JPH0788204A - Whole-house pressurized smoke preventive system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent smoke leaking to a corridor from any room in fire, in which no significantly large energy is required in order to pressurize the evacuation path. CONSTITUTION:A smoke preventive system concerned comprises a changeover damper 28 to switch connection and disconnection of an air conditioning heatexchanger with/ from the air exhaust system in conformity to a command given, an air conditioning/ pressurized smoke exhaust fan 29 in which the drive power is switched according to the command given and which supplies air into a well provided as stretching through a building, and a pressurized air supply damper which is shut normally and opens for air supplying from the well to a corridor only for non-fire floors according to commands given. The arrangement further includes an outer air take-in damper 22 which is left open normally and is shut with the command for taking the air conditioning air into applicable room(s) from the well, smoke-sensitive FD-fitted dampers 24 which are installed in respective rooms and are closed with the temp. exceeding the specified level or interlocking with dampers closing at other floor, smoke exhaust dampers 25 which are installed in respective rooms and are opened and closed according to the command, and command issuing means which emit appropriate commands.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an entire building pressurized smoke prevention system for preventing smoke from leaking from a fire room to a corridor when a fire occurs in a high-rise building or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, various pressure smoke prevention systems have been proposed. For example, if a fire breaks out on a certain floor, pressurize the emergency elevator hall and attached room, send pressurized air to the fire room through the corridor, and discharge smoke from the fire room to prevent smoke from leaking into the corridor. What to do is proposed. Also,
In high-rise buildings, the building is divided into upper and lower parts in the middle, and pressurized air is sent from the annex to all atriums except the fire room on the side where the fire occurred and the offices that are open are pressurized and passed through the atrium. It has also been proposed to send pressurized air to the firebox to exhaust smoke from the firebox to prevent smoke from leaking throughout the building.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned system for pressurizing the emergency elevator hall on the floor where the fire has occurred to prevent smoke from leaking into the corridor, floors other than the fire floor are pressurized. In the unlikely event that smoke leaks into the corridor, there is a danger that smoke will flow to the non-fire floor through the elevator tower, stairs, etc. Also, in the method of pressurizing all offices and the atrium by dividing the building into upper and lower parts, except for the fire room on the side where the fire started, even if the building was divided into upper and lower parts, the energy required for pressurization would be extremely large. There was a problem of being lost.

[0004] The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provides a pressurization smoke prevention system for the whole building which does not require so much energy for pressurization and can prevent smoke from leaking from the fire room to the corridor. The purpose is to provide.

[0005]

The entire building pressurized smoke prevention system according to the present invention has a switching damper for switching between connection and disconnection of an air conditioner heat exchanger and an exhaust system according to a command, and a driving power for a building. A fan for air-conditioning and pressurized smoke exhaust that supplies air into the through-hole that extends through, and a pressurized air-supply damper that is normally closed and opens only the non-fire floor on command to supply air from the through-hole to the corridor. It is closed according to a command, and it is normally opened and the outside air intake damper for taking in the outside air for air conditioning from the blow-through to each room, and it is installed in each room and closed at a predetermined temperature or higher, or in conjunction with the closure of dampers on other floors. Equipped with smoke sensation exhaust dampers, smoke exhaust dampers installed in each room that can be opened and closed by commands, and command generation means for issuing each of the above commands, and for air conditioning by commands issued when a fire occurs With blocking the exchanger from the exhaust system, the fan for air conditioning and compressed exhaust smoke and full power drive,
The outside air intake damper on each floor is closed and air is supplied to the corridor from the blow-through through the pressurized air supply damper on the non-fire floor, and the corridor on the fire floor is pressurized through the vertical shaft.

