JPH081632Y2 - Threshing equipment for combine harvesters - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a threshing device that can be mounted on a combine, a harvester, and the like. More specifically, the threshing section and the sorting section can be connected interchangeably with the separation position as a boundary. In addition, the present invention relates to a combine threshing device capable of adjusting the transport speed of a transport unit that connects both units.

[Prior art]

In a conventional combine harvester, a threshing device on one side of the machine body, an engine on the front side of the machine body and the like, and a Glen tank on the rear side are arranged in series above a machine body frame provided in a horizontal direction. Further, a pair of left and right crawlers are arranged on the lower side of the machine body frame, and a pretreatment section including a card raising section, a cutting blade, and a conveying section is arranged in front of the machine body frame. There is.

The most problematic issue with the above-mentioned combine with a Glen tank is the left-right balance of the aircraft that differs when the specified amount of grains is stored in the Glen tank and when the Glen tank becomes empty. Especially in a wetland where crawlers tend to sink, if a certain amount of grain is stored in a grain tank that is unevenly distributed on one side of the aircraft, the left-right balance of the aircraft will be lost, and the aircraft will tilt significantly toward the Glentank. There was a problem that the mowing work by the department became impossible.

To solve this problem, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 55-14428 or Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-224621 has been proposed. All of these have a structure in which a grain tank is placed in the space between the crawlers provided on the left and right sides and a threshing device is mounted above the grain tank. By installing a Glen tank in the center of the width, the structure keeps the left-right balance of the aircraft.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

By the way, the prior art described in the above-mentioned publication is a so-called two-story structure in which the threshing device mounted above the Glen tank has a threshing section above the sorting section, and the threshing section from the threshing section is sorted. It is not possible to adjust the falling amount of threshing to the sorting section simply by dropping and supplying it to the sorting section, and when there is more threshing than the standard, the sorting wind does not blow through, resulting in the poorest sorting of the mouth and threshing. When the amount of the product is less than the standard, the selection wind becomes strong, the amount of the second reduced product is reduced, and the grain damage occurs.

In addition, it is difficult to maintain and inspect the sorting section located below the threshing section, and at the same time, the sorting section and the threshing section cannot be separated and exchanged, so that the threshing and sorting of rice and wheat can be performed with the same threshing device. However, there is a drawback that the sorting section and the threshing section cannot be easily exchanged for threshing and sorting of soybeans, buckwheat, etc. other than rice.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances to solve the problems, and the threshing unit and the sorting unit that configure the threshing device can be exchanged, and the sorting corresponding to the sorting unit can be performed. The present invention is carried out for the purpose of providing a threshing device for combine harvesters.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention that achieves the above object, a threshing unit for threshing a grain culm sandwiched between feed chains and a sandwich rail,
The sorting unit for sorting the grains to be shredded from the threshing unit is exchangeable with the separation position interposed between the two units as a boundary, and is connected in series in the front-rear direction, and from the threshing unit. The transport unit on the side of the threshing unit and the transport unit on the side of the sorting unit facing the separating unit, which transports the grains to be shredded to the sorting unit, and the transport speed of the transport unit can be adjusted. It is a thing.

[Action]

Thus, the threshing unit 4 for threshing the stem culms sandwiched between the feed chain 30 and the pinching rail 29, and the sorting unit 5 for sorting the threshing from the threshing unit 4 are interposed between the both units. The threshing section 4 and the sorting section 5 are exchangeable with the separation position as a boundary and are connected in series in the front-rear direction so that the threshing section 4 and the sorting section that are optimal for the type of threshing grain to be threshed. Can be easily replaced with 5.

In other words, in the case of rice or wheat that is difficult to shatter, the threshing section 4 having a normal handling room 20 in which a large number of handling teeth 19 are planted in the handling cylinder 17 is replaced, but soybeans that are relatively easy to shatter. In the case of buckwheat, etc., it is possible to treat materials that are difficult to shed by replacing them with a threshing section that has a handling cylinder with spiral handling teeth and a meshing mesh with a large mesh size. Damage to the grain due to excessive excessive threshing can be prevented.

Also, in the case of wheat, soybean, etc., where relatively long stalk breakage occurs frequently, replace the swing transfer sorting plate with a sorting unit with multiple stages (for example, 3 stages) , It is possible to prevent stalk breakage from mixing into the second reducing port, but in the case of rice, buckwheat, etc. where relatively short stalk breakage occurs frequently, the number of stages of the swing transfer sorting plate is small (Examples By exchanging with the sorting section 5 arranged in two stages shown in (1), wind sorting using the sorting space can be efficiently performed.

