JPS63147561A - Cutting type crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting metal scraps generated in various factories, and particularly to a cutting crusher equipped with a rotary cutter.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a technology in this type of field, the one shown in FIG. 7 is known. The outline will be explained below based on the figure.

In the drawings, 1 represents a frame, and this frame 1 includes bearings 2. The two shafts 3 and 4 are supported in parallel to each other via....

Further, in a portion of each shaft 3° 4 extending within the frame 1, there is a disk 5 in which a plurality of blades 5a (FIG. 8) are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction, and a collar having a diameter smaller than that of the disk 5. 6 are alternately externally fitted and supported, and each constitutes a rotary cutter A, B as a whole.

Here, in the rotary cutters A and B, the thickness of the disk 5 and the thickness of the collar 6 are made equal, and the disk 5 of the other rotary cutter is located between the adjacent disks 5, 5 of one rotary cutter. It is done like this. Also,
In the rotary cutters A and B, the sum of the inner diameter of the disk 5 and the inner diameter of the collar 6 is twice the distance between the shafts 3 and 4, as shown in FIG. As such, the cutting edge of the blade 5a of the disk 5 in one rotary cutter comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the collar 6 in the other rotary cutter.

Furthermore, spur gears 7 and 8 that mesh with each other are attached to one end of the shaft 3.4 that projects outward from the frame 1, respectively. This allows the shafts 3 and 4 (rotary cutters A and B) to rotate in opposite directions.

On the other hand, a motor 10 is connected to the other end of the shaft 3 protruding outward from the frame 1 via a speed reduction mechanism 9.

The rotary cutter A is rotationally driven by this motor 10, and the rotary cutter B is further rotationally driven in the opposite direction to the rotary cutter A through the spur gear 7.8.

Incidentally, within the frame 1, comb-shaped fixed blades 12, 12 are provided which are located outside the disk 5 and the collar 6; and which mesh with both the disk 5 and the collar 6. Further, in this cutting type crusher, although not shown, a hopper is attached to the frame 1.

Next, the disk 5 of the conventional cutting type crusher configured as described above will be explained in more detail.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic configuration of the disk 5. As shown in FIG. Based on this Fig. 8, the outline can be explained as follows: disk 5
A plurality of blades 5a having the same shape are arranged in parallel around the outer periphery of the blade. Each blade 5a is formed so that its cutting edge surface 14a coincides with the radial surface of the disk 5.

On the other hand, the rear surface (conveying surface) 14b, which is continuous with the cutting edge surface 14a and forms the - blade 5a together with the cutting edge surface 14a, is configured to converge on the base end of the cutting edge surface 14a of the adjacent blade 5a. ing. In addition.

This disk 5 is normally rotated in the direction shown by the arrow in FIG. 8 during the cutting process.

Next, the operation of this cutting type crusher will be explained.

When the motor 10 is driven, the rotational force of the drive shaft is transmitted to the shaft 3 through the deceleration mechanism 9 to rotate the rotary cutter A, and further transmitted to the shaft 4 through the spur gear 7.8 to rotate the rotary cutter B. be done. In this case, the rotational directions of the rotary cutters A and B are opposite to each other, and the input material is drawn between the disks 5.5 by the cutting surface 14a of the disk 5 (see FIGS. 7 and 9). ), and the cutter A rotates in this rotation direction.

Let it be the positive direction of B.

Here, when the input material is put into the hopper, the input material is loaded on the rear surface 14b of the blade 5a, and is drawn between the cutters A and B for one rotation by the following cutting edge surface 14a, and is then transferred to the rotary cutter. It is cut into a predetermined size by the interaction of the blades 5a of A and B. Then, the cut material (cutting powder) is transferred to the opposing disk 5 and collar 6.
is discharged downward through the gap formed by the

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the cutting type crusher having such a configuration, when cutting the input material, the input material is drawn in by the rotating cutter, so it is difficult to cut the input material, especially when cutting curled cuts. When cutting powder, etc., the input material is likely to become clogged. If the thrower becomes jammed, the rotation of the motor 10 is inhibited, and the upstream level of the drive of the motor 10 increases, resulting in damage to the motor 10.

