JPH08108087A - Method for controlling shredder and device therefor - Google Patents
Method for controlling shredder and device thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08108087A JPH08108087A JP24628894A JP24628894A JPH08108087A JP H08108087 A JPH08108087 A JP H08108087A JP 24628894 A JP24628894 A JP 24628894A JP 24628894 A JP24628894 A JP 24628894A JP H08108087 A JPH08108087 A JP H08108087A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current
- shredder
- change rate
- value
- rate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この出願に係る発明は、破砕不能
物が供給された場合、電動機の電流或いは電力定格値を
超えていなくても、電流或いは電力の時間的変化率が予
め設定された許容変化率を超えているか否かを判断し、
破砕可能物供給過多と破砕不能物とを区別することによ
って安定的な運転を実現させるシュレッダーの制御方法
と装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention according to the present application is characterized in that, when an uncrushable material is supplied, the temporal change rate of current or power is set in advance even if the current or power rating of the motor does not exceed the rated value. Judge whether the rate of change exceeds the allowable rate,
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shredder control method and device that realizes stable operation by distinguishing an excessively crushable material supply from an uncrushable material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】この種シュレッダーには一軸又は２軸剪
断式破砕機があり、家庭ごみや都市ごみ（紙、布、缶な
ど）を破砕するのに多用されている。例えば、二軸剪断
式のシュレッダーの場合は、ケーシング内に駆動機によ
り駆動される駆動軸と、駆動軸ギヤとこれと係合する従
動軸ギヤとを介して従動軸が設けられ、駆動軸と従動軸
の周上には、それぞれ多数の回転刃が装着されている。
両軸の回転刃が相対向方向に回転して摺接に近い状態で
櫛状に噛み合う一方、ケーシング側に固定された固定刃
と噛み合うことにより、被破砕物は剪断破砕されるよう
になっている（例えば、実公平３−５６２５７号公報参
照）。2. Description of the Related Art This type of shredder has a uniaxial or biaxial shearing crusher, which is widely used for crushing household waste and municipal waste (paper, cloth, cans, etc.). For example, in the case of a biaxial shearing type shredder, a drive shaft driven by a drive machine in a casing, a driven shaft is provided via a drive shaft gear and a driven shaft gear engaged with the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is A large number of rotary blades are mounted on the circumference of the driven shaft.
While the rotating blades of both shafts rotate in opposite directions and mesh with each other in a comb-like manner in a state close to sliding contact, by meshing with the fixed blade fixed to the casing side, the material to be crushed is sheared and crushed. (For example, see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-56257).
【０００３】シュレッダーに供給される被破砕物は、雑
多であり、破砕の容易さが著しく異なる。若し、金属塊
などを含んだ破砕不能物が混入されて供給された場合、
運転を強行すると機械が破損するので、機械の負荷量
（電流又は電力など）が所定値を超すと停止するように
なっている。また、運転停止後、一定時間逆回転させ、
その後正回転させるような制御を行うこともある。更
に、この逆・正回転を数回繰り返して、なおも負荷が減
少しない場合には機械を停止させるべく制御を行う機械
もある。[0003] The materials to be crushed supplied to the shredder are various and the easiness of crushing is significantly different. If uncrushable materials including metal lumps are mixed and supplied,
When the operation is forcibly performed, the machine is damaged, and the machine stops when the load amount (such as current or power) of the machine exceeds a predetermined value. Also, after stopping the operation, reverse rotation for a certain time,
After that, control for making a forward rotation may be performed. Further, there is a machine that repeats the reverse / forward rotation several times and performs control to stop the machine if the load still does not decrease.
【０００４】しかし、破砕不能物が除去されない限り、
正常運転に戻ることはできないことから、実公平３−５
６２５７号公報に記載の如く、シュレッダーの負荷が所
定値を超えた場合、停止、一定時間逆回転した後、正回
転を行い、また、繰り返しても負荷が下がらない場合、
破砕不能物を異物排除（掃出除去）手段で除去する方法
がとられている。[0004] However, unless the unbreakable material is removed,
Since it is not possible to return to normal operation, actual fairness 3-5
As described in JP-A-6257, if the load of the shredder exceeds a predetermined value, stop, reversely rotate for a certain period of time, then perform normal rotation, and if the load does not decrease even after repetition,
A method of removing uncrushable matter by means of foreign matter elimination (sweep removal) has been adopted.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記実公平３−５６２
５７号公報記載の考案は、破砕不能物が投入された場合
に作用する排除手段に関するものであるが、一般に破砕
不能物が投入されたかどうかは、駆動電動機の電力又は
電流を測定し、それが定格値を超えたかどうかで判定し
ている。Problems to be Solved by the Invention 3-562
Although the invention described in Japanese Patent No. 57-257 relates to an exclusion means that operates when an uncrushable material is input, it is generally determined whether or not an uncrushable material has been input by measuring the power or current of a driving motor, and determining whether or not the uncrushable material has been input. Judgment is made based on whether the rated value has been exceeded.
