KR102298216B1 - Nonferrous metal screening system using eddy current. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a grinding means (100) for crushing and pulverizing waste electrical and electronic products, and adding an eddy current to the grinding scrap supplied by grinding in the grinding means, but changing the eddy current that can change the strength of the eddy current added to the grinding scrap means 200 are provided,
The eddy current changing means 200 includes a magnetic force generating means 300 for generating a magnetic field in order to add an eddy current to the classified crushing scrap, and a conveyor device 400 that transports the crushed scrap and provides a moving speed to the crushed scrap. ) is formed by
The magnetic force generating means 300 and the conveyor device 400 are provided separately from each other,
The conveyor device 400 is provided with a rear roller 410, a conveyor belt 420, and a sorting roller 430 installed at the end of the conveyor device 400,
The magnetic force generating means 300 provides a non-ferrous metal sorting device using an eddy current, characterized in that it includes a magnet roll 310 for generating an eddy current in the crushing scrap.

Description

Nonferrous metal screening system using eddy current.

The present invention is a non-ferrous metal sorting device using an eddy current, and more specifically, includes a crushing means for crushing and pulverizing an electronic product in order to recover non-ferrous metal from the waste electrical and electronic product, and an eddy current to the crushed scrap supplied by crushing in the crushing means It relates to an apparatus for classifying non-ferrous metals by component by adding them, and to a non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus and classification method using an eddy current equipped with an eddy current changing means capable of changing the strength of the eddy current added to the crushing scrap.

In general, copper (Cu) wire is usually used for waste wires or waste electrical and electronic products (waste motors), but aluminum (Al) with high conductivity is used for high voltage, etc. of metals are used, and iron materials are easily classified using magnetic force in ordinary waste metal products, but non-ferrous metals are not classified in a classification device using ordinary magnetic force.

In order to recycle these waste wires or waste electrical and electronic products (waste motors), the powder and granular material crushed through the crushing process can be easily classified into metals and non-ferrous metals using magnetic force, but non-ferrous metals are classified using ordinary magnetic force. Since classification is not easy with permanent magnets, non-ferrous metal sorting devices using eddy currents are used for classification.

Such a non-ferrous metal sorting device is known in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-1996-0017471 (published on June 17, 1996) as "a sorting device capable of classifying aluminum or aluminum alloy from non-magnetic metals".

1 shows a non-ferrous metal sorting device using an eddy current of the prior art, and looking at the non-ferrous metal sorting device, a permanent magnet inside the rotary roller 22 that comes into contact with the conveyor belt and rotates at the end of the conveyor belt 20 A configuration in which 28 is inserted and rotated by the rotating shaft 12 is shown.

In addition, referring to FIG. 2 , it can be seen that the prior art non-ferrous metal sorting device rotates at a constant speed in the same direction as the moving direction of the conveyor belt by inserting a permanent magnet into the rotary roller 22 of the conveyor belt.

When the permanent magnet 28 rotates, an eddy current is generated according to a change in the magnetic force line in the non-ferrous metal that is being transferred while the non-ferrous metal being transferred there also moves.

As such, a difference occurs in the force opposite to the direction of movement depending on the component of the non-ferrous metal in motion, and the drop point is also different due to the inertia according to the gravity of the non-ferrous metal and the conveying speed of the conveyor belt.

In order to increase the discrimination power of non-ferrous metals according to this principle, referring to FIG. 3 for the eddy current, the eddy current by the research magnet generates an electromotive force when the magnetic flux changes in the magnetic material, and by this electromotive force, the magnetic material As shown in FIG. 3, a vortex-shaped current flows, and the vortex-shaped current is referred to as an eddy current. [Naver Knowledge Encyclopedia]

Therefore, in order to increase the eddy current, there is a method of increasing the magnetic flux applied to the magnetic material or increasing the moving speed of the magnetic material.

In order to increase the magnetic force of the permanent magnet by increasing the strengths of the eddy current in the non-ferrous metal powder and granular material loaded on the conveyor belt of the prior art shown in FIGS. Although the number of rotations of the rotary roller should be increased, there is a problem in that, when the number of rotations of the rotary roller is increased, the conveying speed of the conveyor belt is also increased.

1): Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1996-0017471 2): Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0116571 3): Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-0349175 4): Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1748434

The present invention is to solve the above problems, and includes a crushing means for crushing and pulverizing waste electric wires or waste electrical and electronic products (waste motor), and non-metallic components such as synthetic resins contained in the pulverizing scrap pulverized by the pulverizing means. Classification of non-ferrous metals that can be classified into non-ferrous metals and non-metal components at the same time using an eddy current classification device. The purpose is to provide a device.

