JPH07222938A - Crusher and crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out crushing and magnetic separation of articles containing metals such as automotive tires, etc., in one united apparatus. CONSTITUTION:A magnetically separating apparatus 22 is installed in the side face of a hollow box body 21, a pair of rotary-type crushing teeth which can rotate at high speed is put in the bottom part of the box body 21, and a cyclone dust collecting apparatus 2 and a blower 3 are with the upper open part of the box body 21 through pipelines 4, 5. The magnetically separating apparatus 22 is composed of drum type magnetic rollers 23 and non-magnetic rollers 24 and belts are laid over the magnetic and non-magnetic rollers. Thrown tires are crushed by the crushing teeth to be powdered, wound upward by rotation of the crushing teeth 7 in contrary directions, raised togetherwith air current sucked by a blower 3, and magnetic materials such as cut wires, etc., are attracted to the magnetic rollers 23 in the middle, and the rest is discharged to outside of the apparatus by the rotation of the belts. Powder carbon rubber is sucked by the blower 3 and precipitated and separated in the cyclone dust collecting apparatus 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher and a crusher capable of crushing automobile tires and the like and removing magnetic metal objects such as wires.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the treatment of garbage and industrial waste has become a problem from various viewpoints such as public health, living environment, resource recycling, incineration treatment efficiency, and extension of landfill life. However, the treatment of automobile tires and waste wood that can be reused for other purposes, such as finely crushed, has been attracting attention. For this reason, there have been developed technologies and systems such as crushing tires into powder using a crusher and reusing as carbon material, and crushing waste wood to a specified size and chipping. ing.

For example, an apparatus for crushing automobile tires into powder is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a crusher, 2 is a cyclone dust collector, 3 is a blower, and they are connected by pipes 4 and 5. The casing 6 of the crusher 1 is a hollow body, and a pair of high-speed rotating rotary crushing teeth 7, 7 are arranged on the closed bottom, and the tire inserted from the inlet 8 is extremely finely powdered. The crushing teeth 7 and 7 are wound up by the opposing rotation of the crushing teeth 7, 7. Then, the air in the casing 6 containing the rolled up powdery substance is drawn into the cyclone dust collector 2 through the pipe 4 by suction by the blower 3, and is settled and sorted as is well known.
The air taken out from the cyclone dust collector 2 as carbon rubber powder and separated from the powder is drawn to the blower 3 via the pipe 5 and discharged to the outside of the apparatus.

By the way, particularly in automobile tires, steel tires using wires for tire cords are mainly used. When such a tire is crushed by the above-mentioned device, naturally, the crushed object contains finely cut wires, which are accumulated in the bottom of the housing 6 or are introduced into the cyclone dust collector 2 together with the powder of carbon rubber. Since the specific gravity is higher than that of carbon rubber, it is naturally precipitated and sorted out, mixed with the powder of carbon rubber, and taken out from the cyclone dust collector 2.

Not only the material collected at the bottom of the housing 5 but also the material can be discharged at a predetermined time by providing an outlet or a valve for taking out at the bottom of the housing 6, but the amount is relatively large. Since the number of teeth is large, it has to be taken out quite frequently, and depending on the structure of the crusher 1, the rotation of the crushing teeth 7 must be stopped for processing, which deteriorates the efficiency of the device. Moreover, not only the cut wire but also the powder of carbon rubber is large in amount that collects at the bottom of the housing 6, so that it has to be taken out so as not to cause environmental deterioration due to scattering, which is troublesome.

Further, for the particles taken out from the cyclone dust collector 2 together with the powder of carbon rubber, it is necessary to separately sort them by using a magnetic separator using a magnet roll as shown in FIG. In the illustrated magnetic separator, a belt 11 made of a non-magnetic material is wound around a drum-shaped magnet roller 9 and a non-magnetic roller 10, and a non-magnetic material take-out port 12 is provided immediately below the magnet roller 9 with a magnetic material. The take-out port 13 is arranged closer to the non-magnetic roller 10 than that.
That is, among the materials which are carried on the belt 11 by rotating the magnet roller 9 by a motor (not shown), the carbon rubber powder falls to the take-out port 12 immediately after passing through the magnet roller 9 and is cut. The wire is magnet roller 9
Is attracted by the magnetic force until it passes the position of the belt 1
1 moves with 1, passes through the position of the magnet roller 9 and, when the influence of the magnetic force disappears, drops to the take-out port 13, whereby the two are sorted. However, of course, if crushing and magnetic separation are performed by separate devices in this way,
Therefore, the equipment needs to be installed and the installation area needs to be increased, and the cost for constructing the device is also increased.

The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and can perform magnetic separation in one device together with crushing of a crushed object such as a tire mixed with a metal material, and can solve the above conventional problems. And a crushing device.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the crusher according to the present invention is provided with a crushing means in the housing, and finely crushes the object to be treated, and from the upper side of the housing. In a crusher for sucking and discharging a crushable object, a magnetic substance such as a metal contained in the discharged crushable object is magnetically attracted to a side surface portion of the casing facing the suction and discharge path of the crushable object, and It is configured to include a magnetic separation means for discharging the material to the outside of the housing.

In the crusher according to the present invention, the magnetic separation means is
It is composed of a pair of drum-shaped pulleys and a belt material wound around the pulleys, and one of the pair of pulleys located on the upper side is made of a magnetic material, and an opening is formed in a side surface portion of the housing. It is possible to provide a structure in which at least a part of the pulley made of the magnetic material and a part of the belt material are exposed from the opening into the housing.