【０００６】しかし、それでは破砕可能物が多量に投入
された( 破砕可能物供給過多の）場合との区別がつかな
い。また、破砕不能物であっても小さい場合は感知せず
破砕を続けてしまい、電力又は電流には問題がないとし
ても回転刃の破損を招くという不都合がある。However, this is indistinguishable from the case where a large amount of crushable material is input (the crushable material is excessively supplied). In addition, even if it is not crushable, if it is small, it is not sensed and crushing is continued. Even if there is no problem with power or current, there is a disadvantage that the rotary blade is damaged.
【０００７】このように従来は破砕不能物と破砕可能物
供給過多との区別を行わないので、回転刃の破損防止が
できないと共に安定的なシュレッダーの運転が確保でき
ないという問題ガあった。As described above, conventionally, no distinction is made between the non-crushable material and the excessive supply of the crushable material, so that the rotary blade cannot be prevented from being damaged and a stable operation of the shredder cannot be ensured.
【０００８】この出願に係る発明の目的は、駆動電動機
の電流又は電力の時間的変化率が設定値を超えた場合に
は破砕不能物と判断して、破砕可能物供給過多と区別す
ることによりシュレッダーの安定的な運転を確保するシ
ュレッダーの制御方法と装置を提供することにある。[0008] An object of the invention according to this application is to judge that a current or electric power of a drive motor over time exceeds a set value as an uncrushable material and to distinguish it from excessive supply of a crushable material. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for controlling a shredder that ensures stable operation of the shredder.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的達成のため、請
求項１のシュレッダーの制御方法は、シュレッダーを駆
動する電動機の電流を連続的に測定し、これより電流の
時間的変化率dA/dt を演算し、その時間的変化率dA/dt
が予め設定された許容変化率を超えた場合には破砕不能
物と判断し、実際の電流値が定格値を超えていなくても
シュレッダーの運転を停止するようにしたことを特徴と
する。In order to achieve the above object, a method of controlling a shredder according to a first aspect of the present invention continuously measures the current of a motor for driving the shredder, and from this, the rate of change of the current with time dA / dt. And the rate of change over time dA / dt
When the value exceeds the preset allowable change rate, it is determined that the material cannot be shredded, and the operation of the shredder is stopped even if the actual current value does not exceed the rated value.
【００１０】請求項２のシュレッダーの制御方法は、シ
ュレッダーを駆動する電動機の電流と電圧を連続的に測
定し、これより電力と電力の時間的変化率dP/dt を演算
し、その時間的変化率dP/dt が予め設定された許容変化
率を超えた場合には破砕不能物と判断し、実際の電力値
が定格値を超えていなくてもシュレッダーの運転を停止
するようにしたことを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, the method of controlling the shredder continuously measures the current and voltage of the electric motor that drives the shredder, calculates the electric power and the time change rate dP / dt of the electric power, and changes the time. If the rate dP / dt exceeds a preset allowable rate of change, it is determined that the material cannot be shredded, and the operation of the shredder is stopped even if the actual power value does not exceed the rated value. And
【００１１】請求項３のシュレッダーの制御方法は、シ
ュレッダーを駆動する電動機の電流又は電力の時間的変
化率dA/dt 又はdP/dt を演算し、その演算された時間的
変化率dA/dt 又はdP/dt が予め設定された許容変化率を
超えずに電流又は電力が定格値を超えた場合には破砕可
能物の供給過多と判断して被破砕物の供給を停止すると
ともにシュレッダーの運転を停止した後、回転刃を逆転
・正転させて破砕運転を続行する一方、実際の電流又は
電力が定格値を超えていなくてもその時間的変化率dA/d
t 又はdP/dt が許容変化率を超えた場合には破砕不能物
と判断して被破砕物の供給を停止するとともにシュレッ
ダーの運転を停止し、その破砕不能物を排除した後、破
砕運転を再開するようにしたことを特徴とする。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method of controlling a shredder, the time change rate dA / dt or dP / dt of the electric current or electric power of the electric motor driving the shredder is calculated, and the calculated time change rate dA / dt or If dP / dt does not exceed the preset allowable rate of change and the current or power exceeds the rated value, it is judged that the supply of crushable material is excessive and the supply of crushed material is stopped and the shredder is operated. After stopping, the rotary blade is rotated in the reverse and forward direction to continue the crushing operation, while the rate of change over time dA / d even if the actual current or power does not exceed the rated value.
If t or dP / dt exceeds the allowable rate of change, it is determined that the material cannot be crushed, the supply of the crushable material is stopped, the operation of the shredder is stopped, the crushable material is removed, and then the crushing operation is performed. The feature is that it is restarted.
