JPH07111273B2 - House - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a house using a so-called air cycle that utilizes a flow of air. More specifically, the present invention relates to a house having a small heat loss and a ventilation function for a living space.

[Conventional technology]

In this type of house, the space under the floor and the space behind the hut are connected to the space inside the wall, and these spaces are naturally ventilated or forced to circulate the space.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in an air cycle house of a conventional configuration, in a house using natural ventilation, when only a limited room is heated, as in winter, the air cycle of the entire house is Was not done. This is because only one room in the house is humidified on the inside wall and ceiling of the house and the shoji on the corridor side, and only the internal space in this part rises in temperature, which is the driving force that causes the air cycle of the entire house. However, when the temperature rises to a certain height on the wall surface, it is reduced by other cold air, resulting in dew condensation water at that position. Of course, since the stove, etc. is on the floor, the air cycle space in the vicinity immediately condenses due to contact with the air heated at low temperature and high humidity from the underfloor space, causing corrosion of the base, heat insulating material (glass wool wet cloth). )
There was a drawback to promote. Furthermore, neither the air cycle house with natural ventilation nor the air cycle house with forced ventilation has a structure in which air is taken into the indoor space and the air is not completely dispersed in the air cycle space.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention provides ventilation with less heat loss by making the living space also one of the paths of the air cycle, and by collecting solar heat on the outer wall and the roof, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption in winter. The present invention proposes a house in which the heat in and out of the house is prevented by reducing and sucking and exhausting the heat via a heat exchanger, and the habitability and durability of the house are improved.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a house according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view explaining a typical example of the house A, 1 is a shed space, 2 is a living space, 3
Is an underfloor space, 4 is an airtight heat insulating layer, 6 is a wall collector space,
8 is a roof collector space, 10 is a ventilation space, 11 is an air intake / exhaust port, 12 is a heat exchanger, 14 is an air supply port, 15 is a ventilation fan, 16 is a wife ventilation duct, 17 is a heat collection duct, 18 is a dispersion duct, 19 is a fan and 20 to 24 are pipes. That is, the attic space 1, the living space 2, and the underfloor space 3 are three spaces divided by the inner wall 9, the ceiling 25, and the floor 26 inside the house A, and the attic space 1 is a heat exchanger as will be described later. With the function of an air dam to stir and mix the outside air sucked through 12 with the existing warm air by the diffusion fan 13, and one of the paths for sending the warm air to the living space 2 and the wall collector space 6. is there. Also, the living space 2 is a space where the residents live their daily lives, and the attic space 1 is an air supply port 14
Tied by. The air supply port 14 is a passage for sending the air in the attic space 1 to the living space 2, and has a simple hole shape, or is provided with a forced air fan. A ventilation fan 15 is provided at least at one place in the living space 2. This ventilation fan 15 is connected to the heat exchanger 12 by a pipe 22, and in the living space 2, the breathing of the occupants, the dirty air due to the exhaust from the heater such as the stove, and the air containing the humidity are transferred to the heat exchanger 12. It is for discharging to the outside through the. The underfloor space 3 is a space divided by the living space 2 and the floor 26, and the attic space 1 through the ventilation space 10.
It is a space that is communicated with. Further, the attic space 1, the living space 2, and the underfloor space 3 are portions surrounded by the airtight heat insulating layer 4. This airtight heat insulating layer 4 has at least heat insulating property, hermetic property, and secondarily has a sound insulating property, a sound absorbing property, and a moisture proof property, for example, a sheathing board, a sheathing insulation board, an ALC plate, various synthetic resin plates, It is formed from a wood chip cement board, a glass wool board, or a composite board of these. To further explain, the airtight heat insulating layer 4 divides the interior of the house A into two groups: an attic space 1, a living space 2 and an underfloor space 3, and a wall collector space 6 and a roof collector space 8. It prevents the flow of air and heat between the groups. The wall collector space 6 is a space surrounded by the outer wall 5 and the airtight heat insulating layer 4, and the roof collector space 8 is a space between the roof 7 and the airtight heat insulating layer 4. The wall collector space 6 and the roof collector space 8 are continuous, and the outer wall 5,
It is a part that collects heat by solar heat through the roof 7. To explain further, the lower part (near the base) of the wall collector space 6 is connected to the wife ventilation duct 16 arranged in the attic space 1 by a pipe 23, and the air in the attic space 1 is directly connected to the wall collector. It is supplied to the space 6. In the wall collector space 6, the supplied space is passed through the outer wall 5,
Further, in the roof collector space 8, it is heated by the solar heat through the roof 7, collected by the heat collecting duct 17 arranged near the ridge of the roof collector space 8, and through the fan 19.
It is carried to the underfloor space 3 through the pipe 24. That is, the wall collector space 6 and the roof collector space 8 are for collecting solar heat in the winter season and using it for heating the house A. The heat collecting duct 17 and the fan 19 are activated only when the temperature of the air in the roof collector space 8 becomes equal to or higher than at least one temperature in the attic space 1, the living space 2, and the underfloor space 3. is there. The dispersion duct 18 is disposed in the underfloor space 3, is connected to the heat collecting duct 17, the fan 19 and the pipe 24, and the air warmed by the wall collector space 6 and the roof collector space 8 is transferred to the underfloor space. It is for dispersing within 3. The shape is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a pipe made of metal or plastic is formed into an antenna shape, each of which has a slit 18a having a rectangular shape, an elliptical shape, a circular shape, or a connecting tissue. Material having voids such as glass fiber, plastic fiber, mineral fiber, metal fiber, and other fibrous materials, polyurethane foam with open-cell structure, synthetic resin foam such as polyurea foam, porous ceramic, etc. A pipe-shaped member having a triangular shape, a polygonal shape, or the like is arranged as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). The ventilation space 10 is a space formed between the inner wall 9 and the airtight heat insulating layer 4, and the lower part is a space which is continuous with the underfloor space 3 and the upper part is the attic space 1. This ventilation space 10 moves warm air dispersed in the underfloor space 3 to the attic space 1,
This is for removing cold air around the inner wall 9 of the living space 2. The heat exchanger 12 has, for example, a structure shown in FIG.
The ducts 12a and 12b are connected to the intake / exhaust port 11 by the pipes 20 and 21,
In addition, the duct 12d is connected to the ventilation fan 15 and the pipe 22, and the duct 1
2c is connected to the diffusion fan 13. That is, the heat exchanger 12 takes in fresh air from the duct 12a through the intake / exhaust port 11 and the pipe 20, and passes the duct 12d through the duct 12b when the diffusion fan 13 releases the air into the attic space 1. This is to prevent the heat from being released by exchanging the heat of the warm air discharged to the outside. In addition, the diffusion fan 13 diffuses the fresh air obtained through the heat exchanger 12 in the attic space 1, so that the attic space 1
It is for uniforming the temperature inside.

