JPH0780469B2 - Double-decker bus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Object of the Invention <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a double-decker bus in which a seat for a physically handicapped person, especially a wheelchair user is provided on the first floor.

<Conventional Technology> Conventionally, there has been no double-decker bus for passengers using wheelchairs, and the stairs in a normal double-decker bus are composed of so-called stair side plates and step and step plates. It is also fixed to the stairs side plate and horizontally provided.

In addition, vehicles with conventional seats for wheelchair users are
65110, Japanese Examined Sho 55-13939, Actual Public Sho 57-42821, Same 57-103
724, 58-28583, 60-602010, 621-2620
As described in the respective publications, it relates to means for effectively fixing a wheelchair in a vehicle.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention><A-1> Problems of Conventional Technology While passengers on a double-decker bus, especially passengers on the second floor, are forced to go up and down narrow stairs when moving up and down, Some are seated and some are standing. In addition, it is common for passengers to take a long time on a sightseeing bus, etc., which can only be loaded with a certain number of passengers. Even if they are always seated, fatigue from the legs below the waist is still a problem, especially if the passenger is an elderly person. That is big. Further, the stairs of this type of bus are generally narrow in width due to the structure of the vehicle and have a steep elevation angle (inclination). Therefore, in addition to the fatigue of the legs, it is inconvenient to ascend and descend, and passengers must pay attention to the danger of swaying their feet especially when ascending and descending.

Next, the means for fixing the wheelchair in the vehicle is conventionally limited to the means for simply fixing the wheelchair in the vehicle. Therefore, with these means that are simply fixed, the inertial impact given to the wheelchair user is very large when the bus suddenly stops, and the impact when a rear-end collision is large is also prevented, and the whip is scratched. There is a problem that there is no means for preventing the above.

<A-2> A technical problem to be solved by the present invention.

In view of the above, the present invention assists the ascending stepping force applied to the foot when climbing the stairs, and provides a cushioning mechanism that absorbs any weight on the foot when descending the stairs to facilitate the lifting and lowering of passengers. It is intended to solve the technical problem of impact mitigation, which is how to alleviate the inertial impact of a wheelchair user on a bus, etc. when starting or stopping, especially when the vehicle suddenly stops (hard braking).

(2) Regarding the configuration of the invention, (A) Means for solving the problem, The present invention has been described above. In the elevating stairs of a double-decker bus, the step plate is separated from the fixed structure of the side plate and the step of the stairs. In the ascending stairs, a spring mechanism is configured on the front rear surface of the tread, and the rear part is configured to rotate at the top of the stepping and not to separate from the top, and the rear rear surface of the tread on the descending stairs. A spring mechanism is constructed on the front part so that the front part rotates at the top of the stepping and does not separate from the top part, and the front part of the foot is elastic when climbing the stairs and the heel of the foot is elastic when descending the stairs. It is configured so that force can be applied. It should be noted that the elevating stairs may be a double-decker bus configured separately, or the same staircase may be used as an elevating staircase.

The seat of the wheelchair user arranged on the first floor is composed of a front rotation control mechanism for the wheelchair main wheels, the backrest of the wheelchair user, its support column, and an inertial shock absorbing band on the floor surface inside the vehicle. The front wheel rotation control mechanism of the main wheel is configured in the front part of the seat, and when the wheelchair is seated, it is extremely easy to allow the wheelchair to be seated and intruded. The main wheels are braked so that they cannot leave the seat unless a forward rotational force is applied.

Next is the backrest and its support, which is constructed at a certain distance from the front rotation control mechanism of the main wheel, that is, at a distance where the main wheel of the wheelchair can enter with some grace. Is cushioned so that it can safely support the head while sitting on a wheelchair, and is supported on the floor by columns. Side cushions are provided on both sides of the main wheel.

Next, regarding the shock absorbing band, the base part of the band is fixed to an appropriate portion of the seat such as a backrest, a strut or a side cushion, and the tip part of the band can be detachably stretched by the main frame of the wheelchair, and The entire band or a part of the band is made of an elastic body, and is configured to absorb and relieve the inertial impact applied to the wheelchair when the vehicle suddenly starts or stops. In addition, the wheelchairs get on and off from the exclusive entrance.

The present invention is a double-decker bus in which the wheelchair user seat having such a configuration is arranged on the first floor and the second floor is constructed so that general passengers can sit in it.

