JPH0473312A - Filling method of clearance for civil engineering and construction work and composition for filler thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve workability, and to enhance uniformity after consolidation by filling a clearance with fillers prepared by adding foamable inorganic silicate group powder and powdered bodies and water to a setting curing agent. CONSTITUTION:Aluminum silicate group powder and powdered bodies are favorable as foamable inorganic silicate group powder and powdered bodies, particularly, zeolite, especially baked zeolite is used. Zeolite is crushed and classified and adjusted to specified grain size, and baked at 100-700 deg.C, thus obtaining baked zeolite. The foamable inorganic silicate group powder and powdered bodies are selected normally within a range of 5-70wt.% to the sum total with a setting curing material. The foamable inorganic silicate group powder and powdered bodies and water are added to the setting curing material, and a large quantity of bubbles are generated and filled in the clearances of the rear of a subsurface structure with the filling of clearances in the ground, etc., executed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a method for filling gaps in civil engineering and construction work and a composition for the filler. More specifically, the present invention is suitable for backfilling tunnel linings, reinforcing linings, filling gaps at the back of underground structures and cavities caused by ground subsidence, filling gaps in the ground, and for underground construction work. The present invention relates to a method for filling gaps in civil engineering and construction work, which is suitably used for backfilling and the like, and a composition for the filler. This method fills the gap simply and easily, without too much or too little, and safely.

Conventional technology In civil engineering and construction work, backfill injection materials and gap fill materials are mainly made of cement mixed with gravel, sand, clay, etc., and foaming is used to physically introduce air bubbles into this material. A variety of materials are used, including those to which foaming agents or foaming agents are added to generate gas through chemical reactions, and those to which quick-setting properties are added. Among these, those with foaming agents or blowing agents added have many construction results because they have excellent fluidity, pumpability, material separation, economic efficiency, etc.

This foaming agent physically introduces air bubbles during material kneading through its surfactant action, and is used in rosin soaps, anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, proteinaceous derivatives such as gelatin and casein, and alkyl sulfones. The main components are acid salts. However, the foaming conditions of these foaming agents vary depending on the amount added and cross-talk conditions such as the size of the mixer, the shape of the blades, the number of rotations of the blades, and the stirring time. It is difficult to keep the quality constant, and because air bubbles are physically introduced during material kneading, it is difficult to obtain uniform air bubbles. Large air bubbles tend to gather in the area, but this has the disadvantage that it tends to reduce volume and form cavities, making it difficult to fill them tightly.

On the other hand, as the foaming agent, aluminum powder is typically used, as well as two-component systems such as hydrogen peroxide-calcium hypochlorite, hydrochloric acid-sodium bicarbonate, and the like. However, aluminum powder is generally used in mortar for prepacked concrete, grout for prestressed concrete, aerated concrete, etc., and the amount used is 0.00% relative to the weight of cement. Although it is only about 1% of O, when using aluminum powder as a gap photonic agent, the amount required is several to several tens of times the amount used for the above purpose, and if the amount of aluminum powder added is large, foaming may occur. It begins to occur rapidly over time, making it extremely difficult to control the amount of foaming, and the curing time of the filler itself is shortened due to the heat generated by foaming, and the sudden increase in foaming pressure can cause unexpected damage to construction structures such as tunnel frameworks. In addition, the foaming agent generates hydrogen gas, and metal aluminum powder, for example, generates hydrogen gas by reacting with alkali, so it has an explosive limit. However, metal alkalis have the drawbacks of being difficult to handle safely, such as the risk of explosion due to low hydrogen gas, and metal alkalis are dangerous materials that may cause a fire, making them difficult to work with.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the conventional filling method using foamable fillers, has a small amount of breathing during construction, has good workability, and has a By discovering a light-gap roofing material with excellent uniformity, and by taking advantage of the fact that foaming progresses relatively slowly and the foaming pressure is moderate in the glare-shielding material, it is possible to backfill and cover tunnel linings. The purpose of this work is to provide an effective method for reinforcing concrete structures, filling the M gap at the back of underground structures, filling gaps in the ground, backfilling for underground construction, etc. .

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted various studies to develop a gap filling method for civil engineering and construction work having the above-mentioned preferable characteristics. Focusing on the fact that zeolite, especially calcined zeolite, generates a large amount of bubbles when water is added and functions as a foaming agent, he discovered that this purpose could be achieved by applying this to a hardening material. Based on this knowledge, we have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a construction method characterized by filling gaps in civil engineering and construction work with a filler prepared by adding foamable inorganic silicic acid powder/granules and water to a hardened material. It is something to do.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The foamable inorganic silicic acid powder/granules used in the present invention are preferably aluminum silicate powders, and zeolites, particularly calcined zeolites, are particularly preferred. The zeolite may be either a natural zeolite or a synthetic zeolite, but natural zeolite is common. Also,
Calcined zeolite is usually obtained by crushing and classifying these zeolites to adjust the particle size to a predetermined size, and then calcining it at 100 to 700℃, preferably 400 to 600℃. Those subjected to cooling or forced cooling to a lower temperature are preferably used.