【００１２】請求項４のシュレッダー制御装置は、シュ
レッダーを駆動する電動機の電流を測定する電流測定手
段と、この電流測定手段から入力された実際の電流値に
基づき電流の時間的変化率dA/dt を演算する演算手段
と、実際の電流値及び該演算手段によって算出された電
流の時間的変化率dA/dt と予め設定された電流定格値及
び許容変化率とをそれぞれ比較する比較手段と、算出さ
れた電流の時間的変化率dA/dt が許容変化率内にあって
も実際の電流値が定格値を超えた場合には破砕可能物供
給過多と判断して回転刃を正転・逆転させ、また、実際
の電流値が定格値内にあっても算出された電流の時間的
変化率dA/dt が許容変化率を超えた場合には電動機を停
止させて異物排除手段を動作させるよう制御する制御手
段とを具備したことを特徴とする。According to another aspect of the shredder control device of the present invention, the current measuring means for measuring the current of the electric motor for driving the shredder, and the time rate of change dA / dt of the current based on the actual current value inputted from the current measuring means. A calculation means for calculating the actual current value and a comparison means for respectively comparing the current change rate dA / dt of the current calculated by the calculation means with the preset current rated value and the allowable change rate, If the actual current value exceeds the rated value even if the time-dependent rate of change dA / dt of the generated current is within the allowable rate of change, it is determined that the crushable material is excessively supplied, and the rotary blade is rotated in the forward / reverse direction. In addition, even if the actual current value is within the rated value, if the calculated time change rate dA / dt of the current exceeds the allowable change rate, the motor is stopped and the foreign matter elimination means is operated. And a control means for That.
【００１３】請求項５のシュレッダー制御装置は、シュ
レッダーを駆動する電動機の電流と電圧を測定する電流
電圧測定手段と、この電流電圧測定手段から入力された
実際の電流値と電圧値に基づき電力及び電力の時間的変
化率dP/dt を演算する演算手段と、この演算手段によっ
て算出された電力及び電力の時間的変化率dP/dt と予め
設定された電力定格値及び許容変化率とをそれぞれ比較
する比較手段と、算出された電力の時間的変化率dP/dt
が許容変化率内にあっても実際の電力値が定格値を超え
た場合には破砕可能物供給過多と判断して回転刃を正転
・逆転させ、また、実際の電力値が定格値内にあっても
算出された電力の時間的変化率dP/dt が許容変化率を超
えた場合には破砕不能物と判断して電動機を停止させて
異物排除手段を動作させるよう制御する制御手段とを具
備したことを特徴とする。According to another aspect of the shredder control device of the present invention, the current and voltage measuring means for measuring the current and voltage of the electric motor for driving the shredder, and the electric current and voltage based on the actual current and voltage values input from the current and voltage measuring means. The calculation means for calculating the time change rate dP / dt of the electric power is compared with the power and the time change rate dP / dt of the power calculated by the calculation means and the preset power rating value and the allowable change rate, respectively. And the calculated rate of change in power with time dP / dt
If the actual power value exceeds the rated value even if is within the allowable change rate, it is determined that the crushable material is excessively supplied and the rotary blade is rotated in the normal / reverse direction, and the actual power value is within the rated value. However, if the calculated time rate of change dP / dt of the electric power exceeds the allowable rate of change, it is determined that the object cannot be crushed, the motor is stopped, and the foreign matter elimination means is controlled to operate. Is provided.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】請求項１〜３の制御方法では、電流又は電力及
びその時間的変化率dA/dt 又はdP/dt と、予め設定され
た許容電流又は電力( 定格値) 、また、その許容変化率
とをそれぞれ比較することで、破砕不能物か、破砕可能
物供給過多かの区別判定（時間的変化率が許容変化率を
超えた場合には破砕不能物と判定し、電流又は電力が定
格値を超えた場合には破砕可能物供給過多と判定）し、
これによって、その後の適切な運転制御ができ、回転刃
の破損事故が防止されるとともに、安定的なシュレッダ
ーの運転が確保される。In the control method according to claims 1 to 3, the current or power and its temporal change rate dA / dt or dP / dt, and the preset allowable current or power (rated value) and its allowable change rate are set. By comparing and, respectively, it is determined whether the material cannot be crushed or the amount of crushable material is excessively supplied. If it exceeds, it is judged that the crushable material is in excess supply,
As a result, appropriate operation control can be performed thereafter, damage accidents of the rotary blade are prevented, and stable operation of the shredder is ensured.
【００１５】請求項４、５の制御装置は、上記制御方法
を実行するための装置であって、破砕不能物と判定した
場合には、シュレッダーの運転を停止するとともに異物
排除手段を作動させて破砕不能物である異物を排除し、
これにより回転刃の破損防止が図られる一方、破砕可能
物供給過多と判定した場合には、シュレッダーの運転を
停止するとともに電流又は電力が定格値以下になるまで
電動機の逆転・正転を繰り返した後に正常運転に復帰す
る。The control device according to claims 4 and 5 is a device for executing the above control method. When it is determined that the material cannot be crushed, the operation of the shredder is stopped and the foreign matter removing means is operated. Eliminate foreign matter that is not crushable,
While this prevents damage to the rotary blade, when it is determined that the crushable material is excessively supplied, the operation of the shredder is stopped, and the reverse rotation / forward rotation of the electric motor is repeated until the current or power falls below the rated value. It will return to normal operation later.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】以下、この出願に係る発明の制御方法と装置
について図面を参照しながら説明する。この出願に係る
発明が対象とするシュレッダーは図示していないが、従
来周知の一軸又は二軸剪断式破砕機である。但し、本案
の場合には、被破砕物の投入口（ホッパー）部には被破
砕物の投入を開始、停止、供給量調整するためのフィー
ダと、破砕不能物を除去するための異物排除手段（例え
ば、実公平３−５６２５７号公報に記載のもの）とを備
えたものが好適である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The control method and apparatus of the invention according to this application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Although the shredder to which the invention according to this application is applied is not shown, it is a conventionally known single-shaft or twin-shaft shearing crusher. However, in the case of the present invention, a feeder for starting, stopping, and adjusting the supply amount of the material to be crushed and a foreign matter removing means for removing uncrushable material are provided at a hopper portion of the material to be crushed. (For example, the one described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-56257) is preferable.
