JPH08104879A - Treating device for dry distillation for waste tire or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To produce a porous carbonized substance by subjecting waste tire to efficient dry distillation. CONSTITUTION: A main body 10 is provided with a heating chamber 11 at its upper part, a burner chamber at its lower part, an exhaust pipe 21 and a stack 22. The burner chamber 12 is equipped with a burner 23 with a combustion cylinder 23a and one end of the exhaust pipe 2 is opened in the combustion cylinder 23a. When the heating chamber 11 is heated by the burner 23, a combustible exhaust gas vaporized from waste tires T in the heating chamber 11 is burnt in the combustion chamber 23a and to the waste tires T are efficiently subjected to dry distillation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dry distillation process of a waste tire or the like, which is capable of efficiently carbonizing a combustible industrial waste (hereinafter referred to simply as a waste tire) including a waste tire of an automobile so as to be carbonized efficiently. Regarding a processing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since the amount of waste tires of automobiles is enormous, it is strongly required to establish a proper disposal method.

Waste tires are the easiest to incinerate and treat, and a large number of dedicated incinerators for that purpose have been proposed. However, these incinerator devices are either continuous combustion type with stoker equipment at the bottom of the furnace, or small-scale fixed grate type batch combustion type, following the incinerator device for general municipal waste incineration. Thus, the furnace is provided with a fan for supplying combustion air and a burner for supporting combustion.

[0004]

According to such a conventional technique, since the waste tire is flammable, it is so-called flame-retardant. Therefore, black smoke is liable to be generated at the time of incineration, and the incineration is performed in urban areas. There is a problem that it is difficult to operate the furnace device. Further, since the form of the treatment is incineration, there is a problem that the combustion residue cannot be effectively reused and resources cannot be effectively utilized.

Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a burner chamber and a heating chamber separately from each other so that waste tires are subjected to carbonization treatment and operated without generating harmful black smoke. Another object of the present invention is to provide a dry distillation treatment apparatus for waste tires and the like that can produce a porous carbonized substance that can be effectively reused as an activated carbonaceous adsorbent.

[0006]

The structure of the present invention for achieving the above object is to provide a main body for forming a heating chamber for charging waste tires in the upper part and a burner chamber in the lower part, and exhaust gas from the heating chamber. Is provided with a chimney attached to the burner chamber, the burner chamber is provided with a burner having a combustion cylinder, and the exhaust gas pipe has one end opened in the combustion cylinder. The summary will be given.

The main body may have a jacket formed on the outer peripheral wall.

Further, the burner chamber and the heating chamber can be communicated with each other through a communication pipe, and the communication pipe can be provided with a check mechanism for preventing exhaust gas from the heating chamber from flowing back to the burner chamber. .

Further, an oxygen sensor may be attached to the burner chamber.

A safety valve mechanism may be attached to the heating chamber, or an air intake portion with a damper may be attached.

[0011]

According to the structure of the invention, the waste tire in the heating chamber can be dry-distilled by charging the waste tire into the heating chamber and igniting the burner in the burner chamber.
Since the exhaust gas pipe sends the combustible exhaust gas generated in the heating chamber to the burner chamber and discharges it into the combustion cylinder for combustion, the burner can greatly reduce its fuel consumption. In addition, the chimney attached to the burner chamber emits burnt exhaust gas that does not contain unburned matter, and therefore,
No harmful black smoke is generated during processing.

If a jacket is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the main body consisting of the burner chamber and the heating chamber, the temperature of the inner and outer surfaces of the outer peripheral wall can be kept low, the overall durability is improved, and the temperature of the operating environment is excessive. Can be prevented from rising. However, the jacket shall be filled with a suitable heat medium consisting of water or oil to a predetermined level.

When the burner chamber and the heating chamber are communicated with each other through the communication pipe, the communication pipe can send a part of the burned exhaust gas generated in the burner chamber to the heating chamber, and the waste tire in the heating chamber The combustibles can be vaporized more efficiently. If the communication pipe is provided with a check mechanism, the check mechanism can effectively prevent the combustible exhaust gas from flowing back into the burner chamber through the communication pipe and explosive combustion in the burner chamber.

If an oxygen sensor is provided in the burner chamber, the oxygen sensor detects the oxygen concentration in the burner chamber and controls the combustion air supplied to the burner to maintain the oxygen concentration at a specified value so that the exhaust gas in the burner chamber is exhausted. It is possible to completely burn the exhaust gas and prevent the exhaust gas from exploding and burning.