In particular, when this calcined zeolite is used by forcing it to cool to a low temperature while adsorbing dry air at a low temperature of 10 degrees Celsius or less,
This is preferred because the amount of foaming increases. For example, Figure 1 shows 50
This is a graph showing the relationship between the forced cooling temperature of zeolite calcined to 0° C. and the amount of foaming, and it can be seen from this graph that the lower the forced cooling temperature is, the more the amount of foaming increases. In this way, the amount of foaming of calcined zeolite can be adjusted by changing the forced cooling temperature. The forced cooling is carried out by a conventional method, for example, by holding the product in a frozen warehouse under predetermined conditions, such as at a predetermined temperature, for a predetermined period of time.

The inorganic silicic acid powder/granules generally have a unique crystal structure, for example, like zeolite, which has a crystal structure in which 5iOz tetrahedrons of silicate are polymerized, and the spaces within the crystals are Usually, a foaming gas such as nitrogen, water, etc. are introduced, and it is assumed that the water contained therein is replaced by nitrogen, etc. in the air by firing at an appropriate temperature. The foaming mechanism is due to the action of replacing foaming gas such as nitrogen with water and generating nitrogen gas, and microbubbles of this gas are evenly generated in the material to form a uniform foamed solid. It is assumed that this will be generated. Nitrogen gas is a stable gas;
There is no risk of explosion as it is non-flammable.

The hardening material used in the present invention includes, for example, cement, Ceracola, lime, slaked lime, or a mixture thereof, or at least one kind of aggregate such as fine snow material such as sand, coarse aggregate such as gravel, gravel, etc. Alternatively, at least one type of filler such as clay, fly ash, slag, and solas, or a composition containing both of these aggregates and fillers may be used.

In the present invention, the amount of the expandable inorganic silicic acid powder/granules used varies depending on the type of hardening agent and the purpose of use, but is usually 5 to 70% by weight, preferably 5% to 70% by weight based on the total amount of both. is selected in the range of 10 to 40% by weight. If this amount is less than 5% by weight, the amount of foaming will be small and the effects of the present invention will not be fully exhibited, and if it exceeds 70% by weight, the strength will inevitably decrease.

Further, in the present invention, at least one selected from a foaming agent, a foaming agent, a rapidly curing additive, and a viscosity imparting agent can also be blended as an admixture.

This foaming agent may be any agent as long as it can physically introduce bubbles, and examples include those containing anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, or alkyl sulfonates. .

Further, the foaming agent may be any foaming agent as long as it can generate gas through a chemical reaction, and for example, aluminum powder, magnesium powder, etc. are used.

In addition, the rapid hardening additive is not particularly limited as long as it can impart rapid hardening, and examples include water glass, aluminate, rapid hardening inorganic salts such as carbonates such as sodium carbonate, cement minerals, and calcium. A material containing at least one quick setting agent such as sulfoaluminate as a main component is used.

Further, the viscosity imparting agent is not particularly limited as long as it can impart viscosity, and examples include clay minerals such as bentonite and sepiolite, and organic thickeners such as carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose ether compounds, and acrylic polymer compounds. etc. are used.

A composition consisting of the various components described above can be used to prepare a desired gap light beam material by adding water at the time of construction. At this time, it is preferable to thoroughly knead. The amount of water added is usually 10 to 100% by weight based on the amount of light insulation material.
, preferably in the range of 15 to 70% by weight. If this amount is less than 10% by weight, slurry formation will be insufficient and the effects of the present invention will not be fully exhibited, and if it exceeds 100% by weight, the strength will inevitably decrease.

The foaming rate of the gap-filled optical fiber material obtained in this way is usually 1 to 1.
It continues for about 5 hours, but the foaming amount reaches about 50 to 80% of the final foaming amount in about 5 to 20 minutes after kneading, so the remaining 5 hours
Due to the remaining foaming force of about 0 to 20%, the filler expands and invades insufficient filling or small voids even after filling with the filler, resulting in good filling performance.

For example, in the case of hollow light beams on the back of tunnel lining,
In general, the injection pressure is set at 2 to 3 kg, taking into account the effect on the lining.
Filling is controlled using a relatively small value of "f/crx" as a guideline, but if cracks occur in the lining or there is insufficient winding thickness, the injection pressure is restricted to an even smaller value. With such a small injection pressure, it is difficult to perform sufficient filling, and there is a high risk that a photoresist area will remain even after filling.Therefore, post-response photoresistance is required to compensate for such an insufficiently filled area.

According to the method of the present invention, since the filler foams slowly over several tens of minutes, it continues to foam even after injection. Good filling can be expected by foaming the filler. Moreover, the foaming pressure of the filler is very small (lJ+s+f/c112 or less), several kgf/c.
Unlike fillers using aluminum powder, etc., which generate foaming pressures of 1I2 or higher, there is no need to worry about the effect on the lining. In addition, since the bubbles generated by foaming are fine and highly uniform, there is very little risk of the bubbles falling out of the surface layer and causing a volume reduction, unlike when using conventional foaming agents.

Therefore, the method of the present invention is extremely suitable for purposes such as backfilling tunnel linings, reinforcing linings, and lighting gaps on the back of underground structures.

