JPH0782326B2 - Motif playing device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a motif playing device for automatically playing a motif.

[Summary of the Invention] In the present invention, information indicating a performance motif is stored, and the motif information is individually read and output while each of the instructing means for instructing the sound emission of a musical tone is operated. It is a thing. As a result, the performance content changes according to the pattern of the motif information even if the operation of the instruction means does not change. Further, as long as the operation of the instructing means continues, a plurality of musical tones are automatically produced in succession according to the pattern of the motif information, so that the musical performance can be performed easily. Further, the automatic performance can be performed only while the instruction means is being operated, and if the automatic performance is to be stopped, the operation of the instruction means may be stopped. While being able to participate in automatic performance. Moreover, the performance according to the motif is performed independently for each operation of each instruction means, and the ensemble can be performed at different timings.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, electronic musical instruments having an automatic accompaniment function for automatically performing accompaniment have been widely known. In such an automatic accompaniment instrument, when the automatic rhythm performance is started first and then the accompaniment key is operated, the chord and root (root note) accompaniment sound assigned to the accompaniment key are interlocked with the automatic rhythm performance. Is emitted.

Also, an electronic musical instrument that plays a rhythm by playing on a keyboard is known. In such an electronic musical instrument, each part sound of a rhythm performance such as a drum sound and a cymbal sound is assigned to each key of the keyboard, and each part sound is set to 1 in response to key-on.
It is a sound output.

Furthermore, electronic musical instruments that automatically perform melody are also widely known. Such an automatic musical instrument stores automatic musical performance pattern data, reads the automatic musical performance pattern data in response to an operation of the automatic musical performance start switch, and sequentially generates musical tones according to the read data. It is a sound.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-mentioned automatic accompaniment instrument, the chord and the root assigned to one accompaniment key are completely fixed, and as long as the accompaniment key is operated continuously, The code and route were unchanged at all.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument for performing rhythm performance with the above-mentioned keyboard, only one key-on is pronounced once, and in order to perform normal rhythm performance, it is necessary to perform key operation which requires considerable skill, I couldn't play rhythm easily.

Further, in the above-mentioned automatic musical instrument, when the start switch is pressed, the automatic musical performance starts mechanically, and the performer cannot participate in this automatic musical performance while playing, and it is impossible to change the musical performance. Met.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the content of the accompaniment can be changed even by pressing one accompaniment key, and the rhythm performance can be performed easily.
Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a motif playing device in which a performer can participate in automatic playing while playing. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a motif playing device that allows ensemble at different timings and has room for practice of playing at the timings.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, information indicating a motif of a performance is stored, and while each of the instructing means for instructing to emit a musical tone is operated, The above motif information is individually read and output. The performance according to the motif is independently performed for each operation of the instruction means.

An example is shown in FIG. 1C, in which various adlib motif patterns indicated by numbers 1 to 16 are assigned to each key of the keyboard 13. This pattern shows an adlib motif of a melody sound in a 16-beat rhythm, and there are other adlib motifs of accompaniment chord sounds and rhythm sounds, and there are also those corresponding to other rhythms. The data format example of this ad lib motif is as shown in Figure 2A for melody sounds, Figure 2B for rhythm sounds, and 2C for accompaniment chord sounds.
As shown in the figure. Then, as shown in FIGS. 17D and 17E, the sequence processing of the melody 1 motif and the melody 2 motif, and the sequence processing of the rhythm 1 motif and the rhythm 2 motif are independently performed based on key-on. To be executed.

[Operation] As a result, if the stored motif information is related to the accompaniment, the accompaniment content may be changed and the chord and the root may be changed according to the motif pattern even if the operation of the instruction means is not changed. become. In addition, if the stored motif information is about rhythm, as long as the operation of the instruction means continues, a plurality of rhythm sounds will automatically sound continuously in accordance with this motif pattern, and a rhythm performance can be performed comfortably. it can. Furthermore, if the memorized motif information is about melody performance, the melody performance can be automatically performed only while operating the instruction means.
If the player wants to stop the automatic melody performance, the operation of the instruction means may be stopped, and the player can participate in the automatic melody performance while operating the performance of the instruction means. And you can ensemble the performance of each motif at different timings,
You can hone your skills to match the timing. Here, the motif is a concept including a phrase, a period, a plurality of periods, and the like.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<Ad-lib motif data format> Figure 1A shows the ad-lib motif pattern area 42 of ROM19.
2 shows one format of the adlib motif data stored in. Exactly the same as the ad lib motif pattern area 42 is transferred and stored in the RAM 20 as the ad lib motif pattern area 47. This adlib motif corresponds to the 16-beat rhythm of the adlib motif first melody described later.
Are stored in the addresses from "000 _H (H is a symbol indicating hexadecimal number)" to "3FF _H ".

The area from "000 _H " to "020 _H " is the ad-lib motif start address area 42a (47a), and the area from "020 _H " to "060 _H " is the ad-lib motif assign area. 42b (47b) and "060 _H "
The address from the address to the address "092 _H " is the ad-lib motif data of the pattern "0", and the address from the address "092 _H " to the address "0AE _H " is the ad-lib motif data of the pattern "1". Similarly, the pattern "2", "3" ... ad-lib motif data is a continuation of, the last of pattern "ad-lib motif data of 15" is located to the front of the "3C6 _H" address, what is up after this "3FF _H" address Is not remembered. Therefore, the adlib motif data corresponding to the 16-beat rhythm of the first adlib motif melody is composed of pattern data of 16 types of adlib motifs.

<Ad-lib motif start address list> The stored contents of the ad-lib motif start address area 42a (47a) from the address "000 _H " to the address "020 _H " are as shown in FIG. 1B. In this area, the pattern "0" to the pattern "15" of the ad lib motif data
For each of the above, the above-mentioned head address of the stored area is stored. A storage capacity of 2 addresses is required to store one head address.

<Adlib motif assignment list> The adlib motif assignment area 42b (47b) from the above-mentioned "020 _H " to "060 _H " stores the pattern number of the adlib motif assigned to each key of the keyboard 13. The stored contents are as shown in FIG. 1C.

Time signature data is stored in the address of the major clock, and as shown in FIG. 7, it is determined that the number of clocks corresponding to each time is 48 clocks per quarter note. This major clock is usually determined by the rhythm to which the adlib motif belongs.

At each address of the auto arpeggio, the auto bass, the first auto rhythm (drum system), and the second auto rhythm (cymbal system), the pattern numbers of these accompaniments are stored. The ad lib motif data is also used for the auto arpeggio, auto bass, first auto rhythm, and second auto rhythm (hereinafter referred to as auto auto motif), and the start / stop switch 38 is turned on instead of the key 13 on the keyboard. To be done. The rhythm delay indicates a delay time between the start time of the first auto rhythm and the start time of the second auto rhythm. Note that these auto motifs may include melodies, chords, and the like.

At the key numbers 24 to 72, the pattern number of the adlib motif assigned to each key of the keyboard 13 is stored. This pattern number indicates the type of pattern of the adlib motif shown in FIG. 1A. As shown in FIG. 5B, the key numbers 24-72 indicate the respective keys of the keyboard 13, of which the key numbers 24-43 constitute the lower keyboard 13b and the key numbers 44-72 constitute the upper keyboard 13a. There is. This lower keyboard 1
3b, the fixed area in the upper keyboard 13a is fixed so that the pattern number of the ad lib motif assigned to each key cannot be changed, and the assignable area changes the pattern number of the ad lib motif assigned to each key. It is possible.

<Adlib Motif Area Designation Table 41> FIG. 3 shows the adlib motif area designation table 41 of the ROM 19, in which the start addresses of the respective storage areas of the adlib motif are stored. The ad-lib motif is composed of five ad-lib motif first melody, ad-lib motif second melody, ad-lib motif base, ad-lib motif rhythm, and ad-lib motif chord. Each of these adlib motifs is further stored for 16 rhythms such as 16 beats and disco, and a total of 5 × 16 = 80 adlib motifs are stored. And one of these adlib motifs consists of 16 patterns, as shown in FIG. 1A, and has a total of 80 × 16.
= 1280 patterns of adlib motifs are stored in ROM19.

Five selections of this ad lib motif first melody, ad lib motif second melody, ad lib motif base, ad lib motif rhythm, and ad lib motif chord
As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, each mode is determined by the operation keyboard.

This 1280 patterns of ad lib motif includes the ad lib motif start address list and ad lib motif assignment list described above, and is all RAM20 when the power is turned on.
Transferred to. This is because the content of the adlib motif can be changed and the pattern of the adlib motif assigned to the assignable area of the keyboard 13 can be changed by transferring to the writable RAM 20.

<Data Format of Adlib Motif> FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C show specific data formats of the adlib motif. Of these, the first
FIG. 2A shows a data format based on the ad lib motif first melody, the ad lib motif second melody, and the ad lib motif. FIG. 2B shows a data format of adlib motif rhythm data. FIG. 2C shows a data format of adlib motif code data.

The ad-lib motif first melody, the ad-lib motif second melody, and the ad-lib motif-based ad-lib motif data shown in FIG. 2A are composed of a plurality of note data corresponding to the performance pattern. The tone color data of the melody tone is stored. The note data consists of key number, gate time, velocity and step time data. Tone data is
It consists of both the timbre number of the melody sound and the step time data.

The key number is a number indicating each key of the keyboard 13 and indicates a pitch. The gate time indicates the length of time from key-on to key-off. The velocity is data indicating the operation speed or operation strength of the operation keys of the keyboard 13. The step time indicates the time length from the key-on of the immediately preceding note data or the change of the tone color data to the key-on of the note data.

The timbre number is data indicating the timbre of the melody sound,
As shown in Fig. 6, if the strings are "0",
0 _H ”, brass (golden tube) is“ 04 _H ”, representing 32 kinds of tones. The step time of the tone color data at the leading address is "00 ... 0", and the tone color corresponding to this tone color data is set immediately after the start of the ad lib motif performance. The step time of the tone color data where the tone color changes indicates the time length from the key-on of the previous note data or the tone color data change to the timing of the tone color change.

Repeat data is stored at the end. The repeat data is a command indicating returning to the head address, and this ad-lib motif pattern is repeated as long as key-on is performed. This repeat data consists of a command of "11 ... 1" and step time. This step time indicates the time length from the key-on of the immediately preceding note data or the change of the tone color data to the repeat timing. The repeat timing in this case usually takes an integral multiple of one bar.

The ad-lib motif rhythm data in FIG. 2B is composed of a plurality of beat data corresponding to the rhythm pattern, and the timbre data of the rhythm sound is stored at the place where the timbre changes and the leading address. The beat data is composed of both velocity data and step time data. The timbre data consists of both the corresponding lower key number and step time data.