In the threshing part of soybeans, buckwheat, etc., the clamping force between the feed chain 30 and the pinching rail 29 is set to be weak, and the entire stem culm is put into the handling room 20, so the straw conveyor belt 3 provided in the sorting part 5
1, or the straw conveying section such as the straw conveying chain can be omitted, and the cutter section 33 can also be omitted.

Further, since the threshing unit 4 and the sorting unit 5 can be easily separated and connected with the separation position 6 as a boundary, and the sorting unit 5 is arranged in series with the threshing unit 4, especially inside the sorting unit 4. Easy inspection and maintenance.

Further, the threshing unit side transport unit 22 for transferring the grains to be shredded from the threshing unit 4 to the sorting unit 5 and the transport units 44, 46 on the selection unit 5 side are faced to the separating position 6, so that the threshing unit 4 And sorting section 5
Not only does it hinder the replacement of rice, but also the transport speed of the transport unit can be varied, so when there is a large amount of threshing, the transport speed is controlled to a speed lower than the standard speed and the threshing supplied to the sorting unit 5 is performed. By reducing the amount of the objects, it is possible to perform sorting that matches the sorting unit 5.

In addition, when the grain removal is small, the conveying speed is controlled to be higher than the standard speed to increase the amount of grain removal supplied to the sorting unit 5, so that sorting can be performed in proportion to the sorting unit 5.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the drawings showing the present invention as an embodiment will be described.

1 and 2, the combine C is equipped with a pair of left and right crawlers 1, and above this crawler 1,
A box-shaped grain tank 2 formed in a width extending over the crawler 1 is provided, and a threshing device 3 is installed above the grain tank 2. This threshing device 3 is composed of a threshing section 4 on the front side and a sorting section 5 connected in series behind the threshing section 4, and the threshing section 4 and the sorting section 5 have a separation position 6 as a boundary. Are separated or connected so that they can be connected.

A pretreatment device 10 is arranged in front of the threshing device 3. This pretreatment device 10 is provided across the entire width of the machine body, and is provided with a combing portion 7 for combing the raised culm culms in the field, a cutting blade 9 for cutting off the raised culm culled by the combing portion 7, A lateral transport unit 11 for sandwiching and transporting the grain culm cut by the cutting blade 9 toward the left side, and a stocker side for transporting the grain culm on the terminal side of the horizontal transport unit 11 toward the supply port of the threshing device 3. And a tip end side, and the like, which is composed of a vertical transport unit 12 and the like.

On the right side of the vertical transport unit 12, a machine base 13 is provided that projects forward from the front wall 2a of the Glen tank 2. An engine 14 is mounted on this machine base 13, and this engine 14
A driver's seat 15 is provided above the driver's seat 15, and a driver operation unit arranged in an L shape in a plan view at the side and the front of the driver's seat 15.
16 are provided.

The threshing section 4 described above is provided with a handling room 20. The handling chamber 20 is provided with a handling barrel 17 which rotates around a handling barrel shaft (not shown) disposed in the axial direction along the traveling direction of the machine body. Teeth 19 are planted,
A handling net 21 is stretched around the handling barrel 17. Below the handling chamber 20, a grain removal conveyor belt 22 is provided for transporting the grain removal process in the handling chamber 20 that has leaked through the handling net 21 to the rear sorting unit 5. The grain-removing conveyor belt 22 is configured to have a width across the entire width of the handling chamber 20 and is wound around a rotating roll 23 arranged in front and rear. The conveyor end of the grain-removing conveyor belt 22 extends to the vicinity of the separating position 6 described above. Has been done.

On the side of the handling cylinder 17, a processing cylinder 25 provided with processing teeth on the outer periphery for processing grain removal without leaking the handling net 21 is provided rotatably around a processing cylinder shaft 26. In the middle of the handling net 21 on the handling chamber 20 side, a supply port for supplying grain removal to the starting end side of the processing drum 25 is opened, and a processing net 27 is stretched below the processing drum 25. There is. The rear end of the processing cylinder 25 is a handling room.
Separation position 6 longer toward the rear than the rear end of the handle cylinder 17
It has been extended to the vicinity.

