JPH081308B2 - House - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a house using a so-called air cycle that utilizes a flow of air. More specifically, the present invention relates to a house having a small heat loss and a ventilation function for a living space.

[Conventional technology]

In this type of house, the space under the floor and the space behind the hut are connected with the space inside the wall, and these spaces are naturally ventilated or forcedly circulate air.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in an air cycle house with a conventional structure, a house using natural ventilation does not perform an air cycle for the entire house when only a limited room is heated, such as in winter. This is because the inside wall and ceiling of a house and the shoji on the corridor side are heated in only one room of the house, and only the temperature of the air inside this part rises, causing an air cycle for the entire house. There was a drawback that it could not be a driving force, and when the elevated temperature reached a certain height of the wall surface, it was reduced by other cold air and became condensed water at that position. Of course, since the stove, etc. is on the floor, the air cycle space in the vicinity immediately condenses due to contact with the air heated at low temperature and high humidity from the underfloor space, causing corrosion of the base, heat insulating material (glass wool wet cloth). )
There was a drawback to promote. Further, neither the air cycle house with natural ventilation nor the air cycle house with forced ventilation has a structure for taking in air into the indoor space, nor a structure for completely dispersing air in the air cycle space.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention provides ventilation with less heat loss by making the living space also one of the routes of the air cycle, and at the same time, collects solar heat on the outer wall and the roof to save energy in winter. The present invention proposes a house in which the air in the house is sucked in and exhausted through a heat exchanger to prevent the heat from entering and exiting the house, thereby improving the habitability and durability.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a house according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view for explaining a typical example of the house A, where 1 is a space behind the hut, 2 is a living space, 3 is an underfloor space, 4 is an airtight heat insulating layer, 5 is a collector space, and 11 is a ventilation space. , 13 is a draft duct, 14 is a heat exchanger, 16 is an air collecting duct, 17 is a ventilation fan, 18 is an air supply port, from 20
22 is a pipe. That is, the attic space 1, the living space 2, the underfloor space 3, and the ventilation space 11 are the spaces surrounded by the airtight heat insulating layer 4 inside the house A, and three spaces dispersed by the inner wall 10, the ceiling 23, and the floor 24. In the attic space 1, the outside air or the air obtained in the collector space 5 through the heat exchanger 14 and the air sent from the underfloor space 3 through the air collecting duct 16 will be described later. Mixing duct
It is the space that is released after mixing in 15 and the living space 2
And functions as an air dam for sending air to the underfloor space 3 via the ventilation space 11. In addition, the living space 2 is a space in which the resident performs daily life, and is connected to the underfloor space 3 or the attic space 1 by the air supply port 18. This air supply port 18 allows the air in the underfloor space 3 to move into the living space 2
It is a passage for sending to, such as a simple hole shape, or with a forced air blowing fan. A ventilation fan 17 is provided in at least one place of the living space 2. This ventilation fan
The pipe 17 is connected to the heat exchanger 14 by a pipe 22, and in the living space 2, the resident's breath, the dirty air due to the exhaust from the heater such as the stove, and the air containing humidity are passed through the heat exchanger 14. It is for discharging to the outside. The underfloor space 3 is a space that is divided by the living space 2 and the floor 24, and is a space that is communicated with the attic space 1 through the ventilation space 11. The attic space 1, the living space 2, and the underfloor space 3 are surrounded by an airtight heat insulating layer 4. This airtight heat insulating layer 4 has at least heat insulating properties and hermetic properties, and secondarily has a sound insulating property, a sound absorbing property, and a moisture proof property, such as a sheathing board, a sheathing insulation board, and an AL.