【００１７】図１はこの出願に係る発明装置の機能ブロ
ック図、図２はそのフローチャート、図３は電流又は電
力の負荷曲線図である。FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an invention device according to this application, FIG. 2 is a flowchart thereof, and FIG. 3 is a load curve diagram of current or power.
【００１８】図１に示すように、電源１がシュレッダー
の回転刃の駆動軸を駆動するための電動機２に供給さ
れ、少なくとも、その時の電流値が電流測定手段３であ
る電流計で測定され、その計測データが演算手段４に入
力されるようになっている。また、この演算手段４にパ
ルス発生器５からの時間要素が入力され、演算手段４で
実際の電流の時間的変化率( 電流の時間微分値)dA/dtが
演算されるようになっている。電流の時間的変化率dA/d
t は1/60秒間に1 回演算され、その算出された電流の時
間的変化率dA/dt が比較手段６に入力されるようになっ
ている。なお、電流計で計測された実際の電流値は直接
比較手段６に入力してもよい。As shown in FIG. 1, a power source 1 is supplied to an electric motor 2 for driving a drive shaft of a rotary blade of a shredder, and at least a current value at that time is measured by an ammeter which is a current measuring means 3, The measurement data is input to the calculation means 4. Further, the time element from the pulse generator 5 is input to the calculating means 4, and the calculating means 4 calculates an actual current temporal change rate (current differential value of current) dA / dt. . Time change rate of current dA / d
t is calculated once every 1/60 seconds, and the calculated time change rate dA / dt of the current is input to the comparison means 6. The actual current value measured by the ammeter may be directly input to the comparing means 6.
【００１９】ところで、図３に示す電流( 又は電力) 負
荷曲線のように、被破砕物の破砕難易によって、実際の
電流( 又は電力) 値は変動する。図３は縦軸に電流( 又
は電力) 値、横軸に時間をとって示したものであるが、
Ａ点における曲線の傾斜が緩やかな場合の電流( 又は電
力) の時間的変化率dA1 /dt （dP1/dt）は許容変化率の
範囲内にあり、Ｂ点における傾斜が急な場合の時間的変
化率dA2/dt（dP2/dt）は許容範囲を超えているものとす
る。Ｃ点は電流又は電力の定格値の上限である。電流又
は電力が定格値内にあって、かつ、その時間的変化率dA
/dt 又はdP/dtが許容範囲内であれば、シュレッダーは
正常に連続運転される。なお、図３から明らかなよう
に、破砕不能物が供給された場合、電流又は電力が定格
値内でもＢ点のように時間的変化率dA2/dt（dP2/dt）が
許容範囲を超える現象がまず発生する。従って、電流又
は電力が定格値内にある場合の時間的変化率dA/dt （dP
/dt）を監視すればよい。By the way, as in the current (or power) load curve shown in FIG. 3, the actual current (or power) value varies depending on the difficulty of crushing the object to be crushed. FIG. 3 shows the current (or power) value on the vertical axis and the time on the horizontal axis.
When the slope of the curve at point A is gentle, the temporal change rate dA 1 / dt (dP 1 / dt) of the current (or power) is within the range of the allowable change rate, and when the slope at point B is steep. It is assumed that the temporal change rate dA 2 / dt (dP 2 / dt) exceeds the allowable range. Point C is the upper limit of the current or power rating. Current or power is within the rated value, and its rate of change over time dA
If / dt or dP / dt is within the permissible range, the shredder operates normally continuously. As is clear from FIG. 3, when an uncrushable material is supplied, the temporal change rate dA 2 / dt (dP 2 / dt) falls within the allowable range even at the current or power within the rated value, as shown at point B. The first phenomenon occurs. Therefore, the rate of change over time dA / dt (dP
/ dt) should be monitored.
【００２０】上記比較手段６に、条件設定手段( 例えば
キーボード) ７において予め入力された許容電流値( 電
流定格値）と許容変化率の設定値が入力されるようにな
っている。そして、比較手段６において、実際の電流値
と定格値（許容電流値）とが比較されるとともに、算出
された電流の時間的変化率dA/dt と許容変化率とが比較
され、比較した結果は、制御手段８に出力されるように
なっている。To the comparison means 6, the allowable current value (current rated value) and the setting value of the allowable change rate which are input in advance by the condition setting means (for example, keyboard) 7 are input. Then, the comparing means 6 compares the actual current value with the rated value (allowable current value), and compares the calculated temporal change rate dA / dt of the current with the allowable change rate. Is output to the control means 8.
