JP2002192013A - Magnetic sorter for wire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the efficiency of magnetic sorting of wires even when the wires overlap and are attracted in the state where a density as a magnetic material is low. SOLUTION: The sorter which magnetically sorts the wires generated after crushing waste tires has a sorting magnet 3 disposed in a rotary drum 2, and a discharge port 15 for sorted objects from which a plurality of different sorted objects M are recovered distinguishably, respectively. The sorting magnet is provided with magnetic pieces 30 arranged so that the magnetizing direction is in the almost same direction as the normal direction of the rotary drum 2. A plurality of magnetic pieces are arranged in line so as to keep a prescribed gap in a direction parallel to a central line in the rotary drum and alternate its polarity. The magnetic pieces arranged in line are arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the rotary drum 2, and the distance from the gap to the gap is set about two times of the length of a wire W.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a magnetic sorting apparatus for sorting and recovering a wire from a mixture of a wire and a tire rubber piece generated by grinding a waste tire with a waste tire crushing apparatus by a magnetic force. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-68908, a gutter-shaped plate-shaped magnet is mounted on a convex portion of a fan-shaped column at the lowermost position where the polarity of the surface attracts the test object. From above, the N poles, S poles, N poles, S poles, and S poles are sequentially bonded in such a manner as to cover the five columnar projections so as to form an array of the poles. A magnetic separator, which is mounted inside a cylinder made of stainless steel and rotatably provided with the cylinder, is slightly floated on a device for laying out the test objects in a flat and continuous manner, and the cylinder is rotated. A technique has been disclosed in which a test object having a magnetism of a certain value or more is attracted to a cylindrical surface to be sorted.

[0003]

When the magnetic material is selected in the above-mentioned conventional example, the magnetic material is attracted to the N and S poles having strong magnetic force. In the case of this conventional example, the test object is drawn toward the N-pole magnet located at the bottom of the cylinder. On the other hand, the shape of the wire included in the waste tire is generally about 1 mm or less, which is used for the side wall portion in a tire for a passenger car, and about φ 1 mm or less for the tread portion of the tire.
Since the wire that is crushed by the waste tire crusher and mixed with the tire rubber piece is in a slender bent state, when this slender bent wire is attracted to the magnet, Then, the wires are concentrated and drawn to one row of the end of the N pole of the cylinder so that the wires overlap each other with a gap therebetween without adhering.
In this way, when the wires having a lower weight ratio than the volume are concentrated in a line at the end of the N pole of the cylinder, which is a small part of the surface of the cylinder, the wires overlap with a gap. Because it is attracted, only a small amount of wire can be absorbed as weight,
There is a disadvantage that the efficiency of magnetic sorting of the wire is reduced. An object of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of magnetic sorting of wires even when wires are overlapped and pulled in a state where the density as a magnetic material is low.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for magnetically selecting a wire from a crushed product generated after being crushed by a waste tire separating and crushing apparatus, wherein the rotary drum is rotatable by a rotary driving means; It is provided with a sorting magnet arranged in the rotary drum and a sorting material discharge port from which a plurality of different sorting materials are separately collected.
In the selection magnet, a magnet piece having a magnetization direction substantially the same direction as the normal direction of the rotary drum is arranged, and its polarity is alternately arranged with a predetermined gap in a direction parallel to a center line in the rotary drum. A plurality of magnet pieces arranged in a row are alternately arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the rotary drum. The distance from the gap to the gap is set to a required distance according to the length of the wire, but is more preferably a distance apart from the wire adsorbed in the adjacent gap so as not to overlap with each other.

[0005]