The lower key number is the number "2" as shown in Figure 5B.
The keys "4" to "43" are shown, and the rhythm tone numbers of the bass drum, hi-hat, etc. are not directly shown. However, by using the rhythm tone color table 44 of the ROM 19 shown in FIG. 8, the lower key number is decoded into the rhythm tone color number indicating the bass drum, hi-hat, and the like. At this time, the pronunciation key number is also decoded and output.

Rhythm tone color number, as shown in FIG. 6, "00 _H" -
"3 C _H " indicates a drum-type tone, and "40 _H " or higher indicates a cymbal-type tone. The drum-type tone color is assigned to the white key, and the cymbal-type tone color is assigned to the black key, so that the rhythm tone color system can be changed according to the key color. Of course, other allocation forms may be adopted.

The pronunciation key number changes the pitch (pronunciation frequency) of even a rhythm sound, and key numbers "121" to "127" are used. This key number is a value on the extension of the lower key number and the upper key number shown in FIG. 5, but the sounding frequency is not on the extension and is completely different.
Independent values for all seven types. As a result, for example, the same rhythm tone color number can be used for the rotom, mid-tom, and high-tom, and different tone key numbers can be used, and the amount of tone color information can be reduced. Of course, different rhythm tone numbers may be assigned to the rotom, mid tom, and high tom, and accordingly, the lower key number in FIG. 2B may be used as the rhythm tone number.

Other velocities, step times, etc. are the same as the adlib motif data in FIG. 2A described above. Note that FIG. 9 shows the key discrimination decoder 45 of the ROM 19,
The white key, the black key, the upper, and the lower are discriminated by the output of the decoder 45 with respect to the key numbers of "4" to "72".

The adlib motif rhythm data does not include the gate time, but is set to "1" at the stage of being set in the buffer 49 in steps 197, 209 and 507. Of course, other values may be used.

The ad lib motif code data in FIG. 2C is composed of a plurality of code data corresponding to the code pattern. This chord data is composed of chords, data indicating a root (root note), and step time data. The chord and the root indicate the contents of the accompaniment, and the chord root table 43 of the ROM 19 decodes and outputs the key number of the actual emitted music sound.

Other step times and the like are the same as the adlib motif data in FIG. 2A described above. Note that the code route table 43 can also be used to decode and output the code and route from the actual operation key number.

Such ad-lib motif data is shown in Figures 2A and 2B.
The format is not limited to the format shown in FIG. 2C, and tone data such as volume and effect may be further added. On the contrary, in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the velocity of the currently pressed key may be used by omitting the velocity, or the tone data may be omitted and selected by the tone switch 33 when the motif is played. The tone color data may be set in the assignment memory 4. Also, the tone number and velocity may be grouped together and stored in the form of a tone number. In addition, gate time is added to the adlib motif rhythm shown in Figure 2B, tone number, tone number, velocity, gate time, etc. are added to the adlib motif chord shown in Figure 2C. It may be determined based on the pitch of the operation key of. In addition, the last repeat data of the adlib motif data can be omitted.

<Overall Circuit> FIG. 4 shows an overall circuit diagram of the motif playing apparatus. The operation contents of the keyboard 13 are scanned by the key scan circuit 14 and stored in the key switch memory 1. The operation contents of the panel switch board 15 are scanned by the panel scan circuit 16 and stored in the panel switch memory 2. The stored contents of the panel switch memory 2 are transferred to the panel display memory 3 after being processed by the CPU 12, and the panel display circuit 18 is operated by the panel LE based on the transferred contents.
Each LED of the D group 17 is turned on or off.

<Normal playing> During normal playing, the key number corresponding to the operation key on the keyboard 13 is temporarily set by the CPU 12 to the ring buffer 4
After being written in 9, the data is written in the assignment memory 4 of the tone generating circuit 24 and channel assignment is performed. At this time, velocity data indicating the operation speed or operation pressure of the operation key and the tone color number (tone color data) of the melody tone or rhythm tone selected by the panel switch board 15 are also written in the ring buffer 49. Then, the tone number is determined based on the velocity data and the tone color number, and written in the assignment memory 4.

The tone number is determined based on FIG. That is, the timbre number of the melody or rhythm sound is 6
It is a bit, and the upper 2 bits of velocity data are added to the lower part of the 6-bit tone color number to determine the tone number. Therefore, even with the same tone number, there are four stages of velocity data (“00”, “01”, “10”, “11”)
The tone number changes according to.

Of course, the key split function may be realized by adding the upper 2 bits of the key number to the lower part of the 6-bit tone color number to form a tone number. Furthermore, it is also possible to obtain 2-bit data from velocity data or a key number using a conversion ROM or the like, and use this as the lower 2 bits of the tone number.

The ring buffer 49 has the configuration shown in FIG. 10, and note data is written in the order of key operations. This note data is
It consists of key number, gate time, velocity, and tone color number, and these data are as described in FIGS. 2A and 6. However, in this case, one note data is separated into one for key-on and one for key-off, and the gate time is a command for switching to key-on (“11 ... 1 (255)” and a command for switching to key-off ( "00 ... 0 (0)").
When a value of "1" to "254" is taken, it indicates the time length from key-on to key-off. 1-bit on / off data is added to the upper part of the key number to indicate whether the note data is key-on (1) or key-off (0).

As shown in FIG. 11, the assignment memory 4 has the highest
16 tones can be written, and a 16-channel tone generation system is configured. The waveform data and envelope data corresponding to the tone number set in the assignment memory 4 are read out from the ROM 23, and D
Sound is output from the sound system 26 via the A converter 25. In this case, the waveform data is read at a speed according to the key number.

On / off data, key number, gate time / envelope, velocity, and tone number are stored in each channel area of the assignment memory 4. At the gate time / envelope address, the gate time (time from key-on to key-off) is set after key-on, and the envelope level data is set after key-off. Other on / off data, key numbers, velocities, and tone numbers are as described above.

<< OFA mode >> In OFA (one-finger ad lib) mode, that is, in the mode that automatically plays the ad lib motif pattern assigned to each key by operating each key, the key number corresponding to the operation key of the keyboard 13 is set by the CPU 12. , The data of the ad lib motif pattern assigned to each key is RAM2.
The data is read from the ad-lib motif pattern area 47 of 0, once written in the ring buffer 49, and then written in the assignment memory 4 of the tone generation circuit 24, and channel assignment is performed. The ad-lib motif data is a relatively short performance pattern composed of a combination of musical tone data of several tones, and is a concept including phrases, periods, and a plurality of periods.

Also at this time, the tone number is determined based on the velocity of the adlib motif written in the ring buffer 49 and the tone color (lower key number), and is written in the assignment memory 4. Further, the chord data indicating the chord and the root (root note) is given to the chord route table 43 of the ROM 19, the key number of the corresponding actual musical sound is read out, once written in the ring buffer 49, and then assigned. It is written in the memory 4.

<When recording an ad-lib motif> In the recording mode of the ad-lib motif, the key number corresponding to the operation key of the keyboard 13, the velocity, and the tone number of the melody tone corresponding to the selected tone switch 33 of the panel switch board 15 are recorded in RAM20 by the CPU12. After writing sequentially to buffer 48, the specified keyboard 13
It is written in the ad lib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 as the ad lib motif pattern assigned to the key. The record buffer 48 has the same structure as the ring buffer 49, as shown in FIG.

Also at this time, for the chord accompaniment, the key number corresponding to the operation key is given to the chord route table 43 of the ROM 19, and the chord data indicating the corresponding chord and the root (root note) is read and recorded. For rhythm performance, the lower key number corresponding to the operation key is recorded as it is.

Even during the recording of the adlib motif, the key number, the chord, the route, etc. are once written in the ring buffer 49 and then in the assignment memory 4 as in the normal performance, and the musical tone is generated and emitted.

In addition, the SCI (serial communication interface) circuit 10 can be used to
This is a circuit for interfacing musical tone data of MIDI (Musical Instruments Digital Interface) specifications. The tone data input to the SCI circuit 10 can be used for any of the above-described normal performance, automatic performance of adlib motif pattern, and recording of adlib motif.

There is input of new musical sound data to the SCI circuit 10,
When new musical tone data is written from the keyboard 13 to the key switch memory 1 or new melody tone number data or mode data is written from the panel switch board 15 to the panel switch memory 2, the interrupt signals INT1, INT3, INT4 is input to the CPU 12 to perform new musical tone data, tone color number, normal performance according to mode data, automatic performance of adlib motif pattern, and recording of adlib motif.

Also, the interrupt signal INT2 is input from the programmable timer 11 to the CPU 12, but this programmable timer
At 11, data corresponding to the set tempo is set, the interrupt signal INT2 is given to the CPU 12 at regular intervals, and execution of the adlib motif pattern and counting according to gate time data and step time data are performed.

The RAM 20 stores various data in addition to the ad-lib motif data, and the ROM 19 stores programs and data for the CPU 12 to perform various processes. Specifically, the ROM 19 is provided with the program area 40, the ad-lib motif area 41, the ad-lib motif pattern area 42, the chord route table 43, the rhythm tone color table 44, the key discrimination decoder 45, etc. described above. ,
In addition to the working RAM 46, the above-mentioned ad lib motif pattern area 47, record buffer 48, ring buffer 49
Etc. are provided.

Also, the adlib motif data and other data in the RAM 20 are saved in the floppy disk 22 through the floppy disk control circuit 21 and loaded in the reverse. Further, the buzzer 28 is driven to emit sound by the CPU 12 via the buzzer driver 27. This buzzer 28
It has the same function as the metronome, and emits sound at regular intervals according to the tempo.

<Panel Switch Board 15> FIG. 5A shows each switch of the panel switch board 15. The mode switch 31 is a normal (NORMA
L), bass / rhythm (BASS / RHYTHM), auto (AUTO)
Each performance mode of is switched by ring shift. Normal is a normal playing mode in which a melody is played on the keyboard 13, as shown in the upper left part of FIG. 12A,
Bass / rhythm is keyboard 13 upper keyboard
13a is the mode for playing bass and the lower keyboard 13b is for playing rhythm.
In this mode, the melody is played with a, the chords of the operation keys and the root are detected with the lower keyboard 13b, and no musical sound is emitted.

The OFA (one finger ad lib) switch 32 is used to specify a mode in which an ad lib motif pattern assigned to each key is automatically played by operating each key of the keyboard 13.

In this OFA mode, when the mode switch 31 is set to normal, as shown in FIG. 12A (d), the upper keyboard 13a automatically plays the ad-lib motif of the melody assigned to each key, and the lower keyboard 13b normally operates. The melody is played. In this case, in the upper keyboard 13a, two keys can be simultaneously pressed to automatically play the adlib motifs of two types of melody in parallel. Further, the chord and the route corresponding to the operation key of the lower keyboard 13b are detected, and the scale of the ad lib motif of the melody played on the upper keyboard 13a is shift-corrected. This shift correction is a known technique.