Here, the flow of air will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The air taken from the outside B into the house A through the intake / exhaust port 11 is diffused into the back space 1 by the diffusion fan 13 through the heat exchanger 12 and supplied. Attic space 1
The pressure in the inside increases due to the air supplied from the heat exchanger 12, and due to this pressure, it enters the living space 2 through the intake port 14. The air in the living space 2 is dispersed between the rooms, and finally carried to the heat exchanger 12 via the ventilation fan 15 and discharged to the outside from the intake / exhaust port 11 through the pipe 21. On the other hand, attic space 1
The air inside is also led from the gable ventilation duct 16 through the pipe 23 to the lower part of the wall collector space 6. In the wall collector space 6, it is warmed by the solar heat via the outer wall 5 and rises, and moves to the roof collector space 8. In the roof collector space 8, the solar heat is moved through the roof 7 to the heat collection duct 17 which is further warmed and provided in the ridge portion. This warmed space is carried by the heat collecting duct 17 through the fan 19 to the dispersion duct 18 arranged in the underfloor space 3 through the pipe 24, and is uniformly dispersed in the underfloor space 3. In the underfloor space 3, it moves to the ventilation space 10 due to the pressure of the air discharged from the dispersion duct 18 and the property of warm air, rises in the ventilation space 10 and moves to the attic space 1. As described above, in the winter, the house A can minimize the outflow of heat generated in the house A to the outside and also can perform the ventilation at the same time. In summer, the heat collection duct 17 to the dispersion duct
By stopping the fan 19 on the way to 18, the air flow in the wall collector space 6 and the roof collector space 8 is stopped, and these are used as a heat insulating layer, so that the house A
Among these, the circulation of heat from the outside can be eliminated and the cooling can be efficiently performed.