(B) With respect to the operation of the invention, since the present invention has the above-described configuration, when the user climbs up the stairs, it acts on the spring provided on the front rear surface of the tread by the weight applied to the foot and the rising stepping force. The spring is compressed and the front part of the tread descends by the compression interval. At this time, the tread plate rotates downward at the stepping top. Therefore, the tread tilts in the upward direction by the length of the compressed spring.

When the foot is separated from the stairs to step on the next step, the upward elastic force of the spring acts on the front part of the foot, and the user can easily step up to the next step. When descending the stairs, the weight of the tread causes the rear part of the tread to descend by that amount due to the compression of the spring, and the tread tilts backward. When stepping down to the next step, the elastic force of the spring acts upward on the heel of the foot, so that the foot can be easily lowered. Also at this time, the front part of the tread rotates at the top of the tread in conjunction with the expansion and contraction of the spring.

When a wheelchair user gets on the car, he / she can enter the car from the bus' exclusive entrance / exit while sitting on the wheelchair, and then turn to the seat and turn backward to advance the wheelchair so that the main wheels can easily move on the front rotation control mechanism. Pass through and stop close to the backrest and its stanchions.

That is, the wheelchair is seated on a seat composed of a front rotation control mechanism, a backrest, and its support columns. Once seated, the inertial shock-absorbing band, which is located at an appropriate point on the seat, is stretched over the main frame of the wheelchair. In that case, the wheelchair sits elastically with an inertial shock absorption band, and also sits in a state where the front rotation control mechanism controls the front rotation force of the main wheels due to a sudden stop etc. and the impact is absorbed. It will be.
Therefore, the impact due to inertia when the bus starts and stops in a normal state, or the impact caused by the running inertia when stopping suddenly is sufficiently absorbed and absorbed by the front rotation control mechanism and the inertial impact absorption band, and the wheelchair can not jump out of its seat. In addition, persons with disabilities in wheelchairs will not jump out of the wheelchair.
Of course, the wheelchair is equipped with a safety belt, so it is even safer.

(C) Example Next, an example will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 (A) is a plane explanatory view of the stairs of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (B) is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the stairs.
In the stairs, the side plates (1) and the step (2) are hung at a constant interval between the side plates (1) on the supporting back plate (3) of the stairs, and the top of the step (2) is used in this embodiment. Is formed by engraving in a reverse waveform. The tread (4) is formed such that one side of its long side is formed in a downwardly corrugated shape so that a fitting shaft can be attached to the reverse corrugation of the top of the stepped (2).

The other long side of the tread (4) is in close contact with the back of the tread receiving plate (7) of the spring mechanism described below.

Next, regarding a spring mechanism, this mechanism is composed of a spring receiving plate (6), a rubber spring (5) and a tread receiving plate (7), and the spring receiving plate (6) is a side plate (1).
It is installed between (1) and fixed to the supporting back plate (3). (8) is a pedestal for horizontally fixing the spring receiving plate (6). A plurality of rubber springs (5) are mounted on this pedestal, and a tread support plate (7) is mounted on the top of the spring (5) so that the tread plate support plate (5) moves up and down at the same time as the rubber spring (5) expands and contracts. I'm wearing it. The back surface of the tread (4) is always in contact with the tread receiving plate (7). In this spring mechanism, the spring is not limited to the rubber spring, but may be a spiral spring, a leaf spring, or another elastic body, or the elastic body (spring) and the tread (4).
Supporting contact means and elastic body (spring) Back plate (3)
Any means other than this embodiment may be adopted as the means for standing upright. Also, the tread (4) at the top of the tread (2)
The rotating means may be either shaft-attached or screw-attached, and the means is not limited.

Since the staircase in this embodiment has the above-mentioned structure, when the staircase is UP and DN, the spring expands and contracts due to the weight and the stepping force of the foot, and at that time, the tread (4) is the spring at the top of the step (2). Rotate by the amount of expansion and contraction.

The stairs have the same structure whether the stairs are provided individually or when the same stairs are used as the stairs. In this embodiment, the ascending stairs of (30) and the descending stairs of (31) are both usable.

Next, regarding the wheelchair seat arranged on the first floor, as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B), which are explanatory views, the forward improvement control mechanism of the main wheels constituting the seat is The wheelchair (10) is arranged in a bearing (25) on the floor surface (24) of the vehicle at an appropriate interval so that the wheelchair (10) can move in and out sufficiently, and the bearing (25) is provided with an L-shaped control rotary plate (14). ) Rotating shafts (26) installed horizontally on both ends
It is attached so as to rotate coaxially with the control rotary plate (14). At this time, the L-shaped control rotary plate (14) is rotated so as to rotate in an L-shape when the wheelchair (10) is seated, and in an inverted L-shape when the wheelchair (10) is absent in each case by 90 °. It is fixed to the shaft (26).

