JP3030403B2 - Dry magnetic sorter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dry magnetic separator in which a magnet is fixedly arranged inside and a rotating cylindrical drum is arranged outside to separate magnetic substances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 5, a conventional dry magnetic sorter 50 has a plurality of permanent magnets 52 fixedly arranged inside a rotating cylindrical drum 51 from an upper portion to a front half. A plurality of permanent magnets 52 of appropriate length are arranged in series in the axial direction, and are arranged so that the magnets adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction have different polarities, and are fixed to the magnet mounting plate 53. In order to sort the magnetic substance 54 and the non-magnetic substance 55 using the dry magnetic separator 50, first, a raw material 56 composed of the magnetic substance 54 and the non-magnetic substance 55 is loaded onto the rotating cylindrical drum 51 from above. . The magnetic material 54 of the input raw material 56 is converted into the cylindrical drum 5 by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 52.
After that, the magnetic flux is repeatedly inverted and inverted due to the change in the direction of the magnetic flux with the rotation of the cylindrical drum 51. When the permanent magnet 52 reaches a position where the permanent magnet 52 is not fixedly arranged, the magnetic material is dropped to the magnetic material collecting section 57. Further, the non-magnetic material 55 is released from the magnetic material 54 when the magnetic material 54 repeats inversion and inversion, and falls to the non-magnetic material collection unit 58 when rotated by a certain angle. Reference numeral 59 denotes a separation plate that separates the magnetic material recovery unit 57 and the non-magnetic material recovery unit 58.

[0003]

However, in the dry magnetic sorter 50, the non-magnetic material 55 is released by using the above-mentioned reversal of the reversal, so that it is necessary to provide the reversal reversal as much as possible. Inside the cylindrical drum 51, from the top to the front half (1
(Approximately 80 °), the permanent magnet 52 must be disposed. Therefore, the cylindrical drum 51 is rotated at a high speed (at a peripheral speed of 200).
m / min), the cylindrical drum 51 cuts off the lines of magnetic force from the large number of permanent magnets 52, so that an excessive eddy current is generated on the drum surface and the cylindrical drum 51 generates heat and becomes high temperature. The permanent magnet 52 is to be deteriorated. Therefore, in practice, the rotation speed of the cylindrical drum 51 was suppressed and the magnetic material 54 and the non-magnetic material 55 were separated. The layer thickness of the raw material 56 on the surface of the drum 51 is increased,
However, since the quality and the recovery rate of the raw material 56 decrease, the amount of the raw material 56 to be charged must be suppressed, and the processing speed of the raw material 56 is limited. In the cylindrical drum type magnetic separator, an air current is generated along the surface of the cylindrical drum 51 by rotation, and the non-magnetic material 55 (mainly a light material having a small particle size) captured by the air current is a magnetic material 54. Of the magnetic material 54, the quality of the magnetic material 54 is degraded. Further, when a raw material having a high adhesiveness (for example, a raw material containing a large amount of water) is selected, the raw material is separated. Is cylindrical drum 5
Since the magnetic substance 54 adheres to one surface and passes through a place away from the magnetic pole position, the magnetic substance 54 is sorted to the non-magnetic substance side, and as a result, the recovery rate of the magnetic substance 54 is reduced. Was. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a dry-type magnetic separator capable of preventing heat generation of a cylindrical drum and improving the processing speed of a raw material, the quality of a sorted magnetic substance, and the recovery rate. And

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a dry magnetic separator according to the present invention, wherein a plurality of magnets are arranged inside a cylindrical drum which is rotated by a rotary drive source so that adjacent magnets have different polarities. In a dry-type magnetic separator in which the magnets are fixedly arranged in an arc shape and the raw material falling on the cylindrical drum is separated into a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic substance, the magnet is disposed only on the front upper portion in the cylindrical drum. Further, the cylindrical drum rotates at a high peripheral speed of 200 to 600 m / min. In this dry-type magnetic separator, the magnets are arranged only in the upper front part of the cylindrical drum, and the range for mounting the magnets is smaller than before, so that the generation of eddy current is suppressed,
Heat generation of the cylindrical drum rotating at high speed can be suppressed. In addition, since the cylindrical drum is rotated at a high speed by using a rotary drive source that rotates the cylindrical drum at a high speed, the layer thickness of the raw material on the surface of the cylindrical drum can be reduced as compared with the related art. The airflow along the surface of the cylindrical drum generated by the rotation of the cylindrical drum is also affected by the centrifugal force, and the nonmagnetic material is easily released by the airflow and the force of the centrifugal force itself. Further, the raw material having a strong adhesive property is less likely to adhere to the surface of the cylindrical drum, and the escape of the magnetic substance to the non-magnetic substance side is prevented.