[Function] When the wire approaches the predetermined position of the rotating drum,
Along the gap between the magnet pieces located at a predetermined distance, the magnet piece is attracted to the outer peripheral portion of the rotating drum by magnetic force. At this time, since a plurality of magnet pieces are arranged in a row with a gap therebetween so that their polarities alternate in a direction parallel to the center line of the rotary drum, the wire is attracted to the outer peripheral portion through this gap. In addition, by moving in the circumferential direction while being sucked along the gap, and by increasing the suction area by arranging a plurality of suction points in the circumferential direction, a large number of wires having a low density to be sucked by overlapping are generated. Be sorted efficiently. The direction in which the magnetic force acts at the time of the initial suction as in the above conventional example is not a direction parallel to the axis of the rotating cylinder, but a plurality of suction locations are arranged in the circumferential direction to increase the suction area, thereby overlapping. A large number of wires having a low density to be adsorbed are efficiently selected.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A magnetic sorting apparatus 1 for a wire shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 includes a rotating drum 2 and a sorting magnet 3 constituting its main body, and is subjected to a crushing process by a separating and crushing apparatus for waste tires. The wire can be magnetically sorted from the sorted product which is a mixture of the tire rubber piece and the wire W.
The rotary drum 2 has a plurality (four in FIG. 1) of partitions 4 made of a non-magnetic material arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. Each partition 4 is provided long in the axial direction of the rotary drum 2 (the left-right direction in FIG. 2), and the magnetically separated material adsorbed to the rotary drum 2 is opposed to the rotary drum 2 from the rotation direction of the rotary drum across each partition. It prevents movement in the direction. Each partition 4 has curved side surfaces 4a, 4b in the rotation direction of the rotary drum 2 (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1), and the side surfaces 4a, 4b.
Are formed in arcuate curved surfaces approaching the sides facing each other. For this reason, one side surface 4a of each partition 4 has a role of dropping the wire W, which is a magnetically separated material, and the other side surface 4b, smoothly dropping a chip-shaped tire rubber piece G1, which is a nonmagnetically separated material, downward. The rotating drum 2 is disposed in a main body case 6 attached to a support frame 5, and the rotating drum 2 is rotatably supported by side plates of the main body case 6 around bearings 2a provided on both sides. I have. A sprocket 7 is provided on a bearing 2a on one side (left side in FIG. 2) of the rotary drum 2, and a drive motor 9 as a rotating means is fixed to a support 8 provided on the outer side on both sides of the main body case 6. It is. A sprocket 10 is attached to the drive shaft of the drive motor 9, and a chain 11 is passed between the sprockets 7 and 10. For this purpose, the torque of the drive motor 9 is transmitted to the rotating drum 2 via the sprockets 7 and 10. The charging conveyor 12 shown in FIG. 1 is disposed above the main body case 6, and the sorted material M including the wire W and the chip-shaped tire rubber pieces G1 crushed by the waste tire separation and crushing device is put into the main body case 6. Supply. The sorting magnet 3 is arranged in the rotating drum 2. The sorting magnet 3 is fixed to a center shaft 13 that passes through the axis of the rotating drum 2. Central axis 1
3 is inserted through the axis of the bearing 2a of the rotary drum 2,
The structure of the bearing 2a is such that the inside (bearing) supporting the central shaft 13 is fixed and the outside is rotatable. Therefore, the rotational force of the rotary drum 2 is not transmitted to the central axis. Both ends of the central shaft 13 protrude outward from the side plate of the main body case 6, and each shaft end is supported by a bearing 14. The position of the selection magnet 3 can be adjusted to a required position by rotating one end of the central shaft 13. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the selection magnet 3 is formed to have a substantially semicircular cross section, and the magnet piece 30 is arranged in the circular arc portion 3a. A magnetic gap is provided between the outer surface of the magnet piece in the selection magnet 3 and the inner peripheral surface in the rotating drum 2. For this reason, a magnetic flux from the sorting magnet 3 appears on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 2, and the wire W, which is a magnetic material mixed in the sorted material M, is attracted to the outer peripheral surface. On the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 2, the sorting magnet 3
The range in which the magnetic material can be surely attracted by the magnetic force is the range facing the magnet piece 30. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, as the magnet pieces 30 in the selection magnet 3, an N pole and an S pole are used.
A double-sided and double-pole magnet is used so that the polarities of the poles are different between the outside and the inside. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the outside is the N pole and the inside is the S pole. The selection magnet 3 is a magnet piece 30 whose magnetization direction is substantially the same as the normal direction of the rotating drum 2.
The magnet pieces are arranged in a row so that their magnetism alternates with a predetermined gap 31 in a direction parallel to the center line in the rotating drum, and the magnet pieces arranged in the row are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating drum. Are arranged along the line. In FIG. 5, the magnet pieces 30 are arranged so that the north pole and the south pole are alternately arranged from left to right, and are arranged in a horizontal row with a gap 31 therebetween. Part 3
a (FIG. 1). In each of the magnet pieces 30 arranged in a row as shown in FIG.
A magnetic field is generated in the gaps 31 between the magnet pieces 30 adjacent to each other on the left and right sides, and the outer peripheral portion of the rotary drum 2 corresponding to each gap forms a suction surface of the wire W. A similar suction surface is formed on the outer periphery of the rotating drum 2. In other words, the sorting magnet 3 has a magnetic surface on which different polarities are alternately arranged in the direction along the center line of the rotary drum 2 as shown in FIG. 5, and the same polarity in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. Is present. The polarity of the selection magnet 3 will be described with reference to an example shown in FIG. 5. The magnet piece 30 disposed at the leftmost end of the selection magnet 3 has the N pole outside and the same polarity (N pole) in the circumferential direction. is there. The magnet pieces on the right side of the magnet piece 30 arranged at the leftmost end of the selection magnet 3 have S poles on the outside, and all have the same polarity (S pole) in the circumferential direction. As described above, in the selection magnet 3, the circumferential direction (the direction along the inner peripheral surface of the rotating drum 2) has the same polarity, and the direction crossing the circumferential direction (the direction along the center line of the rotating drum 2). Are alternately changed in polarity. Therefore, the number of the attracting surfaces formed in the circumferential direction of the rotating drum 2 is equal to the number of the magnet pieces 30 forming a row along the center line of the rotating drum. Further, as shown in FIG.
The distance L from the center of the wire W to the adjacent gap 31 is appropriate, but is desirably determined based on the length of the wire W from the viewpoint of improving the sorting efficiency. More desirable gap 31
The distance L from the wire to the gap is preferably large enough to not overlap the wire W adsorbed in the adjacent gap. As shown in FIG. 1, a sorted material discharge port 15 is provided below the rotary drum 2 so that a plurality of different sorted materials can be discharged separately. The sorted material outlet 15 is a non-magnetic material outlet 15 arranged from the right side to the left side in FIG.
a, an intermediate magnetic material outlet 15b and a magnetic material outlet 15c. The non-magnetic material discharge port 15a discharges the tire rubber piece G1 as a non-magnetic substance, the intermediate magnetic substance discharge port 15b discharges the wire W with the tire rubber piece G1 as the intermediate magnetic substance, and the magnetic substance discharge port 15c is a magnetic substance discharge port. Is discharged. A screw conveyor 16 for conveyance is provided in the intermediate magnetic material discharge port 15b. 1 and 2, the first guide plate 17 is located at the boundary between the non-magnetic substance discharge port 15a and the intermediate magnetic substance discharge port 15b, and the second guide plate 18 is disposed at the intermediate magnetic substance discharge port 15b and the magnetic substance discharge port 15c. And are arranged at the boundary positions with. First and second guide plates 17,1
8 is supported on shafts 19,20. The shafts 19 and 20 are rotatably supported on the side of the main body case 6 and can be rotated by an operation knob 21. The rotating shaft 22 is arranged near the upper end of the second guide plate 18. The rotating shaft 22 is rotatably held by a bearing 23, and a sprocket 24 is attached to one end of the rotating shaft. The chain 11 is stretched around the sprocket 24 between the sprockets 7 and 10. The torque of the drive motor 9 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 22 through the chain 11.

