JPH08100427A - Water-permeable lightweight block - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve the water permeability, strength, durability, and execution property by partially sticking inorganic foam beads with an adhesive or by heat fusion, integrating them with a reinforcing material as required to increase the bending strength of a water-permeable lightweight block, and filling and burying it in a void in the ground. CONSTITUTION: Inorganic foam beads 2 of glass foam beads or lightweight concrete aggregates are partially stuck by an organic or inorganic resin mortar adhesive or a bituminous material or by heat fusion to form this water- permeable lightweight block 1. An organic adhesive of urethane, epoxy, or acryl, an inorganic adhesive of cement, quick setting cement, or water glass, or an adhesive of their mixture is used for the resin mortar adhesive. A vegetational space may be provided on the water-permeable lightweight block 1. A transparent sheet made of a nonwoven fabric, an opaque sheet made of a synthetic resin, a metal net, or fibers are used for the reinforcing material. The water-permeable lightweight block is filled in a void in the ground or buried in the ground for drainage.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a water-permeable lightweight block,
Specifically, to allow water to easily pass from the ground where the water flow is blocked by soft ground or obstacles that do not have water permeability on the slope, etc., and to allow water to easily pass from poorly drained ground. The present invention relates to a water-permeable lightweight block provided with voids.

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can be suitably used for bunker of golf course, green, grass, farmland, sidewalk without gutter, etc. for the purpose of drainage.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional ground construction work, there were many sheet construction methods and pile driving construction methods, but in the recent ground construction construction of soft ground and slopes, a construction method using lightweight foam polystyrene blocks has begun to spread.

However, the foam polystyrene block is impervious to water and has poor drainage, and when the water level in the construction site rises, the foam polystyrene block has a very large buoyancy due to its light weight. There is a drawback that an unnecessary holding load is required to cancel the buoyancy.

Further, since it is flammable, there is a risk of fire, and since it has a small elastic coefficient, it has a problem that it is largely deformed under load. Furthermore, since it is a synthetic resin, it is deteriorated by ultraviolet rays. There was a problem that it was easy to do and poor in durability.

Recently, in order to eliminate this drawback, a block in which a hole has been formed in the foam polystyrene block has been developed, but this foam polystyrene block has the following properties: strength, heat resistance,
In terms of solvent resistance and in-situ firing properties (in-situ block formation), it is still unsatisfactory.

[0007]

Furthermore, the foamed polystyrene block described above, which is used as a conventional lightweight block for constructing a ground structure, is inferior in strength, solvent resistance, and heat resistance as described above, and therefore is dissolved. Also, since there is a contraction phenomenon, there is a risk of hollowing out inside the ground.

Further, a block having a hole formed in the expanded polystyrene block has been developed in the same manner as described above for the purpose of improving drainage, but the compression strength is reduced due to the hole being formed. In order to eliminate this drawback, it is necessary to reinforce with a vinyl chloride pipe or the like, which complicates the process, and there is a drawback in that the vinyl chloride pipe is apt to be clogged with sand or the like, which affects drainage.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to have good drainage (water permeability), excellent strength, workability, durability, fire resistance, and flame retardancy, and to construct stably and firmly on soft ground, In addition, the present invention provides a water-permeable lightweight block suitable as a lightweight block for constructing a ground structure, which has flexibility and can follow changes in the ground, and has improved the above-mentioned drawbacks in the known art. Especially.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention have partially bonded inorganic foam beads such as glass foam beads or lightweight concrete aggregates to obtain the above-mentioned water-permeable lightweight block for the purpose. The inventors have found that the following can be obtained and have reached the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a water-permeable lightweight block obtained by partially adhering inorganic foam beads.

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention will be described in detail below. As the inorganic foam beads used in the present invention, glass foam beads are preferable, and those having a particle size of preferably 0.1 to 10.0 mm, more preferably 2.5 to 5.0 mm are used. The glass foam beads can be used for waste glass such as glass windows for automobile windows, glass bottles for drinking water such as beer, liquor and juice, and glass bottles for seasonings, which is also an effective use of industrial waste. Further, as the inorganic foam beads, lightweight concrete aggregate can also be used.