When the mode switch 31 is set to bass / rhythm in OFA mode, as shown in FIG. 12A (e), the upper keyboard 1
In 3a, the ad lib motif of the bass assigned to each key is automatically played, and in the lower keyboard 13b, the ad lib motif of the rhythm assigned to each key is automatically played. Then, the white key of the lower keyboard 13b plays a drum-type rhythm sound, and the black key plays a cymbal-type rhythm sound. In this case the upper keyboard 13
The scale of the ad lib motif of the bass played in a is shift-corrected based on the chord and route stored in the chord route register before entering this mode. This shift correction is a known technique.

When the mode switch 31 is set to auto in OFA mode, the 12th A
As shown in Figure (f), the upper keyboard 13a
The ad lib motif of the melody assigned to each key is automatically played, and the lower keyboard 13b automatically selects the ad lib motif of the chord root assigned to each key, so that no musical sound is emitted. In this case, with the upper keyboard 13a, it is possible to automatically perform the ad-lib motifs of the two types of melody, the first melody and the second melody, in parallel with one key. Also lower keyboard
The scale of the adlib motif of the melody played on the upper keyboard 13a is shift-corrected by the chord and route of the adlib motif corresponding to the key detected by 13b. This shift correction is a known technique.

The record / assign (REC / A.ASN) switch 39 is used to set the record / assign mode. It records the performance of the key code 13 or MIDI data as an ad lib motif pattern, or assigns it to the assignable keys of the keyboard 13. , An ad lib motif pattern is assigned, or an ad lib motif pattern is assigned to each auto motif such as the auto arpeggio shown in FIG. 1C above. The musical sound recorded as this ad lib motif pattern is
As shown in the lower left part of FIG. 12A, the first melody sound in the normal mode (g), the bass sound and rhythm sound in the bass / rhythm mode (h), and the second sound in the auto mode (i). It becomes a melody sound and a chord sound.

FIGS. 15A and 15B show an example where new adlib motif pattern data is recorded. To write new adlib motif pattern data as pattern “2”, the old pattern “2” is cleared. The pattern "3" and subsequent patterns are sequentially shifted and shifted, and a new pattern "2" is written at the end. In response to this, the contents of the adlib motif start address area are rewritten as shown in FIG. 15B.

The START / STOP switch 38 is used for the auto arpeggio, the auto bass, and the first base shown in FIG. 1C above.
This is to start or stop the auto motif of the auto rhythm and the second auto rhythm. Of these, Auto Arpeggio and Auto Bass start /
Even if the stop switch 38 is turned on, the data is read, but the pronunciation is masked.
Sound emission starts only when 13b is operated. This masking is done by the sound system 26.

The auto arpeggio and auto base are executed only in the auto mode as shown in FIGS. 12A (c) and (f). The first autorhythm and the second autorhythm are executed in all modes. However, in the record / assign mode, neither is executed. In the OFA mode and the bass / rhythm mode (e), the first
Of the auto rhythm and the second auto rhythm, the rhythm sound of the same series as the ad lib motif of the rhythm sound played on the lower keyboard 13b is cut.

The timbre switch 33 ... (MELODY) switches the timbre of the melody performance, and four timbres can be switched by ring shift with one switch 33.

The rhythm switch 34 (RHYTHM) switches the type of rhythm performance, and one switch 34 can switch between two types of rhythms.

The power switch (POWER ON) 35 is a switch for turning on / off the power of the entire system.

The volume switch (TOTAL VOL) 36 is of a slide type and changes the output volume of the entire musical instrument.

The tempo switch (TEMPO) 37 is composed of two switches for up and down, and each switch increases or decreases the set tempo value.

<Keyboard 13> FIG. 5B shows the keyboard 13. The keyboard 13 is, C ₂ (key number 24) -C ₆ of (key number 72)
It consists of 49 keys, C ₂ (24) to G ₃ (43) is the lower keyboard 13b, C ₃ ^# (44) to C ₆ (72) is the upper keyboard 13
is a. Of these, C ₂ (2
4) ~ C ₃ ^# (39), G ₃ ^# (4 in the upper keyboard 13a
4) to B ₄ (59), the ad lib motif pattern assigned to each key is fixed and cannot be changed.
The other keys can be changed.

<Working RAM 46> FIG. 13 shows the contents of the working RAM 46 in the RAM 20.

In the major clock register 71, the time signature data as shown in FIG. 7 corresponding to the rhythm selected by the rhythm switch 34 ... Is set.

The tempo data set by the tempo switch 37 is set in the tempo register 72.

The mode register 73 stores the contents of the set mode. "S / S" in the lower bit indicates that the start / stop switch 38 is on (1) or off (0). Next 3
The bits “NOR, B / R, AUT” indicate the mode contents set by switching the mode switch 31. The bit “R / A” indicates whether the recording / assignment switch 39 is on (1) or off (0). The "OFA" bit indicates whether the OFA switch 32 is on (1) or off (0).

In the melody tone color register 74, number data of "0" to "31" corresponding to the melody tone color selected by the tone color switch 33 ... Is shifted up by 2 bits and stored.

The rhythm type register 75 stores the number data "0" to "15" corresponding to the type of rhythm selected by the rhythm switch 34 ...

The chord root register 76 is set with the chord type of the accompaniment chord and the chord root (root note) data.
The chord and the route include those obtained by detecting the chord from the state of the operation keys of the lower keyboard 13b, and those stored as chord data when the ad lib motif is played.

In the key status register 77, ON (1) and OFF (0) of each key of the lower keyboard 13b are set, and the chord type and chord root (root note) are detected.

<< Sequence register group >> Rhythm 1, rhythm 2, bass, arpeggio, melody 1, melody 2, chord sequence register group 78,
79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84 execute the auto-arpeggio, auto-bass, first auto-rhythm, and second auto-rhythm auto-motifs, or play the adlib motif assigned to each key. Used for. That is, a sequence system for playing seven adlib motifs of rhythm 1, rhythm 2, bass, arpeggio, melody 1, melody 2 and chords is configured by a program according to this register group and a flowchart described later. Of these, two rhythm and melody registers are provided, so that two adlib motif patterns can be played in parallel. Of course, if you increase the number of this register group, you can increase the number of adlib motifs that can be played at the same time. The rhythm 1 sequence system plays drum sounds, and the rhythm 2 sequence system plays cymbals.

The use of each register group is shared as shown in FIG. 12B, the circles indicate ad lib motifs, and the triangles indicate auto motifs. The ad lib motif starts when the keyboard 13 is turned on, and the auto motif starts when the start / stop switch 38 is turned on.
However, as described above, the arpeggio and bass auto-motifs are masked in their pronunciation from the start / stop switch 38 on to the keyboard 13 key on.

Each of these sequence register groups includes A, B, C, D,
It consists of HL and M registers.

In the A register, the pattern number shown in FIG. 1C of the auto-motif or ad-lib motif executed using this register group is set. The most significant bit USE is
Indicates whether this register group is in use (1) or not (0).

In the B register, the tone color number currently selected by this ad lib motif (auto motif) is set.

In the C register, a tone generation key number is set, in which reading of the rhythm tone color determines the frequency. This pronunciation key number is as shown in FIG. 8 and is used only in the rhythm adlib motif (auto motif).

Step time data is set in the D register, and when the adlib motif (auto motif) data is read, the waiting time until the next note data, beat data, and chord data is read is measured.

In the HL register, the storage address data of the RAM 20 of the currently read adlib motif (auto motif) pattern is set. In this case, two bytes of low byte (L) and high byte (H) are set.

In the M register, the operation key of the keyboard 13 is turned off,
Data indicating the waiting time from the stop of the rhythm adlib motif (automotif) to the start of the rhythm adlib motif (automotif) again is set. Most significant bit of this M register
M / A indicates whether the ad-lib motif (auto motif) of this rhythm is started by operating the start / stop switch 38 (A) or by keying on the lower keyboard 13b (M). ing.

In the major clock counter 85, the low byte is incremented by 1 each time the interrupt signal INT2 is input from the programmable timer 11, and is cleared when the value of the major clock register described above is matched, and the high byte is incremented by 1,
Counting is done according to the tempo and time signature. Therefore, the high byte indicates the number of bars since the count was started.

Event on / off, event key number, and event velocity registers 89, 90, and 91 are interrupt signals IN
Each data for the key that has an event when T1 or INT3 is input is temporarily set.

The ring top address register 92 and the ring bottom address register 93 are set with the address data of the write point (top) and the read point (bottom) of the ring buffer 49 of the RAM 20. The update of the ring top address is performed in the interrupt processing routine when the interrupt signals INT1 to INT4 are input, and the update of the ring bottom address processes the contents of the ring buffer 49 in the main routine. Sometimes done.

The step time counter 86 counts time data from the immediately preceding key-on event to the next key-on event. This counting is performed every time the interrupt signal INT2 is input from the programmable timer 11.

In the recording address register 87, address data indicating the address where the record buffer 48 is being written is set.

In the rhythm key number register 88, the latest key-on lower key number is set. Following this new set of key numbers, velocity data and step time data are also set.

The velocity memory 94 is used to temporarily store velocity data at the time of turning on each key of the keyboard 13. The reason for this is that the value of the major clock counter 85 is written to the address where the gate time and velocity are written in order to obtain the gate time later in the processing of step 111 of the processing at key-on and key-off in FIG. 17 described later. This is because. Further, the velocity memory 94 has addresses up to the key number "127", but corresponds to the lower key numbers "120" to "127".

<Assignment Memory 4> FIG. 11 shows the assignment memory 4 of the tone generating circuit 24. This assignment memory 4 has a maximum of 16
The musical tone data of the sound can be set. Each tone data is
It consists of 4 bytes.

A key number is set in the first byte, and the on / off data of the most significant bit indicates whether the key is on or off.

The gate time is set in the second byte. This gate time is decremented by every input of the interrupt signal INT2 from the programmable timer 11 and becomes "0".
Then, the on / off data of the first byte is cleared, and thereafter, the data indicating the envelope level is set instead of the gate time at the second byte.

Velocity data is set in the 3rd byte. This velocity data is set at key-on (on velocity) and key-off (off velocity) respectively.
In OFA mode, it is set only when the key is turned on.

The tone number is set in the 4th byte. As shown in FIG. 6, this tone number is determined by the timbre number and velocity data of the melody or rhythm sound or the timbre number and key number.

<Musical Sound Generating Circuit 24> FIG. 14 shows a specific circuit configuration of the musical sound generating circuit 24 described above, and the numerical value on the line indicates the number of data bits.

Each tone data in the assignment memory 4 is read in a time division manner. Of these, the tone number is latched by the tone number latch 51 and then the address logic circuit 57
Is given to the musical tone ROM 23 via. Also, after the key number data is latched in the key number latch 52,
The frequency number ROM 56 is supplied with the corresponding frequency number data, and the frequency number accumulator 58 accumulates the data for each channel. The upper 12 bits of the accumulated frequency number data are passed through the address logic circuit 57 together with the tone number data described above, together with the tone ROM2.
Given to 3.

As a result, the waveform data corresponding to the tone number data is read out at the speed corresponding to the key number data.

