JPH0773683B2 - Method and apparatus for selecting non-ferrous metal - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a nonferrous metal selecting method and apparatus which can be used for recovering nonferrous metals from dusts from which magnetic components have been removed by scrapping automobiles, home electric appliances and the like. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, automobiles, etc. have been crushed and crushed by a shredder and then magnetically separated to recover iron scrap, but automobiles use aluminum, copper, etc. in addition to iron. Therefore, in the past, valuable metals such as aluminum and copper were collected by hand. In some cases, a raw material of non-ferrous metal is put on the table, the table is vibrated, and a rotating magnetic field is applied to the raw material to separate those that naturally fall from the periphery of the table and those that fly and fall. It was being collected.

[0003]

However, in the method of separating and recovering the raw material by vibrating the table, the moving speed is slow, and when the feed amount of the raw material increases, the raw material layer thickness on the table increases and the sorting efficiency becomes poor. Therefore, there is a problem that the processing capacity per unit time is low. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a nonferrous metal selecting method and an apparatus thereof in which the moving speed of a nonferrous metal raw material is increased and the separation efficiency is improved.

[0004]

A method according to the above-mentioned object.
The method for selecting a non-ferrous metal described above is a method for selecting a non-ferrous metal from a raw material from which magnetic components have been removed, and a step of gradually introducing the raw material into a central portion of a table made of an insulator,
Rotating the table to gradually move the raw material in the circumferential direction, and applying a rotating magnetic field from the vertical direction of the table to apply a tangential force to the contained non-ferrous metals;
A step of providing a separating member around the table to separate the non-ferrous metal flying and falling around the table from the raw material from which the non-ferrous metal removed naturally around the table is removed. Has been done. The non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus according to claim 2 further comprises a table, which is made of an insulating material, is connected to a rotary drive source, and moves the raw material charged by rotation in the circumferential direction, and a chute that charges the raw material into the table. A counter magnet body that is rotatably provided above and below the table, a rotary drive source that rotates at least one of the magnet bodies, and a separation member provided with a gap around the table. Is configured. Further, in the nonferrous metal sorting apparatus according to claim 3, a metal plate piece made of an insulating material is arranged on the lower surface of the table, and a table for moving the introduced raw material in the circumferential direction and the raw material is introduced into the table. A chute, and a magnet body which is provided above and below the table and is freely rotatable to rotate the table;
The rotary drive source that rotates at least one of the magnet bodies and a separating member that is provided around the table with a gap therebetween are configured.

[0005]

In the method and apparatus for selecting non-ferrous metals according to claims 1 and 2, when the raw material is gradually charged into the central portion of the table, the table is appropriately rotated by the rotary drive source, and the raw material is centrifugally generated. Move in the circumferential direction. Then, in the process in which the raw material moves in the circumferential direction, a rotating magnetic field is applied from above and below, so that a force in the rotating magnetic field direction acts on the non-ferrous metal contained in the raw material, and further centrifugal force is applied. Therefore, the moving speed is increased, and the non-ferrous metal is separated from the raw material and flies in the tangential direction from the rotating magnetic field on the table to be efficiently separated. Further, since a separation member is provided around the table, the flying non-ferrous metal and the non-flying raw material are separated, and the non-ferrous metal is dropped to the outside and the non-ferrous metal is dropped to the inside. Will be done. In the non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus according to claim 3, when a rotary drive source is operated to rotate at least one of the magnets having opposite poles, a rotating magnetic field is generated, which applies a rotating force to the metal plate attached to the lower surface of the table. Give and the table will rotate. When raw material is put into this table, centrifugal force is applied to the raw material to move it in the circumferential direction, and in this process the moving magnetic field that rotates relatively faster than the table is cut off,
The non-ferrous metal contained in the raw material flies over the separation member arranged with a gap around the table, and the non-ferrous metal can be efficiently separated.

[0006]

【Example】

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of height adjustment of a separation plate. As shown in FIG. 1, a non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a reduction motor 11, which is an example of a rotary drive source, and a support member 12 connected to the reduction motor 11. A table 13 arranged as a pair, magnets 14 and 15 that are rotatably provided above and below the table 13 and form a pair, and a motor 16 that is an example of a rotary drive source that rotationally drives the lower magnetic pole body 15. , And a separation plate 17 which is an example of a separation member provided around the table 13. These will be described in detail below.

The support member 12 connected to the reduction motor 11 is made of a pipe or a solid rod, and a table 13 is fixed to the upper portion thereof. The table 13 is made of a disc made of plastic (or ceramic, wood, or a laminate of these) so that it is not affected by magnetism. A disk-shaped magnet body 15 is arranged in the lower part of the table 13 with a small gap (1 to 5 mm), and in the upper part of the table 13 to some extent (10 to 30 m).
m), a disk-shaped magnet body 14 is also arranged. The upper magnet body 14 has a small gap (1 to 5 mm).
It is covered with a cover 18 so that wind due to rotation is not generated. These magnet bodies 14, 15
The opposite poles are different poles, so that the magnetic field lines pass through the raw material more efficiently.