Further, the height (length) of each plate of the control rotary plate (14) is such that when the wheelchair (10) is seated, its main wheel (11) is placed on the L-shaped bottom part. . Therefore, this length should be at least slightly longer than the radius of the main wheel (11).

The backrest (13) is set at least at the same height from the floor surface (24) to the top of the head of the wheelchair user, and cushioning is provided to reduce inertial impact such as a rear impact, and the backrest (13) is supported by a pillar. (19) It is supported on the floor.

The interval between the L-shaped rising portion of the restraining rotary plate (14) and at least the column (19) is such that the main wheel (11) can be easily accommodated as shown in FIG. 2 (A). Good.

Next, the inertial shock absorbing band (20) is composed of a belt (15), a spiral spring (16) and a hanging metal (17), and the rear end of the belt (15) is a column (19)) or a side cushion (22). A spiral spring (16) having an appropriate elastic force is connected to the front end of the spiral spring (16), and a hook metal fitting (17) is attached to the tip of the spiral spring (16). It consists of (12) is a spiral spring (16)
It is a storage tube of. As a matter of course, the entire constituent parts may be a single elastic body, or the elastic body may be something other than the spiral spring. Also the absorption band (20)
The entire length of the wheelchair main frame (1)
8) It is sufficient if the length is such that it is hung on or suspended to a certain extent. In addition, (23) in the figure is a wheelchair (10) exclusive entrance / exit.

(3) Effects of the Invention Since the present invention has the above-described structure and operation, when the stairs are climbed up, the elastic force of the spring is applied to the front part of the foot as an up force, so that the stairs can be easily lifted. You can climb up, and when you go down the stairs, you can easily get off with the effect of absorbing the weight of your foot, especially in the heel part, by the contracting action of the sprig, and considerably reducing the impact on the entire foot .

In addition, when climbing stairs, the stairs of this type of vehicle are always installed narrowly and steeply because of its structure, and it may be difficult to climb because of the feeling that the body will be caught at the time of climbing, and sometimes it may fall behind. In the stairs of the present invention, since the tread (4) leans forward by the amount of contraction of the spring, the body also leans forward (posture), and there is no danger of ascending, and it is easy to climb the stairs in combination with the upward elastic force of the spring. it can.

In addition, at the time of stairs, the tread (4) tilts in the opposite direction to the step-down direction, that is, backward, so that the body has a certain backward leaning posture, and due to fatigue of the legs, etc. It has a great advantage that it can be prevented from falling down or is falling down, and that the foot that goes down the stairs becomes extremely light in combination with the rising elasticity of the spring applied to the heel part. In particular, the above effects can be said to be remarkable in long-distance buses.

Also, when the wheelchair (10) sits in the backward position, the main wheel (11) is placed in the inverted L-shape on the floor of the restraining rotary plate (14) standing upright on the floor. At the position where it abuts and pivots this backward 90 °, the previous rising part comes in contact with the floor and L
The bottom of the L-shape is the bottom of the inverted L-shape, and the bottom of the L-shape is the rising of the L-shape. The main wheel (11) of the wheelchair (10) is positioned between the L-shaped rising portion and the column (19), and the main wheel (11) contacts the L-shaped bottom portion so that the wheelchair (10) is complete. Sit down. Therefore, the weight of the wheelchair (10) and the human body are all applied to the L-shaped bottom part of the restraint rotary plate (14), and the restraint rotary plate (14) cannot easily rotate forward. That is, the forward movement of the wheelchair (10) is controlled. If the wheelchair (10) is seated as described above, a person with disabilities can attach the metal fittings (17) of the inertial shock absorbing band (20) to the main frame (18), and the absorbing band (20) can be attached to the main frame (20). The wheelchair (10) is more securely seated on the seat by being stretched between the pillar (18) and the column (19) or the side cushion (22). Of course, physically handicapped persons should wear the safety belt provided in the wheelchair (10).

In such a case, the inertial shock generated when the bus normally starts and stops is completely absorbed by the forward fine motion rotation of the restraining rotary plate (14) and the fine motion expansion and contraction of the elastic body (16) of the inertial shock absorbing band (20). People with disabilities feel almost no shock.