The waveform data from the musical tone ROM 23 is input to the waveform generator 70, and the lower 4 bits of the accumulated frequency number data from the frequency number accumulator 58 and the velocity data from the velocity latch 53 described below are input. The generated waveform is generated, and this waveform data is given to the multiplier 73. The velocity data read from the assignment memory 4 is latched in the velocity latch 53.

On the other hand, the envelope phase counter 59 performs counting for switching each phase such as attack, decay, sustain, and release of the envelope waveform. This envelope phase count data is given to the musical tone ROM 23 via the address logic circuit 57, and the level and rate of the envelope of the corresponding phase are read in the time slot in which the envelope data is read. The level and rate of this envelope are input to the envelope generator 71 to generate envelope data of a level according to the velocity data from the velocity latch 53, and this envelope data is given to the multiplier 73 and the waveform data Is multiplied by
Sound is output from the sound system 26 via the DA converter 25.

The reached level of the envelope from the musical tone ROM 23 is latched by the level latch 72 and given to the comparator 74, and is compared with the level of the envelope data which is sequentially changed from the envelope generator 71. When the two match, a match signal is output, and this match signal is input to the envelope phase counter 59 as an increment signal, and the envelope phase is advanced by one.

The on / off data from the assignment memory 4 is
It is latched by the key-on / off latch 54 and given to the exclusive OR gate 66 and the AND gate 61. Also, the gate time / envelope data from the assignment memory 4 is stored in the gate time / envelope latch 55.
Latched to all “0” detector 60, all “1” detector
62 and decrementer 67.

When the gate time latched in the gate time / envelope latch 55 becomes "00 ... 0 (0)" and the timing of changing from key-on to key-off comes, a detection signal is output from the all "0" detector 60, and the AND gate It is input to the exclusive OR gate 66 via 61. In this case, when the key is on and the on / off data is "1", the AND gate 61 is opened, the output of the exclusive OR gate 66 is switched from "1" to "0", and this is a new on / off. It is written in the assignment memory 4 as off data. When the key is off and the on / off data is "0", the AND gate 61 is opened and its output is "0". When the on / off data becomes "1", the exclusive OR gate The output of 66 switches from "0" to "1", and this is also written in the assignment memory 4 as new on / off data.

Such on / off data is input to the on / off event detector 69, and changes from “0” to “1” at the on event and “1” to “0” at the off event.
Is detected, and a detection signal is output for each. Of these, the on-event signal is input to the frequency number accumulator 58 and the envelope phase counter 59, and the accumulated value and count value are cleared. Further, the off-event signal is input to the envelope phase counter 59 to switch to the release phase.

The gate time from the gate time / envelope latch 55 is decremented by the decrementer 67 and then written again to the same channel area of the assignment memory 4 via the selector 68. However, after the key-off, the select signal of the selector 68 switches from "1" to "0", so that the envelope data from the envelope generator 71 is selected instead.

The edge detector 64 is a D type flip-flop,
An inverted signal of the interrupt signal INT2 from the programmable timer 11 is input to the D terminal, and a 16-channel arithmetic cycle signal is input to the CK (clock pulse) terminal. As a result, from the edge detector 64, the down edge of the interrupt signal INT2 is delayed and inverted until the timing of the up edge of the 16-channel operation cycle signal, and then inverted output is input to the decrementer 67 via the AND gate 65 and the gate time Is decremented every time the interrupt signal INT2 is output.

Detection signal from all "0" detector 60 and all "1"
The detection signal from the detector 62 is inverted via the NOR gate 63 and given to the AND gate 65, which closes the AND gate 65 and stops the decrementing of the decrementer 67. As a result, the gate time is all "0 ... 0"
In the case of “(0)” and the case of “1 ... 1 (255)” of all 1, the gate time is not decremented and the key-off state and the key-on state are maintained.

In the system clock generator 78, the master clock signal from the oscillator 77 is frequency-divided and control signals of various cycles are output to perform system control of the entire apparatus.

<Main Routine> FIG. 16 shows the main routine of the processing performed by the CPU 12.

This main routine also includes an initial routine, which is executed when the power is turned on. First, all the ad-lib motif patterns of 64 kilobytes stored in the ad-lib motif pattern area 42 of ROM19 are stored in RAM20.
(Step 000), and data corresponding to the operation state of the panel switch board 15 is set in each register in the working RAM 46 of the RAM 20. (Step 001). Then
Clear the assignment memory 4 (step 002), and display the contents of the panel display memory 2 with the strings (STRINGS) LED (light emitting diode) for melody tones and the 16-beat (16BEAT) LED for the rhythm type. (Step 003) The data having a cycle of 48 times that of the quarter note tempo register is set in the programmable timer 11 (step 004). The above is the initial routine.

Next, enter the main routine and ring buffer 4 in RAM20.
It is judged whether or not the data is already written in 9 (step 00
5) If the data has been written, the working RA of RAM20
The 4-byte note data is read from the read address specified by the ring bottom address register 93 of the M46 (step 006), and the value of the ring bottom address register 93 is incremented by 4 (step 007).

Then, it is determined whether or not the on / off data of the read note data is in the on state of "1" (step 00).
8). If it is in the ON state, a new channel allocation process of steps 009 to 012 is performed. First, each channel area in the assignment memory 4 is searched for a channel area in which the on / off data is "0" in the off state (step 009). If there is a channel area in the off state (step 010), the channel area with the lowest envelope data level is selected from the channel areas in the off state (step 01).
1), the on / off data of "1" and the key number, gate time, velocity and tone number data read from the ring buffer 49 in step 006 are written in this channel area.

If there is no channel area in the off state in the assignment memory 4 in step 010, the channel allocation processing of steps 011 and 012 is not performed.
If no data is written in the ring buffer 49 in step 005, the empty channel search process and channel assignment process in steps 006 to 012 are not performed.

After this, if there is an instruction to load / save the floppy disk 22 (step 016), load / save the floppy disk 22 (step 01).
7). If the on / off data of the note data read from the ring buffer 49 in the above step 008 is not the “1” on state but the “0” off state,
Proceed to the key-off processing of 013 to 015.

First, in each channel area in the assignment memory 4, the key-on of the gate time "11111111 (255)" is being continued, and the ring buffer 49 is selected in step 006.
A channel to which the same key number as the key number in the note data read out is assigned is searched (step 013). If there is a corresponding channel (step 014), the on / off data of this channel is set to "0", and the gate time data is set to "00000000 (0)".
(Step 015), the key-off state is switched.
Then, the floppy disk 22 in steps 016 and 017 above.
Shift to the load / save processing of.

<Processing at key event (key-on, key-off)> Figures 17A to 17F show key-on and key-off.
6 is a flowchart showing a musical tone generation process when an interrupt signal INT1 is output from the SCI circuit 10 to the CPU 12 and when an interrupt signal INT3 is output from the key scan circuit 14 to the CPU 12.

<< OFA Off Mode Upper Keyboard >> First, the CPU 12 stores each of the on / off data, key number, and velocity data having a new event temporarily stored in the SCI circuit 10 or the key switch memory 1 in the working RAM 46 of the RAM 20. Write to the event on / off register 89, event key number register 90, and event velocity register 91 (step 100). Then, it is determined whether the OFA (one finger ad lib) flag is set in the mode register of the working RAM 46 (step 10).
1). If the flag is set and the mode is OFA, the event key belongs to the upper keyboard 13a or the lower keyboard 13b.
It is determined from the new key number where the event occurred (step 102).

If it is the upper keyboard 13a, the event key number is set to -24 only in the bass / rhythm mode (steps 103 and 104). This is to lower the pitch for the bass. The pitch is not lowered in auto mode and normal mode. The bass / rhythm, auto, and normal mode discrimination is performed based on the contents of the mode register 73 of the working RAM 46. The reason why such a mode determination is performed including steps 123 and 124 which will be described later is that, as shown in FIG. 12A, the tone generation state of the musical sound differs depending on the mode.

After the above steps 103 and 104, the CPU 12 executes steps 105 to 10
The process of writing data to the ring buffer 49 of 8 is started. This processing constitutes one subroutine SUB1, and this subroutine SUB1 may be executed in other processing.

In this process, first, it is determined whether or not the on / off data related to the event in the event on / off register 89 is "1" (step 105). If "1" is on, "1" on / off data, key number at which this event occurred, gate time of "11 ... 1 (255)", velocity of key at event, tone number Write data to ring buffer 49 (step 10
6).

The write address to the ring buffer 49 is based on the value in the ring top address register 92, and after the writing in step 106, the value in the ring top address register 92 is incremented by 4 (step 107). This +4
This is done because four notes are used to store one note data.

In step 105, if the on / off data related to the event is the off state of "0", the on / off data of "0", the key number of this event, "00 ... 0".
The gate time "(0)", the velocity of the key having the event, and the tone color data are written in the ring buffer 49 (step 108).

Next, the CPU 12 determines whether or not it is the recording mode from the contents of the recording / allocation flag R / A of the mode register 73 of the working RAM 46 (step 109). If it is the recording mode, it is judged whether or not the on / off data of the event on / off register 89 of the working RAM 46 is "1" (step 11).
0).

If "1" is on, the on / off data of "1", the value of the event key number register 90, the value of the major clock counter 85, and the value of the step time counter 86 are RA.
Write to M20 record buffer 48 (step 111),
Recording address register 87 of working RAM 46
Is incremented by 4 (step 112). And Working R
The on-velocity data at key-on, that is, the value of the major clock counter 85 at key-on is written to the address corresponding to the event key number of the velocity memory 94 of AM46 (step 113), the step-time counter 86 is cleared, and the process returns. Step 114).

If the event on / off data is in the off state of "0" in the above step 110, the note which has the same key number as the key number related to this event off is climbed backward from the same address of the record buffer 48 as the value of the recording address register 87. The data is searched (step 115). Then, the difference data between the value of the major clock counter 85 at the time of key-on stored in the second and third bytes of the found note data and the value of the major clock counter at the time of key-off this time is obtained (step 116).

If this difference data is a long data of “11 ... 1 (255)” or more (step (117), on / off data of “1”, event key number, gate time of “0”, velocity at key off) , Write each data of the step time counter to the record buffer 48 of the RAM 20 (step 1
18). As a result, note data for key-off, which is separated from the note data for key-on at step 111, is written in the record buffer 48.

Next, the CPU 12 increments the value of the recording address register 87 by 4 (step 119) and sets the difference data to "11 ... 1 (2
55) ”(step 120). If the difference data is smaller than "11 ... 1 (255)" in the step 125, the key-off note data writing process of the steps 118 to 120 is not performed.

After that, the above-mentioned difference data is written in the second byte of the note data searched in the above step 115 (step
121), the velocity data at the address corresponding to the event key number in the velocity memory 94 of the working RAM 46 is read from the key switch memory 1, written in the third byte of the note data at the time of the key-on searched, and the process returns (step 130). .