The lower magnet body 15 corresponds to the support member 1
2 has a rotary cylinder 19 arranged concentrically with the rotary cylinder 1.
A pulley 20 is attached to 9 and is connected to a pulley 21 attached to an output shaft of a motor 16 attached to a side by a belt 22 so as to be rotationally driven at a sufficient speed. In the figure, 23-
Reference numeral 26 denotes a bearing, and the support members for the bearings 23 and 24 are not shown. 27 is a cover.

A shaft cylinder 28 is fixed to the central upper portion of the upper magnet body 14, and the shaft cylinder 28 is rotatably attached to a support member (not shown) through bearings 29 and 30 to rotate the magnet body 14. Hold freely. A chute 31 for charging raw materials is provided at the center of the shaft cylinder 28.
A raw material receiver 32 having a side surface forming a cylinder is arranged around the table 13, and a cylindrical separating plate 17 is provided on the bottom surface of the raw material receiver 32. As shown in FIG. 2, the separating plate 17 is composed of an inner plate 33 and an outer plate 34. The inner plate 33 has a screw rod 35 fixed substantially vertically, and a long hole 36 is obliquely formed on the side surface of the outer plate 34. The screw rod 35 is inserted and inserted. A nut 38 is screwed into the screw rod 35 via a washer 37. The raw material receiver 32 is attached to an elevator adjusting device (not shown) so that its position can be raised and lowered within a small range.

Therefore, when the non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus 10 is used, when the motor 16 is first rotated to rotate the lower magnet body 15, the upper magnet body 14 is also rotated, whereby the table 13 is rotated. A rotating magnetic field passing vertically is generated at. In this state, the speed of the reduction motor 11 is changed according to the situation of the raw material to adjust the speed of movement in the circumferential direction of the table 13. As for the height of the separating plate 17, the nut 38 is loosened in advance according to the flying direction of the raw material according to the rotation speed of the table 13 as shown in FIG. Adjust its height. Then, the table 13 and the magnet body 1
The raw material to be sorted is gradually introduced from the chute 31 in a state where the rolls 4 and 15 are rotated. The charged raw material gradually moves in the outer edge direction due to the rotation of the table 13, but since a rotating magnetic field is applied, the non-ferrous metal moves in the tangential direction to be separated from other raw materials, and finally from the table 13 in the tangential direction. Fly to.

Here, if the position of the separating plate 17 is set at a predetermined position, the raw material from which the non-ferrous metal has been removed is stored in the table 1.
3 falls down from the edge of 3 but non-ferrous metal
Since it flies in a tangential direction from, it falls outside the separating plate 17 and is separated and collected. As described above, according to the non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the magnets 14 and 15 are rotated, and the table 13 is rotated by using the reduction motor 11. The raw material can be moved at high speed, and the sorting efficiency of the raw material can be improved. Further, even if the supply of the raw material is increased, the raw material is not deposited on the table 13 and the selection efficiency is not deteriorated.

Further, if the gap between the upper and lower magnet bodies 14 and 15 is reduced, the magnetic flux density is increased and even small-grain non-ferrous metal can be recovered. Gradual aluminum is recovered by increasing the gap between the bodies 14 and 15 and slowing down the rotation speed, and then gradually decreasing the gap and increasing the rotation speed to recover fine particles. By performing proper selection, the recovery rate can be significantly improved. In the first embodiment, in order to generate the rotating magnetic field, the lower magnet body 15 is rotationally driven and the upper magnet body 14 is free to rotate. However, the upper magnet body 14 is forcibly rotated ( Synchronous rotation is preferable), and further, it is possible to use an iron core and a coil instead of the magnet bodies 14 and 15 and to flow an alternating current by the principle of an induction motor to create a rotating magnetic field of the opposite pole. .

Next, a non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a table, and FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the table. In FIG. 3, the reduction motor 11, the magnet body 14, the separation plate 17, the cover 18, the barrel 28, the bearings 29, 3
0, chute 31, and raw material receiver 32 have the same configurations as those in FIG. The difference from the configuration of FIG. 1 is that the rotary plate 3 fixed to the upper part of the support member 40.
9 is provided, and the table 13 is a freely rotatable table 41 and a non-ferrous metal sorting device 42 is used. Hereinafter, these will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary plate 39 has a magnet body 43 arranged on the upper surface thereof, and a cylindrical body 44 fixed to the central portion thereof. The table 41 has a disk shape, a cone for guiding the raw material is formed at the center of the upper surface thereof, a rotating shaft 45 is fixed at the center of the lower surface, and a lower surface of the metal plate piece is fixed as shown in FIG. A plurality of copper plate pieces 46, which is an example, are arranged. The cylindrical body 44 and the rotating shaft 45
A bearing 47 is rotatably held between them. The copper plate piece 46 is fixed to the table 41 with screws 48 as shown in FIG. Incidentally, 49 in FIG. 3 is a cover.