A procedure for magnetically sorting the wire W from the sorted material M will be described. The sorting material M, which is a mixture of the wire W and the tire rubber pieces supplied from the charging conveyor 12, falls onto the rotating drum 2. Wire W and tire rubber piece G
1 is an intermediate magnetic substance G2 with a wire W attached thereto.
Is attracted to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 2 with the gaps 31 provided in a plurality of rows on the circumferential surface of the rotary drum 2 shown in FIG. When the rotary drum 2 rotates in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1, the tire rubber piece G1, which is a non-magnetic substance and is not attracted by magnetic force, is discharged to the non-magnetic substance discharge port 15a. The intermediate magnetic substance G2 in a state where the wire W is attached to the tire rubber piece is partially rotated by the rotating drum 2 by magnetic force.
To the intermediate magnetic substance discharge port 15b, and is discharged to the intermediate magnetic substance discharge port 15b, and is again separated and crushed by a waste tire (not shown).
And separated into tire rubber pieces and wires W, and then dropped by the charging conveyor 12 onto the rotating drum 2. The wire W, which is a magnetic material, rotates the rotary drum 2 up to a position above the magnetic material discharge port 15c set in a range where the magnetic force does not reach.
And falls into the magnetic substance outlet 15c when the magnetic force no longer reaches. In the sorting magnet 3 according to the present embodiment, the gaps 31 arranged in a horizontal line function as an attraction surface for the wire W through the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 2 as shown in FIG. Moreover, the gap 31 is the rotating drum 2
Are arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the rotary drum, so that the suction surface extends in the circumferential direction of the rotary drum. Since the polarity of the magnet pieces 30 does not change (alternately) on the attraction surface in the circumferential direction, the wire W is surely carried to a range where the magnetic force does not reach while being attracted, and overlaps due to the slender bend. Wires W that are attracted to the magnet in a low density state can be efficiently sorted. In the case of a thin and bent wire such as the wire W, there is a possibility that the suction may be released due to the switching of the polarity (the suction force may be reduced), but such a problem is eliminated. As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the number of suction portions of the wire W in the circumferential direction and the suction area are increased, and in addition, the polarity of the suction portion is switched with respect to the circumferential direction (alternating). And the suction part is extended in the circumferential direction. As a result, even if the wires W are adsorbed by the gaps 31 adjacent to each other, they are less likely to overlap each other, so that the attraction force is not reduced, and a large amount of the wires W are efficiently selected.