In addition, as a structure that can change the strength of the eddy current, a classification roller is installed at the end of the conveyor device that transports the crushed scrap, and an eddy current is generated in the crushed scrap being transported by ascending and descending on the upper conveyor belt of the classification roller,

The arrangement uses a magnet roll so that the eddy current can rotate inside the fractionation roller, and the magnet roll and the fractionation roller are arranged separately from each other,

The purpose of changing the strength of the eddy current is to provide a non-ferrous metal sorting device capable of changing the rotational speed of the fractionation roller and/or the rotational speed of the magnet roll.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, a grinding means 100 for crushing and crushing waste electrical and electronic products, and adding an eddy current to the grinding scrap supplied by grinding in the grinding means, which is added to the grinding scrap There is provided a non-ferrous metal sorting device using an eddy current, characterized in that an eddy current changing means 200 capable of changing the intensity of the eddy current is provided.

Preferably, the eddy current changing means 200 includes a magnetic force generating means 300 for generating a magnetic field in order to add an eddy current to the crushed scrap to be classified, and a conveyor for transferring the crushing scrap and providing a moving speed to the crushing scrap It is formed as a device 400, and the magnetic force generating means 300 and the conveyor device 400 are provided separately from each other,

The conveyor device 400 is provided with a rear roller 410, a conveyor belt 420, and a sorting roller 430 installed at the end of the conveyor device 400, and the magnetic force generating means 300 is the crushing scrap. A magnet roll 310 for generating an eddy current is included.

In addition, the magnet roll 310 is arranged to rotate inside the sorting roller 430, and is disposed separately from the sorting roller, and the driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and the magnet roll 310. The driving means is provided separately, and the intensity of the eddy current generated in the crushing scrap is changed by the rotational speed of the fractionation roller and/or the rotational speed of the magnet roll.

In addition, the intensity of the eddy current generated in the crushing scrap is changed by making the rotation direction of the classification roller the same or different from the rotation direction of the magnet roll, and the driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and the magnet roll ( A controller for controlling the driving means of 310 is provided, and the controller 330 is configured to change the transport speed of the conveyor belt 420 of the conveyor device 400 and/or the magnet roll 310 according to the type of the crushed scrap. ) by adjusting the rotational direction and rotational speed of the crushing scrap by changing the conveying speed of the conveyor and the relative speed of the magnet roll, it is formed so as to control the strength of the eddy current generated in the crushing scrap.

In addition, in order to sort copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) from non-ferrous metals in the crushed scrap, the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 420 is limited to 0.5 m/s or less,

The conveyor belt 420 rotates in contact with the upper surface of the sorting roller 430 of the conveyor device by rotating the rotation direction of the magnet roll 310 at 500 to 600 rpm in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the conveyor belt 420 . ) It is classified by forming a magnetic force of 4,000~10,000 gauss on the surface.

In addition, the number of magnetic poles of the magnet roll 310 is 10 to 15, the magnetic field strength of the magnet roll 310 is 5,000 to 10,000 gauss, and the magnet roll 310 is a permanent magnet with neodymium (Nd) added thereto. Neodymium magnets are used.

In addition, the crushed scrap is uniformly cut to a length of 2 to 5 mm, and the loading height of the crushed scrap loaded on the conveyor belt 420 is 5 mm or less.

In addition, the crushing means 100 includes a primary crusher 110 for crushing the waste electrical and electronic products, and a magnetic scrap (metal) and a non-magnetic material included in the crushing scrap by transporting the crushing scrap crushed in the primary crusher. It consists of a magnetic sorter 120 for separating scraps, and a secondary grinder 130 for secondary pulverizing the non-magnetic scrap separated in the magnetic sorting process.

As described above, according to the present invention, a crushing means for crushing and pulverizing a waste electric wire or a waste electric and electronic product (waste motor) is provided, and depending on the type of mixing of the non-metal included in the pulverizing scrap pulverized by the pulverizing means, By changing the rate of change of magnetic flux, the strength of the eddy current is changed, so that it can be easily classified into non-metal components such as synthetic resins and non-ferrous metals.

In addition, a classification roller is installed at the end of the conveyor device for transferring the crushed scrap to generate an eddy current in the crushed scrap that is lifted and transferred to the upper conveyor belt of the classification roller, and the eddy current is a magnet roll to rotate inside the classification roller and arranged so as to be separated from each other from the magnet roll and the fractionation roller, and configured to change the intensity of the eddy current by changing the rotational speed of the fractionation roller and/or the rotational speed of the magnet roll, There is an effect of improving the work efficiency by changing the strength of the eddy current according to the type.

