JPS59109257A - Screening device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To screen efficiently a ferrmagnetic material and a nonmagnetic material in the state of granule or powder with high purity by disposing apart from each other the magnetic poles of many small magnets in the circumferential and axial directions of a cylindrical case. CONSTITUTION:Magnetic poles are arranged so as to be arrayed zigzag like N, S, N as shown by the bent lines in a circumferential direction and are also arranged in such a way that the N poles or S poles line up alternately in parallel with the axial center. The group of shots forms first a bridge 7 between the magnetic poles N1 and S1 along the magnetic flux of both poles in such arrangement and when the shots group moves in an arrow K direction together with a case 3 to be next position, the direction of the magnetic flux changes and therefore the bridge 7 is broken and a fresh bridge 8 is formed between the magnetic poles N1 and S2. The shot collapsed in such a way is dispersed and when the shot moves as it is again magnetically attracted, the particles of the nonmagnetic material captured in the bridge are released and such action is repeated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating granular or powdery non-magnetic material mixed into granular magnetic material such as shot for shot blasting or shot for shot peening.

When shot is used for shot blasting or shot peening, small particles or powder of a non-magnetic material to be processed are mixed in, so magnetic separation is performed by utilizing the fact that shot is a ferromagnetic material.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view for explaining the structure of a conventional sorting device. Multiple semicircular magnet plates 2
A cylindrical member 2 having a diameter a is fixed to the fixed shaft 1.

A cylindrical case 3 made of a non-magnetic material (such as stainless steel) is rotatably supported on the outside thereof, and is rotationally driven in the direction of arrow A by a driving means (not shown).

The above-mentioned cylindrical member 2 is approximately half of the back side of the filter paper in this figure,
The spots shown in the figure are made of non-magnetic material,
The front half of the figure is constructed by alternately stacking semicircular plates 2a of ferromagnetic material and semicircular plates 2b of nonmagnetic material (shown with spots). The semicircular ferromagnetic plate 2a has its circumferential surface serving as a magnetic pole, and is magnetized so that the stacked plates alternately serve as N and S poles. Therefore, on the surface of this part, for example, arrow B
, C, a horizontal magnetic field is generated, and this magnetic field extends to the surface of the non-magnetic cylindrical case 3.

3tY When the shots to be sorted are dropped on top of Case 3 above as shown by the arrow, the ferromagnetic shots are attracted in a row in the direction of the magnetic field, and there are countless numbers of shots in the horizontal direction corresponding to the internal N and S poles. resulting in bridge 4.

When the case 3 rotates in the direction of the arrow, the non-magnetic impurity particles are not attracted by the magnetic force and fall as shown by the arrow E, while the ferromagnetic shot remains attracted and rotates with the case 3 to the bottom. It moves and falls at the end of the magnetic pole on the semicircle as shown by arrow F, and sorting is performed.

However, the above-mentioned conventional sorting device has a technical problem in that it is difficult to perform complete sorting due to the phenomenon in which ferromagnetic material envelops non-magnetic material.

For example, when 40 zinc grains of 1φ to 0.05φ are mixed in a shot of 1φ, the amount of residual zinc after magnetic separation is about 15.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can efficiently separate granular or powdery ferromagnetic material from granular or powdery nonmagnetic material with high purity.

In order to achieve the above object, the sorting device of the present invention rotatably supports a cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material with respect to a horizontally supported fixed shaft, and is equipped with a rotation drive means, and
In a sorting device in which a plurality of magnets arranged so that adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities are fixed to a fixed shaft and these magnetic poles are opposed to the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical case, the magnetic poles of a large number of small magnets are They are characterized in that they are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other both in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical case and in the axial direction.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view for explaining the basic configuration of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 1 of the conventional device. The fixed shaft 1 and the cylindrical case 3 made of non-magnetic material are the same components as in the conventional device. The present invention consists of a large number of small magnets 2c' (i-), the magnetic poles of which are alternately N and S.
, N, and S, and are fixed to the fixed shaft 1 while facing the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical case 3. Reference numeral 2 denotes a cylindrical member made of a non-magnetic material and configured as a support member for the large number of small magnets 2C. The above-mentioned large number is theoretically sufficient if the number of magnetic poles facing the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical case 3 is 3 or more. It is desirable that the number is at least 1.

FIG. 3 shows one embodiment of the sorting device of the present invention, in which the upper half is cut away and the lower half is drawn with the cylindrical case 3 removed.

In this example, the diameter is 146φ because it supports 2cTh of small magnets.
The main body of the cylindrical member is made of 2de aluminum and has a diameter of 6φ.
, 330 small bar magnets each having a length of 12+m+ are buried in the radial direction of the cylindrical member main body 2d with one magnetic pole aligned with the circumferential surface, and the magnetic poles on the circumferential surface are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. N,S
, N, and S.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned magnetic poles are arranged in a staggered manner N, S, N, etc. in the circumferential direction as shown by the broken line G, and the N or S poles are arranged closely as shown in the straight lines H and I. They are arranged in parallel and alternately. In practicing the invention, the magnetic poles may be arranged linearly, staggered, or any other arrangement may be used.