The greatest effect of the present invention is to absorb and alleviate a large inertial impact caused by sudden start, sudden stop, or rear-end collision of a bus due to some cause. Especially when the bus of the present invention is used for a regular bus, a sightseeing bus, etc. that runs on a highway, an effect can be expected.

That is, when the bus (27) suddenly starts or stops, it is a common experience that the inertial impact on passengers is great, and this impact is valid not only for buses but for all vehicles. However, there is no actual example of a double-decker bus that currently operates wheelchair users on a regular bus or sightseeing bus in Japan.

However, it is thought that the era of welfare society will surely come when the double-decker bus for wheelchair users will be operated. The biggest difficulty at that time is how to transport the wheelchair (10) with wheels that rolls back and forth even with a slight force while preventing rolling motion, and therefore the above-mentioned known technology is disclosed. However, these disclosed means cannot absorb the inertial shock and can not be transported safely, which is dangerous for persons with physical disabilities.

In the present invention, in the case of a sudden stop of a bus traveling at high speed, the rapid forward rolling motion of the main theory (11) caused by the traveling inertia is directly applied to the L-shaped rising portion of the restraining rotary plate (14), and I try to push it forward. On the other hand, since the main wheels (11) are attached to the bottom, the person with a physical disability and the wheelchair (10)
The weight acts to prevent forward rotation of the control rotary plate (14). However, when the force of the forward rolling motion due to the running inertia becomes larger than this force, the restraining rotary plate (14) rotates forward and the wheelchair pops out in front of the seat.

In such a case, according to the present invention, the inertial shock absorbing binder (20) acts and the elastic body (16) expands and contracts to absorb the inertial shock and the wheelchair pops out of the seat (rotation 90 ° in front of the restraint rotary plate). ) Is blocked. Therefore, the impact on the body of the physically handicapped person is alleviated by the synergistic effect of these two simultaneous actions, and safety is secured. The side cushion (22) prevents the wheelchair from skidding due to the rolling of the bus, and the backrest (13) reduces the shock caused by a sudden start or a rear-end collision to prevent whiplash.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (A) is a plan explanatory view of a staircase with a part of the tread removed, and FIG. 1 (B) is a sectional explanatory view showing the structure of the staircase. FIG. 1 (C) is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory view of an embodiment of a staircase in which a spring provided in the lower portion of the staircase step plate is configured as a spiral spring. FIG. 2 (A) is a side explanatory view showing a state in which the wheelchair is seated on the wheelchair user seat provided on the floor surface inside the vehicle, and FIG. 2 (B).
FIG. 4 is a front explanatory view excluding a person. FIG. 3 (A) is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of seats for wheelchair users on the first floor, and FIG. 3 (B) is a side view of the double-decker bus of the present invention. (1) ...... Both side plates (2) ...... Step down (3) ...... Support back plate (4) ...... Step plate (5) ...... Rubber spring (5 ') ...... Spiral spring (6) ...... Spring receiving plate (7) …… Tread support plate (8) …… Pedestal (9) …… Double-decker bus (10) …… Wheelchair (11) …… Main wheel (12) …… Spiral spring storage tube (13) …… Backrest (14) …… Control wheel (15) …… Belt (16) …… Spiral spring (17) …… Hooks (18) …… Main frame of wheelchair (19) …… Strut (backrest) (20 ) …… Inertia shock absorption band (21) …… Hand rim (22) …… Side cushion (23) …… Wheelchair lift (24) …… In-car floor (25) …… Bearing (26) …… Rotary shaft (Control wheel) (28) …… Standing (29) …… Guide wheel (30) …… Ascending stairs (31) …… Descent stairs

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a double-decker bus in which the first floor is a wheelchair-use seat and the second floor is for general passengers, the wheelchair-use seat on the first floor has a front wheel rotation control mechanism for wheelchair main wheels at the front of the seat. The back of the seat has the backrest of the wheelchair user and its columns, and the main frame of the wheelchair is provided with an inertial shock absorbing band that can be detachably stretched, and the stairs connecting the first floor and the second floor with the treads. A spring mechanism for vertical movement is provided on the back side of the front part when viewed from the climbing side of the, while the rear part of the tread plate is rotatably movable with respect to the upper end of the tread suspended on the supporting back plate between the side plates, Sometimes on the front of the foot,
A double-decker bus characterized by elastic forces being applied to the heels of the feet when descending. 2. The double-decker bus according to claim 1, wherein a rubber spring is used as the spring mechanism. 3. The double-decker bus according to claim 1, wherein a spiral spring is used as the spring mechanism.