If a safety valve mechanism is provided in the heating chamber, even if exhaust gas may explode and burn in the heating chamber,
The safety valve mechanism can safely discharge the explosive pressure at that time (a pressure that explosively rises exponentially, the same applies hereinafter) to the outside.

The air intake portion with a damper provided in the heating chamber ignites the burner, then introduces combustion air into the heating chamber to burn the waste tire and promptly ignite the waste tire. However, the damper of the air intake section is fully closed when the waste tire is ignited, and the subsequent operation is transferred to the dry distillation processing operation of the waste tire.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The dry distillation apparatus for waste tires and the like has a main body 1 in which a heating chamber 11 is formed in an upper portion and a burner chamber 12 is formed in a lower portion.
An exhaust gas pipe 21 and a chimney 22 are attached to 0 (FIG. 1).

The main body 10 is a box body having a jacket 13 formed on the outer peripheral wall thereof, and the heating chamber 11 and the burner chamber 12 are airtightly divided by a partition plate 14. However, the partition plate 14 is made of a material having good thermal conductivity and excellent heat and corrosion resistance, for example, a steel plate such as titanium steel, Inconel, molybdenum steel, chrome steel, etc., having mechanically sufficient strength. I shall. A level controller 13a is attached to the jacket 13, and the level controller 13a is connected to a water supply source (not shown) via a water supply pipe 13b. Therefore, the water in the jacket 13 is maintained at a predetermined constant level via the level controller 13a. In addition, the steam vent pipes 13c and 13c are attached to the upper portion of the jacket 13, and the drain valve 1 is attached to the bottom portion.
3d is provided. However, the water in the jacket 13 may be another heat medium such as oil.

Waste tires T, T ... Can be placed in the heating chamber 11. The heating chamber 11 is equipped with an opening / closing door 11a for charging the waste tire T. An opening 11b is formed in the upper part of the heating chamber 11, and an opening / closing lid 11b1 with a weight 11b2 is attached to the opening 11b. The opening / closing lid 11b1 can close the opening 11b by a force equivalent to the weight of the weight 11b2, and can be automatically opened when the internal pressure of the heating chamber 11 exceeds it. That is, the opening / closing lid 11b1 and the weight 11b2 are
It is a safety valve mechanism that releases excessive pressure in the heating chamber 11.

At the lower part of the side surface of the heating chamber 11, the air intake section 1
1c is attached. A damper 11c1 is attached to the air intake portion 11c.

A burner 23 is arranged in the burner chamber 12. The burner 23 is an injection burner that uses oil or gas as a fuel, and a combustion cylinder 23 a is attached to the front surface of the burner 23 protruding into the burner chamber 12. Combustion cylinder 23
The a is made of, for example, a net-like punching metal that forms a large number of small holes in a mesh shape, and is arranged so as to surround the front of the burner 23 by fixing one end to the side wall on the burner 23 side. A fuel supply pipe 23b is connected to the burner 23, and a blower 23c for supplying combustion air is provided behind the burner 23.

The exhaust gas pipe 21 is arranged so that one end thereof is opened above the heating chamber 11 and the other end thereof is opened toward the burner chamber 12. However, one end on the burner chamber 12 side is opened inside the combustion cylinder 23a. Further, the chimney 22 is attached to the burner chamber 12, and the burner 23,
It is arranged in front of the combustion cylinder 23a.

A communication pipe 24 is arranged near the chimney 22. One end of the communication pipe 24 has a burner 23 and a combustion tube 2
3a is open to the burner chamber 12 at the front, and the other end is opened to the lower part of the heating chamber 11. The heating chamber 1
An opening / closing lid type damper 24a is attached to one end on the first side (FIGS. 1 and 2).

The damper 24a is vertically swingably attached to a bracket 24b protruding from the upper portion of the communication pipe 24. An extremely weak tension spring 24c is mounted between the damper 24a and the communication pipe 24. Therefore, in the steady state, the damper 24a is held in the standby posture (solid line in FIG. 2) that opens upward through the tension spring 24c.
When there is a flow of exhaust gas (direction of arrow A in the figure) toward
By swinging downward against the tension spring 24c, the communication pipe 24 can be in the operating posture (two-dot chain line in the figure). That is, the damper 24a forms a check mechanism that prevents the exhaust gas from the heating chamber 11 from flowing back to the burner chamber 12.

Now, when the waste tires T, T ... Are put into the heating chamber 11 through the opening / closing door 11a and the burner 23 is ignited,
The heating chamber 11 can be heated by the burner 23 via the partition plate 14. However, at this time, the damper 11c1 of the air intake portion 11c is kept open, and the opening / closing door 11a and the opening / closing lid 11b1 are both closed.