There are two types of magnet polarity, S and N, so if these are mixed and distributed uniformly on the circumferential surface, for any one magnetic pole on page 6-1, there are two types of polarity: S and N. Although it is impossible to make all the magnetic poles of the opposite polarity, the opposite polarity poles are arranged as alternately as possible in the direction of rotation of the cylindrical case 3, that is, in the circumferential direction. Same-sex poles may be arranged in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylindrical case 3.

In FIG. 3, 10 and 11 are flanges that firmly support the cylindrical case 3, 12 is a bearing that supports the above-mentioned flange, 13 is a timing pulley for driving that is fixed to the above-mentioned flange 11, and 14 is the cylindrical member main body 2d
and the fixed shaft], and 15 is an oil seal.

FIG. 4 shows a cross section taken along line xx' in FIG. 3. A large number of small magnets (330 in total) are placed along the circumferential surface in the left half of this figure.
, are buried with the S poles facing in opposite directions alternately, and are not buried in the right half.

FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically depicting the state of the magnetic field on a part of the surface of the cylindrical case 3 in the conventional sorting device shown in FIG. It is distributed. Therefore, considering the small part J on the case 7-G, even if this part moves as shown by the arrow with the rotation of the case 3, the magnetic flux will be 5.
The direction and production density are constant. Therefore, this magnetic flux 5
The shot bridge 6 formed along the arrow moves together with the case 3 in the direction of the arrow without changing its shape, and the nonmagnetic material trapped inside is not released.

FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically depicting the state of the magnetic field in a part of the case 3 in one embodiment of the present invention, in which the magnetic flux 5 indicated by arrows forms a lattice shape directed from the north pole to the south pole. Therefore, considering the small portion J on the case, when this small portion moves in the direction of the arrow as the case 3 rotates, the direction and density of the magnetic flux change along the way.

For convenience of explanation, any magnetic pole is set as NL+N2 as shown in the figure.
, si + s2. Small part J on case 3
Figure 7 (A) shows the state when the magnetic pole ' approaches the middle between the magnetic poles S1 and N1, and the state when it approaches the middle between the magnetic pole N and the magnetic pole S2 is shown in Figure 7 (B). ), and the magnetic pole S2
Figure 7 (C
). In FIG. 7(4), the group of shots forms a bridge 7 between the magnetic poles Nl + 81 along the magnetic flux between the two poles. When the shot group forming this bridge 7 moves in the direction of the arrow along with the case and reaches the position shown in Fig. 7(B), the direction of the magnetic flux changes, so the bridge 7 mentioned above collapses and a new bridge 8 is formed. be done. FIG. 8 schematically shows a state in which the bridge 7 is partially collapsed and a bridge 8 is being formed.

The shots whose bridge 7 has collapsed and are scattered are attracted in a direction approaching the magnetic pole S2 as shown by an arrow P and are reassembled into the bridge 8.

As described above, when the bridge 7 collapses and the dispersed shot is attracted by the magnetic force and moves as shown by the arrow P, the non-magnetic particles trapped in the bridge 7 are released,
Be left behind and separated in the direction of movement.

When the bridge 8 formed as shown in FIG. 7(B) shifts to the state shown in FIG. 7(C), it collapses again and a new bridge 9 is formed.
is formed, and non-magnetic contaminants are separated during this process as well. In this way, while the shot to be selected for nine pages makes a half-circle from the top to the bottom of the non-magnetic cylindrical case 3 together with the case 3, the shot is bridged several times to several times (in this example, 16 (times), and each time the non-magnetic material is ejected and left behind, almost complete separation is achieved.

FIG. 9G) is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a bridge 8 is formed between the magnetic pole N1 and the same magnetic pole s2, and FIG. 9(B) is a state in which the bridge 8 is partially collapsed and a bridge 9 is being formed. FIG. 9(C) is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the bridge 9 is formed.

When a 1φ shot containing a total of 40 particles of 1φ to 0.05φ was selected using the sorting device of the above example,
The zinc particle content in the sorted shot had been reduced to 1 tchi. Comparing this to approximately 15 divisions of the conventional device, it can be evaluated that almost complete separation has been achieved in practical terms.

As explained above, the device of the present invention can efficiently separate granular or powdery ferromagnetic objects and granular or powdery non-magnetic objects with high purity. It has a positive effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view for explaining the principle of a conventional sorting device, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the basic configuration of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the sorting device of the present invention. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line xx' of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the conventional device, and FIGS. 6 to 9 are the operation of the above embodiment. It is an explanatory diagram. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Fixed shaft, 2... Cylindrical member, 2c... Small magnet, 2d... Cylindrical member main body, 3... Cylindrical case made of non-magnetic material, 4... Bridge, 5...Magnetic flux, 6,
7,8゜9...Bridge, 10, 11...Flange, 12...Bearing, 13...Timing pulley, 14...Key, 15...Oil seal Patent applicant front 1) Management - Agent Patent Attorney Tadashi Akimoto Mikan 3 times - 302 - Figure 4C Figure 5 3 Figure 6 Figure 7 (A
(i Hano' -L~J (Cn Figure 8)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material is rotatably supported on a fixed shaft supported horizontally, and is equipped with rotational drive means.
In addition, in a sorting device in which a plurality of magnets arranged so that adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities are fixed to a fixed shaft, and these magnetic poles are opposed to the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical case, a large number of small magnets can be separated. A sorting device characterized in that magnetic poles are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other both in the circumferential direction of a cylindrical case and in the axial direction.