Further, the glass foam beads can also be produced by heating and melting soil or sand containing a large amount of SiO ₂ component to be vitrified.

The above-mentioned inorganic foam beads are partially bonded by using an adhesive or by heat melting so that the porosity is 30% to 70%.
%, Especially 40-60%, and a hydraulic conductivity of 10 ^-2
It is performed so as to be cm / sec or more.

If the porosity is less than 30%, the water permeability is poor,
If it exceeds 70%, the strength of the water-permeable lightweight block obtained decreases. Also, if the water permeability coefficient is less than 10 ^-2 cm / sec, the water permeability is difficult as described above, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient drainage effect.

Examples of the adhesive used in the present invention include urethane-based, epoxy-based, acrylic-based, etc. organic adhesives, cement-based, quick-setting cement-based, and water-glass-based inorganic adhesives. A commercial item can be used as these adhesives, for example, ADEKA RESIN EP-4520 / EH.
220 (epoxy adhesive), ADEKA RESIN EPES-
0427 (main agent) / EH-220T (hardening agent) / water (self-floating epoxy adhesive), ADEKA RESIN UP-37
3 (Urethane adhesive), ADEKA LOCKDINE M-40
(A quick-setting cement adhesive) (these are all manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and the like. Each of these adhesives is used alone or in combination.

Of the above-mentioned adhesives, epoxy-based adhesives give water-permeable and lightweight blocks with high hardness, urethane-based adhesives give good flexibility, and acrylic-based adhesives give toughness. Good flexibility. When a cement-based adhesive, especially a quick-setting cement-based adhesive is used, the strength,
It has the effects of excellent workability, durability, fire resistance, and flame retardancy.

Further, in the present invention, when a resin mortar adhesive composed of one or more kinds of organic adhesives and one or more kinds of inorganic adhesives selected and used in combination is used, water permeability excellent in flame retardancy is obtained. A lightweight block can be obtained.

When an organic adhesive is used, the amount of the above-mentioned adhesive is preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight, relative to 100 parts by weight of the inorganic foam beads. If it is less than 5 parts by weight, the adhesion is insufficient and the above-mentioned porosity exceeds 70%, and if it exceeds 30 parts by weight, the adhesion becomes excessive and the above-mentioned porosity becomes less than 30%.
When an inorganic adhesive is used, its amount is preferably 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the inorganic foam beads.
˜150 parts by weight, more preferably 80 to 120 parts by weight.
If it is less than 50 parts by weight, the adhesion will be insufficient, and the above-mentioned porosity will be more than 70%, and if it exceeds 150 parts by weight, the adhesion will be excessive and the above-mentioned porosity will be less than 30%.

Further, when the organic adhesive and the inorganic adhesive are used in combination, the amount used is appropriately determined according to the purpose within the range of the amount used when each is used alone. Good.

Further, the partial adhesion of the inorganic foam beads by heat melting is performed by filling the mold with the inorganic foam beads and then heating from the outside of the mold, or by blowing hot air into the mold to heat. It is carried out by heat-melting a part of the surface of the beads.

In the present invention, it is also possible to partially bond the inorganic foam beads with a bituminous material to form the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a concrete example of a water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention, where (A) shows a prismatic block 1 and (B) shows a cylindrical block 1. As described above, these blocks 1 are formed by partially adhering the inorganic foam beads 2 with an adhesive or by heat melting. The block 1 according to the present invention is not limited to the prismatic or cylindrical shape described above, and may be formed in any desired shape.

FIG. 2 is a modified example of the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention, in which the above-mentioned block 1 formed by partially adhering inorganic foam beads 2 and the concrete block, the water-permeable concrete block, or the foam polystyrene. It is composed of a composite with another block 3, such as a block and a foaming resin block such as a foaming polyurethane block.
FIG. 2 (A) shows a block 1a of the present invention in which the lower surface of the block 1 and two surfaces on one side are covered with another block 3, and FIG. 2 (B) shows the lower surface of the other block 3 as a book. FIG. 2C shows a block 1a configured to be covered with a block 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2C shows a block 1a configured by sandwiching the block 1 according to the present invention with another block 3.
In both cases, water permeability is given to the other block 3. 2 (D) and 2 (E) show a block 1a in which the block 1 according to the present invention is integrally formed on the back of a concrete block or another block 3 made of a concrete panel, and is installed on the slope as it is. Or, it is installed as a wall surface of a reinforced soil retaining wall to add a drainage function.