The C plate, various synthetic resin plates, wood chip cement plate, glass wool plate, etc., or a composite plate of these. To add further explanation, the airtight heat insulating layer 4 has two insides of the house A: a group consisting of an attic space 1, a living space 2 and an underfloor space 3, and a collector space 5 consisting of a wall collector space 7 and a roof collector space 9. This is to prevent the flow of air and heat between the groups. It is also possible to attach an airtight film such as a polyethylene sheet or an aluminum vapor-deposited sheet to the outer surface (the surface on the collector space 5 side) or the inner surface of the airtight heat insulating layer 4. The collector space 5 includes a wall collector space 7 and a roof collector space 9. The wall collector space 7 is a space surrounded by the outer wall 6 and the airtight heat insulating layer 4, and the roof collector space 9 includes the roof 8 and the airtight heat insulating layer 4. It is a space between. The wall collector space 7 and the roof collector space 9 are portions that collect solar heat through the outer wall 6 and the roof 8. More specifically, the collector space 5 discharges the air taken in from the ventilation port 12 by the draft duct 13 at the lower end and the tip of the wall collector space 7 and the roof collector space 9,
These are parts that warm the air through the outer wall 6 and the roof 8, respectively. The warmed air rises and is collected by a heat collecting duct or the like (not shown) and is used for heating the house A through the heat exchanger 14. In the winter, even if the heat cannot be collected in the collector space 5 , the air having the same temperature as the outside temperature is warmed by the air in the house A through the heat exchanger 14, and the existing air is mixed in the mixing duct 15 with the existing air. Since they are discharged into the attic space 1 after being mixed, the heating efficiency is not lowered. Further, the collector space 5 is not operated in the summer, and is completely stopped, or the air dispersed by the draft duct 13 from the ventilation port 12 is discharged from the ventilation port 12. Further, the draft duct 13 is branched in the middle in FIG.
Although shown in the book, it is also possible to have separate draft ducts 13 for the wall collector space 7 and the roof collector space 9, respectively. The ventilation space 11 is a space formed between the inner wall 10 and the airtight heat insulating layer 4, and the lower part is a space which is continuous with the underfloor space 3 and the upper part is the attic space 1. The ventilation space 11 is for removing the cool air around the inner wall 10 of the living space 2 by moving the warm fresh air dispersed in the attic space 1 to the underfloor space 3. The heat exchanger 14 has, for example, the structure shown in FIG. 3, and selectively connects the duct 14a to the collector space 5 , the ventilation port 12, or another air supply port (not shown), and the duct 14b is Intake port (not shown),
The duct 14d is connected to the ventilation fan 17 and the duct 14c is connected to the mixing duct. That is, the heat exchanger 14 uses the collector space 5 or the duct 1 to introduce fresh air directly from the outside.
Intake via 4a, mixing duct 1 from duct 14c
This is to prevent heat from flowing in and out by exchanging the heat of the warm air discharged from the duct 14d to the outside through the duct 14b when the air is blown to. Mixing duct 15 is heat exchanger 14
After mixing the air taken into the house A with the existing warm air sent from the underfloor space 3, the air is discharged to the attic space 1. This is because even if the air taken in through the heat exchanger 14 is warmed by heat exchange with the air discharged through the heat exchanger 14, due to the size of the heat exchange rate, Since the temperature is lower than air, by mixing with existing air in the mixing duct 15,
This is to prevent the temperature from decreasing by discharging it into the attic space 1 in a warmer state and taking in fresh air. Therefore, the temperature distribution in the attic space 1 does not change and partial dew condensation can be prevented.
The air collecting duct 16 is for blowing the warm air of the underfloor space 3 to the mixing duct 15, and is formed by a simple tubular shape, or as shown in FIG. 4, a pipe made of metal or plastic is formed into an antenna shape. Each of which has a slit 16a having a square shape, an elliptical shape, a circular shape or the like, or a material having a void composed of a communicating tissue as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), for example, glass fiber, plastic fiber, Fibrous materials such as mineral fibers and metal fibers,
A synthetic resin foam such as polyurethane foam or polyurea foam having an open cell structure, a porous ceramic, or the like formed into a pipe shape such as a ring shape, a square shape, a triangular shape, or a polygonal shape in FIG. 6 (a), These are arranged as shown in (b).

Here, the flow of air will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. First, the air flow in the winter will be described. The air taken from the outside B through the ventilation port 12 is sent to the collector space 5 by the draft duct 13. In the collector space 5 , it is warmed by solar heat and rises in the wall collector space 7 and the roof collector space 9, and is supplied to the mixing duct 15 via the heat exchanger 14. In the mixing duct 15, the air from the heat exchanger 14 and the air from the underfloor space 3 are mixed, and the mixed air is discharged to the attic space 1. At this time, the collector space
When the air heated in 5 passes through the heat exchanger 14, it receives the heat of the air in the house A released to the outside B through the heat exchanger 14 and is heated in a more heated state in the mixing duct 15
To the interior space 1 of the house A after being mixed with the warm air in the house A in the mixing duct 15, the temperature of the interior space 1 is hardly lowered, and the dew condensation phenomenon is prevented. can do. The air in the attic space 1 is ventilated by the pressure due to the supply of air from the mixing duct 15, the suction force of the ventilation fan 17 of the living space 2, and the suction force of the air collection duct 16 of the underfloor space 3,
A flow descending inside and moving to the underfloor space 3 and a flow moving to the living space 2 through the air supply port 18 are generated. In the underfloor space 3, a part of the mixing duct 16 is used as a mixing duct.
