 19 is swingable with respect to the base 13 (skin plate 11). Further, the inside of the skin plate 11 and the inside of the dustproof case 19 communicate with each other by the connecting cylinders 32 and 33, and one end of the connecting cylinders 32 and 33 is connected to a hydraulic power supply / discharge source (not shown). The hydraulic supply / drain hose 34 as shown in FIG. 2 passes through, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic motor 18 in the dustproof case 19.

The skin plate 11 has a plurality of shield jacks 35 arranged side by side in the circumferential direction at the rear portion thereof, and a spreader 36 is attached to the front end portion of the drive rod extending rearward. The shield jack 35 operates to extend the drive rod rearward of the tunnel excavator in the direction of excavation, and the existing segment 3 constructed on the inner circumferential surface of the excavated tunnel.
By pressing the spreader 36 against 7, the skin plate 11 can be advanced by its reaction force. Also,
A pair of left and right support plates 38 corresponding to the cutter head 14 are rotatably mounted on the rear portion of the skin plate 11, and an erector device 39 is attached to each of the pair of support plates 38. The erector device 39 has the skin plate 11 advanced by the shield jack 35.
The new segment 37 is installed in the space between the existing segment 37 and the existing segment 37.

Further, the skin plate 11 is provided with a pair of left and right screw conveyors 40 for carrying the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 14 and accumulated in the recess 12 to the outside.

Here, the plurality of swing jacks 21 described above are used.
The configuration of the control system of the parallel link mechanism 31 composed of 28 to 28 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 5, swing jacks 21 to 2
8, hydraulic pressure supply / discharge pipes 41, 42 are connected to two pressure chambers partitioned by a piston (not shown) of the swing jack 21, and the hydraulic pressure supply / discharge pipes 41, 42 are connected.
Is a servo valve 45 via the emergency shutoff valves 43 and 44, respectively.
It is connected to. This servo valve 45 is a swing jack 2
The hydraulic pressure supply and discharge to each pressure chamber of No. 1 are switched, and are connected to a hydraulic pressure supply / discharge source 48 via connection pipes 46 and 47.

Further, the swing jack 21 is equipped with a displacement sensor 49 for detecting its operating position, and the displacement sensor 49 is connected to the control section 51 via the controller 50. The servo valve 45 described above is connected to the control unit 51 via the servo amplifier 52. An operation unit 53 having a plurality of joystick levers and an emergency stop button 54 are connected to the control unit 51.

Therefore, the displacement sensor 49 is the swing jack 2
The operating position of No. 1 is detected, and the detection signal is output to the control unit 51 via the controller 50. Control unit 5
1 outputs a command signal to the servo amplifier 52 based on this detection signal, the servo amplifier 52 controls the servo valve 45 based on the command signal, and the hydraulic pressure is supplied between the hydraulic pressure supply / discharge source 48 and the swing jack 21. It is designed to supply and discharge. Although only the swing jack 21 is described here, the other swing jacks 22 to 28 have the same configuration.

In order to excavate rock mass with the tunnel excavator of this embodiment, first, the plurality of shield jacks 35 are extended, and the shield excavator main body, that is, Skin plate 1
Move 1 forward. On the other hand, hydraulic pressure is supplied to and discharged from the hydraulic motor 18 by the hydraulic supply and discharge hose 34.
The cutter head 14 is swung by the driving unit 17, and the rock bed ahead is excavated by the cutter bit 15. At this time, the rocking jacks 21 to 28 of the parallel link mechanism 31 are operated to move the cutter head 14 in the radial direction through the dust-proof case 19 as shown in FIG. It is possible to excavate a tunnel with a rectangular cross section.

At this time, the control unit 51 includes a displacement sensor 49
Detection signals of the operating positions of the rocking jacks 21 to 28 are input, and the control unit 51 detects preset excavation conditions (shape and size of tunnel to be excavated, length, etc.) and displacement sensor 49. A command signal is output to the servo amplifier 52 based on the signal to control the servo valve 45 to supply and discharge the hydraulic pressure between the hydraulic pressure supply / discharge source 48 and the swing jacks 21-28. Therefore, the rocking jacks 21 to 28 are reciprocally driven by a predetermined amount by supplying and discharging the hydraulic pressure, and rock the cutter head 14 while controlling the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction.