The characteristics of this gap light reinforcement material are explained using the attached drawings.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the blending ratio of zeolite to cement and the amount of foaming for an interstitial fiber material in which the ratio of water to the total amount of cement and zeolite is 60% by weight.

From this, by increasing the amount of zeolite blended, for example, in the case of Figure 2, the blending ratio becomes 0.
．． It can be seen that up to 1, the amount of foaming increases almost proportionally, but beyond that, even if the amount of zeolite is increased, the amount of foaming does not increase much.

Also, Ka3rl! J, the following A containing various foaming substances
- Relationship between the elapsed time and foaming amount after preparing the filler by kneading the gap optical fiber compositions of -1, A-2, X, and Y with water in an amount of 60% by weight. is shown in a graph. A-1 and A-2 are those of the present invention, consisting of cement and #1 calcined to 500'C, t & cooled to 20°C.
! The weight ratio with synthetic zeolite is 2:1 for the former and 5:1 for the latter, and X and Y are for comparison.
X is a foaming agent for cement (manufactured by Sanko Colloid Co., Ltd.,
A composition comprising 0.3% by weight of aluminum (trade name Sanko GP), Y is 0.03% by weight of aluminum based on cement.
This is a composition comprising:

This graph shows that when using a conventional foaming agent, there is almost no change in the amount of foaming over time, and when using a conventional foaming agent, the amount of foaming increases rapidly after 3 minutes. On the other hand, in the composition for interstitial optical fiber materials using the zeolite of the present invention, the final foaming amount was 60 to 60% after 10 minutes.
Approximately 70% foaming occurs, and the remaining 40-30% foaming progresses slowly, allowing the filler to penetrate into areas with insufficient filling and small voids even after the filling process, resulting in an excellent filling effect. I know what I can get.

Next, a composition of the present invention consisting of 5 parts by weight of cement and 1 part by weight of zeolite is compared with 60 parts by weight of water. Regarding the zeolite-based interstitial fiber material containing i amount%,
The mixture was kneaded at 40 rpm, placed in a casting mold, and left to solidify for one day. The amount of breathing and foaming that occurred during this process was measured. In addition, the entire solidified product was equally cut into three layers, upper, middle, and lower, and the average unit volume weight of each layer was determined. The results are shown in the table.

For comparison, we also prepared a composition for a gap optical fiber material (hereinafter referred to as Comparative Sample 1), which was prepared by adding 60% by weight of water and 0-03% by weight of aluminum powder to cement, and 60% by weight of water to cement. Regarding a composition for a gap optical fiber material (hereinafter referred to as comparative sample 2), which contains 0.03 weight percent of a foaming agent (manufactured by Sanco Colloid Co., Ltd., trade name Sancora GP), the same composition as the above optical fiber material was used. The amount of breathing after solidification, the amount of foaming, and the average unit volume weight of the upper, middle, and lower three layers were determined. The results are also shown in the table.

From this, both Comparative Samples 1 and 2 have a large amount of breathing, and in addition, in the case of Comparative Sample 2, the lower the layer, the higher the average unit volume weight, and the uniformity over the entire filler after consolidation. On the other hand, it can be seen that the gap fiber material obtained from the composition of the present invention has a small amount of breathing and excellent uniformity after solidification.

Functions and Effects of the Invention According to the method of the present invention, the amount of breathing during construction is small, the workability is good, the uniformity after consolidation is excellent, the foaming progresses relatively slowly, and the foaming pressure is also moderate. It has the remarkable effect of

Therefore, the method of the present invention is useful for civil engineering works, especially for backfilling tunnel linings and reinforcing linings, filling gaps at the back of underground structures and cavities caused by ground subsidence, and soft ground improvement work, especially for soft ground. It can be suitably used for light holes in the ground during consolidation injection work, backfilling for underground construction work, etc.

Moreover, the filler used in the method of the present invention can be easily prepared by simply adding water to the composition of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the cooling temperature of calcined zeolite and the amount of foaming, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of the amount of zeolite to cement and the amount of foaming in an example of the composition for interstitial fiber material of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between elapsed time and foaming amount while preparing various fillers. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Construction characterized by filling gaps in civil engineering and construction work with a filler prepared by adding foamable inorganic silicic acid powder/granules and water to a hardened material. Method. 2. The setting hardening agent is at least one inorganic hardening material selected from cement, gypsum, lime, and slaked lime,
2. The construction method according to claim 1, further comprising blending at least one type of aggregate. 3. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the expandable inorganic silicic acid powder/granules are calcined and crushed zeolite. 4. The construction method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the filler contains a foaming agent or a foaming agent as an admixture. 5. The filler contains a quick-setting additive containing at least one quick-setting agent selected from water glass, inorganic aluminates, quick-setting inorganic salts, cements, and calcium sulfoaluminate. The construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: 6. The construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the filler contains a viscosity imparting agent consisting of one or both of a clay mineral and an organic thickener. 7. A composition for a gap filler for civil engineering and construction work, which is made by blending a set hardening material with an expandable inorganic silicic acid powder/granule.