JPH0372108A - Lightweight water permeable member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the lightweight property and water permeability of the member stated in the title by wrapping the surfaces of numerous lightweight granular bodies with a cement type coupling material and coupling the granular bodies together, and also causing a number of water holes communicated with each other to form in the coupling material. CONSTITUTION:A number of lightweight granular bodies 11 are wrapped at their surfaces with a cement type coupling material 12 and are coupled together. A number of water holes 13 communicated with each other are formed in the coupling material 12 whereby a lightweight earth filling material 8 is formed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Fields] The present invention is applicable to ■ reclamation materials for coasts, lakes, etc., ■ road construction materials for soft ground areas, landslide areas, steep slope areas, etc., ■ slope protection members, etc. The present invention relates to a lightweight water-permeable member that is suitable for use in various applications.

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] (1)
Dredged earth and sand excavated from the water bottom and excavated earth and sand excavated on land are generally used as reclamation materials for beaches and lakes.

However, since dredged soil contains a large amount of water, there is a problem in that the reclaimed ground is generally slow to settle and its use as land is delayed.On the other hand, it takes a lot of effort to transport excavated soil from the excavation site to the reclaimed area. In addition, since the specific gravity of dredged soil and excavated soil is large when consolidated, the weight of the reclaimed ground becomes quite large.By adding the loading load on the reclaimed ground to this weight, the The ground reaction force became extremely large and there was a risk of ground subsidence.

(2) Next, common road construction materials include earth and sand, crushed stone, and concrete.

However, since these road construction materials have a high specific gravity, the weight of the road itself becomes considerably large. Therefore, when constructing a road in a soft ground area or landslide area with low soil bearing capacity, the soft ground must be dug to a depth that reaches a certain level of bearing capacity so that it can sufficiently support the weight of the road and the weight of vehicles. It was necessary to replace it with construction materials. Furthermore, when building a road in a steeply sloping area, it is necessary to drive a large number of anchor members into the steeply sloping surface in order to sufficiently hold the heavy road on the steeply sloping surface.

(3) Next, concrete blocks are generally used for block laying, which is a method of slope protection work.

However, since concrete blocks do not have drainage properties,
In order to effectively drain infiltrated water and spring water from the ground to the outside, it was necessary to form drainage holes through the concrete blocks at key points.

The present invention was made in order to solve the problems in various fields as mentioned above, and its purpose is to have excellent lightness, water permeability, strength and durability, and to be able to be used as landfill materials and road warning materials. The object of the present invention is to provide a novel lightweight water-permeable member suitable as a slope protection member and the like.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the lightweight water-permeable member of the present invention includes a large number of lightweight granules gathered in a substantially dense manner, wraps around the surface of each lightweight granule, and wraps the surface of each lightweight granule. It is composed of a cementitious binding material that connects lightweight granules, and a large number of water holes that communicate with each other and are formed in the cementitious binding material.

[Function] Since the lightweight water-permeable member of the present invention is formed from lightweight granules and a small amount of cement-based binder as raw materials, its specific gravity can be kept low, making it lightweight as a whole. Note that this specific gravity can be easily adjusted by simply changing the type, cell rate, particle size, etc. of the lightweight granules, or by changing the blending ratio of the lightweight granules and the cement-based binder.

Further, the lightweight water permeable member exhibits high water permeability due to the large number of water permeable holes that communicate with each other.

In addition, the lightweight water-permeable member has sufficient strength because the cement-based binding material wraps and binds each lightweight granule, and is resistant to oils, heat, ultraviolet rays, etc., and has high durability. .

[First Embodiment] The first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 embodies the present invention into a lightweight landfill material 8.

In the reclaimed area 1 of this embodiment, a foundation 3 is provided by pouring concrete on the original ground 2, and a plurality of concrete retaining wall members 4 are placed on the foundation 3 and connected in series. A reclaimed ground 5 is formed by heaping up the following materials on the back side of the retaining wall member 4.

That is, in this reclaimed ground 5, crushed stones 6, gravel, earth, etc. are piled up in contact with the back surface of the retaining wall member 4, and a lower nonwoven fabric 7 is spread on the original ground 2, and on the lower nonwoven fabric 7, for example, Company policy Landfill materials 8 in the form of rectangular parallelepiped blocks are piled up in two stages and connected to each other with reinforcing bars, etc. The lightweight landfill materials 8 are covered with an upper nonwoven fabric 9, and dredged earth and sand are placed on top of the upper nonwoven fabric 9. 10 or is formed by piling up excavated earth and sand.