Further, on the front surface of the handling room 17, a grain culm sandwiching and conveying mechanism including a squeezing rail 29 and a feed chain 30 is arranged.
The sprocket 30a on the terminal side of the feed chain 30 is arranged on the side of the sorting unit 5 beyond the separating position 6, but is rotatably provided on the side of the threshing unit 4.

The sorting unit 5 is configured as follows. That is, in the upper part of the sorting section 5, the straw conveying belt 31 whose starting end side is connected to the terminal end of the feed chain 30 is extended long backward. The straw conveying belt 31 is wound around a rotating roll 32 that is formed in the width of the sorting unit 5 and is provided in front of and behind the sorting unit 5, but the belt 31 itself has a large number of leak holes 31a. Straw particles of straw fall downward from the leak holes 31a, and the sorting wind described later blows through a large number of the leak holes 31a. Below the conveyor end side of the straw conveyor belt 31, there is provided a cutter unit 33 for simultaneously cutting the straw body direction.

In the case where it is configured as the special selection unit 5 for selecting soybeans, buckwheat, etc., the whole culm is thrown into the threshing unit 4 and supplied, and the straw conveying belt 31 and the cutter unit 33 connected to the feed chain 30 can be omitted. This space can be used to provide another swing transfer sorting plate (not shown) located above the swing transport sorting plate 35 in the upper stage. The conveyor belt 44 can be extended and supplied. Leakage from the other swing transfer sorting plate may be supplied to the lower swing transport sorting plate 40 via the upper swing transport sorting plate 35.

Below the straw conveyor belt 31, an upper swing transfer sorting plate 35 composed of a front side non-hole corrugated transfer plate 34 and a rear side stroller rack 36 is arranged. 35
Is formed by integrally swinging with the lower swing transfer sorting plate 40, which will be described later, to swing back and forth and up and down.
Waste products discharged from the 25 outlets and straw conveyor belt 31
The spilled particles that have leaked from the leakage hole 31a are rock-sorted.

Further, below the above-described upper stage swing transfer sorting plate 35,
A lower oscillating transfer sorting plate 40 including a front non-hole-shaped wave transfer plate 37 and a rear side sheave sheave 39 is disposed. The lower oscillating transfer sorting plate 40 includes front and rear swing arms (not shown). It is pivotally connected to the above-mentioned swing transfer sorting plate 35 and swings back and forth and up and down integrally with the above-mentioned swing transfer sorting plate 35 to swing and sort mainly the grain removal that has leaked through the handling net 21 described above. On the leading end side of the side sheave sheave 39, the straw debris and the stab particles that have leaked from the upper stroller rack 36 are sorted out.

At the front end of the cheve sheave 39, a grain return flow plate 41, which is the first one, is arranged at an interval with the gap facing upward. The lower side of the first grain return flow plate 41 is connected to the rear end of the first grain mouth 43 opened in the top plate 2c of the Glen tank 2 located below. Between the lower side of the processing cylinder 25 on the outlet side and the front end of the upper swing transfer sorting plate 35, an upper stage conveyor belt 44 inclined obliquely upward is disposed. The conveyor belt 44 in the upper stage is configured to have a width of the sorting section 5 and is provided with a conveyor protrusion on its conveyor surface. The conveyor belt 44 is wound around front and rear rotary rolls 45, and the front side extends beyond the separating position 6 toward the threshing section 4 side. The rotating roll 45 on the front side is rotatably supported by the tip of an arm (not shown) protruding from the sorting section 5 side into the threshing section 4.

Further, between the lower end of the threshing conveyor belt 22 arranged on the threshing section 4 side and the upper front side of the lower swing transfer sorting plate 40, there is a lower conveyor belt 46 inclined obliquely upward. It is arranged. The lower conveyor belt 46 is used for the sorting unit 5
The front side extends beyond the separating position 6 to the threshing section 4 side while being wound around the front and rear rotating rolls 47 with a width of, but the front side rotating roll 47 projects into the threshing section 4 from the sorting section 5 side. It is rotatably supported on the tip of the arm (not shown).

Thus, by providing the upper conveyor belt 44 and the lower conveyor belt 46 that connect the threshing unit 4 and the sorting unit 5 rotatably on the sorting unit 5 side, the threshing unit 4 and the sorting unit 5 can be connected to each other. Are connected so that they can be separated and combined at the separation position 6 as a boundary. At this separation position 6, as shown in FIG. 6, the collar portion 4a provided at the rear end of the machine wall of the threshing section 4 and the collar portion 5a provided at the front end of the machine wall of the sorting section 5 are bolts, nuts and the like. Connect by detaching
It is configured as a separation unit to be separated.