As a result, if the gate time from key-on to key-off is smaller than "11 ... 1 (255)", gate time data is written in the note data at key-on,
If it is larger than "11 ... 1 (255)", the note data is separated for key-on and key-off, and in the note data for key-on, the gate time of "11 ... 1 (255)" indicating the key-on continuation is included. The gate time of "00 ... 0 (0)" indicating the key-off continuation is written in the note data for key-off written.

<< Lower keyboard 13b in OFA off mode >> In step 102 above, the event key is lower keyboard 1
When it is determined that it is 3b, working
Based on the value of the mode register 73 of the RAM 46, it is determined which one of the normal mode, bass / rhythm and auto mode is currently selected (steps 123 and 124). In normal mode,
The recording process of the musical sound data in steps 105 to 122 described above is performed.

In addition, if the bass / rhythm mode,
It is determined whether or not the event on / off data of the off register 89 is "1" in the on state (step 125). If "1" is on, the corresponding rhythm tone color number and tone generation key number are read out from the rhythm tone color table 44 of the ROM 19 shown in FIG. 8 based on the event key number (step
126). “1” on / off data, pronunciation key number,
The gate time, key-on velocity, and tone color data of "1" are written in the ring buffer 49 of the working RAM 46, and the value of the ring top address is incremented by 4 (steps 127 and 128). The write address of the ring buffer 49 is based on the value of the ring top address register 92.

Thereafter, the CPU 12 determines whether or not it is in the record mode from the stored contents of the mode register 73 (step 129),
In the record mode, it is determined whether or not the lower key number stored in the rhythm key number register 88 of the working RAM 46 and having the event before this event matches the lower key number of this new event. It is determined whether or not (step 130).

If they do not match, it means that a new rhythm tone key has been turned on this time, so write the event lower key number to the rhythm key number register 88 (step
131), the event lower key number with "1" added to the most significant bit and the step time data of "0" are written to the record buffer 48, and the record address register
The value of 87 is incremented by 2 (steps 132 and 133). This allows
New rhythm tone data is written.

Next, the velocity data of the velocity memory 94 and the value of the step time counter 86 are written to the record buffer 48 (step 134), the value of the recording address register 87 is incremented by 2 (step 135), and the value of the step time counter 86 is cleared. And return (step
136).

If the event lower key number matches the previous one in step 130, the rhythm tone color has not changed, so the rhythm tone color data writing process in steps 131 to 133 is not performed. If it is not in the record mode in step 129, the recording process in steps 130 to 136 is unnecessary, and the process returns. Furthermore, in step 125, if the on / off data related to the event is in the off state of “0”, the key off is not considered for the bass / rhythm, so steps 126 to 136 are performed.
The data writing process is unnecessary and the process returns as it is.

If it is determined in steps 123 and 124 that the mode is the auto mode, the CPU 12 determines that the key status register 7
The data content of the on-key 7 is corrected (step 137), the code and the route are judged from the on-key data, and the result is written in the code route register 76 (step 13).
8). The detection of the code and the route is performed based on the code route table 43 that reads the code and the route, using the data indicating the on-key state as an address.

Then, the CPU 12 determines from the contents of the mode register 73 whether it is in the recording mode (step 139), and if it is the recording mode, determines whether the value of the step time counter 86 is "48" or more (step). 140). If it is "48" or more, the code of the chord route register 76, the value of the route and the step time counter 86 are written in the record buffer 48 (step 141), the value of the recording address register 87 is incremented by 2 (step 142), and the step time is set. The value of the counter 86 is cleared (step 143).

If the value of the step time counter 86 does not exceed "48" in the above step 140, the writing process of steps 141 to 143 is not performed because the time for one beat has not elapsed. If it is not in the record mode in step 139, the recording process in steps 140 to 143 is not necessary, and the process directly returns. Further, since no data is written to the ring buffer 49 here, no sound is produced in response to a key operation. Of course ring buffer
It is also possible to write data to 49 so that a pronunciation is generated.

The code route data set in the code route register 76 in step 138 is not cleared even if the key is turned off, and is maintained until the next new key is turned on. Based on this code route data, the macro routine MACRO5
In step 224 (same as in step 230), pitch correction of adlib motif arpeggio and adlib motif bass is performed. Of course, this pitch correction may be omitted.

In this manner, the key-on and key-off event processing in the OFA off mode and the recording / assignment mode in FIG. 12A is performed.

<< OFA Mode Upper Keyboard 13a >> If it is determined in the above step 101 that it is in the OFA mode, the CPU 12 determines in step 144 whether the event key belongs to the upper keyboard 13a or the lower keyboard 13b depending on the event. It is judged from the new key number (step 144). If it is the upper keyboard 13a, it is determined from the value of the mode register 73 of the working RAM 46 whether the mode is currently the normal mode, the bass / rhythm, or the auto mode (steps 145 and 146). In the auto mode, it is determined whether the event on / off data in the event on / off register 89 is "1" (step 147).

If "1" is in the ON state, the process for the key-on sequence of melody 1 in steps 148 to 160 is started. This processing constitutes one subroutine MACRO1, and this subroutine MACRO1 may be executed in other processing.

In this process, first, the USE flag of "1" and the key number having this event are written in the A register of the sequence register group 82 of melody 1, and the start address data of the adlib motif assigned to this event key is also written in the HL register. (Step 148). This start address is determined as follows. That is,
First, the ad lib motif pattern according to the selection rhythm of the first melody of the ad lib motif shown in FIG. 3 is selected.
Then, the adlib motif pattern number corresponding to the above event key number in the adlib motif motif assignment list 42b (47b) shown in FIG. 1C corresponding to this is selected, and the corresponding start address shown in FIG. 1B is selected. To be selected.

Next, the timbre number is read from the start address of the adlib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 specified by the HL register and written in the B register (step 149), HL
The value of the register is incremented by 2 (step 150). And HL
The most significant bit of the stored data at the address of the ad-lib motif pattern area 47 of RAM20 specified by the register is "1".
It is determined whether or not, that is, as shown in FIG. 2A, whether or not the stored data is a timbre number (step 151).

Since it is immediately after the reading of the first tone color number, it is judged to be the tone color number, the process proceeds to step 152, the step time data of the next address is read and written in the D register (step 152), and this step time data is "0".
It is determined whether or not (step 153). If it is "0", there is no waiting time and you have to set the tone immediately.
The tone color number is set in the B register (step 15
4) Then, the value of the HL register is incremented by 2 (step 155) and the process returns to step 151.

In this step 151, note data instead of tone color number is determined this time, so the step time data of the address three ahead is read and written in the D register (step
156), it is determined whether or not this step time data is "0" (step 157). If it is "0", there is no waiting time and it is necessary to sound immediately. The value obtained by correcting the key number of the note data with the value of the chord route register 76, the following gate time, velocity, and the B register And the tone color number of that are written in the ring buffer 49 (step 158).

The correction of the key number based on the value of the chord route register 76 is a process in which the key number is +1, +2 ..., -1, -2 ... Based on the pitch of the root and the type of chord. This allows the overall performance to be harmonious. After that, the value of the ring top address register 92 is incremented by 4 (step 159), and the value of the HL register is incremented by 4 (step 16).
0), and returns to step 151.

Since the note data is determined also in step 151 this time,
The step time data of the address three ahead is read and written in the D register (step 156), and it is determined whether this step time data is "0" (step 157). In this case, the note data is the second note data from the beginning, and the normal step time data is not "0".
Finish the key-on sequence processing of this melody 1,
As it is, the process of the key-on sequence of the next melody 2 is started (step 161).

The next key-on sequence process for melody 2 is the key-on sequence process for melody 1 (steps 148 to 1).
60, the same as the macro routine MACRO1). However, the sequence register group used is that of melody 2, and the adlib motif pattern played is the second melody. The second and subsequent note data sets are performed by the sequence processing of melody 2 shown in FIG. As described above, each macro routine has the same program but different parameters.

In this way, by operating one key, the ad lib motifs of two types of melody, the first melody and the second melody, can be played in parallel at the same timing. Of course,
The number of melody sequence register groups and step 161
By increasing the number of steps of the key-on sequence processing of the melody, it is possible to increase the number of ad-lib motif melody sounds that can be sounded simultaneously with one key-on. Simultaneous performance of a plurality of adlib motifs by this single key operation may be similarly performed for rhythm, bass, arpeggio, and chord, in addition to melody.

Thus, when the key is turned on in the OFA mode, the set of the tone data at the beginning of the adlib motif pattern assigned to this key (steps 152 to 155) and the set of the first note data following this (steps 156 to 156) are set. 160) and are performed. The second and subsequent note data sets are performed at the time of outputting the interrupt signal INT2 in the processing of the sequence of the melody 1 shown in FIG. 18 which will be described later. In this case, the first
If the step time of the 1st note data is not "0" and there is a waiting time, the setting of this 1st note data is also performed when the interrupt signal INT2 is output.

If it is in the off state of "0" in the above step 147,
The processing of the key-off sequence of melody 1 in steps 162 and 163 is started. This process is also one macro routine MACR
It constitutes O2, and this macro routine MACRO2 may be executed in other processing.

In this process, first, in the process of the key-on sequence, A
It is determined whether or not the key number set in the register matches the key number of this key off (step 16).
2). If they match, the USE flag of the A register is set to "0".
As a result (step 163), the operation of the sequence system of melody 1 is stopped, and the performance of the ad lib motif of the first melody is stopped.

Next, the same key-off sequence processing is performed for melody 2 (step 164), and similarly, the operation of the sequence system for melody 2 is stopped, and the performance of the ad lib motif of the second melody is also stopped.

If it is determined in step 145 that the normal mode is set, it is determined whether the event on / off data in the event on / off register 89 is "1" (step 165). If "1" is on, melody 1
It is determined whether or not the USE flag of the A register of the sequence register group 82 is "0" (steps 166 and 167). If it is "0", the macro routine MACRO1 for the key-on sequence processing of melody 1 is executed (step 168).

If the USE flag of the A register of the sequence register group 82 of melody 1 is "1" in the above step 167 and the melody sound of the adlib motif is already sounding, step 167
Proceed to 169, and this time the sequence register group 8 for melody 2
It is determined whether or not the USE flag of the A register 3 is "0" (steps 169 and 170). If it is "0", the macro routine MACRO1 for the key-on sequence processing of melody 2 is executed (step 171). This macro routine MACRO1 is the same as steps 148 to 160 as described above.

Thus, when another melody tone of the adlib motif is already being sounded using the sequence system of melody 1 and another key-on is repeated, the melody tone of the adlib motif is used by using the sequence system of melody 2. Another note is sounded at a delayed timing. Of course, with the number of melody sequence register groups,
If the number of steps of the key-on sequence processing of the melody in steps 169 to 171 is increased, it is possible to increase the number of ad-lib motif melody sounds that can be sounded simultaneously by operating the keys simultaneously. The performance of a plurality of adlib motifs separately in parallel by a plurality of key operations may be performed similarly for rhythm, bass, arpeggio, and chord, in addition to melody.