In addition, the magnet roll has the effect of increasing the strength of the magnetic field compared to the volume of the magnet roll by using a neodymium magnet, which is a permanent magnet to which neodymium (Nd) is added.

1 is a front view of an eddy current classification device of the prior invention;
Figure 2 is an eddy current generator of the eddy current classification device of the prior invention.
3 is a diagram of the generation principle of an eddy current used in the present invention.
Figure 4 is a front view showing a non-ferrous metal sorting device using an eddy current according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view of a sorting roller installed at the end of a conveyor device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view of a magnet roll according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a process diagram for manufacturing a crushing script classified in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a photograph of a crushed scrap according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
9 is an enlarged photograph of a crushed scrap according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a waste resource recovery process diagram classified in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The terms used in the present invention have been selected as widely used general terms as possible, but in certain cases, there are also terms arbitrarily selected by the applicant. should be taken into account to understand its meaning.

Hereinafter, the technical configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Here, it should be noted that all expressions related to directions such as up, down, left and right, right, left, and bottom are described based on the presented drawings.

The present invention may be embodied in several different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Throughout the specification, like reference numerals are assigned to similar parts.

4 shows a non-ferrous metal sorting device using an eddy current according to an embodiment of the present invention,

The non-ferrous metal sorting device using the eddy current of the present invention is provided with an eddy current changing means 200 that can change the strength of the eddy current added to the crushing scrap by adding an eddy current to the crushed scrap to be classified.

The eddy current changing means 200 includes a magnetic force generating means 300 for generating a magnetic field in order to add an eddy current to the classified crushing scrap, and a conveyor device 400 that transports the crushed scrap and provides a moving speed to the crushed scrap ), and the magnetic force generating means 300 and the conveyor device 400 are provided separately from each other.

In addition, the conveyor device 400 may include a plurality of rollers for transporting the conveyor belt 420 and the conveyor belt 420 or preventing the conveyor belt 420 from sagging or departing, and a rear roller 410 and a sorting roller 430 installed at the end of the conveyor device 400 are provided.

In addition, the magnetic force generating means 300 includes a magnet roll 310 for generating an eddy current in the crushing scrap.

In addition, the magnet roll 310 is disposed so as to be rotatable inside the sorting roller 430, and is disposed separately from the sorting roller.

As the sorting roller 430 and the magnet roll 310 are separated and disposed in this way, the magnet roll 310 is separated from the conveying device of the conveyor belt 420, and the driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and The driving means of the magnet roll 310 is provided separately.

In addition, a controller for controlling the driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and the driving means of the magnet roll 310 is provided, and the controller 330 is a conveyor belt of the conveyor device 400 according to the type of the crushing scrap. By changing the feed speed of 420 and/or adjusting the rotation direction and rotation speed of the magnet roll 310, the feed speed of the crushing scrap conveyor and the relative speed of the magnet roll can be adjusted widely.

That is, as described above, the driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and the driving means of the magnet roll 310 are separately provided, and the driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and the driving means of the magnet roll 310 are controlled. As the controller is provided, even if the driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and the driving means of the magnet roll 310 rotate at the same rotational speed, when rotating in the same rotational direction, the conveyor belt sorting roller 430 and The magnet roll 310 rotates at the same speed so that the difference in the rotation speed of the two rollers 430 and 310 becomes "0", but the number of poles of the magnet roll 310 inside the classification roller 430 and the rotation at the top The eddy current is weakly generated by the speed of the conveyor belt 420 .

In addition, even when rotating at the same rotational speed as described above, if the rotational directions of the driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and the driving means of the magnet roll 310 are rotated in opposite directions, the conveyor belt 420 transfer speed The speed transferred from the outer peripheral surface of the magnet roll 310 is added and doubled.

As suggested above, when rotating in the same direction in order to lower the relative feed rate, it can proceed at a very low feed rate. On the other hand, in order to use a relatively high feed rate, the rotation direction of the magnet roll is the movement of the conveyor belt 420 . It rotates in the opposite direction to the direction and the feed speed can be adjusted in various ways by adjusting the speed of the rotation speed.