FIG. 3 shows another modification of the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 (A), the inorganic foam beads 2 are partially bonded to the above-mentioned block 1. , A block 1 formed by forming a space 4 for vegetation
a. . FIG. 3 (B) shows a block 1a constructed by further adhering a reinforcing material 5 such as a wire mesh or a synthetic resin net to the outer surface of the block of FIG. 3 (A), and FIG.
1A shows a block 1a configured by combining another block 3 made of a concrete block on one outer surface and the bottom surface of the block (A), and each has a structure in which strength is reinforced.

FIG. 4 shows still another modified example of the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention. The above-mentioned block 1 formed by partially adhering the inorganic foam beads 2 and the water-permeable sheet such as non-woven fabric or synthetic resin. 1 shows a block 1a configured by integrally integrating a water-impermeable sheet, a wire mesh, a reinforcing material 5 having tensile strength such as fiber material. FIG. 4A shows a block 1a formed integrally with the reinforcing material 5 on the bottom surface of the block 1, and FIG. 4B shows a block formed integrally with the reinforcing material on the top surface and bottom surface of the block 1. 1 is shown in FIG.
4C shows a block 1a configured by embedding a reinforcing material 5 inside the block 1, and FIG. 4D shows a block 1 configured by dispersing the reinforcing material 5 made of fiber in the block 1.
a shows that all of them increase the bending strength of the block 1.

FIG. 5 shows another modification of the block shown in FIG. 4, which is a lightweight impermeable block 1a in which the entire peripheral surface of the block 1 is covered with a reinforcing material 5 made of an impermeable coating. is there. This is used when constructing artificial ground on the water surface. Further, when the embankment body is constructed by using the water-permeable lightweight block 1, it is used together with this block 1 to adjust the buoyancy of the entire embankment body to adjust the ground contact pressure on the soft ground.

FIG. 5A shows a block 1a constructed by covering a block 1 with a reinforcing material 5 made of a synthetic resin water impermeable sheet, or in the block 1 a bituminous material or another water impermeable material. It is a block 1a configured by impregnating and forming a reinforcing material 5 on the surface. FIG. 5B shows block 1
The block 1a is formed by covering a reinforcing material 5 such as a concrete layer and a foamed polystyrene layer.

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure can be manufactured not only by mass-producing standard products in a factory but also by mixing inorganic foam beads and an adhesive on site and filling the mixture into the voids of the ground. However, it is also possible to form it according to the shape of the void portion of the ground. Furthermore, even at the construction site of ground construction, it is possible to fill a predetermined formwork and mold it into a certain shape, and it has very good workability in civil engineering work.

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention fills voids in the ground and / or is buried in the ground to remove water from the ground where the flow of water is blocked by an obstacle having no water permeability. It can be easily discharged.

[0030]

The above-mentioned water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention is formed by partially adhering inorganic foam beads and has voids in the block. Therefore, the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can be buried in the ground or stacked in multiple stages. In the ground constructed or by building a water-permeable lightweight block by filling the mixture of inorganic foam beads and an adhesive in the construction site to form a water-permeable lightweight block at the construction site, if the water level rises and floods,
Water penetrates into the voids of the block. Further, when the water level drops, the water flows out to the outside and the function as a lightweight block is maintained as it is. As described above, in the ground constructed of the water permeable lightweight block of the present invention, groundwater can continuously flow in and out of the water permeable lightweight block in the vertical and horizontal directions.

Furthermore, since the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention is made of inorganic foam beads, it has flexibility, can follow changes in the ground, and has sufficient strength to withstand a compressive load.

[0032]

Modes of Use of the Invention Hereinafter, modes of use of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 6 shows that the water-permeable lightweight block 1 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 (A) is stacked on a ground 6 in several stages, and further earth and sand are sprinkled on the ground to embed it to form a coating layer 7 and to make water permeability. The embankment structure A having excellent properties is constructed.