Then, the earth and sand excavated by the cutter bit 15 is taken into the recess 12 as the chamber chamber,
The excavated soil is discharged outside by the screw conveyor 40. Next, one of the shield jacks 35 is operated in the contracting direction to form a space between the shield jack 35 and the existing segment 37, and a new segment 37 is attached to this space by the erector device 39. By repeating this operation, a tunnel of a predetermined length is excavated and formed.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the cutter head 14 is swingably supported by the parallel link mechanism 31 including the plurality of swing jacks 21 to 28, and the drive unit 17 of the cutter head 14 and the hydraulic motor. 18 is sealed in a dustproof case 19 and the base 1 of the skin plate 11
3 and this dustproof case 19 are swingable connecting cylinders 32, 3
Since the hydraulic supply / drain hose 34 is arranged in the connecting cylinders 32 and 33 by connecting via 3, the tunnel of irregular cross section can be excavated with a simple structure of only the parallel link mechanism 31, and the tunnel falls when excavating the bedrock. The drive unit 17, the hydraulic motor 18, the hydraulic supply / discharge hose 34 for dirt, muddy water, and scattered dust.
Are protected, and it is possible to prevent such failures and disconnections. Further, the cutter head 14, the drive unit 17, the hydraulic motor 18
Is stored in the dustproof case 19 and is unitized, so that it can be reused by mounting it on another excavator after tunnel excavation.

In the above embodiment, the hydraulic motor 18 is used as the drive device for driving and rotating the cutter head 14, but an electric motor may be used. In this case, the connecting cylinders 32, 3 are connected.
A power cable will be installed in 3. Also,
Parallel link mechanism 31 for swinging the cutter head 14
Is composed of eight rocking jacks 21-28,
The number of rocking jacks is not limited to eight, but six
It is sufficient that the number is equal to or more than 10 and the number may be 10 or 12, and even in this case, the same operational effect as described above can be obtained.

[0033]

As described above in detail with reference to the embodiments, according to the tunnel excavator of the present invention, the excavator main body and the cutter head are arranged in a truss shape by inclining in the circumferential direction of the cutter head. Since a drive device that drives the cutter head to rotate and is connected by swinging with a plurality of swinging jacks is sealed in a dust-proof case, a tunnel with an irregular cross section can be freely excavated by using multiple swinging jacks. In addition to being able to simplify the structure and reduce the cost, the earth and muddy water that falls during rock excavation or scattered dust is not blocked by the dust-proof case and directly adheres to the drive device. It is possible to prevent damage or failure of the drive device, and improve the reliability of the cutter drive unit.

According to the tunnel excavator of the present invention,
Since the excavator main body and the dust-proof case are connected through a swingable connecting cylinder and the drive transmitting means for driving and rotating the drive device is arranged in the connecting cylinder, the earth and sand and muddy water that fall during rock excavation. It is possible to prevent damage or disconnection of the drive transmission means without being directly applied to the drive transmission means by being protected by the connecting cylinder.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a tunnel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the tunnel excavator of this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the tunnel excavator of this embodiment.

4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a control block diagram of a swing jack.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Skin Plate (Excavator Main Body) 12 Recess 13 Base 14 Cutter Head 17 Drive Unit 18 Drive Motor 19 Dust-Proof Case 21-28 Swing Jack 29,30 Ball Bearing 31 Parallel Link Mechanism 32,33 Connection Tube 34 Hydraulic Supply / Discharge Hose (Drive transmission means) 35 Shield jack

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Keizo Kazama 2-3 Kandajimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Obayashi Corp. Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor Hiroshi Ohno 2-3 Kandajimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Obayashi Corp. Tokyo head office

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. In a tunnel excavator in which a cutter head that can be driven and rotated is attached to a front end portion of an excavator body, the excavator body and the cutter head are arranged in a truss shape by inclining in a circumferential direction of the cutter head. A tunnel excavator characterized in that it is swingably connected by a plurality of swing jacks provided and a drive device for driving and rotating the cutter head is sealed in a dust-proof case. 2. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavator body and the dust-proof case are connected via a swingable connecting cylinder, and drive transmission for driving and rotating a drive device in the connecting cylinder. A tunnel excavator characterized by arranging means.