It should be noted that one key may allow a plurality of types of adlib motifs to be played at the same timing, and different keys may be played independently at different timings.

Even in the key-on sequence processing of the melody 1 and the melody 2, the set of the tone color data at the head of the adlib motif pattern assigned to this key (steps 152 to 155)
And the following first note data set (steps 156 to 160). The second and subsequent note data sets are melody 1 and melody 2 shown in FIG.
In the sequence processing of, the processing is performed when the interrupt signal INT2 is output. In this case, if the step time of the first note data is not "0" and there is a waiting time, this first note data
The setting of the second note data is also performed when the interrupt signal INT2 is output, as in the case of the auto mode.

Further, in the above step 165, if the "0" is in the off state,
Melody 1 key-off sequence processing (step 172)
And melody 2 key-off sequence processing (step 17
Enter 3). This macro routine MACRO2 is the same as steps 160 and 161 as described above. The key-off sequence process for melody 1 is followed by the key-off sequence process for melody 2 when NO is determined in the key-off sequence process for melody 1.

If it is determined in step 146 that the bass / rhythm mode is set, it is determined whether or not the event on / off data of the event on / off register 89 is "1" (step 174). If the "1" is in the on state, the macro routine MACRO1 of the base key-on sequence processing is executed (step 175). This macro routine MACRO1
As described above, this is the same as steps 148-160. If it is in the off state of "0", the macro routine MACRO2 of the base key-off sequence process is executed (step 17).
6). This macro routine MACRO2, as described above,
This is the same as steps 162 and 163.

The pitch correction of the bass tone in the same process as step 158 in this step 175 is based on the value of the chord route register 76, but since the value of the chord route register 76 is not rewritten in this mode, this mode is eventually entered. Pitch correction is performed based on the previous value of the chord route register 76. Of course, this pitch correction may be omitted.

In this way, it is possible to automatically perform the ad lib motif of the bass.

Even in the key-on sequence processing of this bass, the set of the tone data at the beginning of the adlib motif pattern assigned to this key (steps 152 to 155) and the set of the first note data following this (steps 156 to 160) Is done. The second and subsequent note data sets are performed at the time of outputting the interrupt signal INT2 in the processing of the base sequence shown in FIG. 18 described later. In this case, if the step time of the first note data is not "0" and there is a waiting time, the setting of the first note data is also performed at the time of outputting the interrupt signal INT2 in the auto mode and the normal mode. Same as in mode.

<< Lower Keyboard 13b in OFA Mode >> In step 144, if the operation key is the lower keyboard 13b, it is determined from the value of the mode register 73 of the working RAM 46 which mode is currently normal, bass / rhythm, or auto ( Steps 177, 178). In the auto mode, it is determined whether or not the event on / off data of the event on / off register 89 is "1" (step 179).

If the "1" is on, the USE flag of "1" and the key number of this event are written in the A register of the code sequence register group 84, and the start address data of this event key assigned adlib motif is also HL. Write to register (step 180). This start address is determined as follows. That is, the ad lib motif pattern corresponding to the selection rhythm of the ad lib motif code shown in FIG. 3 is first selected, and then the corresponding event key number in the ad lib motif motif assignment list 42b (47b) shown in FIG. 1C is selected. Is selected, and the corresponding start address shown in FIG. 1B is also selected.

Next, the code root data is read from the head address of the adlib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register, written in the code root register 76 (step 181), and the value of the HL register is incremented by 2 (step 182). Then, the step time data of the second code route data is read and written in the D register (step 183), and this step time data is "0".
It is determined whether or not (step 184). Normally, the step time data between the first chord root data and the second chord root data is not "0", so that the process returns as it is. The second and subsequent note data sets are performed when the interrupt signal INT2 is output in the processing of the chord sequence of FIG. 18 described later.

If it is "0" in the above step 184, there is no waiting time and the code root data must be set immediately, and the second code root data is set in the code root register 76 (step 185). , Return to step 182.

Based on the chord root data set in the chord root register 76 in the above steps 181, 185, steps 158, 2
The correction of the key number at 24 is as described above. Further, since no data is written to the ring buffer 49 here, no sound is produced in response to a key operation. Of course, data writing may be performed to generate a sound. Further, even if there is a key-off, after the step 179, the code sequence register group 84 continues to be used, and in steps 233 to 240, the read of the adlib motif data of the code is continued. This reading continues until the mode is switched in steps 424 to 429. Based on the code root data of this adlib motif code, step 158 of macro routine MACRO1 (same for step 161)
And step 224 of macro routine MACRO5 (step 230
But the same), the pitch correction of ad lib motif melody, ad lib motif arpeggio, ad lib motif. Of course, this pitch correction may be omitted.

If it is determined in the above step 177 that the normal mode is set, the lower key ON data set in the key status register 77 is corrected (step 186),
The code and root are detected from the on-data of this lower key and set in the code root register 76 (step 18
7) The process of writing data to the ring buffer 49 is started (step 188). This process is the same as step 105 described above.
It is the same as the subroutine SUB1 of ~ 108.

In this case as well, the key number is corrected in steps 158 and 224 based on the chord root data set in the chord root register 76, but since the data is written to the ring buffer 49, a sound is produced according to the key operation. The code route data set in the code route register 76 is not cleared even if there is a key-off, and is maintained until the next new key-on. Based on this code root data, steps 168, 1 of the macro routine MACRO1
In the same step as step 158 in 71, the pitch correction of the ad lib motif melody is performed. Of course, this pitch correction may be omitted.

If it is determined in step 178 that the bass / rhythm mode is set, it is determined whether the event key is the white key or the black key by the ninth key.
Judgment is made from the contents of the key discrimination decoder 45 shown in the figure (step 189). If it is a white key, the sub routine MACRO3 of the sequence processing of rhythm 1 is executed. This processing constitutes one macro routine MACRO3, and this macro routine MACRO3 may be executed in other processing.

In this process, first, it is determined whether or not the event ON / OFF data of the event ON / OFF register 89 is "1" (step 190). If "1" is on,
The USE flag of "1" and the key number having this event are written in the A register of the sequence register group 78 of rhythm 1, and the start address data of the assigned adlib motif of this event key is also written in the HL register (step 191). This start address is determined as follows. That is, the adlib motif pattern corresponding to the selection rhythm of the adlib motif rhythm shown in FIG. 3 is first selected, and then the corresponding event key number in the adlib motif assignment list 42b (47b) shown in FIG. 1C is selected. The corresponding ad lib motif pattern number is selected, and the corresponding start address shown in FIG. 1B is selected.

Next, the lower key number is read from the start address of the ad lib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register, and the rhythm tone number is read from this lower key number based on the stored contents of the rhythm tone table 44 shown in FIG. Is obtained and set in the B register and the C register, respectively (step 192). Then, the value of the HL register is incremented by 2 (step 193).

Then, the step time data of the second beat data is read and written in the D register (step 194),
It is determined whether or not this step time data is "0" (step 195). If it is "0", there is no waiting time and the sound must be pronounced immediately. RAM2 specified by the HL register
It is determined whether or not the most significant bit of the stored data at the address of the 0 ad lib motif pattern area 47 is "1", that is, whether the stored data is the lower key number as shown in FIG. 2B (step 196).

Since it is immediately after reading the first beat data, it is determined that it is the lower key number, and the process proceeds to step 197, where the on / off data of "1", the tone key number set in the C register, and the "1" are set. Gate time,
The velocity in the beat data and the rhythm tone color number set in the B register are written in the ring buffer 49 (step 197), the value of the ring top address register 92 is incremented by 4 (step 198), and the process returns to step 193.

In the next steps 193-195, it is determined whether the step time data of the second beat data is "0". However, normally, the step time data between the first beat data and the second beat data is not "0", so M
The manual / auto flag M / A of the register is set to the manual rhythm playing state of "0", the value of the bar counter of the M register is set to "0" (step 1A2), and the process returns.

Further, if it is in the OFF state of "0" in the above step 190, it is judged whether or not the key number of the key-on set in the A register matches the key number of the current key-off (step 199). If they match, the USE flag of the A register is set to "0" (step 1A0), the manual / auto flag M / A of the M register is set to the manual rhythm playing state of "0", and the value of the measure counter of the M register is set. Is set to "1" (step 1A1), and the process returns.

Thus, also in the sequence processing of this rhythm 1, the leading rhythm tone color number and tone generation key number of the adlib motif pattern assigned to this key (steps 190 to 192) and the following first beat data set ( (Steps 193-198, 1A2) and stop playing the ad lib motif of the rhythm in response to the key off (Step 199
~ 1A1) is performed. The second and subsequent beat data are set at the time of outputting the interrupt signal INT2 in the processing of the rhythm 1 sequence shown in FIG. 18 which will be described later. In this case, if the step time of the first beat data is not “0” and there is a waiting time, the setting of this first beat data is also performed at the time of outputting the interrupt signal INT2 in the auto mode and the normal mode. Same as in mode. This also applies to the rhythm 2 sequence processing described below.

This rhythm 1 sequence processing is performed on the lower keyboard 13b.
The sequence register group 82 of rhythm 1 is used to play an ad lib motif of a drum-type rhythm based on the operation of the white key. When the start / stop switch 38 is turned on before this key operation, the sequence register group 82 of rhythm 1 is used, the sequence processing of rhythm 1 is executed, and the auto motif of the first autorhythm of the drum system is played. Even, the rhythm 1 sequence register
82 is diverted to the performance of the rhythm adlib motif, and the performance of the auto motif of the drum type first autorhythm is interrupted. Then, when the lower keyboard 13b is turned off, the auto motif of the first autorhythm of the drum system is restarted. The waiting time until the restart is the value "1" of the bar counter set in step 1A1. This also applies to the cymbal-type rhythm 2 sequence processing described below.

Thus, when the white key of the lower keyboard 13b is operated and the ad lib motif of the drum-type rhythm is started during the performance of the first drum-type auto-rhythm, the same drum-type auto-rhythm is stopped. . This is also the case with the cymbal rhythm performance described below. Therefore, the automatic performance and the ad lib motif performance do not overlap, and a simple performance can be performed.

If it is determined in step 189 that the operation key is the black key, the sequence processing of the cymbal rhythm 2 is entered (step 1A3), and the process returns. The sequence processing of the cymbal-type rhythm 2 is the same as the sequence processing of the drum-type rhythm 1 (steps 190 to 1A2, macro routine MACRO3). However, the sequence register group used is that of the cymbal rhythm 2.

In this way, when the rhythm sound of the adlib motif is already being sounded using the sequence system of the rhythm 1 of the drum system, if another key-on is overlaid, the sequence system of the rhythm 2 of the cymbal system is used. The rhythm sound of the motif is pronounced one more time later. Of course, by increasing the number of rhythm sequence register groups and the number of steps of the rhythm key-on sequence processing of steps 190 to 1A2, it is possible to increase the number of ad-lib motif rhythm sounds that can be produced simultaneously by simultaneous key operation.