【００２１】この制御手段８は、正転・逆転スイッチ８
ａとON・OFF スイッチ８ｂとを含むものである。制御手
段８において、実際の電流値が定格値の範囲内である場
合には、正転・逆転スイッチ８ａは働かない。つまり、
図３のＡ点のような通常負荷状態では、電流値が定格値
の範囲内で、かつ時間的変化率も許容変化率より小さい
場合は、運転が継続される。しかし、実際の電流値が定
格値の範囲内であっても、図３のＢ点のように電流の時
間的変化率dA2/dtが許容範囲を超えている場合には、破
砕不能物が混入していると判断し、比較手段６よりその
信号が制御手段８に送られて、ON・OFF スイッチ８ｂが
働き、電動機２を停止させるとともにフィーダ９による
供給を停止するようになっている。そして、制御手段８
からの指令により油圧バルブ１０を開にし、異物排除手
段１１を駆動するための油圧シリンダへ圧油を供給して
異物排除手段１１を動作させ、破砕不能物（異物）を除
去する。その後に電動機は再起動されシュレッダーは正
常運転に戻る。The control means 8 includes a forward / reverse rotation switch 8
a and an ON / OFF switch 8b. In the control means 8, when the actual current value is within the range of the rated value, the forward / reverse switch 8a does not operate. That is,
In a normal load state such as point A in FIG. 3, if the current value is within the range of the rated value and the temporal change rate is smaller than the allowable change rate, the operation is continued. However, even if the actual current value is within the range of the rated value, if the current temporal change rate dA 2 / dt exceeds the allowable range as shown at point B in FIG. When it is determined that they are mixed, the signal is sent from the comparing means 6 to the control means 8, and the ON / OFF switch 8b operates to stop the electric motor 2 and stop the supply by the feeder 9. And control means 8
The hydraulic valve 10 is opened in response to a command from the controller, the pressure oil is supplied to a hydraulic cylinder for driving the foreign matter removing means 11, and the foreign matter removing means 11 is operated to remove uncrushable matter (foreign matter). After that, the motor is restarted and the shredder returns to normal operation.
【００２２】一方、電流の時間的変化率が許容範囲にあ
っても、実際の電流値が定格値より大きくなった場合に
は、被破砕物の供給過多と判断して、その信号が比較手
段６から制御手段８に送られ、ここの正転・逆転スイッ
チ８ａが働き、電動機２の電流が定格値以下になるまで
逆転・正転を繰り返し、定格値以下になると再び正常運
転に戻るようになっている。On the other hand, if the actual current value exceeds the rated value even if the time rate of change of the current is within the permissible range, it is determined that the crushed material is excessively supplied, and the signal is compared. 6 is sent to the control means 8 and the normal / reverse rotation switch 8a is operated to repeat the reverse / normal rotation until the electric current of the electric motor 2 falls below the rated value, and when it falls below the rated value, normal operation is resumed again. Has become.
【００２３】図２のフローチャートに基づき制御方法を
詳述する。まず、運転開始にあたり電動機を起動する
（Ｓ１）。次に、被破砕物を投入開始し破砕を始める
（Ｓ２）。シュレッダーの運転中、電動機の電流値を計
測し、それが定格値を超えているかどうかを判断し（Ｓ
３）、実際の電流値が定格値より大きくない場合でも、
次に実際の電流の時間的変化率が設定値( 許容変化率)
より大きいか否かが判断される（Ｓ４）。実際の電流の
時間的変化率が設定値( 許容変化率) より大きくなけれ
ば、被破砕物の投入は続けられ、運転は正常に続行され
る。一方、実際の電流の時間的変化率が設定値( 許容変
化率) より大きいと判断された場合（Ｓ４）には、破砕
不能物とみなして電動機は停止され（Ｓ５）、被破砕物
の投入は停止され（Ｓ６）、異物は排出される（Ｓ
７）。The control method will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, at the start of operation, the electric motor is started (S1). Next, the material to be crushed is started to be crushed (S2). During the operation of the shredder, the current value of the electric motor is measured, and it is determined whether or not the current value exceeds the rated value (S
3), even if the actual current value is not larger than the rated value,
Next, the temporal change rate of the actual current is the set value (allowable change rate).
It is determined whether it is greater than (S4). If the temporal change rate of the actual current is not greater than the set value (allowable change rate), the input of the crushed object is continued, and the operation is continued normally. On the other hand, if it is determined that the temporal change rate of the actual current is larger than the set value (permissible change rate) (S4), the motor is regarded as being uncrushable and the motor is stopped (S5), and Is stopped (S6), and the foreign matter is discharged (S6).
7).
【００２４】実際の電流値が定格値より大きい場合に
は、破砕可能物供給過多と判断され（Ｓ３）、電動機は
停止され（Ｓ８）、被破砕物の投入は停止される（Ｓ
９）。そして、電動機が一定時間逆転された（Ｓ１０）
後、正転され（Ｓ１１）、この時の電流値が定格値より
大きいか否か判断される（Ｓ１２）。大きくなければ供
給過多は解消されたものと判断して、再び被破砕物の投
入が開始され正常運転に戻る。大きい場合には定格値以
下になるまで逆転・正転を繰り返し行う（Ｓ１０〜Ｓ１
１）。このような制御方法によれば、破砕不能物が投入
された場合と破砕可能物の供給過多の場合とを区別判定
でき、回転刃の破損を防止できるとともに、シュレッダ
ーの安定的な運転を実現させることができる。When the actual current value is larger than the rated value, it is judged that the crushable material is excessively supplied (S3), the electric motor is stopped (S8), and the crushed material is stopped to be supplied (S).