When the temperature inside the heating chamber 11 becomes sufficiently high, the waste tires T, T ... Are ignited and the waste tires T, T.
This is because a sufficient amount of combustion air is supplied to the heating chamber 11 via the air intake portion 11c. On the other hand, the exhaust gas containing black smoke generated at this time passes through the exhaust gas pipe 21,
It is supplied into the combustion cylinder 23a of the burner chamber 12. Therefore,
The combustible components contained in the exhaust gas are completely secondary-combusted by the combustion heat generated from the burner 23 and can be released to the outside through the chimney 22. That is, black smoke is hardly generated from the chimney 22.

At this time, part of the high temperature exhaust gas generated in the burner chamber 12 flows into the heating chamber 11 via the communication pipe 24. Therefore, the waste tires T, T ... In the heating chamber 11 can be heated more efficiently, and the waste tires T, T ... Can continue burning vigorously.

When the waste tires T, T ... Are sufficiently ignited, the damper 11c1 of the air intake portion 11c is closed. As a result, in the heating chamber 11, the supply of the combustion air is cut off, and the carbonization treatment operation starts. That is, the waste tires T, T ... Inside the heating chamber 11 can be continuously carbonized by the combustion heat of the burner 23 and the heat of the exhaust gas supplied through the communication pipe 24. Further, at this time, the combustible components vaporized from the waste tires T, T ... Become exhaust gas, are sent to the burner chamber 12 through the exhaust gas pipe 21, and can be combusted in the combustion cylinder 23a. Heat burner 2
With the heat of combustion from No. 3, it can be effectively used for the dry distillation treatment of the waste tires T, T .... Even at this time, black smoke is hardly generated from the chimney 22. Chimney 2
This is because the combustible components are completely burned and the exhaust gas containing no unburned components is released from No. 2.

After the entire operation shifts to the carbonization treatment operation in this manner, when a sufficient amount of heat is obtained by the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 21, the burner 23
The fuel supply may be stopped and the operation may be continued only by burning the exhaust gas. The communication pipe 24 supplies part of the burned exhaust gas from the burner chamber 12 to the heating chamber 11 and contributes to increase the temperature inside the heating chamber 11.

On the other hand, a damper 24a attached to the communication pipe 24
When the exhaust gas generated in the heating chamber 11 directly flows back to the burner chamber 12 via the communication pipe 24, it immediately closes,
Stop this. Therefore, the exhaust gas generated in the heating chamber 11 is supplied to the burner chamber 12 via the exhaust gas pipe 21 and can be safely burned in the combustion cylinder 23a. That is, in the heating chamber 11 and the burner chamber 12,
Exhaust gas does not explode and burn.

In general, the heating chamber 11 and the burner chamber 12
The exhaust gas may explode and burn when the oxygen concentration is 7 to 10% or more. So burner 2
The amount of combustion air to be supplied to the fuel cell 3 is preferably set so that the total surplus oxygen concentration is about 3 to 5% while considering the combustion air of the exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas pipe 21. Further, at this time, the burner chamber 12 is connected through the communication pipe 24.
The exhaust gas supplied from the heating chamber 11 to the heating chamber 11 has an oxygen concentration of 3 to
Since it is suppressed to 5%, there is no danger of explosive combustion in the heating chamber 11.

If explosive combustion of the exhaust gas occurs in the heating chamber 11, the pressure inside the heating chamber 11 will rise rapidly.
However, at this time, the opening / closing lid 11b1 is opened, and the explosion pressure can be safely released.

When all the combustible components are vaporized from the waste tires T, T ... In the heating chamber 11, the waste tires T, T ... Remain in the heating chamber 11 as a porous carbonized substance. This product removes incombustibles such as steel wires contained in the interior, then activates it by high-temperature treatment with steam, impregnation with an aqueous solution such as zinc chloride and high-temperature calcination, etc. It can be effectively used as an adsorbent at the time of treatment, a carrier for various catalysts, and the like.

In the above description, the combustion cylinder 23a attached to the burner 23 is intended to efficiently perform secondary combustion of the exhaust gas supplied from the exhaust gas pipe 21, and its shape can be arbitrarily modified. . For example, a double cylinder in which an inner cylinder 23a1 made of punching metal and an outer cylinder 23a2 are coaxially combined may be used (FIG. 3 (A)), or a middle portion of a cylinder made of punching metal may be narrowed down ( The same figure (B)). Furthermore, the bottomed inner cylinder 23
It may be a combination of a1 and the outer cylinder 23a2 ((C) in the figure).