The rhythm series may be divided into smaller series than the drum series and the cymbal series, and may be divided into individual fine musical instruments, string series, woodwind series, brass series (trumpet series, horn series). , Pitch of sound, duration of sound, etc. The mode of stopping the automatic performance for each sequence may be performed for melody, bass, arpeggio, and chord, in addition to rhythm. On the contrary, for example, the first autorhythm may be a cymbal type, and the cymbal type autorhythm may be stopped in a drum type adlib motif performance. Further, the form in which the automatic performance is stopped by the ad lib motif performance may be performed for each system, such as the entire rhythm or the entire melody, or for all the performances. In addition, there is no need to wait for the automatic performance to resume after the key is turned off. In this case step
1A1, 1A2, and 246-248 are omitted. Also, after key off,
The waiting time until the automatic performance is restarted may be a time other than one bar. In this case, the set data in step 1A1 is data other than one bar.

<Periodic interrupt processing when the interrupt signal INT2 is output> Figures 18A to 18C are from the programmable timer 11 above.
6 is a flowchart showing a musical sound generation process when an interrupt signal INT2 is output to the CPU 12. In this processing, rhythm 1, rhythm 2, bass, arpeggio, melody 1, melody 2, chord sequence processing and the like are performed.

<< Rhythm Sequence Processing >> First, in the rhythm 1 sequence processing, it is determined whether or not the USE flag of the A register of the sequence register group 78 of rhythm 1 is "1" (step 200). If "1" is being used, the step time of the D register is set to -1 (step 201), and it is determined whether it has become "0" (step 202). The process of reducing the step time by -1 is
It is performed every time the interrupt signal INT2 is output, and becomes "0" when the step time has elapsed.

When it becomes "0", it is judged whether or not the most significant bit of the data at the designated address of the adlib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register is "1", that is, whether it is timbre data or not (step 203). If it is not the tone color data but the beat data, the process proceeds to step 209, where the on / off data of "1", the tone key number set in the C register, the gate time of "1", and the velocity in this beat data are set. , The rhythm tone color number set in the B register is written in the ring buffer 49 (step 20).
9). Next, the value of the ring top address register 92 is incremented by 4 (step 210), the value of the HL register is incremented by 2 (step 211), and the step time of the next beat data is set in the D register (step 212), and step 202
Return to.

If it is determined in the above step 203 that the tone color data is "1", the process proceeds to step 204, and the data of the designated address of the ad lib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register is "11 ... 1 (255 ) ”), That is, whether it is repeat data or not (step 204).

If it is not the repeat data, the procedure proceeds to step 207, where the lower key number is read from the designated address of the adlib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register, and the lower key number of the rhythm tone table 44 shown in FIG. Based on the stored contents, the rhythm tone color number and the tone generation key number are obtained and set in the B register and the C register respectively (step 207). Then, the value of the HL register is incremented by 2 (step 208), and the above steps 209 to 212 are performed.
To set the beat data of and return to step 202.

If it is determined in step 204 that the repeat data is "11 ... 1 (255)", the step time of this repeat data is set in the D register (step 20).
5), start address data is written again in the HL register (step 206), and the process returns to step 202. This start address is determined in the same way as step 191.

In this way, each time the step time elapses (step
200 to 202), beat data of rhythm adlib motif (steps 209 to 212), and tone data (steps 207 and 208) are set, and repeat data is repeated from the beginning (steps 204 to 206). ).

If it is determined in step 200 that the USE flag is "0", or if it is determined in step 202 that the step time of the D register is not yet "0", the rhythm 2 sequence processing is started (step 213). This rhythm 2
The processing of the sequence of is the same as the sequence processing of rhythm 1 (steps 200 to 212, macro routine MACRO4). However, the sequence register group used is that of rhythm 2.

<< Base Sequence Processing >> In the base sequence processing, it is determined whether or not the USE flag of the A register of the base sequence register group 80 is "1" (step 214). If "1" is in use, decrement the step time of the D register by -1 (step
215), it is determined whether or not it has become "0" (step 21)
6). The process of reducing the step time by -1 is performed for each output of the interrupt signal INT2, and becomes "0" when the time corresponding to the step time has elapsed.

When it becomes "0", it is judged whether or not the most significant bit of the data at the designated address of the adlib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register is "1", that is, whether or not it is tone color data (step 217). If it is not the tone color data but the note data, the process proceeds to step 224, and "1" is turned on /
The off data, the key number of the note data described above, which is modified by the value of the chord route register 76, the subsequent gate time, the velocity, and the tone color number of the B register are written into the ring buffer 49 (step 224). Then
The value of the ring top address register 92 is +4 (step 225), the value of the HL register is +4 (step 226),
If the most significant bit of the next data is "1" and it is tone color data (step 227), the step time of the next address is D
It is set in the register (step 228), and if it is the note data of "0", the step time of the address three ahead is set in the D register (step 228) and the process returns to step 216.

If it is determined in the above step 217 that the tone color data is "1", the process proceeds to step 218, and the data of the designated address of the ad lib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register is "11 ... 1 (255 ) ”), That is, whether or not it is repeat data (step 218).

If it is not repeat data, the process proceeds to step 221, and the tone color number is read from the designated address of the adlib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register and set in the B register (step 221). Then, the value of the HL register is incremented by 2 (step 222), and the step time of the next note data is set in the D register (step 22).
3) and returns to step 216.

If it is determined in step 218 that the repeat data is "11 ... 1 (255)", the step time of this repeat data is set in the D register (step 21
9), start address data is written again in the HL register (step 220), and the process returns to step 216. This start address is determined in the same way as step 191.

In this way, each time the step time elapses (step
214 to 216), the note data of the bass adlib motif (steps 224 to 229) and the tone color data (steps 221 to 223) are set, and the repeat data is repeated from the beginning (steps 218 to 220). ).

If it is determined in step 214 that the USE flag is "0", or if it is determined in step 216 that the step time of the D register is not yet "0", the arpeggio, melody 1, and melody 2 are sequentially displayed. The sequence processing is started (steps 230, 231, 232). The processing of the sequence of the arpeggio, melody 1 and melody 2 is the same as the above-described base sequence processing (steps 214 to 229, macro routine MACRO5). However, the sequence register groups used are those of arpeggio, melody 1 and melody 2.

<< Code Sequence Processing >> In the code sequence processing, it is determined whether or not the USE flag of the A register of the code sequence register group 80 is "1" (step 233). If "1" is in use, decrement the step time of the D register by -1 (step
234), it is determined whether or not it has become "0" (step 23)
Five). The process of reducing the step time by -1 is performed for each output of the interrupt signal INT2, and becomes "0" when the time corresponding to the step time has elapsed.

When it becomes "0", the code route data of the designated address of the adlib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register is set in the code route register 76 (step 236), and the value of the HL register is incremented by 2 (step 237). ),
The step time of the next address is set in the D register (step 238), and the data of the specified address of the ad-lib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 specified by the HL register is "11 ...
1 (255) ", that is, whether it is repeat data or not (step 239).

If it is not repeat data, the process returns to step 235. If it is repeat data, the start address data is written again in the HL register (step 240) and the process returns to step 235. This start address is determined in the same way as step 191.

In this way, each time the step time elapses (step
233-235), the chord root data of the adlib motif of the chord is set (steps 236-238), and the repeat data is repeated from the beginning (step 23).
9, 240).

If it is determined in step 233 that the USE flag is "0", or if it is determined in step 235 that the step time of the D register is not yet "0", the process proceeds to next step 241.

<< Counting Process >> Steps 242 to 245 and 251-256 are time counting processes. In this process, first, the low byte of the major clock counter 85 is incremented by 1 (step 241), and when it coincides with the time signature data of the major clock register 71 (step 242),
The low byte of the major clock counter 85 is cleared (step 243), and the high byte of the major clock counter 85 is incremented by 1 (step 244). Then the mode register 7
The value of 3 is "00100101 _B (B is a symbol indicating that it is a binary number)", that is, the start / stop switch 38 is not in the ON state in the OFA mode and the bass / rhythm mode (step 245), and the mode register 73 If the value is "0001 ***
1 _B (* is an arbitrary value) ", that is, if the start / stop switch 38 is in the ON state in the recording / assignment mode (step 251), the step time counter 86 is incremented by 1 (step 252).

Then, the value of the step time counter 86 is "11 ... 1 (25
5) ”(step 253), write dummy event data to the record buffer 48 (step 254),
Add 2 to the recording address register 87 (step
255), clear the step time counter 86 (step 256), and return. The dummy data is a convenience data when the step time overflows. A 2-byte timbre number is set for an ad lib motif melody or bass, and a 2-byte lower key number for an ad lib motif rhythm. Is set, and in the case of the code of the ad lib motif, 2-byte code root data is set.

<< Rhythm Restart Processing >> In the above step 245, if the start / stop switch 38 is in the ON state in the OFA mode and the bass / rhythm mode, the restart processing of the first auto rhythm and the second auto rhythm is performed, and then step 251 is performed. Return.

In this first auto rhythm restart processing, whether the value of the M register is "00 _H " to "80 _H ", that is, whether there is a waiting time until the restart of the auto rhythm performance in the manual rhythm performance state. It is determined whether or not (step 246).
If YES, the value of the M register is decremented by 1 (step 2
47), if the value of the M register is "0" (step 24)
8), the rhythm 1 sequence register group 78 is set (step 249). The process of step 249 is
As shown in Figure 20.

Next, the restart processing is also started for the second autorhythm (step 250). The restart processing for the second autorhythm is the same as the restart processing for the first autorhythm (steps 246 to 249, macro routine MACRO7). However, the sequence register group used is that of rhythm 2.

In this way, when the waiting time elapses after the key is turned off, the restart of the autorhythm is independently performed for each of the first autorhythm and the second autorhythm.

<Processing when the panel switch is operated> FIGS. 19A to 19B are flowcharts of the processing when the panel switch board 15 performs a switch operation and the panel scan circuit 16 outputs the interrupt signal INT4 to the CPU 12. Is.

In this process, first, if it is an on event (step 40
0), the switch related to this event is tempo switch 37
In the case of, the value of the tempo register 72 and the preset value to the programmable timer 11 are corrected (steps 401, 402),
When the timbre switch 33 is operated, the value of the melody timbre register 74 is modified to modify the stored contents of the panel display memory 3 (steps 403 and 404), and when the rhythm switch 34 is operated, the rhythm type register 75. The value stored in the panel display memory 3 is corrected (steps 405 and 4).
06), when the start / stop switch 38 is operated, the S / S flag of the mode register 73 is inverted to correct the stored contents of the panel display memory 3 corresponding to the start / stop switch 38 (steps 407, 408). ).