It is transferred to the pipe 15 through the pipe 21, and is discharged to the attic space 1 again. Further, a part moves to the living space 2 through the air supply port 18. The air in the living space 2 is discharged to the outside B through the heat exchanger 14 together with the moisture, gas, etc. emitted from the human body or the heater, through the ventilation fan 17 provided in the kitchen, bathroom, or the like. In this way, in the winter, heat generated in the house A can be minimized to the outside, and
Ventilation is performed at the same time, and the house A is capable of heating without heat loss and taking in fresh air. Further, in the summer, as shown by the dotted line, the air from the outside B is directly sent to the mixing duct 15 via the heat exchanger 14 without passing through the collector space 5 , so that the heat from the outside B is transferred into the house A. Ventilation can be done without. As described above, in this case, the collector space 5 is stopped, or independently, the external B → the ventilation port 12 → the draft duct.
13 → collector space 5 → vent 12 → external B can be moved. Especially in the latter case, even if the temperature in the collector space 5 rises due to solar heat, it does not affect the temperature in the living space 2.

What has been described above is only one example of the house A according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a part of the pipe 21 connecting the air collecting duct 16 and the mixing duct 15 is a radiator in the living space 2. It can be 25. In addition, the air supply port 18 has a
It is also possible to form it on only one side of the floor 24. Further, although the heat exchanger 14 is arranged in the collector space 5 in FIG. 1, it may be arranged in the attic space 1. It is also possible to interpose a fan 19 (in the figure, an example in which only the pipe 21 is provided) in the pipes 20 to 22, the draft duct 13, and the ventilation space 11.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the house of the present invention, since intake and exhaust with the outside are all performed through the heat exchanger,
There is no heat input and output, and heating and cooling can be performed efficiently. In winter, the solar heat can be utilized by the wall collector space and the roof collector space, and the heating cost can be reduced. Even if the heat collection function of the collector space cannot be fulfilled in winter, heat exchange by the heat exchanger and mixing with warm air inside the house in the mixing duct significantly reduce partial temperature drop in the attic space. It is possible to prevent dew condensation. The living space can be ventilated at the same time. Since the airtight heat insulating layer is formed, there is no draft and efficient cooling and heating can be performed. There are effects and features such as.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a house according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a block diagram explaining the flow of air, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a heat exchanger, FIG. 4, FIG. 5 (a),
(B), FIG.6 (a), (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the example of an air collection duct. A: house, 1 ... hut back space, 2 ... living space, 3 ...
… Underfloor space, 4 …… Airtight insulation layer, 5 …… Collector space, 11 …… Ventilation space, 13 …… Draft duct, 14 …… Heat exchanger, 15 …… Mixing duct, 16 …… Air collection duct,
17 …… Ventilation fan, 18 …… Air supply port.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An indoor space is divided into an attic space, a living space, an underfloor space, a ventilation space, and a collector space consisting of a wall collector space and a roof collector space by an airtight heat insulation layer, and the attic space and the underfloor space. The space is connected by the ventilation space between the inner wall and the airtight insulating layer, and the underfloor space and the living space or at least one of the attic space and the living space are connected by the air supply port, and the collector space has a ventilation port, draft duct, and attic space A mixing duct is installed in the space, an air collection duct is installed in the underfloor space, and a ventilation fan is installed in the living space.
Moreover, a heat exchanger is arranged at an arbitrary position inside the house, and the heat exchanger is connected to the ventilation fan, the mixing duct, and the collector space,
The outside air is dispersed in the collector space by the draft duct, and the heated space in the collector space is transferred to the mixing duct through the heat exchanger, and in the mixing duct, it is mixed with the air sent from the underfloor space by the air collection duct. Disperse the air into the rear hut space and send air from the hut space or under the floor space sent through the ventilation space to the outside through the living space, the ventilation fan, and the heat exchanger. House characterized by.