Although the eddy current has been described above, in other words, when the copper wire through which the magnetic force line passes is laid flat on the conveyor belt 420 installed on the top of the magnet roll 310, the copper wire is connected to the N pole and S of the magnet roll. When positioned between the poles, the magnetic force line of the magnet comes out of N, passes through the copper wire, turns around, passes through the copper wire again, and enters S, and by the rotation of the magnet roll 310, the electromotive force repeatedly flows in the clockwise direction. Since the S pole is formed and the N pole is made below the copper wire, the copper wire is repelled by the N pole of the magnet and is attracted to the S pole of the magnet, and a force opposite to the direction of movement is generated and the conveyor on the upper part of the sorting roller 430 As the belt rotates while protruding in the conveying direction, it falls to the position of box B further away from the fractionation roller 430 by the repulsive force caused by the conveying speed and eddy current of the conveyor belt due to specific gravity.

In addition, in the case of aluminum (Al), the conduction rate is lower than that of copper, so the eddy current is also relatively lower than that of copper, and the specific gravity is relatively low compared to copper (Cu). It falls to the location of the box.

According to this configuration and principle, the difference in electromotive force generated according to the components of non-ferrous metals and the difference in specific gravity according to the components of non-ferrous metals can be classified according to components.

In the present invention, in order to increase the selection rate of copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) among non-ferrous metals in the crushed scrap, the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 420 is limited to 0.5 m/s or less, and the By rotating the rotation direction at 500 to 600 rpm in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the conveyor belt 420, 4,000 to 10,000 gauss on the surface of the conveyor belt 420 that is rotated in contact with the upper surface of the sorting roller 430 of the conveyor device It is characterized in that to form the magnetic force of.

In the foregoing, the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 420 is limited to 0.5 m/s or less in consideration of the difference in specific gravity between copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al).

When the conveying speed is 0.5 m/s or more, when the centrifugal force increases when the crushed scrap loaded on the conveyor belt 420 from the upper part of the sorting roller 430 and transferred freely falls, it occurs in the non-ferrous metal of a component that generates less eddy current. As the free-fall point similarly falls due to the repulsive force caused by the eddy current, a problem occurs in the sorting operation, and the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 420 is limited to 0.5 m/s or less.

In addition, by rotating the rotation direction of the magnet roll 310 at 500 to 600 rpm in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the conveyor belt 420, the magnet roll 310 and the conveyor belt 420 move in the same direction. Compared to rotating, a relatively high difference in moving speed occurs. Due to this difference in moving speed, the surface of the conveyor belt 420 rotated in contact with the upper surface of the sorting roller 430 of the conveyor device is 4,000 to 10,000 gauss. It is characterized in that to form the magnetic force of.

5 and 6 are cross-sectional views of the sorting roller and the magnet roll installed at the end of the conveyor device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The number of magnetic poles of the magnet roll 310 is limited to 10 to 15, and when the number of magnetic poles is 15 or more, it can help to form a magnetic field. It can be problematic, so the optimal number of stimuli is limited to 10 to 15.

In addition, the magnetic field strength of the magnet roll 310 is 5,000 to 10,000 gauss, and when the number of magnetic poles increases, the strength of the magnetic field can be lowered, but the magnetic field strength is limited to 15 or less according to the relationship between the durability performance. is at least 5,000 gauss, and if the number of poles is 10 or less, the magnetic field strength should be at least 10,000 gauss. ), a permanent magnet with added neodymium magnets is used.

By such numerical limitation, the particle length of non-ferrous metals can effectively classify copper or aluminum components having a uniform size of at least 2 mm.

That is, during the screening process of non-ferrous metals, when the particle size is too small (2 mm or less), the selection force by magnetic force lines is significantly reduced, so the minimum particle size is preferably 2 mm or more. Most importantly, although the size of the copper or aluminum non-ferrous metal must be uniform, selection is possible by eddy current. When the particle size of the non-ferrous metal obtained through chipping is non-uniform, the selection of copper or aluminum becomes impossible. In order to prevent this, it is most important to provide grinding conditions so that non-ferrous metals such as copper or aluminum have a uniform particle size during crushing or crushing. For this, the shape of the grinding blade and the moving speed of the conveyor during grinding, classification speed, rotation speed, etc. are most important.

Second, even if the non-ferrous metal of uniform fine particles is obtained, it must be transported in a thin distribution of the laminated non-ferrous metal when moving the conveyor using the eddy current. When a large number of non-ferrous metal particles are accumulated and moved to a conveyor to form a thick layer, it is difficult to sort out a large number of non-ferrous metal particles because they are limited to only a certain area even if they are affected by magnetic force by an eddy current. Therefore, it is most important to control the moving speed and the classifying speed so that the conveyor can be moved in an appropriate amount when classifying.