Therefore, in the past, it was necessary for the operator to constantly monitor the state of the cutting process, and if the input material became clogged, it was necessary to immediately stop the motor 10 and clear the clog. On the other hand, if a motor with a large rated current is used to prevent damage to the motor 10 due to rotation inhibition, clogging will be reduced, but power consumption will be increased. Also,
Even if such a motor 10 with a large rated current is used, if hard foreign matter is mixed into the input material to be cut, the foreign matter may prevent the motor from rotating 1° or cause the blade 5a to rotate. There are disadvantages such as damage to the parts.

A similar problem also occurs in a cutting type crusher that cuts the input material between the blade 5a and a comb-like fixed blade.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a cutting type crusher that can easily prevent or release clogging and can efficiently cut input material without applying too much load to the motor or the like.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The detailed description of the invention disclosed in this application is as follows.

That is, the cutting crusher of the first invention includes a rotary drive device that selectively rotates a rotary cutter in a forward direction and a reverse direction, a detection device that detects a load state applied to the rotary cutter, and a detection device that detects a load condition applied to the rotary cutter. and a control device that controls the rotational direction of the rotary cutter according to the results.

Further, the cutting crusher of the second invention includes a rotary drive device that selectively rotates the rotary cutter in a forward direction and a reverse direction, a detection device that detects a load state applied to the rotary cutter, and a detection device that detects the load condition applied to the rotary cutter. The apparatus includes a control device that controls the rotational direction of the rotary cutter and controls power transmission from the rotary drive device to the rotary cutter in accordance with the results.

[Operation] According to the first invention, the detection device works to directly or indirectly detect the state of the load applied to the rotary cutter, and the control device controls the rotation of the rotary cutter according to the detection result of the detection device. It works to prevent clogging of the input material in advance (or release it after the fact) by changing the direction of rotation as appropriate.

According to the second invention, the detection device works to directly or indirectly detect the state of the load applied to the rotary cutter, and the control device appropriately changes the rotation direction of the rotary cutter according to the detection result of the detection device. This function works to prevent clogging of the input material in advance (or release it after the fact), and to cut off power transmission from the rotary drive device to the rotary cutter.

As a result, according to both inventions, the above-mentioned object of efficiently cutting the input material without imposing too much load on the motor or the like is achieved.

[Example] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a first embodiment of a cutting type crusher according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of a disk in the cutting type crusher of the first embodiment.

The cutting type crusher of this embodiment is different from the conventional one (Figs. 7 to 9).
The first difference from that in Figure) is the motor (rotary drive device) 31 that can selectively rotate the rotary cutters A and B in the forward and reverse directions, and the state of the load applied to the rotary cutters A and B. A detection device 32 detects the
, B is provided. Here, the detection device 32 detects the rotational cutters A and B based on the level of the drive current of the motor 31, although it is not particularly limited.
Furthermore, the state of the load applied to the disk 21 is detected. Although not particularly limited, the control device 33 rotates the motor 31 in the forward direction (direction for cutting) when the level of the drive current is below a predetermined level (for example, the rated current level), and also rotates the motor 31 in the forward direction (direction for cutting). ! ! [
! When the current level exceeds a predetermined level (e.g. rated current level), the motor 31 is rotated in the opposite direction for a predetermined time (e.g. 3 seconds), and then the motor 31 is rotated in the forward direction (direction for cutting) again. work like that.

The second difference between the cutting type crusher of this embodiment and the conventional one is that, as shown in FIG.
The point is that the blades 23 having a large value a are arranged alternately. That is, in the disk 21 of the embodiment, the blade 22
．． The central angle of 23 has been changed (θ1.θ2)
Therefore, the size of the rear surface 22b of the blade 22 is larger than the size of the rear surface 23b of the blade 23.

Furthermore, the cutting type crusher of the embodiment is also different from the conventional one in that the rotational force is transmitted from the motor 31 to the shaft 3 by a chain 34, and in that a cylindrical metal 35 is provided inside the bearing 2. different from. Here, the cylindrical metal 35 has a function of supplementing the bearing action of the 11ill bearing 2, and also has a function of preventing dirt and the like from adhering to the bearing 2.

The other configurations are substantially the same as those of the conventional cutting type crusher shown in FIGS. 7 to 9. Therefore, the same elements are given the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 7 to 9, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

In the cutting type crusher configured in this way, for example,
When input materials of different sizes are input, relatively small input materials are placed on the rear surfaces 22b, 23b of the blades 22.23 and cut into the cutting surfaces 2 of the following blades 23, 22.
It is drawn between the rotary cutters A' and B by 3a and 22a and is cut.