Since the combustion cylinder 23a efficiently secondary-combusts the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas pipe 21, the exhaust gas easily mixes with the combustion flame from the burner 23, and the exhaust gas easily contacts the combustion cylinder 23a. , Combustion tube 2 in contact with exhaust gas
It is important that 3a is red-hot above about 500 ° C.
Further, by completely burning the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas pipe 21 in this way, it is possible to improve the overall thermal efficiency and prevent the emission of black smoke.

The communication tube 24 can be formed as a communication hole provided in the partition plate 14 inside the main body 10 regardless of FIG. Also, a damper 24a as a check mechanism.
May take any form other than that shown in the figure as long as it can prevent the backflow of exhaust gas. For example, the tension spring 24c may be replaced with a weight that balances the damper 24a in the standby posture, and the damper 24a may be replaced with an appropriate shutter mechanism as a whole. The opening 11b formed in the heating chamber 11 and the opening / closing lid 11b1 attached to the opening 11b as a safety valve mechanism may also serve as an inlet for the waste tires T, T ... At this time, the opening / closing door 11a.
Can be omitted.

Further, the main body 11 may be provided with a carrying-out port with a suitable lid for carrying out the treated carbonized material.

[0039]

Other Embodiments An oxygen sensor 12 is provided in the burner chamber 12.
You may attach a (FIG. 4).

The oxygen sensor 12a is a gas sensor for detecting the oxygen concentration, and is arranged facing the burner 23. The oxygen sensor 12a is electrically connected to the blower 23c of the burner 23 via a control circuit (not shown). Therefore, the blower 23c controls the combustion air supplied to the burner 23 in accordance with the oxygen concentration of the burner chamber 12 detected by the oxygen sensor 12a, and the burnable component of the exhaust gas from the heating chamber 11 and the burner 23 are consumed. Burner chamber 12 with complete combustion of fuel
The oxygen concentration of can be maintained at the specified value.

The chimney 22 has a double structure, and the heat exchange path 22a
May be formed (the same figure).

At the upper part of the heat exchange passage 22a, the air suction hole 2 is provided.
2a1, 22a1 ... Are opened, and the lower part is connected to the suction side of the blower 23c via a duct 22b. Therefore, in the heat exchange passage 22a, heated air preheated by the exhaust gas passing inside the chimney 22 is generated,
The blower 23c can suck the heated air from the heat exchange passage 22a and supply it to the burner 23. That is, the heat exchange passage 22a can further improve the overall thermal efficiency by recovering the heat quantity of the exhaust gas discharged to the outside into the burner chamber 12, lowering the temperature of the chimney 22 itself, and reducing the chimney 22
Can be prevented from deteriorating. Moreover, the temperature of the exhaust gas from the burner chamber 12 can be raised by the heat recovered via the heat exchange passage 22a, and the harmful components contained in the exhaust gas can be more completely thermally decomposed.

On the other hand, a large number of thermoelectric elements 25, 25 ... May be attached to the inner surfaces of the burner chamber 12 and the chimney 22 (the same figure).

The thermoelectric element 25 is made of a metal or ceramic thermoelectric semiconductor and can directly convert heat energy into electric power. The thermoelectric elements 25, 25 ... Are the burner chamber 1
2. It is mounted in a tile shape on the inner surface of the chimney 22 and can generate power by the heat of exhaust gas and supply power to any external load including the blower 23c. The thermoelectric elements 25, 2
5 may be attached to only one of the burner chamber 12 and the chimney 22.

In the heating chamber 11, there is a pipe 1 for removing tar.
1d can be provided (the same figure).

The pipe 11d is arranged so that one end is opened at the bottom of the heating chamber 11 and the other end is opened at the burner chamber 12. However, a valve 11d1 for opening and closing is attached to the middle portion of the pipe 11d. Therefore, the pipe 11d can open the valve 11d1 and discharge the tar component stored in the bottom of the heating chamber 11 to the burner chamber 12 for combustion. The valve 11d1 is
By properly opening the burner chamber 12 when the burner chamber 12 is sufficiently heated and becomes high in temperature, the tar content can be reliably burned.

The heating chamber 11 includes a plurality of partitions 11f and 11f.
It may be divided into a plurality of heating tanks 11e, 11e ... (Fig. 5) via f.