Here, the S / S flag is "1", that is, start /
If the stop switch 38 is on (step 40
9), rhythm 1 and rhythm 2 sequence register group 7
The set process of 8 and 79 is performed to start the autorhythm (step 410). This process is as shown in FIG. At this time, if the AUT flag of the mode register 73 is "1" and the mode is the auto mode, set processing of the sequence register groups 80 and 81 of the bass and arpeggio is performed,
Start the auto bass and auto arpeggio (steps 411, 412). Further, if the R / A flag of the mode register 73 is "1" and the recording / allocation mode is set, the recording address register 87 and the major clock counter
Clear 85 (steps 413 to 415).

In step 409, if the S / S flag is "0", that is, if the start / stop switch 38 is turned off, the rhythm 1 and rhythm 2 sequence register groups 78, 79 of US
The E flag is cleared to make it not in use, and the autorhythm is stopped (step 416). At this time, if the AUT flag of the mode register 73 is "0" and it is in the auto mode, the USE flag of the sequence register groups 80 and 81 of the base and arpeggio is cleared to make it in an unused state. Stop the arpeggio (steps 417 and 418). Further, if the R / A flag of the mode register 73 is "1" and the recording / allocation mode is set, the repeat data of "11 ... (255)", the value of the major clock register 71, and the value of the major clock counter 85 are The difference data is written in the record buffer 48, and the R / A flag of the mode register 73 and the recording / recording of the panel display memory 3 are performed.
The stored contents corresponding to the allocation switch 39 are cleared (steps 419 to 421).

Then, it is determined whether or not any key of the keyboard 13 is being depressed (step 422). If the mode switch 31 has not been pressed, the value of the mode register 73 is corrected to correct the contents stored in the panel display memory 3 (steps 423 and 424). In this case, in OFA mode and auto mode, the code sequence register group 84
The USE flag is cleared to make it unused, and code detection is stopped (step 425). And O
When the FA switch 32 is operated, the value of the mode register 73 is corrected to correct the stored contents of the panel display memory 3 (steps 426 and 427). In this case, the OFA flag is "0"
If so, the code sequence register group 84 US
The E flag is cleared to make it not in use, and code detection is stopped (steps 428 and 429).

By these steps 425 and 429, when the mode is switched, the reading and output of the adlib motif of the code is stopped. Of course, it may be stopped by another instruction, for example, by turning off the start / stop switch 38.

Next, if the S / S flag of the mode register 73 is "0", that is, if the start / stop switch 38 is in the off state (step 430), when the record / assign switch 39 is operated, the R / of the mode register 73 is set to R / S. Invert the A flag and correct the contents stored in the panel display memory 3 (steps 431, 43).
2), return.

In step 422, if the key is being pressed, the above step 423
The mode switching process of ~ 432 is not performed, and the performance content does not change while the key is pressed.

<Set processing of rhythm sequence register groups 78 and 79> Rhythm sequence register groups of steps 249 and 410 above
The setting process of 78 and 79 is performed based on the flowchart of FIG.

First, the ad lib motif assignment list 42 shown in Figure 1C.
Set the pattern number of the first autorhythm and the USE flag of "1" at the address "024 _H " of b (47b) in the A register, and the start address corresponding to this pattern number, that is, the ad-lib start. Address list
The data of the address which is doubled the pattern number of 42a (47a) is set in the HL register (step 501). The data set in the A register is usually an event key number, but since the auto motif does not have a corresponding key number, the pattern number of the adlib motif is set.

Next, the lower key number is read from the start address of the ad lib motif pattern area 47 of the RAM 20 designated by the HL register, and the rhythm tone number is read from this lower key number based on the stored contents of the rhythm tone table 44 shown in FIG. Is obtained and set in the B register and the C register respectively (step 502). Then, the value of the HL register is incremented by 2 (step 503).

Then, the step time data of the second beat data is read and written in the D register (step 504),
It is determined whether this step time data is "0" (step 505). If it is "0", there is no waiting time and the sound must be pronounced immediately. RAM2 specified by the HL register
It is determined whether or not the most significant bit of the stored data at the address of the 0 ad-lib motif pattern area 47 is "1", that is, whether the stored data is the lower key number as shown in FIG. 2B (step 506).

Since it is immediately after reading the first beat data, it is determined that it is the lower key number, and the process proceeds to step 507, where the on / off data of "1", the tone key number set in the C register and the "1" Gate time,
The velocity in the beat data and the rhythm tone color number set in the B register are written in the ring buffer 49 (step 507), the value of the ring top address register 92 is incremented by 4 (step 508), and the process returns to step 503.

In the next steps 503 to 505, it is determined whether the step time data of the second beat data is "0". However, normally, the step time data between the first beat data and the second beat data is not "0", and therefore the process directly returns.

In this way, the setting of the leading rhythm tone color number and tone generation key number of the auto motif pattern of the first auto rhythm (step 502) and the subsequent setting of the first beat data (steps 503 to 508) are performed. The second and subsequent beat data sets are processed by the rhythm 1 sequence shown in FIG. 18 and are processed by the interrupt signal INT2.
Is done at the output of. This also applies to the second autorhythm described below.

Then, the ad lib motif assignment list shown in Figure 1C.
The pattern number of the second auto rhythm at the address "025 _H " of 42b (47b) is set in the A register, and the start address corresponding to this pattern number shown in FIG. 1B, that is, the ad-lib start address list 42a (47a) above Data at an address that is twice the pattern number is set in the HL register (step 509).

And the ad lib motif assignment list shown in Figure 1C.
The delay time between the first autorhythm and the second autorhythm at the address "026 _H " of 42b (47b) is set in the D register (step 510), and it is determined whether or not this delay time is "0" (step). 511). If it is "0", it means that the delay time has already passed or it is "0" from the beginning, so the sequence processing of rhythm 2 is entered (step 512) and the process returns. This rhythm 2 sequence processing is the same as the rhythm 1 sequence processing (steps 501 to 508, macro routine MACRO8). However, the sequence register group used is that of rhythm 2.

In the setting process of the sequence register group 78 of rhythm 1 in step 249, the processes of steps 501 to 508 are performed, and in the setting process of the sequence register group 79 of the same rhythm 2 in step 250, steps 509 and 512 are performed. Processing is performed.

Further, in the setting process of the base and arpeggio sequence register groups 80 and 81 in step 412, the same process as steps 501 to 508 is performed. However, the sequence register group used is that of the base and arpeggio, and the pattern number of the auto motif that is set is
For auto bass and auto arpeggio, step 402 replaces step 221, step 504 replaces step 229, and step 507 replaces step 224.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the information indicating the performance motif may be added to or deleted from the information shown in each of FIGS. The means for instructing the sound emission may be a string, a wood pipe, a brass pipe or the like other than the keyboard.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the information indicating the motif of the performance is stored, and the motif information is read and output while the instruction means for instructing the sound emission of the musical tone is operated. I did it. Therefore, if the memorized motif information is related to accompaniment,
According to this motif pattern, the accompaniment content changes, and the chord and root change. In addition, if the stored motif information is about rhythm, as long as the operation of the instruction means continues, a plurality of rhythm sounds will automatically sound continuously in accordance with this motif pattern, and a rhythm performance can be performed comfortably. it can. Further, if the stored motif information is about the melody performance, the melody performance can be automatically performed only while the instruction means is operated, and if the automatic melody performance is to be stopped, the operation of the instruction means is performed. It suffices to stop the operation so that the player can participate in the automatic melody performance while performing a performance operation on the instruction means. Since the performance according to the motif is performed independently for each operation of the instructing means, the performance of each motif can be ensemble at different timings, and the skill can be refined in timing coordination.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 20 show an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 1 to 1C are diagrams showing examples of storage of ad lib motif data and the like, FIGS. 2A to 2C are diagrams showing storage format of ad lib motif data, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing ad lib motif area table 41. Fig. 4 is an overall circuit diagram, and Figs. 5A and 5B are panel switch boats.
15 is a diagram showing the keyboard 13; FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a list of tone numbers; FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a list of time signature data; FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a rhythm tone color table 44. Yes, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the key discrimination decoder 45, and FIG. 10 is a record buffer 48 and a ring buffer 49.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the assignment memory 4, FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are diagrams showing the function of each mode, and FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the working RAM 46.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the musical tone generating circuit 4, FIGS. 15A and 15B are diagrams showing changes in the stored contents by ad lib motif data recording, and FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a flowchart of the main routine. , FIG. 17A to FIG. 17F are flowcharts showing the processing at the time of a key event (key on, key off), and FIG. 18A to FIG. 18C are the flowcharts of the processing performed at every constant period at the time of outputting the interrupt signal INT2. FIG. 19A to FIG. 19B are views showing a flow chart of processing at the time of operating the panel switch.
FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a flowchart of the setting process of the rhythm sequence register groups 78 and 79. 4 ... Assignment memory, 12 ... CPU, 13 ... Keyboard, 15 ... Panel switch board, 19 ... ROM, 20 ...
RAM, 31 mode switch, 32 OFA (one finger ad lib) switch, 33 tone color switch, 34
Rhythm switch, 38 ... Start / stop switch,
39 …… Record / allocation switch, 42 (47) …… Adlib motif pattern area, 42a (47a) …… Adlib motif start address list, 42b (47b) …… Adlib motif assignment list, 46 …… Working RAM, 48… … Record buffer, 49… ring buffer.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Sekizuka 200 Terashima-cho, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture Kawai Musical Instruments Mfg. Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-60-135996 (JP, A) JP-A-59- 192289 (JP, A) JP 59-52298 (JP, A) JP 61-175691 (JP, A) JP 62-151898 (JP, A) Actual development JP 61-193499 (JP, U) Actual development Sho 59-84598 (JP, U) Actual development Sho 63-397 (JP, U)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A storage means for storing information indicating a plurality of types of performance motifs, a plurality of instruction means for instructing the pronunciation of a musical sound, and a determination means for determining which of the plurality of instruction means has been operated. Selecting means for selecting information indicating a plurality of types of motifs stored in the storage means according to the determination of the determining means, and reading means for reading the information selected by the selecting means from the storage means, Output means for outputting the information read by the reading means, first detecting means for detecting an ON operation of the instructing means, and the information by the reading means for detecting the information detected by the first detecting means. First read control means for starting the read operation, second detecting means for detecting an OFF operation of the instructing means, and the read operation according to the detection by the second detecting means. Motif playing apparatus being characterized in that a second reading control means for stopping the reading of information by. 2. The motif playing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of instructing means corresponds to a plurality of types of motif information stored in the storage means. 3. The information of a plurality of types of motifs corresponding to each of the plurality of instruction means is switched and selected to information of another motif stored in the storage means. Motif performance device. 4. The reading means reads the information indicating a plurality of motifs in parallel in a time division manner, and the output means outputs the information indicating a plurality of motifs read by the reading means in a time division manner in parallel. Claim 1 characterized by the above.
The described motif playing device. 5. The motif playing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the instructing means is externally connected.