9). Then, the electric motor is reversed for a certain time (S10).
Thereafter, the motor is rotated forward (S11), and it is determined whether the current value at this time is larger than the rated value (S12). If it is not larger, it is determined that the excess supply has been eliminated, and the introduction of the crushed material is started again to return to the normal operation. If it is larger, reverse rotation and forward rotation are repeatedly performed until the value becomes less than the rated value (S10 to S1
1). According to such a control method, it is possible to distinguish between the case where the non-crushable material is input and the case where the crushable material is excessively supplied, the damage of the rotary blade can be prevented, and the stable operation of the shredder is realized. be able to.
【００２５】図１の機能ブロック図は、電流を制御要素
にしていたが、電流に代えて電力を制御要素にしてもよ
い。図４は電力の制御要素にした場合の機能ブロック図
を示す。図１と異なる点は、電流計の他に電圧計を設け
て、電流計と電圧計とを含む電流電圧測定手段３Ａと
し、これにより電流と電圧を測定し、この測定データを
の実際の電流値と電圧値として演算手段４に入力し、演
算手段４で電力（電圧×電流）と電力の時間的変化率dP
/dt の演算を行うようにした点である。従って、比較手
段６では、条件設定手段７より予め入力された許容電力
（定格値）、許容変化率と上記算出された実際の電力、
その時間的変化率との比較がそれぞれ行われ、その結果
が制御手段８に送信される。なお、図２において図１と
同一の構成要素には同一符号を付して詳しい説明は省略
する。また、この場合のフローチャートは図２のフロー
チャートにおいて、「電流」を「電力」に置き換えれば
よい。Although the function block diagram of FIG. 1 uses the electric current as the control element, electric power may be used as the control element instead of the electric current. FIG. 4 shows a functional block diagram when it is used as a power control element. The difference from FIG. 1 is that a voltmeter is provided in addition to the ammeter, and a current / voltage measuring means 3A including the ammeter and the voltmeter is used to measure current and voltage. The value and the voltage value are input to the calculating means 4, and the calculating means 4 determines the power (voltage × current) and the temporal change rate dP of the power.
The point is that the calculation of / dt is performed. Therefore, in the comparing means 6, the permissible power (rated value), the permissible change rate and the calculated actual power, which are input in advance by the condition setting means 7,
Each of the comparisons with the temporal change rate is performed, and the result is transmitted to the control means 8. In FIG. 2, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In this case, the flowchart in FIG. 2 may be obtained by replacing “current” with “power”.
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の効果】請求項１〜３の制御方法では、電流又は
電力及びその時間的変化率dA/dt 又はdP/dt と、予め設
定された許容電力又は電流( 定格値）、また、その許容
変化率とをそれぞれ比較することで、破砕不能物か破砕
可能物供給過多かの区別判定が可能となり、これによっ
て、その後の適切な運転制御ができ、回転刃の破損事故
が防止できるとともに安定的なシュレッダーの運転が確
保できる。According to the control method of claims 1 to 3, the current or power and its temporal change rate dA / dt or dP / dt, and the preset allowable power or current (rated value), or its allowable By comparing the rate of change with the change rate, it is possible to determine whether or not there is an excessive supply of crushable material and crushable material.By doing this, appropriate operation control can be performed thereafter, and damage to the rotary blade can be prevented and stable. You can secure the operation of the shredder.
【００２７】請求項４、５の制御装置では、破砕不能物
か破砕可能物供給過多かの区別判定が可能となり、破砕
可能物供給過多と判定した場合には、シュレッダーの運
転を停止するとともに電流又は電力が定格値以下になる
まで電動機の逆転・正転を繰り返すことによりシュレッ
ダーの円滑な運転が確保でき、また、破砕不能物と判定
した場合には、シュレッダーの運転を停止するとともに
異物排除手段を作動させて破砕不能物である異物を排除
できるので、回転刃の破損防止を図ることができる。In the control device according to the fourth and fifth aspects, it is possible to determine whether the uncrushable material or the crushable material is excessively supplied. When it is determined that the crushable material is excessively supplied, the operation of the shredder is stopped and the current is supplied. Alternatively, smooth operation of the shredder can be ensured by repeating the reverse rotation / forward rotation of the electric motor until the electric power falls below the rated value.If it is determined that the shredder cannot be shredded, the operation of the shredder is stopped and the foreign matter removing means is performed. Since the foreign matter which cannot be crushed can be removed by operating the, it is possible to prevent the rotary blade from being damaged.
【図１】電流を制御要素にした場合の本願発明の機能ブ
ロック図である。FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention when a current is used as a control element.
【図２】同フローチャート図である。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the same.
【図３】電流又は電力の負荷曲線図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a load curve of current or power.
【図４】電力を制御要素とした場合の本願発明の機能ブ
ロック図である。FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the present invention when power is used as a control element.