[0005] Here, the magnet is located at an upper position inside the cylindrical drum as a starting point, and 70 to the front from the upper position.
It is good to fix and arrange in the range of 90 degrees. This is because if the temperature is less than 70 degrees, the quality and the recovery rate of the magnetic material to be sorted out are reduced.
This is because there is a problem that the cylindrical drum and the magnet deteriorate. Further, the rotation driving source is 200 to 600 m / m.
It is preferable to use one that rotates the cylindrical drum at a peripheral speed of in. At a peripheral speed of less than 200 m / min, there is a problem that the function of centrifugal force is reduced.
If it exceeds m / min, there is a problem that heat generation increases. The magnet may be one that generates a high magnetic field (2,500 to 6000 Gauss, more preferably about 3000 to 5000 Gauss) on the surface of the cylindrical drum. This ensures that the magnetic material is adsorbed on the surface of the cylindrical drum.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. Here, FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a dry magnetic separator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of main components of the dry magnetic separator.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a dry magnetic separator 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention
A cylindrical drum 14 rotatably mounted in the inside, and allows a raw material composed of a magnetic substance 12 and a non-magnetic substance 13 introduced from above to flow down along a front surface, and a magnet adjacent to the inside of the cylindrical drum 14 in a circumferential direction. 15 is fixedly arranged so as to have different polarities, and a magnetic field generating mechanism 16 for generating a magnetic field on the surface of the cylindrical drum 14, and a magnetic material 12 and a non-magnetic material 13 arranged below the cylindrical drum 14 and subjected to magnetic force separation Each has a magnetic material recovery unit 17 and a non-magnetic material recovery unit 18 for recovery. Above the cylindrical drum 14, a hopper 19 for charging the raw material to the upper part of the cylindrical drum 14 is provided.
Above that, a feeder 20 for feeding the raw material to the hopper 19 is provided.

For example, a cylindrical drum 1 made of stainless steel
4 are side plates 23, 2 provided with bearings 21, 22 on both sides thereof.
4 so that both ends can be rotated via a fixed shaft 27 fixed by fixtures 25 and 26. A pulley 28 is fixed to the center of the outer surface of the side plate 24, and a pulley 30 attached to the output shaft of a drum rotation motor 29, which is an example of a rotation drive source, is connected to the pulley 28.
And a power transmission belt 31 is wound there between. Thus, the cylindrical drum 14 is driven at a high peripheral speed (200 to 600 m / mi) by driving the drum rotation motor 29.
n). The magnetic field generating mechanism 16 includes a plurality of magnets 15 arranged only on the front upper portion inside the cylindrical drum 14 so as to face the outer peripheral surface on the front side of the cylindrical drum 14 so that magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction are different in magnetism. It is constituted by being fixedly arranged in an arc shape. That is, the plurality of magnets 15 are of a suitable length on a magnet mounting plate 32 consisting of approximately a quarter arc in series in the axial direction, and starting from the upper position of the cylindrical drum 14 in the circumferential direction. 70 from the front
The magnet mounting plate 32 is fixed to the fixed shaft 27 via a pair of support plates 33. In the present embodiment, the magnetic flux density on the surface of the cylindrical drum 14 is a high magnetic field of 2500 gauss or more, more preferably 3000 gauss or more.
The cylindrical drum 14 is of such a degree as to prevent heat generation due to excessive eddy current. When a high-resistance material is used for the cylindrical drum, the eddy current is small, so that a magnet with a higher magnetic flux can be used.

In the above-mentioned dry magnetic separator 10,
The amount of cut-out is adjusted by the damper 34, and the magnetic material 12
Is driven by the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating mechanism 16.
And the non-magnetic substance 13 is placed on the surface of the cylindrical drum 14. Thereafter, when the magnetic substance 12 escapes from the magnetic force from the magnetic field generating mechanism 16 while being inverted, the magnetic substance 12 is separated from the surface of the cylindrical drum 14 and the magnetic substance collection unit 17
Will be collected. Further, the non-magnetic material 13 is immediately separated from the surface of the cylindrical drum 14 due to the release from the magnetic material 12 when the magnetic material 12 is turned upside down and the strong centrifugal force. Will be collected within. Reference numeral 35 denotes a separation plate that separates the magnetic material recovery unit 17 and the non-magnetic material recovery unit 18.

[0010]

EXAMPLE An experiment was conducted to examine the sorting effect of the dry magnetic separator 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The diameter of the cylindrical drum 14 used at this time was 650 m
m, the rotation speed was 400 m / min, and the magnetic flux density on the surface of the cylindrical drum was 3000 gauss.