The partitions 11f, 11f ... Are partition plates that fit the cross section of the heating chamber 11 and are detachably mounted in the heating chamber 11. At this time, it is assumed that a guide groove (not shown) for guiding each partition 11f is formed in the vertical direction on the inner surface of the heating chamber 11. Therefore, by mounting each partition 11f in the heating chamber 11, the heating chamber 11 can be divided into a plurality of heating tanks 11e, 11e, .... Further, since each partition 11f is attachable / detachable to / from the heating chamber 11, it is possible to optimize the number and volume of the heating tanks 11e to be used in accordance with the amount and size of the processing object to be put into the heating chamber 11. Can be set.

A burner 23 and a blower 23c are provided in each burner chamber 12, and each burner 23 and blower 23c are provided.
Can be individually operated according to the use position of the heating tanks 11e, 11e .... For example, among the plurality of heating tanks 11e, 11e ... Shown in FIG. 5, when three or less heating tanks 11e, 11e ... Are continuously used from the right side, when the heating tanks 11e, 11e. It is sufficient to operate only the burner 23 and the blower 23c of the burner chamber 12 on the lower side, and when using four or more heating chambers 11e, 11e ... Continuously from the right side, both burner chambers 12, 12 burners 23, 23, blowers 23c, 23
c should be operated. That is, the burner chambers 12, 12
Can heat the heating tanks 11e, 11e ... Into two groups. However, the number of divisions of the heating chamber 11 and the burner chamber 12 may be divided into any number other than that shown in FIG.

The heating tanks 11e and the burner chamber 12 are branched and connected via an exhaust gas pipe 21 having valves 21a, 21a .... Each of the valves 21a is to open only those corresponding to the heating tank 11e and the burner chamber 12 which are currently used, and to close the other ones. However, each valve 21a may be replaced with a damper, a shutter, or the like that opens and closes the exhaust gas pipe 21.

According to the present invention, not only the waste tires T, T ... but also combustible industrial waste including various plastic waste materials can be efficiently subjected to dry distillation treatment. However, when a waste material that easily fluidizes, such as a thermoplastic, is introduced into the heating chamber 11, a suitable receiving pan may be provided on the partition plate 14 and introduced into the heating chamber 11 via the receiving pan. preferable. The treated carbonized material can be carried out together with the receiving pan.

[0052]

As described above, according to the present invention, by disposing the exhaust gas pipe and the chimney on the main body forming the heating chamber and the burner chamber, the waste tire in the heating chamber can be disposed in the burner chamber. The combustion heat from the burner provided and the combustion heat of the combustible exhaust gas supplied to the burner chamber through the exhaust gas pipe can efficiently perform dry distillation to produce a reusable carbonized material. By burning the exhaust gas in the combustion cylinder attached to the burner, the overall thermal efficiency is increased, and there is an extremely excellent effect that harmful black smoke is hardly generated during operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1] Overall configuration diagram

FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory view of main parts.

FIG. 3 is a main part configuration diagram showing another embodiment (1)

FIG. 4 is a main part configuration diagram showing another embodiment (2)

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 T ... Waste tire 10 ... Main body 11 ... Heating chamber 11c ... Air intake part 11c1 ... Damper 12 ... Burner chamber 12a ... Oxygen sensor 13 ... Jacket 21 ... Exhaust gas pipe 22 ... Chimney 23 ... Burner 23a ... Combustion pipe 24 ... Communication pipe

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location C10G 1/10 ZAB 2115-4H

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A main body having a heating chamber for charging waste tires formed in an upper portion thereof and a burner chamber formed in a lower portion thereof, an exhaust gas pipe for feeding exhaust gas from the heating chamber to the burner chamber, and the burner chamber. And a chimney, the burner chamber,
A dry distillation treatment apparatus for waste tires or the like, characterized in that a burner having a combustion cylinder is provided, and the exhaust gas pipe has one end opened in the combustion cylinder. 2. The dry distillation treatment apparatus for waste tires according to claim 1, wherein the main body has a jacket formed on an outer peripheral wall thereof. 3. The burner chamber and the heating chamber are communicated with each other through a communication pipe.
Dry-distillation processing equipment for the waste tires described. 4. The dry distillation treatment apparatus for waste tires according to claim 3, wherein the communication pipe is provided with a check mechanism for preventing exhaust gas from the heating chamber from flowing back to the burner chamber. 5. The dry distillation treatment apparatus for waste tires according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen sensor is attached to the burner chamber. 6. The dry distillation treatment apparatus for waste tires according to claim 1, wherein a safety valve mechanism is attached to the heating chamber. 7. The heating chamber is provided with an air intake portion with a damper.
A dry distillation treatment apparatus for waste tires, etc.