On the other hand, large input materials or deformed input materials (for example, curled metal scraps) that float on the rear surface 23b of the blade 23 and cannot be drawn between the rotary cutters A and B by the cutting edge surface 22a are removed by the blade 22. While placed on the rear surface 22b, the cutting blade 23a carries the cutting blade to a cutting position and cuts the cutting blade.

Further, during this disconnection, the level of the drive current of the motor 31 is detected by the detection device 32. Then, if the level of this drive current exceeds a predetermined level (for example, a rated current level or a set current level) (for example, if the input material becomes clogged).

A control signal is issued from the control device 33 to the motor 31, and the motor 31 is once stopped and then rotated in the opposite direction for a predetermined period of time. As a result, the clogged input material is once pushed back upwards. As a result, the blockage is cleared. Then, after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, the motor 31 is rotated in the forward direction by a signal from the control device 31, and the input material is cut again.

According to the cutting type crusher of the embodiment configured in this way, the level of the driving current of the motor 31 is constantly detected, and the rotation direction of the motor 31 is changed according to the detection result, so that the input material can be changed. It is possible to prevent clogging in advance or release it after the fact, and it is possible to efficiently cut the input material without applying too much load to the motor 31. In addition, in this embodiment, two
Since the disk 21 has various types of blades 22 and 23 on its outer periphery, large and small or deformed input materials can be reliably and efficiently cut easily without putting too much load on the motor or shaft. .

Further, FIGS. 3 and 4 schematically show the structure of a second embodiment of the cutting type crusher according to the present invention.

The cutting crusher of the second embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in that there is a gap between one rotary cutter A and a comb-shaped fixed blade 12 that meshes with the disk 21 and collar 6 of the rotary cutter A. The point is that the input material is cut at .

According to the second embodiment, not only the same effect as the first embodiment can be achieved, but also the effect that the size of the workpiece after cutting can be made smaller can be achieved by 11+.

However, in this embodiment, the amount of processing per unit time is reduced compared to the first embodiment.

Further, FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of a third embodiment of the cutting type crusher according to the present invention.

The cutting type crusher of the third embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in that a throughput regulating member 36 is provided above the rotary cutters A and B to prevent clogging of the input material. It is. That is, in this embodiment, the throughput regulating member 36 extends along the axial direction of the shafts 3 and 4, and the throughput regulating member 36 directs the input material in an appropriate amount toward the rotary cutters A and B. It is now being supplied.

In this embodiment as well, it is possible to obtain the same effects as in the first embodiment, and since the input material is supplied in appropriate amounts to the rotary cutters A and B, the single-rotation cutter A,
Clogging of input material between B is effectively prevented.

Further, FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the cutting type crusher according to the present invention.

The cutting crusher of the fourth embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in that the rotary cutters A and B are driven by separate motors 31,
31, and each load state of the one-rotation cutters A and B is detected by a separate detection device 3.
2.32 and furthermore a separate control device 3
3.33 controls the rotation direction of the rotary cutters A and B or stops the operation of the motors 31 and 31. This embodiment is also different from the first embodiment in that power is transmitted from the motors 31, 31 to the rotary cutters A, B by gear mechanisms 37, 37.

Next, the detection device 32 and control device 33 will be explained in more detail.

First, the detection device 32 will be described. In this embodiment, a rotation detection device that can sequentially detect the amount of rotation of a rotary cutter within a predetermined time period is used as the detection device 32, for example. In addition, the control device 33 rotates the motor 31 in the forward direction (direction for cutting), and if the amount of rotation of the rotary cutter gradually decreases within a predetermined period of time, the input material is clogged. If the blockage is detected, the motor 31 is rotated in the opposite direction for a predetermined period of time to clear the blockage, and then the motor 3 is rotated again.
1 in the forward direction, and if there is a steep decrease in the amount of rotation of the rotary cutter within a predetermined period of time, it is determined that a hard foreign object is clogged, and the operation of the motor 31 is immediately stopped.

In this embodiment as well, it is possible to obtain the same effect as in the first embodiment, and the load is increased only on one rotary cutter, so that the rotation of one rotary cutter is in the forward direction and the other rotary cutter is rotated in the forward direction. When the rotation of the rotary cutter is reversed, the disk 21 of the rotary cutter rotates in the opposite direction.
Thus, while changing the floating state of the input material, the input material can be cut by the disk 21 of the other rotary cutter rotating in the forward direction of the disk 21, thereby making it possible to cut the input material more efficiently.