The lightweight landfill material 8, as shown in FIG.
a cementitious binding material 12 that wraps around the surface of the lightweight granules 11 and binds between each of the lightweight granules 11;
It is composed of a large number of water holes 13 which are formed in and communicate with each other.

In this way, since the lightweight landfill material 8 is formed using the lightweight granules 11 and a small amount of the cement binder 12 as raw materials, its specific gravity can be kept low. The specific gravity can be easily adjusted by simply changing the type, cell rate, particle size, etc. of the lightweight granular material 11, which will be described later, or by changing the blending ratio of the lightweight granular material 11 and the cement-based binder 12.

The preferable specific gravity of the lightweight landfill material 8 is in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 for the following reason.

■ If it is less than 0.1, it will be easily scattered by normal wind, resulting in poor workability.

■ If the specific gravity is 0.1 or more and less than that of seawater, lake water, etc.,
Since buoyancy is generated even after reclamation, the weight of the entire reclaimed ground 5 and the load on the reclaimed ground 5 can be alleviated, and the reaction force of the original ground 2 can be reduced, which is highly effective in preventing ground subsidence. .

■ When the specific gravity of seawater, lake water, etc. is greater than 1.5,
Since there is no floating part on the water surface during reclamation, stability is good and the reclamation area 1 is easy to define. In addition, after the landfill, the weight of the entire reclaimed ground 5 is reduced due to its light weight.
The reaction force of the original ground 2 can be reduced, which is effective in preventing ground subsidence.

(2) If it exceeds 1.5, the above-mentioned stability will further increase, but there will be problems of increased transportation labor due to increased weight and increased costs due to increased materials.

Now, the material of the lightweight granular material 11 is not limited to a specific one, and examples thereof include foamed resin, lightweight aggregate (perlite grains, aerated concrete grains, etc.), etc. The cell rate (expansion ratio), The particle size, shape, etc. are not limited to specific ones, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use.In this example, closed-cell foamed substantially spherical expanded polystyrene particles are used.

The cementitious binder 12 is made of a cement-based material, and the encapsulation thickness for the lightweight granules 11 varies depending on the blending ratio of the lightweight granules 11 and the cementitious binder 12. Here, the term "cement material" refers to various materials such as cement paste, mortar, and concrete, which are made from cement as the main raw material. Also includes cellular mortar, cellular concrete, etc. In particular, since the latter cementitious binder 12 made of the aerated cement material is lightweight, it is easy to adjust the specific gravity of the lightweight landfill material 8 to a particularly low value.

In this embodiment, a cementitious binder 12 containing air bubbles is shown.

As a method for manufacturing the lightweight landfill material 8, the lightweight granular material 1
By mixing a cement material into 1 and stirring it, or by spraying the cement material on the surface of the lightweight granules 11,
After the cementitious material is attached to the entire surface of the lightweight granules 11, the cementitious material is hardened while the lightweight granules 11 are brought into contact with each other, for example, in a mold for forming the cementitious binder 12. Examples of methods for forming such a structure include:

Moreover, the strength of the lightweight landfill material 8 can be further increased by arranging the following reinforcing fibers, linear bodies, or net-like bodies inside it.

■ The fibers include metal fibers (including whiskers),
Examples include alkali-resistant glass fibers, ceramic fibers, and carbon fibers. These fibers can be dispersed in the cementitious binder 12 by being mixed into the cementitious material in advance.

■ The linear body may be a metal wire (generally a reinforcing bar),
Examples include alkali-resistant glass fiber threads and synthetic resin wires, and these linear bodies may be arranged, for example, in a lattice shape. These linear bodies can be placed at various locations when joining the lightweight granular bodies 11 together.

(2) Examples of the net-like body include metal nets, alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth or nets, synthetic resin nets, and the like.

These net-like bodies can be arranged in layers at predetermined intervals when the lightweight granular bodies 11 are combined. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a lightweight landfill material 8 is illustrated in which the mesh bodies 14 are arranged in layers.

Subsequently, the lower nonwoven fabric 7 is made of lightweight reclaimed material 8 as the original ground 2.
The upper nonwoven fabric 9 is intended to prevent clay and silt of the dredged soil 10 from falling and clogging the water holes 13, and is lightweight. It acts to maintain the drainage properties of the landfill material 8. The materials of these nonwoven fabrics are not particularly limited, and in this example, polypropylene nonwoven fabrics are used.