FIG. 7 shows the gap between the slope 8 and the retaining wall 9 as shown in FIG.
(A) The water-permeable lightweight blocks 1 according to the present invention are stacked in several layers, and earth and sand are sprinkled on the blocks to embed them to form a covering layer 7 to construct a slope structure B having excellent water permeability.

FIG. 8 shows a structure in which the water-permeable lightweight block 1 of the present invention is filled in the space between the ground 6 and the retaining wall 9 on site to construct a water-permeable layer 10 matching the shape of the space.

FIG. 9 shows a drainage channel of a bunker 11 on a golf course constructed using the water-permeable lightweight block 1 of the present invention. The water-permeable lightweight block 1 of the present invention is formed on the ground 6 in the shape of a drainage channel. The pawl is connected to the water collecting basin 12 at its end, and the water permeable lightweight block 1 is covered with sand. 9A is a partial cross-sectional view and FIG. 9B is a plan view.

The embankment structure, slope structure, and drainage channel of a bunker of a golf course constructed by the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention, the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention does not pass sand or earth, Since only water is allowed to pass through, it is extremely water-permeable, and the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can be applied in a wide range because of its strength, durability, and workability on site.

FIG. 10 shows that the water-permeable lightweight block 1a according to the present invention shown in FIG. 2A is stacked on the ground 6 in several stages.
The earth and sand are sprinkled on the ground to embank it to form a covering layer 7 to reinforce the strength and construct an embankment structure A having excellent water permeability.

FIG. 11 shows the space between the slope 8 and the retaining wall 9 as shown in FIG.
(A) The water-permeable lightweight blocks 1a according to the present invention are stacked in several layers, and earth and sand are sprinkled on the blocks to embed them to form a coating layer 7
Are formed to reinforce the strength and construct a sloped structure B having excellent water permeability.

FIG. 12 shows a reinforcing soil retaining wall 13 formed by stacking an integrated block 1a of the block 1 of the present invention and another block 3 made of a concrete block on the ground 6 as shown in FIG. 2 (D). This is an example of constructing the embankment structure A by connecting the tension member 14 to the back side and then applying embankment on it. The obtained reinforcement is obtained by using the block 1a of the present invention as a wall panel of the wall body 13. The earth retaining wall 13 is provided with a drainage function.

FIG. 13 shows that the blocks 1a of the present invention having a space 4 for vegetation shown in FIG. 3 (A) are stacked from the ground 6 along the slope 8 with an inclination, and the space 4 is vegetated to form a slope. The greened slope structure B is constructed.

FIG. 14 shows that the block 1 of FIG. 1 (A) is stacked on the ground 6 in several layers, a sheet layer 15 made of a fixing material or a tension material is formed on the boundary surface of each layer, and earth and sand are further deposited on the sheet layer 15. It is unwound and embanked to form the covering layer 7 to construct the embankment structure A. The sheet layer 15 includes a concrete (mortar) layer, a geotextile layer, a wire mesh layer, a non-woven fabric layer, a foamed polyurethane layer, an adhesive layer, an asphalt layer, and a combination thereof. In this case, the block 1 is integrated and the load is evenly distributed to prevent stress concentration.

FIG. 15 is a view according to the present invention in which the retaining wall 9 which is upright on the ground 6 is fixed to the slope 8 of the ground 16 by the anchor 17 and the slope 8 and the retaining wall 9 are provided. The blocks 1 of 1 (A) are stacked in several stages, and earth and sand are sprinkled on the blocks to form a coating layer 7, and a slope structure B is constructed. The anchor 17 has a mortar layer 18 interposed between layers of the block 1 and is fixed to the natural ground 16 through the mortar layer 18.

FIG. 16 shows that the retaining wall 9 installed upright on the ground 6 and the siding surface 19 are fixed with the retaining wall 9 fixed by interposing an anchor 17 such as a geotextile or an anchor bar. Then, several blocks 1 of FIG. 1 (A) according to the present invention are laminated, and further, earth and sand are sprinkled on the block 1 to embed it to form a covering layer 7, thereby constructing a slope structure B. in this case,
Even if there is spring water from the back surface of the retaining wall 9, it is easily drained, and therefore a stable lightweight embankment structure is possible.