FIG. 3 shows the quality of the magnetic material to be selected when an experiment is performed using a raw material containing 25% of a magnetic substance and a raw material containing 5% of a magnetic substance. As shown in FIG. 3, the quality of the magnetic material is almost 1 if the magnet mounting angle θ is 70 ° or more.
It turns out that it becomes 00%. Also, FIG.
It shows the recovery of the sorted magnetic material when an experiment was performed using a raw material containing 5%. As shown in FIG. 4, the recovery rate of the magnetic substance is almost 1 when the magnet attachment angle θ is 30 ° or more.
It turns out that it becomes 00%. From this, almost 100% of magnetic and non-magnetic materials can be selected if the magnet mounting angle θ is 70 ° or more without mounting magnets in a wide range of 180 ° as in the conventional case. Recognize. Further, when the magnet mounting angle θ exceeds 90 °, the amount of heat generated becomes extremely large, and it has been found that it is not necessary to mount the magnet at the magnet mounting angle θ exceeding this, in addition to the experimental results. Although the number of magnets is also described in the present embodiment, the magnets may be further divided or divided in the circumferential direction, and the intervals between adjacent magnets in the circumferential direction may be different. However, the number of magnets does not limit the present invention.

[0012]

The dry magnetic separator according to the first to third aspects has the following effects. (1) Since the mounting range of the magnet is reduced as compared with the conventional dry magnetic separator, the generated eddy current is reduced, and thus the heat generation of the cylindrical drum can be suppressed. (2) Since the cylindrical drum is driven to rotate at a high speed, the layer thickness of the raw material on the surface of the cylindrical drum can be reduced with respect to the raw material to be charged, and the processing speed of the raw material, the quality of the magnetic material to be sorted, and the recovery rate can be improved. improves. (3) The air flow generated by the rotation of the cylindrical drum is also affected by the centrifugal force, and the non-magnetic material is easily released by the air flow and the force of the centrifugal force itself, so that the quality of the sorted magnetic material is improved. (4) Since a raw material having a high adhesiveness hardly adheres to the surface of the cylindrical drum, the magnetic substance is securely adsorbed on the surface of the cylindrical drum,
The recovery rate of the sorted magnetic material is improved. In particular, claim 2
In the dry magnetic separator described above, it is possible to efficiently sort magnetic substances while suppressing heat generation of the cylindrical drum. In the dry-type magnetic separator according to the third aspect, the magnet uses a magnet that generates a high magnetic field on the surface of the cylindrical drum, and the magnetic substance easily adheres to the surface of the cylindrical drum. And the quality and recovery of the magnetic material to be selected can be further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a dry-type magnetic separator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of main components of the dry magnetic separator.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the number of magnets and the quality of the magnetic material to be sorted with respect to the magnet mounting angle when the dry magnetic separator is used.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a recovery rate of a sorted magnetic substance with respect to the number of magnets and the magnet mounting angle when the dry magnetic separator is used.

FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a dry magnetic separator according to a conventional example.

[Description of Signs] 10: Dry magnetic separator, 11: Casing, 12: Magnetic material, 13: Non-magnetic material, 14: Cylindrical drum, 15: Magnet,
16: magnetic field generation mechanism, 17: magnetic material recovery unit, 18: non-magnetic material recovery unit, 19: hopper, 20: feeder, 2
1: bearing, 22: bearing, 23: side plate, 24: side plate, 2
5: Fixing tool, 26: Fixing tool, 27: Fixed shaft, 28: Pulley, 29: Drum rotation motor, 30: Pulley, 31:
Power transmission belt, 32: magnet mounting plate, 33: support plate, 3
4: damper, 35: separation plate

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiyuki Ota 3-6-42, Magurashi, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka Japan Magnetic Separation Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-9-85124 (JP, A) 7-39941 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B03C 1/00-1/32

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A plurality of magnets arranged so that adjacent magnets have different polarities are fixedly arranged in an arc shape inside a cylindrical drum that is rotationally driven by a rotational drive source, and fall on the cylindrical drum. In a dry-type magnetic separator for separating a raw material into a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic substance, the magnet is disposed only on the upper front side in the cylindrical drum, and the peripheral speed of the cylindrical drum is 200 to 600.
A dry magnetic separator that rotates at high speed at m / min. 2. The dry magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is fixedly disposed inside the cylindrical drum within a range of 70 to 90 degrees from the upper position to the front side from the upper position starting from the upper position. Magnetic separator. 3. The dry-type magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the magnet generates a high magnetic field on the surface of the cylindrical drum.