[0006]

According to the present invention, an air-conditioning ventilation fan is used to pressurize everything except the fire floor through the blow-through of the building so that the fire chamber is smoked. , Air shall be supplied to the corridors on the non-fire floor from the stairwell and all vertical shafts to pressurize the corridors on the fire floor to secure a pressure difference between the fire room and the corridor to prevent smoke from leaking into the corridor. In the present invention, each office room is not pressurized and only the corridor and vertical shafts are pressurized through the stairwell, so not much energy is required. Also, since all corridors and vertical shafts are pressurized, other floors are not compressed. It is possible to completely prevent smoke from leaking to the smoke prevention system with high safety.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the smoke prevention system of the present invention, and FIG.
Is a view for explaining a pressurized smoke prevention method, FIG. 3 is a sectional view for explaining a smoke prevention system of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a view showing a fire floor,
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a non-fire floor. In the figure, 10 is a building, 1
1 is a stairwell, 12 is a corridor, 13 is a vertical shaft, 14 is a fire floor, 15 is an office, 20 is an air conditioning and pressurized smoke exhaust fan,
Reference numeral 21 is a duct, 22 is a damper for taking in outside air, 23 is a smoke exhaust damper, 24 is a smoke-sensing interlocking 72 ° C FD damper,
25 is a smoke exhaust damper, 26 is an exhaust duct that also serves as smoke exhaust, 27
Is a total heat exchanger, 28 is a switching damper, and 29 is a pressurized air supply damper.

The concept of the smoke proof system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The pressurization system supplies air to the stairwell 11 extending through the building 10 () and to the corridor 12 of the entire building except the fire floor (). Stairwell 11 and corridor 1
The pressurized air supplied through 2 pressurizes the corridor on the fire floor through the vertical shaft 13 such as the air supply shaft, the elevator shaft, and the stairs (), and secures the differential pressure between the corridor on the fire floor and the fire room, Smoke on the fire floor is exhausted outside through the smoke exhaust duct. Continuing to discharge smoke in the fire room can prevent smoke from leaking into the corridor, resulting in a highly safe smoke prevention system.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the rooftop total heat exchanger 27 draws the heat from the exhaust air and exhausts it to the outside air, and the switching damper 28 that can be switched when a fire occurs by an operation button or a command from the disaster prevention panel also serves as a smoke exhauster. It is designed to be separated from the exhaust duct 26. The air conditioning / pressurized smoke exhaust fan 20 is driven at full power during smoke exhaust and about 40% of full power during normal air conditioning, and supplies air through the duct 21 to the blow-through 11 extending vertically through the building. The outside air intake damper 22 of the air conditioner in each office is for taking in outside air directly from the blow-through 11 to the office during normal air conditioning, and is closed when a fire occurs by a command from the operation button or the disaster prevention panel. 72 ° C FD (Fire Dump)
The r) damper 24 is a damper that works in conjunction with a smoke detector (not shown) and that automatically closes when the temperature rises to 72 ° C. or higher. It exhausts air during normal air conditioning, and the damper on the fire floor closes. In response to this, the dampers on the non-fire floors are also closed to prevent smoke from entering through the ducts. The smoke exhaust damper 23 of each office is normally closed, and only the fire room opens when a fire occurs due to a command from the operation button or the disaster prevention board, and it automatically closes when the temperature reaches 280 ° C or higher. There is. Flue gas damper 2
Reference numeral 5 is always closed and is provided for exhausting smoke in case of smoke leakage in the corridor. Pressurized air supply damper 2
9 is closed during normal air conditioning, and is opened only on a non-fire floor when a fire occurs in response to a command from the operation button or the disaster prevention panel.

Next, the operation will be described. During normal air conditioning, the blower 11 is supplied with air by a fan that is driven at about 40% of full power, and the office air is supplied from the blower through the outside air intake damper 22 of the air conditioner. 72 ° C FD (Fire Damp)
exhaust duct 26 that also serves as smoke exhaust through the damper 24 with
Is exhausted to the outside and is exhausted through the total heat exchanger 27 on the roof to supply outside air to the whole building.