In FIG. 17, a holding material 20 such as a geotextile or a wire mesh (reinforcing bar mesh or expanded metal) is laid on the ground 6, and earth and sand are sprinkled on the ground 6 and rolled, and these are repeatedly pressed to repeat the coating layer 7 To form a slope structure B. In this case, on the slope side of the holding material 20, the block 1 of FIG. 1 (A) according to the present invention is arranged to provide a drainage function, and a space portion 21 is further provided at the tip thereof for vegetation.

In FIG. 18, the covering layer 7 is formed by embankment in the same manner as in FIG. 17, and the slope structure B is constructed. In this case, the vegetation space is not provided on the slope side, and the concrete retaining wall 9a is installed. Since the inorganic foam beads of the block 1 according to the present invention have silica as a main component, they are well compatible with concrete. Therefore, the concrete penetrates into the surface gap of the block 1 and is firmly solidified with the concrete, which is extremely stable. The embankment structure has a wall surface.

FIG. 19 shows the structure of FIG. 18 in which the concrete retaining wall is removed to construct the slope structure B.

In FIG. 20, a plurality of blocks 1 according to the present invention are stacked on a soft ground 6, and earth and sand are sprinkled on the blocks 1 to form a covering layer 7, thereby constructing an embankment structure A. Since the block 1 of the present invention is lightweight, it is used to float on sludge or water, and this is laminated on soft ground to form an embankment structure, which is the basis of the structure.

In FIG. 21, the foundation according to the block 1 of the present invention is constructed stepwise in the same manner as in FIG. 7, and the house 22 is constructed on the foundation.

FIG. 22 shows that the block 1 according to the present invention is laminated on the back side of the house 22 and the earth and sand are sprinkled to form the coating layer 7.
This is an example of building this in a staircase shape. Since the block 1 is lightweight, the earth pressure hardly acts on the house, and the drainage is possible.

FIG. 23 shows a structure constructed in the same manner as in FIG. 14, but in which the layer of the block 1 is vertically fixed by an anchor 23 in order to prevent the layer of the block 1 from floating in the groundwater.

FIG. 24 is an example in which the block 1 is constructed in the same manner as in FIG. 6, but the block 1 has a concavo-convex shape, and these are engaged with each other to be integrated.

FIG. 25 shows an example in which the block 1 is constructed in the same manner as in FIG. 14, but the block 1 has a concavo-convex shape and is meshed with each other to be integrated, as in the above.

In FIG. 26, the block 1 according to the present invention is arranged on the slope 8 of the ground 16, the separator 24 is connected from the block 1 and the surface formwork material 25 such as styrene foam is arranged to block the block. Concrete is poured in the gap between 1 and the surface formwork material 25 to construct the slope structure B. After that, the surface formwork material 25 is removed, but the block 1 of the present invention is buried as it is to form a drainage layer.

FIGS. 27 (A) and 27 (B) show a usage mode in which the foundation ground or the soft ground 6 is perforated by boring or the like, and the cylindrical block 1 of the present invention is inserted therein. Figure
27 (A) shows a cylindrical block 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a state in which the block 1 is inserted into the ground 6. As a result, liquefaction prevention can be achieved, and soil consolidation can be achieved by consolidation dehydration.

In FIG. 28, as in FIG. 20, the block 1 according to the present invention is arranged on the soft ground 6, and the structure foundation 26 is arranged thereon.
Is placed, and the earth and sand are sprinkled on it to form the coating layer 7, and the foundation of the structure is constructed.

FIG. 29 is a drainage function in which the strip-shaped blocks 1 according to the present invention are arranged at a predetermined interval on a reinforcing material 27 such as a wire net (reinforcing bar net), expanded metal, geotextile (net or non-woven fabric). A reinforcing material having
It is one usage mode of the present invention.

The reinforcing material 27 of FIG. 29 is used by embedding it in the embankment structure A as shown in FIG. As a result, the embankment structure is consolidated and dehydrated and strengthened.

In FIG. 31, a spacer 28 is provided between the opposing walls 29, 29 to fix them, and the block 1 according to the present invention is filled and laminated in this gap to construct a structure C.