Next, a method of using the nonferrous metal sorting apparatus 42 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 3
First, when the reduction motor 11 is rotated to rotate the lower rotary plate 39, the upper magnet body 14 is also rotated in association with the magnet body 43, whereby the table 4 is rotated.
A rotating magnetic field passing through 1 in the vertical direction is generated. The rotating magnetic field passes through the copper plate piece 46, an eddy current flows through the copper plate piece 46, and the table 41 rotates in the same direction as the rotating magnetic field. Then, the deceleration motor 11 is changed in speed according to the situation of the raw material, or the brake mechanism provided on the table 41 (not shown) is operated to adjust the speed at which the raw material moves in the peripheral direction of the table 41. Adjustment of the height of the separation plate 17 corresponding to the change in the flight direction of the raw material due to the change of the rotation speed of the table 41 is performed in the same manner as in the case of the sorting apparatus 10 of the first embodiment. Then, the charging of the raw material into the chute 31, the movement of the raw material on the table 41, the dropping of the raw material from which the non-ferrous metal is removed from the table 41, and the flight of the non-ferrous metal in the raw material act as in the above-described embodiment. It is possible to improve the efficiency of selecting raw materials. In particular, the nonferrous metal sorting device 42 according to the second embodiment does not require the motor 16 and the rotary cylinder 19 and can be manufactured inexpensively, unlike the nonferrous metal sorting device 10 according to the first embodiment. Is possible. The separation plate 17 of the first and second embodiments is a plate that can be raised and lowered. However, a plurality of separation plates having different diameters are prepared without being able to move up and down according to the flight distance of non-ferrous metal. You may use it.

[0015]

As is apparent from the above description, the nonferrous metal selecting method and apparatus according to claims 1 to 3 accelerate the moving speed of the nonferrous metal in the raw material by rotating the table and rotating magnetic field. By flying outside the table, the separation efficiency of non-ferrous metals can be dramatically improved. In particular, the non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus according to the third aspect of the invention is inexpensive to manufacture because it does not require a rotary drive source for rotating the table because the metal plate piece is provided on the lower surface of the table and is rotated by the upper and lower magnet bodies. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a non-ferrous metal sorting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of height adjustment of a separation plate.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a non-ferrous metal sorting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a table.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the table.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Nonferrous Metal Sorting Device 11 Reduction Motor 12 Supporting Member 13 Table 14 Magnet Body 15 Magnet Body 16 Motor 17 Separation Plate 18 Cover 19 Rotating Tube 20 Pulley 21 Pulley 22 Belt 23 Bearing 24 Bearing 25 Bearing 26 Bearing 27 Cover 28 Shaft Tube 29 Bearing 30 Bearing 31 Chute 32 Raw material receiver 33 Inner plate 34 Outer plate 35 Screw rod 36 Long hole 37 Washer 38 Nut 39 Rotating plate 40 Supporting member 41 Table 42 Nonferrous metal sorter 43 Magnet body 44 Cylindrical body 45 Rotating shaft 46 Copper plate Piece 47 Bearing 48 Screw 49 Cover

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method of selecting a non-ferrous metal from a raw material from which magnetic components have been removed, the step of gradually introducing the raw material into a central portion of a table made of an insulating material, and gradually rotating the table to rotate the table. A step of moving the raw material in the circumferential direction to the table and applying a rotating magnetic field from the vertical direction of the table to apply a tangential force to the non-ferrous metals contained therein; and providing a separating member around the table, A method for separating non-ferrous metal, comprising a step of separating the non-ferrous metal flying and falling from the surroundings and the raw material from which the non-ferrous metal has been naturally dropped from the surroundings of the table. 2. A table, which is made of an insulating material, is connected to a rotary drive source, and moves the raw material charged by rotation in the circumferential direction, a chute for charging the raw material to the table, and freely rotatable above and below the table. Selection of non-ferrous metal, comprising: a counter magnet body provided, a rotary drive source that rotates at least one of the magnet bodies, and a separating member provided with a gap around the table. apparatus. 3. A table made of an insulating material, on the lower surface of which a metal plate piece is disposed, a table for moving the charged raw material in the circumferential direction, a chute for charging the raw material on the table, and a rotation table above and below the table. A counter member for freely rotating the table, a rotating drive source for rotating at least one of the magnet members, and a separating member provided with a gap around the table. Non-ferrous metal sorting device to be used.