When a fire breaks out on one floor and the operation buttons on that floor are operated, or by a command from the disaster prevention board,
The damper 22 for taking in outside air is closed, the switching damper 28 is switched, the total heat exchanger 27 is separated from the exhaust duct for smoke exhaust, and the air conditioning and pressurized smoke exhaust fan 20 is driven at full power. At the same time, the pressurized air supply damper 29 on each floor other than the fire floor is opened. Further, the smoke-sensing 72 ° C FD-equipped damper 24 in the fire room is shut off, and the smoke exhaust damper 23 is opened. In this state, the air is supplied from the full-power air conditioning / compressed smoke exhaust fan 20 through the duct 21 into the blow-through 11, and the compressed air is supplied to the corridor through the compressed air supply damper on the non-fire floor, and the compressed air is supplied. Air is supplied to the corridor on the fire floor through the air shaft 13.

That is, in the non-fire floor, as shown in FIG. 5, air is supplied to the corridor from the stairwell, and pressurized air is supplied through the elevator hall, stairs, and the pressurized air supply shaft 13 (vertical shaft). On the other hand, on the fire floor, as shown in FIG. 4, the corridor is pressurized through stairs, elevator halls, stairwells, and the like. Also, smoke exhaust damper 2 in the fire room
The smoke is continuously exhausted through 3. At this time, the smoke-sensing 72 ° C FD-equipped damper 24 and smoke exhaust damper 23 on the non-fire floor
Since it is closed, no smoke can enter through the duct.
When the temperature reaches 280 ° C or higher, the smoke exhaust damper 23 is also closed.

As described above, since the pressurized air is supplied to the whole building through the blow-through using the air conditioning and pressurized smoke exhaust fan, and the pressure difference between the fire room and the corridor is secured, smoke leakage from the fire room to the corridor is prevented. It can be surely prevented. Also, since air is supplied through the blow-through and the office room is not pressurized, it is possible to pressurize the entire building to prevent smoke without requiring so much energy.

[0014]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the pressure is applied to the corridor on the fire floor through all the vertical shafts, the leakage of smoke to the upper floor through the vertical shafts, which is most feared at the time of a fire, is prevented. The fear can be extremely reduced, and since the air is supplied through the blow-through, it is possible to pressurize the whole building without requiring much energy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a smoke prevention system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a pressure smoke prevention method.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the smoke prevention system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a fire floor.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a non-fire floor.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Building, 11 ... Stairwell, 12 ... Corridor, 13 ... Vertical shaft, 14 ... Fire floor, 15 ... Office, 20 ... Air conditioning and pressurized smoke exhaust fan, 21 ... Duct, 22 ... External air intake damper, 23 ... Exhaust smoke damper, 24 ... 72 ° C F
Damper with D, 25 ... Smoke exhaust damper, 26 ... Smoke exhaust / exhaust duct, 27 ... Total heat exchanger, 28 ... Switching damper, 2
9 ... Pressurized air supply damper.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Kenichiro Sakamoto 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Jun Suzuki 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction stock company

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A switching damper for switching between connection and disconnection of an air conditioning heat exchanger and an exhaust system according to a command, and a drive power is switched according to a command for supplying air into a blow-through that extends through a building. Fan and a compressed air supply damper that is normally closed and opens only the non-fire floor on command to supply air from the stairwell to the corridor, and normally opens to take outside air for air conditioning from the stairwell to each room The outside air intake damper that is closed according to the command and the smoke sensation exhaust damper that is installed in each room and closes at a predetermined temperature or in conjunction with the closure of dampers on other floors, and is installed in each room and can be opened and closed by the command Equipped with a smoke exhaust damper and command generating means for issuing each of the above commands, the heat exchanger for air conditioning is shut off from the exhaust system by the command issued when a fire occurs, and the air conditioning and pressurization are performed. Fully power the smoke exhaust fan,
The whole building pressurized smoke prevention system characterized in that the outside air intake dampers on each floor were closed and air was supplied to the corridor from the blow-through through the pressurized air supply dampers on the non-fire floors and the vertical shafts were used to pressurize the corridors on the fire floors. system.