FIG. 32 shows a usage state in which the block 1 of the present invention is used inside the pier 29 having an arch structure. In this case, the block 1 may be formed by filling the inside of the pier 29 with inorganic foam beads together with an adhesive, cement, etc. and solidifying. The obtained bridge pier 29 has extremely good running characteristics of the vehicle due to the cushioning effect of the block 1 of the present invention, also has good drainage, and further has improved seismic resistance due to weight reduction.

The embankment structure, slope structure, and drainage channel of a bunker of a golf course constructed by the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention, the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention does not pass sand or earth, Since only water is allowed to pass through, it is extremely water-permeable, and the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can be applied in a wide range because of its strength, durability, and workability on site.

[0062]

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 10 kg of glass foam beads (particle size 2.5 to 5.0 mm) and an epoxy adhesive (Adeka Resin EP-4520 / EH-22)
(Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 2 kg, mixed well, pushed into a metal mold, aged at room temperature for 7 hours, cured and then demolded, and the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention having voids Got

The density of this water-permeable lightweight block is 0.38 g /
cm ³ , the compressive strength was 8 kgf / cm ² , the porosity was 55%, and the hydraulic conductivity (constant water level) was 1.86 cm / sec.

Example 2 10 kg of glass foam beads (particle size 2.5 to 5.0 mm) and 10 kg of quick-setting cement adhesive (Adeka Lockdyne M-40 manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) were mixed and thoroughly mixed. , Push it into a metal mold, age it at room temperature for 1 hour, and let it harden,
The mold was removed to obtain the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention having voids.

This water-permeable lightweight block was nonflammable and excellent in fire resistance. This water-permeable lightweight block has a density of 0.55 g / cm ³ , a compressive strength of 15 kgf / cm ² , and a porosity of
The water permeability was 45% and the hydraulic conductivity (constant water level) was 1.35 cm / sec.

Example 3 10 kg of glass foam beads (particle size 2.5 to 5.0 mm) and 2 kg of urethane adhesive (Adeka Resin UP-373 Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) were mixed and thoroughly stirred to make a metal. Push it into the mold (or resin) and age it for 10 hours at room temperature.
After curing, the mold was removed to obtain a water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention having voids.

The density of this water-permeable lightweight block is 0.38 g /
cm ³ , compressive strength was 7 kgf / cm ² , porosity was 55%, and water permeability (constant water level) was 1.90 cm / sec.

Example 4 10 kg of glass foam beads (particle size 2.5 to 5.0 mm), self-emulsifying epoxy adhesive (Adeka Resin EPES-0427)
(Main agent) / EH-220T (curing agent) / water: Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 2 kg and quick-setting cement adhesive (Adeka Lockdyne M-40 Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 8 kg are mixed and thoroughly mixed. The mixture was agitated, pushed into a metal (or resin) mold, aged at room temperature for 1 hour and cured, and then demolded to obtain a water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention having voids.

This water-permeable lightweight block was excellent in flame retardancy. The density of this water-permeable lightweight block is 0.52g.
/ Cm ³ , compressive strength was 10 kgf / cm ² , porosity was 50%, and hydraulic conductivity (constant water level) was 1.65 cm / sec.

[0071]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention has good drainage (water permeability), is excellent in strength, workability, durability, fire resistance and flame retardancy, and is stable on soft ground. It is suitable as a lightweight block for constructing a ground structure that can be firmly constructed and can follow changes in the ground.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are perspective views respectively showing a square block and a round block which are examples of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

2 (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) are perspective views of other examples of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

3 (A), (B) and (C) are respectively,
It is still another example of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention,
(A) is the perspective view, (B) and (C) are sectional drawings, respectively.

4 (A), (B), (C) and (D) are cross-sectional views of yet another example of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

5A and 5B are cross-sectional views of yet another example of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an example of an embankment structure constructed using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope structure constructed using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope structure constructed by filling the water permeable lightweight block of the present invention in the slope space on site.

FIG. 9 (A) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of constructing a drainage channel of a bunker on a golf course using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention, and FIG. 9 (B) is a plan view thereof. is there.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an embankment structure constructed using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 (A).

11 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope structure constructed using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 (A).