The above description is only one example of the house A according to the present invention, and as shown by the dotted line in FIG.
It is also possible to use a part of the pipe 24 connecting the dispersion duct 18 with the radiator 27 in the living space 2. The intake / exhaust port 11 is formed near the base in Fig. 1, but the roof 7
It can be provided in the vicinity. Further, although the heat exchanger 12 is arranged in the attic space 1 in the figure, it may be arranged in a part of the wall body or in the underfloor space 3. When a material having a void having a communicating structure is used as the dispersion duct 18, the material can be formed as schematically shown in the sectional views of FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (h). That is, Fig. (A) shows a main body 18 made of a material having voids of a communicating structure.
Dispersion duct 18 consisting of only b, (b), (c) Figures are subject 1
Dispersion duct 18 in which the inner surface, outer surface, or both surfaces (not shown) of 8h is covered with a breathable sheet 18c to improve shape retention, (d) to (h) are outside main body 18b. The side surface is covered with a sheet-like material 18d, and (d) is a dispersion duct 18 having slits 18e, (e) to (g).
The figure shows a dispersion duct 18 in which a free end 18f is formed on a part of a sheet 18d, and (h) the dispersion duct 18 in which a part of a main body 18b is exposed. In addition, the sheet-like material 18d in the drawings (d) to (h) may be breathable or impermeable,
When an air-impermeable material is used in the drawings (d) to (g), the slit 18e and the free end 18f fulfill a valve function, which is one-way only for discharging the air in the dispersion duct 18 to the outside, which is preferable. Becomes

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the house of the present invention, since the intake and the exhaust with respect to the outside are all performed through the heat exchanger, there is no heat input and output, and heating and cooling can be efficiently performed.
In winter, the solar heat can be utilized by the wall collector space and the roof collector space, and the heating cost can be reduced. In summer, not only the airtight heat insulating layer but also the wall collector space and the roof collector space can function as the heat insulating layer. The living space can be ventilated at the same time. There are effects and features.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a house according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the flow of air, FIGS. 3 and 4 (a) and (b) are explanatory views showing an example of a dispersion duct, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of a heat exchanger. , FIG. 6 (a)-
(H) is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of a structure of a dispersion duct. A ... House, 1 ... Attic space, 2 ... Living space, 3 ...
… Underfloor space, 4 …… Airtight insulation layer, 6 …… Wall collector space, 8 …… Roof collector space, 10 …… Ventilation space, 12…
… Heat exchanger, 15 …… Ventilation fan.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An attic space, a living space, and an underfloor space are closed by an airtight heat insulating layer, a wall collector space is formed between the airtight heat insulating layer and an outer wall, and a roof collector is provided between the airtight heat insulating layer and the roof. A space is formed, the wall collector space and the roof collector space are communicated with each other, and a ventilation space is formed between the airtight heat insulating layer and the inner wall for communicating the underfloor space and the attic space with each other. The back space and the living space are connected by the air supply port, the back ventilation space is a wife ventilation duct, the roof collector space is a heat collection duct,
A distribution duct is installed in the underfloor space, a ventilation fan is installed in the living space, a heat exchanger is installed at an arbitrary position inside the house, and at least one intake / exhaust port connecting the inside and outside of the house is formed. , The intake and exhaust ports and the heat exchanger, the heat collection duct and the dispersion duct, the gable ventilation duct and the lower part of the wall collector space, the ventilation fan and the heat exchanger are connected by pipes, respectively,
A house characterized by taking in fresh air from the intake / exhaust ports into the attic space through a heat exchanger and discharging the air in the living space from the ventilation fan through the heat exchanger to the outside.