In addition, the grain-removing conveyor belt 22 and the lower conveyor belt 46 (or the upper conveyor belt 44) that convey the grains to be shredded from the threshing unit 4 to the sorting unit 5 have a conveyance speed centered around the standard speed. A speed change mechanism is provided in a transmission mechanism (not shown) so that the speed can be changed to the high speed side or the low speed side. The variable transporting unit may be one of the grain removing transporting belt 22 and the lower transporting belt 46.

This speed change mechanism is a wind speed detection sensor (not shown) that detects the wind speed of the sorting air passage 50 that blows through the stroller rack 36 or the first sorting air passage 52 that blows through the chamber sheave 39 described later.
The structure is controlled on the basis of the detection result of, and when there is a large amount of threshing from the threshing unit 4, the threshing conveyor belt 2
2, the conveyance speed of the lower conveyor belt 46 is controlled to be lower than the standard, the amount of grain removal supplied to the lower swing transfer sorting plate 35 is reduced, and the wind speed of the sorting wind that blows through the sieve sheave 39 is matched. Sorting can be done. Further, when the grain removal is small, the grain transfer belt 22 and the lower transport belt 46 are controlled to a transport speed higher than the standard, and the amount of grain supplied to the lower swing transfer sorting plate 35 is controlled. Increase
It is possible to perform the sorting according to the wind speed of the sorting wind that blows through the chive sheave 39.

Further, between the lower part of the lower conveyor belt 46 and the front end of the lower part of the swing transfer sorting plate 40, there is formed a sorting air passage 50 through which the sorting air from the first cross flow fan 49 is blown out. ,
After passing through the grain removal from the end of the lower conveyor belt 46 and passing through the straw rack 36, the straw conveyor belt 31
Through the leak hole 31a, and communicates with the upper part of the cutter portion 33.

Further, a second cross-flow fan 51 is provided below the non-perforated corrugated transfer plate 37, and the sorting wind blown out from this second cross-flow fan 51 passes through the sorting wind channel 52 first and blows through the sieve sieve 39, A part of the air is merged with the sorting air from the sorting air passage 50, but the rest is sucked to the cross flow fan 54 via the downward suction air passage 53 provided below the cutter portion 33 and discharged to the outside of the machine. . Further, a triangular plate 55 that divides the sorting wind into upper and lower parts is provided at the rear of the first sorting wind passage 52.

On the lower back side of the above-mentioned first grain return flow plate 41, there is a second reduction gutter.
56 is provided, and in this trough 56, a second reduction spiral 56a is rotatably provided. At the upper end of the first grain return flow plate 41, a stroller tray connected to the end of the chamber sheave 39.
57, the stroller rack 57 swings integrally with the lower swing transfer sorting plate 40 described above, but a return plate 59 is provided diagonally forward from the rear end of the stroller rack 57. The lower end of the return plate 59 is connected to the second return gutter 56.

On the bottom plate of the grain tank 2 provided below the threshing device 3, a grain discharge belt 60 configured to have a width of the tank 2 is provided, and the grain discharge belt 60 is provided with front and rear rotating rolls 61. The discharge port 62 is opened in the rear wall 2b which is wound around the tank 2 and constitutes the Glen tank 2.
A discharge horizontal spiral cylinder 63 that extends in the lateral direction along the rear wall 2b is provided on the outer side (rear side) of the discharge horizontal spiral.
64 is rotatably provided. A discharge vertical spiral 65 extending upward is connected to the transfer end of the discharge horizontal spiral 64, and the discharge vertical spiral 65 is housed in a discharge vertical spiral cylinder 66.

Above the discharge vertical spiral cylinder 66, a discharge horizontal spiral cylinder 67 having a discharge gutter 69 at the tip is provided so as to be able to swivel around the rotation axis O of the discharge vertical spiral 65, and the discharge horizontal spiral cylinder 67 is provided. A discharge vertical spiral that connects to the discharge vertical spiral 65 is provided in the spiral cylinder 67. From the discharge horizontal spiral cylinder 63 to the discharge vertical spiral cylinder 66 described above
The discharging mechanism reaching the discharging horizontal spiral tube 67 via the is provided on the side of the Glen tank 2 and is configured independently of the sorting unit 5, so that the sorting unit 5 can be more easily separated and attached / detached.