Further, according to this embodiment, each detection device 32 sequentially detects the amount of rotation within a predetermined period of time, and if the decrease in the amount of rotation is steep, it is determined that hard foreign matter is mixed in the input material, and the motor 31 Since the motor 31 is stopped, the reversal of the motor 31 is not repeated due to hard foreign matter, and by removing this foreign matter, it becomes possible to immediately process the input material.

As a result, processing efficiency is further improved. This also prevents damage to the blades in the disk 21 -2.

As a modification of this embodiment, the control device 32 may be configured to include a clutch or the like, so that when the rotation of the rotary cutter is obstructed by a hard foreign object, the clutch or the like releases the engagement between the two wheels in the gear mechanism 37. In this way, transmission of power from the motor 31 may be cut off. Also,
A display device may be provided to display when the motor 31 stops operating, or when the motor 31 idles as in a modified example.

Although the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically explained above based on Examples, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above Examples and can be modified in various ways without departing from the gist thereof. Nor. For example, a claw may also be provided around the collar 6 to prevent the input material from clogging. Furthermore, the above embodiments may be combined as appropriate. Further, in the above embodiments, a single-stage rotary cutter has been described, but a structure may be adopted in which the rotary cutters are provided in multiple stages and the input material can be cut into smaller pieces as it goes downward. Further, the number of rotations of each of the pair of rotary cutters may be changed. Further, for example, a torque detection device or the like may be used as the detection device. Furthermore, the control device may be composed of mechanical elements, or may be partially composed of mechanical elements.

[Effects of the Invention] The effects obtained by typical inventions disclosed in this application are briefly explained below.

That is, according to the first invention, it is possible to prevent clogging of the input material in advance (or release it after the fact) by appropriately changing the rotational direction of the rotary cutter.

As a result, multiple sets of one-rotation drive devices are prevented, and the input material can be cut efficiently.

Further, according to the second invention, it is possible to prevent clogging of the input material in advance (or release it after the fact) by appropriately changing the rotation direction of the single-turn cutter, and also to prevent clogging of the input material depending on the load condition of the single-turn cutter. The rotary drive device can be stopped. As a result, in addition to the effect of the first invention, the disk can also be protected.

Incidentally, the present invention can also be used for processing meat, wood, fruit, empty cans, bottles, plastics, etc. in addition to gold JiAM.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a schematic to8 ellipse diagram of a first embodiment of a cutting type crusher according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a disk of a first embodiment of a cutting type crusher according to the present invention; 4 and 4 are schematic configuration diagrams of a second embodiment of a cutting type crusher according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a third embodiment of a cutting type crusher according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment of a cutting type crusher according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional cutting type crusher. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a disk of the cutting type crusher shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal sectional side view of the cutting type crusher shown in FIG. 7. 21...Disc, 22.23...Blade,
31... Motor (rotary drive device), 32... Detection device, 33... Control device, A, B... Rotating cutter Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 6 Fig. 8 Figure 9

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cutting-type crusher comprising a rotary cutter having a disk with blades arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction, the rotary cutter cutting input material,
a rotation drive device capable of selectively rotating the rotary cutter in a forward direction and a reverse direction; a detection device configured to detect a load condition applied to the rotary cutter; and a rotation direction of the rotary cutter according to a detection result of the detection device. A cutting crusher characterized by comprising a control device for controlling the. 2. At least a pair of rotary cutters that cut the input material through mutual action, each rotary cutter being selectively rotated in the forward and reverse directions independently of each other by a rotary drive device; , the load condition applied to each rotary cutter is detected by a detection device, and the rotational direction of each rotary cutter can be independently controlled according to the detection result of the detection device. A cutting type crusher according to item 1 of the scope. 3. A cutting type crusher equipped with a rotary cutter having a disk with blades arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction, and configured to cut the input material with the rotary cutter,
A rotary drive device capable of selectively rotating the rotary cutter in a forward direction and a reverse direction, and a detection device configured to detect a load condition applied to the rotary cutter, and the rotary cutter is rotated according to a detection result of the detection device. A cutting crusher comprising: a control device that controls the direction of rotation and controls the transmission of power from the rotary drive device to the rotary cutter.