１…電源 ２…電動機 ３…電流計測手段 ３Ａ…電流電圧計測手段 ４…演算手段 ５…パルス発生器 ６…比較手段 ７…条件設定手段 ８…制御手段 ８ａ…正転・逆転スイッチ ８ｂ…ON・OFF スイッチ ９…フィーダ １０…油圧バルブ １１…異物排除手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power supply 2 ... Electric motor 3 ... Current measuring means 3A ... Current voltage measuring means 4 ... Calculating means 5 ... Pulse generator 6 ... Comparing means 7 ... Condition setting means 8 ... Control means 8a ... Forward / reverse switch 8b ... ON OFF switch 9 ... Feeder 10 ... Hydraulic valve 11 ... Foreign matter removing means
Claims (5)
連続的に測定し、これより電流の時間的変化率dA/dt を
演算し、その時間的変化率dA/dt が予め設定された許容
変化率を超えた場合には破砕不能物と判断し、実際の電
流値が定格値を超えていなくてもシュレッダーの運転を
停止するようにしたことを特徴とするシュレッダーの制
御方法。1. A current of a motor for driving a shredder is continuously measured, a temporal change rate dA / dt of the current is calculated from this, and the temporal change rate dA / dt is set to an allowable change rate set in advance. A shredder control method characterized in that if the current exceeds the rated value, the shredder is judged to be uncrushable and the operation of the shredder is stopped even if the actual current value does not exceed the rated value.
電圧を連続的に測定し、これより電力と電力の時間的変
化率dP/dt を演算し、その時間的変化率dP/dt が予め設
定された許容変化率を超えた場合には破砕不能物と判断
し、実際の電力値が定格値を超えていなくてもシュレッ
ダーの運転を停止するようにしたことを特徴とするシュ
レッダーの制御方法。2. The current and voltage of the electric motor for driving the shredder are continuously measured, and the electric power and the time change rate dP / dt of the electric power are calculated from this, and the time change rate dP / dt is preset. If the allowable change rate is exceeded, it is determined that the shredder cannot be crushed, and the operation of the shredder is stopped even if the actual power value does not exceed the rated value.
は電力の時間的変化率dA/dt 又はdP/dt を演算し、その
演算された時間的変化率dA/dt 又はdP/dt が予め設定さ
れた許容変化率を超えずに電流又は電力が定格値を超え
た場合には破砕可能物の供給過多と判断して被破砕物の
供給を停止するとともにシュレッダーの運転を停止した
後、回転刃を逆転・正転させて破砕運転を続行する一
方、実際の電流又は電力が定格値を超えていなくてもそ
の時間的変化率dA/dt 又はdP/dtが許容変化率を超えた
場合には破砕不能物と判断して被破砕物の供給を停止す
るとともにシュレッダーの運転を停止し、その破砕不能
物を排除した後、破砕運転を再開するようにしたことを
特徴とするシュレッダーの制御方法。3. The time change rate dA / dt or dP / dt of the electric current or power of the electric motor for driving the shredder is calculated, and the calculated time change rate dA / dt or dP / dt is preset. If the current or power exceeds the rated value without exceeding the permissible rate of change, it is judged that the crushable object is over-supplied and the supply of the crushable object is stopped, the operation of the shredder is stopped, and then the rotary blade is reversed.・ While normal rotation and crushing operation continue, crushing is impossible if the temporal change rate dA / dt or dP / dt exceeds the allowable change rate even if the actual current or power does not exceed the rated value. A method for controlling a shredder, characterized in that the shredder is judged to be an object and the supply of the object to be shredded is stopped, the operation of the shredder is stopped, the uncrushable object is eliminated, and then the shredding operation is restarted.
測定する電流測定手段と、この電流測定手段から入力さ
れた実際の電流値に基づき電流の時間的変化率dA/dt を
演算する演算手段と、実際の電流値及び該演算手段によ
って算出された電流の時間的変化率dA/dt と予め設定さ
れた電流定格値及び許容変化率とをそれぞれ比較する比
較手段と、算出された電流の時間的変化率dA/dt が許容
変化率内にあっても実際の電流値が定格値を超えた場合
には破砕可能物供給過多と判断して回転刃を正転・逆転
させ、また、実際の電流値が定格値内にあっても算出さ
れた電流の時間的変化率dA/dt が許容変化率を超えた場
合には電動機を停止させて異物排除手段を動作させるよ
う制御する制御手段とを具備したことを特徴とするシュ
レッダー制御装置。4. A current measuring means for measuring a current of a motor for driving a shredder, and a calculating means for calculating a temporal change rate dA / dt of the current based on an actual current value input from the current measuring means, Comparison means for respectively comparing the actual current value and the temporal change rate dA / dt of the current calculated by the calculating means with the preset current rated value and the allowable change rate, and the temporal change of the calculated current Even if the rate dA / dt is within the permissible rate of change, if the actual current value exceeds the rated value, it is judged that the crushable material is excessively supplied and the rotary blade is rotated in the normal / reverse direction. When the calculated current rate of change dA / dt of the current exceeds the allowable rate of change even if is within the rated value, the motor is stopped and the foreign matter removing means is controlled to operate. A shredder control device characterized by the above.