Further, in the Glen tank 2, a leveling spiral shaft 71 having a leveling spiral 70 disposed near the top plate 2c is disposed along the front-rear direction. This leveling spiral 70 guides the grains that have fallen into the grain tank 2 from the first grain port 43 opened in the top plate 2c toward the front side and the left and right sides, and transfers the grains into the grain tank 2. They are arranged on both left and right sides within the width of the tank 2 so that they can be stored evenly. This leveling spiral 70 is constantly driven at the same time as the threshing work of the threshing device 3, but the discharging horizontal spiral in the grain discharging belt 60, the discharging horizontal spiral 64, the discharging vertical spiral 65 and the discharging horizontal spiral cylinder 67 is It is driven from the engine 14 through the clutch so that it is driven only when the particles are discharged.

In this way, by providing the box-shaped Glen tank 2 which is configured to have a width over the left and right crawlers 1 in the center of the machine body, it is possible to store the grain in the tank 2 and to empty it. Since the balance is not lost, the left-right balance of the aircraft can be maintained well and the work performance of the combine in the wetland can be improved. However, the threshing device 3 mounted above the Glen tank 2 has a threshing unit 4 and a sorting unit 5 Since and are arranged in series in the front-rear direction, it is possible to reduce the ground height of the threshing device 3 and maintain the stability of the machine body. Also, the sorting unit 4
The grain-returning plate 41 is connected to the grain-grain opening 43 of the grain tank 2 located below, and it is necessary to provide a lifting mechanism for connecting to the grain tank 2 for each sorting section 4 to be replaced. It is extremely easy to replace because there is no problem.

[Effect of device]

As described above, the present invention provides a threshing unit for threshing the grain culms sandwiched between the feed chain and the picking rail, and a sorting unit for sorting the threshing grains from the threshing unit between the two units. Exchangeable with the intervening separation position as a boundary, and by connecting in series in the front-rear direction, the threshing part and the sorting part, the threshing part and the sorting part that are optimal for the type of grain to be threshed. Can be easily replaced.

Moreover, according to the present invention, since the threshing section-side transporting section for transferring the grains to be shredded from the threshing section to the sorting section and the sorting section-side transporting section face the separating position, the threshing section and the sorting section are replaced. In addition to not hindering the operation, the transfer speed of the transfer section can be changed.If there is a lot of grain removal, control the transfer speed to a speed lower than the standard speed and transfer the removal grain to the sorting section. If the amount is reduced and sorting is possible in proportion to the sorting unit and there is little grain removal, the transport speed is controlled to a higher speed than the standard speed to increase the amount of grain removal transported to the sorting unit. It is possible to perform sorting that matches the sorting section.

Furthermore, since the threshing unit and the sorting unit are easily separated and the sorting unit is arranged in front of the threshing unit, it is possible to particularly easily inspect and maintain the inside of the sorting unit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a combine showing a threshing device in section, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same as above, and FIG. A cross-sectional plan view of the combine, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which the sorting unit is removed from the threshing unit, and FIG.
The figure is a plan view showing the details of the separating portion. C ... Combine, 1 ... Crawler, 2 ... Glen Tank, 3
... Threshing device, 4 ... Threshing unit, 5 ... Sorting unit, 6 ... Separation position,
17 ... Handling cylinder, 19 ... Handling tooth, 20 ... Handling room, 21 ... Handling net, 22 ... Crop conveyor belt, 25 ... Treatment cylinder, 29 ... Pinching rail, 30 ... Feed chain, 31 ... Straw conveying belt, 33 ... cutter section, 35 ...
Upper stage swing transfer sorter plate, 40 ... Lower stage swing transfer sorter plate, 41
… First grain return plate, 43… first grain mouth, 44… top conveyor belt, 46… bottom conveyor belt.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A threshing unit for threshing grain culms sandwiched between a feed chain and a picking rail, and a sorting unit for sorting grain to be shredded from the threshing unit, with a separating position interposed therebetween. Exchangeable as a boundary, and connected in series in the front-rear direction, the transport section on the threshing section side for transferring the grain to be shredded from the threshing section to the sorting section, and the transport section on the sorting section side. A threshing apparatus for combine, which is arranged so as to face the separation position and in which the transport speed of the transport section can be adjusted.