In addition, in order for these non-ferrous metal powders to be effectively separated, the loading thickness of the crushed scrap loaded and transported on the conveyor belt 420 must be composed of one or two thin layers of moving crushed scrap particles so that an eddy current can be uniformly generated. , it is easy to classify the lamination thickness if it has a thickness equivalent to one or two of the pulverized particles.

Looking at the process of crushing scrap classified in the non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus using the eddy current of the present invention with reference to FIG. 6 , the coil of the motor, which is a raw material, and the waste wire can be uniformly cut through the stripping and crushing process.

8 shows a process for automating the above process,

The received waste resources are delivered to the crusher by a belt conveyor, and are first crushed and delivered to the crusher. The crusher is secondarily crushed to complete the crushed script classified into a certain length.

This means that the crushing means 100 carries the primary crusher 110 for crushing the waste electrical and electronic products and the crushed scrap crushed in the primary crusher, and includes magnetic scrap (metal) and nonmagnetic material scrap included in the crushing scrap. It consists of a magnetic sorter 120 for separating into the magnetic separator, and a secondary grinder 130 for secondary grinding of the non-magnetic scrap separated in the magnetic sorting process.

9 and 10 show a photograph of a crushed scrap according to a preferred embodiment and an enlarged photograph. In order to easily classify the crushed scrap prepared in this way by a non-ferrous metal sorting device using an eddy current, the length of 2 to 5 mm is constant. According to this length, the loading height of the crushed scraps loaded on the conveyor belt 420 must be 5 mm or less, so that eddy currents are easily generated and classified in the crushed scraps.

The above description is illustrative of the present invention, and the embodiments published in the specification are intended to explain, not to limit the technical idea of the present invention, so those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains Various modifications and variations will be possible without departing from the technical idea of Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is to be interpreted by the matters described in the claims, and technical matters within the scope equivalent thereto should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100: crushing means 200: vortex changing means
300: magnetic force generating means 310: magnet roll
320: magnet roll driving means 330: controller
400: conveyor device 410: rear roller
420: conveyor belt 430: sorting roller

Claims (9)

A crushing means 100 for crushing and pulverizing waste electrical and electronic products, and
Add an eddy current to the grinding scrap supplied by grinding in the grinding means,
An eddy current changing means 200 capable of changing the strength of the eddy current added to the crushing scrap is provided,
The eddy current changing means 200 includes a magnetic force generating means 300 for generating a magnetic field in order to add an eddy current to the classified crushing scrap, and a conveyor device 400 that transports the crushed scrap and provides a moving speed to the crushed scrap. ) is formed by
The magnetic force generating means 300 and the conveyor device 400 are provided separately from each other and
The conveyor device 400 is provided with a rear roller 410, a conveyor belt 420, and a sorting roller 430 installed at the end of the conveyor device 400,
The magnetic force generating means 300 includes a magnet roll 310 for generating an eddy current in the grinding scrap,
The magnet roll 310 is disposed so as to rotate inside the sorting roller 430, and is disposed separately from the sorting roller,
The driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and the driving means of the magnet roll 310 are separately provided,
and a controller for controlling the driving means of the conveyor belt 420 and the driving means of the magnet roll 310,
The controller 330 is
By changing the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 420 of the conveyor device 400 and/or adjusting the rotational direction and rotational speed of the magnetic roll 310 according to the type of the crushing scrap, the conveying speed of the crushing scrap and the conveyor By changing the relative speed of the magnet roll
A non-ferrous metal sorting device using an eddy current, characterized in that it is formed to control the intensity of the eddy current generated from the crushing scrap. delete delete delete delete According to claim 1,
The intensity of the eddy current generated in the crushing scrap is a non-ferrous metal sorting device using an eddy current, characterized in that it is changed by the rotation speed of the fractionation roller and/or the rotation speed of the magnet roll. According to claim 1,
The intensity of the eddy current generated in the crushing scrap is changed by making the rotation direction of the fractionation roller the same or different from the rotation direction of the magnet roll. delete According to claim 1,
In order to select copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) from non-ferrous metals in the pulverized scrap
The conveying speed of the conveyor belt 420 is limited to 0.5 m/s or less,
By rotating the rotation direction of the magnet roll 310 in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the conveyor belt 420 at 500 to 600 rpm,
Non-ferrous metal sorting device using eddy current, characterized in that the magnetic force of 4,000 to 10,000 gauss is formed on the surface of the conveyor belt 420 that is rotated in contact with the upper surface of the sorting roller 430 of the conveyor device.

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