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an embankment structure using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 (D) as a reinforcing earth retaining wall.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope structure which is constructed by using the permeable lightweight block of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 (A) and which is capable of vegetation to make the slope green. It is a figure.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an embankment structure constructed by forming a sheet layer of a fixing material or a tension material on the boundary surface of each layer composed of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope structure constructed by stacking the water-permeable lightweight blocks according to the present invention on the slope of a natural ground.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope structure constructed by stacking the water-permeable lightweight blocks according to the present invention between a retaining wall and a siding surface.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope structure constructed by arranging the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention on the slope side and further providing a space for vegetation on the outer end thereof. is there.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view showing an example of a slope structure constructed by disposing the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention on the slope side and further providing a concrete retaining wall at the outer end thereof. .

FIG. 19 shows an example of a slope structure which is constructed by arranging the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention on the slope side and has neither a space for vegetation nor a concrete retaining wall at its outer tip. FIG.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an embankment structure constructed by using the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention on soft ground.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which a stair-shaped residential foundation is constructed using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention, and a residential building is constructed on this.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the water-permeable lightweight blocks according to the present invention are stacked on the back side of each house constructed in a staircase shape to reinforce the ground.

23 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which a block of an embankment structure constructed in the same manner as in FIG. 14 is vertically fixed with an anchor.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an embankment structure constructed using an uneven block.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of an embankment structure constructed by using uneven blocks.

FIG. 26 is a slope structure in which the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention is arranged on the slope side, a surface formwork material is arranged at the outer tip, and concrete is placed in this gap. It is sectional drawing of an example of a thing.

FIG. 27 (A) is a perspective view of a water-permeable lightweight block having a cylindrical shape according to the present invention, and FIG. 27 (B) is a sectional view showing a state where the cylindrical block is inserted into the ground.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention is arranged below the structure foundation.

FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a reinforcing member formed by arranging a plurality of strip-shaped water-permeable lightweight blocks according to the present invention in parallel.

30 is a cross-sectional view of an embankment structure constructed by embedding the reinforcing material of FIG. 29.

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view of a structure constructed by filling and stacking a water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention between opposing walls.

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of a usage state in which the water-permeable lightweight block according to the present invention is used inside the arch pier.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Inventive block 1a Inventive block 2 Inorganic foam beads 3 Other blocks 4 Vegetation space 5 Reinforcement material 6 Ground 7 Cover layer 8 Slope 9 Retaining wall 10 Water permeable layer 13 Reinforcing soil retaining wall 14 Tensile material 15 Sheet layer 19 Side surface 20 Holding material 21 Space 27 Reinforcement 29 Bridge pier A Embankment structure B Slope structure

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A water-permeable lightweight block obtained by partially adhering inorganic foam beads. 2. The water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic foam beads are partially bonded with an adhesive. 3. The water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive is one or more selected from urethane-based, epoxy-based, and acrylic-based organic adhesives. 4. The water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive is one or more selected from cement-based, quick-setting cement-based, and water glass-based inorganic adhesives. 5. The water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive is a resin mortar-based adhesive which is a combination of at least one of the organic adhesive of claim 3 and the inorganic adhesive of claim 4. . 6. The water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic foam beads are partially bonded with a bituminous material. 7. The water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic foam beads are partially bonded by heat fusion. 8. The water-permeable lightweight block of claim 1, comprising a composite of the water-permeable lightweight block of claim 1 and a concrete block, a water-permeable concrete block, or another block made of a foam resin block. 9. The water permeable lightweight block according to claim 1, wherein a space for vegetation is formed in the water permeable lightweight block according to claim 1. 10. The water-permeable lightweight block of claim 1, wherein the water-permeable lightweight block of claim 1 and a reinforcing material having tensile strength are integrated to improve bending strength. 11. The water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 10, wherein the reinforcing material of claim 10 is a water-permeable sheet made of a non-woven fabric, a synthetic resin water-impermeable sheet, a wire mesh, or a fibrous material. 12. A method for draining ground, comprising filling and / or burying the water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 1 in which inorganic foam beads are partially adhered. . 13. A mixture of inorganic foam beads and an adhesive,
A method for producing a water-permeable lightweight block, which comprises filling the mixture with voids in the ground and molding the mixture according to the shape of the voids.