According to the first embodiment configured as described above, first, since the specific gravity of the lightweight landfill material 8 is small as described above, the weight of the entire reclaimed ground 5 is reduced, and the load on the reclaimed ground 5 is reduced. It can also be relaxed. Therefore, the reaction force of the original ground 2 is reduced, and ground subsidence can be prevented.

In addition, the lightweight landfill material 8 has a large number of water holes 1 that communicate with each other.
3 exhibits high water permeability, so a large amount of water contained in the original ground 2 and dredged soil 10 is quickly drained due to the high drainage performance of the lightweight landfill material 8. Therefore, the ground settles more quickly and the land can be used more quickly, making it particularly suitable for wide-area reclamation. Furthermore, after the ground has settled, the reclaimed area 1 will have very good drainage.

Furthermore, the lightweight landfill material 8 has a cement-based binding material 12.
Since the lightweight granules 11 are wrapped around each other and bonded together, they have sufficient strength, are resistant to oil and fat, and have high durability. Furthermore, since the lightweight landfill material 8 does not contain materials that emit poisonous substances or bad odors, there is no need to worry about polluting the environment.

[Second Embodiment] The second embodiment shown in FIG.
This is a concrete example of this.

The road 15 of this embodiment has a roadbed 1 excavated from soft ground 16.
A lightweight road construction material 18 is placed on top of the road construction material 7, crushed stone 19 and earth and sand are placed on top of the lightweight road construction material 18, and concrete 20 is poured on top of the crushed stone 19 and the like.

The lightweight road construction material 8 has substantially the same structure as the lightweight landfill material 8 of the first embodiment, and has a small specific gravity, so that the weight of the entire road 15 can be reduced. Therefore, even in the soft ground 16 with low bearing capacity, the weight of the road 5 and the weight of the vehicle can be sufficiently supported without digging the roadbed 17 very deep.

Note that if this lightweight road construction material 18 is used as a road construction material in a steeply sloping area, the weight of the road itself will be reduced, so the number of anchor members to be driven into the steeply sloping surface can be reduced.

[Third Embodiment] The third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 embodies the present invention in a water-permeable block 23 for protecting slopes.

In the slope structure 21 of this embodiment, square plate-shaped water-permeable blocks 23 are stacked on a slope 22 with a gentle slope, and plants are planted in the cutout holes 25 for vegetation formed in each water-permeable block 23. This is what I did.

The water-permeable block 23 of this embodiment is made of lightweight granular material 11 which is substantially the same as the lightweight landfill material 8 of the first embodiment. Although it is composed of a cement-based binder 12 and water holes 13, fibers 24 instead of the net-like body 14 are dispersed inside.

Further, another example of the water permeable block 23 shown in FIG. 5 is fitted onto a frame member 26 arranged in a lattice shape.

According to the third embodiment, since the water-permeable block 23 itself has drainage properties, infiltrated water or spring water from the ground passes through the water-permeable block 23 and is efficiently drained to the outside. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to form a drainage port through the block as in the prior art.

In addition, the cement-based binder 12 protects the lightweight granular material 11 from ultraviolet rays, oil, heat, etc., and the water-permeable block 23
has high durability.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-mentioned embodiments, and can be modified and embodied as desired without departing from the spirit of the invention, for example, as follows.

(1> The shape of the lightweight landfill material 8 and the lightweight road construction material 18 is not necessarily limited to a block shape, and may be divided into a large number of small blocks, for example.

(2) The present invention can also be embodied in uses other than the above embodiments.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the lightweight water permeable member of the present invention is constructed as described above, it has excellent performance in terms of lightness, water permeability, strength and durability, and is particularly suitable for use as landfill materials, road construction materials, and legal materials. It has an excellent effect of being suitable as a surface protection member, etc.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing the lightweight landfill material of the first embodiment, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the reclaimed area using the same material, and Fig. 3 is the lightweight road construction of the second embodiment. A sectional view showing a road using the material, Figure 4 is a perspective view showing a slope structure using water permeable blocks of the third embodiment, and Figure 5 shows a slope structure using another example of water permeable blocks. FIG. 8...Lightweight landfill material as a lightweight water-permeable member, 11.
...Lightweight granular material, 12...Cement-based binding material, 13...Water hole,

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A large number of lightweight particles (11) gathered almost densely,
A cement-based binding material (12) that wraps the surface of each lightweight granule (11) and binds between each lightweight granule (11)
) and a large number of mutually communicating water holes (13) formed in the cementitious binder (12).