[0008]

EXAMPLE As the magnet piece 30 of the selection magnet 3, a rectangle having a side of about 45 mm × 90 mm and a thickness of about 10 mm was used. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the magnet pieces 30 are separated from each other in a direction parallel to the center line of the rotating drum 2 with a gap 31 of about 30 mm therebetween so that the polarities of the magnetic portions of the selection magnet become N pole and S pole in order. And eight magnet pieces 30 were arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the rotary drum. Further, FIG.
As shown in (1), the distance L from the center of the gap 31 of the magnet piece 30 to the adjacent gap 31 was 120 mm. A method for sorting the wires W will be described. In this embodiment, the sorted material M
The length of the wire W that is mixed in is about 30-100 mm
And a wire W having a length of about 50 mm
Occupies about 70% of the total volume.
The distance was set such that one end of the m-length wire W was adsorbed to the adjacent gap 31 and the other end extended to the adjacent gap 31 side so as not to overlap. As a result, even if the wires W are adsorbed in the gaps 31 adjacent to each other, the overlap is reduced, so that the adsorbing force is not reduced, and a large amount of the wires W can be efficiently sorted. In this embodiment, since the wire W is elongated and bent, the wire W overlaps with the magnet and is attracted in a low density state. Therefore, the transmission of the magnetic force to the wire W is deteriorated. This has solved the conventional problem that it was difficult to adsorb again.

In FIG. 1, the rotating drum 2 is arranged below the charging conveyor 12, but may be arranged above the charging conveyor 12 as shown in FIG. The rotating direction of the rotary drum 2 is counterclockwise, and the magnetic material of the selecting magnet 3 causes the magnetic material such as a wire among the selected materials M on the feeding conveyor 12 to be attracted to the rotary drum 2 with the rotation.

[0010]

According to the present invention, a wire included in a waste tire, which is difficult to perform a large-scale and efficient magnetic separation simply by using a strong magnet, is formed by using a magnet, The arrangement of the pieces increases the attraction area, and performs the attraction and selection without changing the polarity of the magnet pieces constituting the attraction surface, so that a large amount and efficient selection can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a magnetic separation device for a wire according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view showing a magnetic sorting apparatus for a wire according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a magnetic separation device for a wire according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a main part of the magnetic sorting device for a wire according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a sorting magnet according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a relationship between a selection magnet and a rotary drum according to the present invention, showing a relationship between polarities in a circumferential direction.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing polarities of a magnetic portion of a sorting magnet according to the present invention in a direction crossing a circumferential direction.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the arrangement of the wire magnetic separation device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnetic sorting device of wire 2 Rotary drum 3 Sorting magnet 9 Drive motor (rotating means) 15 Sorted material discharge port 30 Magnet piece 31 Gap L distance W Wire

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A device for magnetically separating a wire from a sorted material discharged by crushing a waste tire, comprising: a rotating drum rotatable by a rotary driving means; and a sorting magnet disposed in the rotating drum. And a sorted material discharge port from which a plurality of different sorted materials separated from the rotating drum are separately collected. The sorting magnet has a magnetization direction substantially the same as a normal direction of the rotating drum. Certain magnet pieces are arranged in a row so that their magnetism alternates with a predetermined gap in a direction parallel to the center line in the rotary drum, and the magnet pieces arranged in the row are A magnetic sorting device for a wire, wherein a plurality of wires are arranged along the inner peripheral surface of a rotating drum. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the gap to the gap is set in accordance with the length of the wire. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the distance from the gap to the gap is about twice the length of the wire.