電圧を測定する電流電圧測定手段と、この電流電圧測定
手段から入力された実際の電流値と電圧値に基づき電力
及び電力の時間的変化率dP/dt を演算する演算手段と、
この演算手段によって算出された電力及び電力の時間的
変化率dP/dt と予め設定された電力定格値及び許容変化
率とをそれぞれ比較する比較手段と、算出された電力の
時間的変化率dP/dt が許容変化率内にあっても実際の電
力値が定格値を超えた場合には破砕可能物供給過多と判
断して回転刃を正転・逆転させ、また、実際の電力値が
定格値内にあっても算出された電力の時間的変化率dP/d
t が許容変化率を超えた場合には破砕不能物と判断して
電動機を停止させて異物排除手段を動作させるよう制御
する制御手段とを具備したことを特徴とするシュレッダ
ー制御装置。5. A current-voltage measuring means for measuring current and voltage of a motor for driving a shredder, and electric power and a time change rate dP of electric power based on an actual current value and voltage value input from the current-voltage measuring means. computing means for computing / dt,
Comparing means for respectively comparing the power and the temporal change rate dP / dt of the power calculated by this computing means with the preset power rating value and the allowable change rate, and the calculated temporal change rate dP / dt of the power. Even if dt is within the allowable change rate, if the actual power value exceeds the rated value, it is judged that the crushable material is excessively supplied and the rotary blade is rotated in the normal / reverse direction. Even if it is within the range, the calculated change rate of power over time dP / d
A shredder control device comprising: a control unit that, when t exceeds an allowable change rate, determines that the object cannot be crushed and stops the electric motor to operate the foreign matter removing unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6246288A JP2655816B2 (en) | 1994-10-12 | 1994-10-12 | Shredder control method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6246288A JP2655816B2 (en) | 1994-10-12 | 1994-10-12 | Shredder control method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08108087A true JPH08108087A (en) | 1996-04-30 |
| JP2655816B2 JP2655816B2 (en) | 1997-09-24 |
Family
ID=17146323
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6246288A Expired - Fee Related JP2655816B2 (en) | 1994-10-12 | 1994-10-12 | Shredder control method and device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2655816B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2000048737A1 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-24 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meiko Shokai | Shredder drive control device and method of drivingly controlling the shredder |
| JP2006181478A (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-07-13 | Fuji Xerox Engineering Co Ltd | Shredding treatment apparatus and method of removing paper jam |
| JP2006305459A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Toto Ltd | Garbage disposer |
| JP2006305460A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Toto Ltd | Garbage disposer |
| CN102074932A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2011-05-25 | 广东省韶关钢铁集团有限公司 | Method and system for monitoring motor load |
| CN102856883A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2013-01-02 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Mixing machine and protective device and protection method of same |
| JP2015110217A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-06-18 | 株式会社サカエ | Shredder and sheet-like material processor |
| CN109107745A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-01 | 扬州维邦园林机械有限公司 | The intelligent control method of branch crushing machine |
| JP2019018146A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-02-07 | アイリスオーヤマ株式会社 | Shredder |
| JP2019107651A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-04 | アイリスオーヤマ株式会社 | Shredder |
| JP2020116547A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-08-06 | 株式会社キンキ | Driving control method for shear type rotary crusher |
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| JPS63147561A (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1988-06-20 | 有限会社アバンス技術研究所 | Cutting type crusher |
| JPH07124493A (en) * | 1993-11-01 | 1995-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Shredder and detection of motor lock of shredder |
| JP3015646U (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1995-09-05 | 重信 齋喜 | Concrete block for earth retaining |
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| JPS5352708U (en) * | 1976-10-05 | 1978-05-06 | ||
| JPS63147561A (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1988-06-20 | 有限会社アバンス技術研究所 | Cutting type crusher |
| JPH07124493A (en) * | 1993-11-01 | 1995-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Shredder and detection of motor lock of shredder |
| JP3015646U (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1995-09-05 | 重信 齋喜 | Concrete block for earth retaining |
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| WO2000048737A1 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-24 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meiko Shokai | Shredder drive control device and method of drivingly controlling the shredder |
| US6561444B1 (en) | 1999-02-16 | 2003-05-13 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meiko Shokai | Shredder drive control device and method of drivingly controlling the shredder |
| JP2006181478A (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-07-13 | Fuji Xerox Engineering Co Ltd | Shredding treatment apparatus and method of removing paper jam |
| JP2006305459A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Toto Ltd | Garbage disposer |
| JP2006305460A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Toto Ltd | Garbage disposer |
| CN102074932A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2011-05-25 | 广东省韶关钢铁集团有限公司 | Method and system for monitoring motor load |
| CN102856883A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2013-01-02 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Mixing machine and protective device and protection method of same |
| JP2015110217A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-06-18 | 株式会社サカエ | Shredder and sheet-like material processor |
| JP2019018146A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-02-07 | アイリスオーヤマ株式会社 | Shredder |
| CN109107745A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-01 | 扬州维邦园林机械有限公司 | The intelligent control method of branch crushing machine |
| JP2020116547A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-08-06 | 株式会社キンキ | Driving control method for shear type rotary crusher |
| JP2019107651A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-04 | アイリスオーヤマ株式会社 | Shredder |
| WO2024154533A1 (en) * | 2023-01-19 | 2024-07-25 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Working machine, system including working machine, and method for controlling working machine |
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|---|---|
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