The crushing apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a rotary crushing means on the closed bottom side, and a casing for connecting finely crushing and a pipe for discharging the object to be processed to the upper part, and a casing connected to the casing. And a dust collector that receives the object to be treated discharged from the housing and separates and collects it from the air, and a blower that sucks air from the inside of the dust collector, and the housing is
The side surface portion facing the suction and discharge route of the crushed object is provided with magnetic separation means for magnetically adsorbing and discharging to the outside a magnetic substance such as a metal contained in the discharged crushed material, and the magnetic separation means,
It is composed of a pair of drum-shaped pulleys and a belt material wound around the pulleys, and one of the pair of pulleys located on the upper side is made of a magnetic material, and an opening is formed in a side surface portion of the housing. It is possible to provide a structure in which at least a part of the pulley made of the magnetic material and a part of the belt material are exposed from the opening into the housing.

The crushing machine and the crushing apparatus according to the present invention may have a structure in which at least one pair of the magnetic separation means is provided in the casing.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of a crusher according to the present invention. It should be noted that, in the following, the portions common to the conventional ones will be denoted by the common reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

The crusher 20 of the illustrated embodiment is provided with a hollow casing 21 having a closed bottom portion similar to the conventional crusher 1, and a pair of magnetic separators 22 and 22 are provided at opposite sides of the casing. A pair of crushing teeth 7, 7 are arranged on the bottom of the housing 21. Although not shown, the charging port may be arranged at a position where the magnetic separator 22 is not provided at the same position as the conventional one.

The magnetic separator 22 has basically the same structure as that shown in FIG. 3, and is constructed by winding a belt 25 made of a non-magnetic material between a drum-shaped magnet roller 23 and a non-magnetic roller 24. The discharge hood 26 also serves as a cover for preventing these components from being exposed to the outside, and the outside is covered with the discharge hood 26.

Of course, the discharge hood 26 is provided with pipes and the like for taking out discharged substances, but the illustration is omitted.
Further, the magnet roller 23 is connected to a rotation driving motor, but this is also omitted in the drawing. It is not necessary to provide a pair of magnetic separators 22 as shown in the figure, and it is possible to provide only one, or three or more magnetic separators, depending on the processing amount, the size of the housing 21, and other conditions. Should be decided.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, a tire is put into the casing 21 from an unillustrated charging port, the tire is crushed into fine powder between the crushing teeth 7, 7, and the crushing teeth 7, 7 are rolled up by opposing rotation. The rolled-up powdery substance rises on the air drawn from the inside of the casing 21 by the blower 3, and the magnetic substance such as the cut wire contained in the powdery substance is in the middle of rising or once on the upper part of the casing 21. The magnetic force of the magnet roller 23 attracts the magnetic particles in a process in which the magnet roller 23 descends due to its own weight after rising. By providing an appropriate rectifying body in the housing 21 so that the ascending flow is sufficiently along the side surface of the housing 21, most of the magnetic substances are captured by the magnetic roller 23 in the ascending process, which is more convenient. Good. In particular, when the object to be treated is a carbonized waste tire, the above-mentioned crushing and magnetic adsorption can be efficiently performed, and an excellent working environment can be maintained without scattering dust such as carbon.

Then, the attracted magnetic substance is magnetized by the magnet roller 2.
When the magnet roller 23 is out of the position of the magnet roller 23 as it rotates, it is separated from the belt 25, falls into the discharge hood 26, and is discharged to the outside of the apparatus. Discharge hood 26
It is also possible to provide a scraper inside to scrape off the magnetic substances adhering to the surface of the belt 25 to improve the recovery efficiency.

On the other hand, the powdery carbon rubber is drawn into the cyclone dust collector 2 together with air through the pipe 4 by suction of the blower 3 as in the conventional case, is settled and sorted, and is taken out from the cyclone dust collector 2 as carbon rubber powder. The air from which the powder has been separated is drawn by the blower 3 through the pipe 5 and discharged to the outside of the apparatus.

[0019]

Since the crushing machine and the crushing device according to the present invention are as described above, the crushing of the crushed object mixed with the metal material such as the tire can be performed together with the magnetic separation in one device, and the device configuration is simple. In addition, there is an effect that the installation or installation area can be made much smaller than that of the conventional apparatus, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of a crusher and a crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a conventional crusher and crushing device.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a magnetic separator that constitutes a conventional crushing device.

[Explanation of symbols] 2 Cyclone dust collector 3 Blower 4, 5 Piping 7, 7 Crushing tooth 20 Crusher 21 Housing 22 Magnetic separator 23 Magnet roller 24 Non-magnetic roller 25 Belt 26 Exhaust hood

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location B03C 1/18 1/30 Z // B09B 5/00 ZAB

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A crusher having a crushing means in a casing, for finely crushing an input object to be crushed, and sucking and discharging the crushed object from an upper side of the housing, the suction and discharge path of the crushed object. A crushing machine, characterized in that a magnetic separation means for magnetically adsorbing a magnetic substance such as a metal contained in the crushed object to be discharged to the outside of the case is provided on a side surface portion of the case facing the above. 2. The magnetic separation means is composed of a pair of drum-shaped pulleys and a belt material wound around the pulleys, and the upper one of the pair of pulleys is composed of a magnetic material. An opening is provided in a side surface portion of the housing, and at least a part of the pulley made of the magnetic material and a part of the belt material are exposed to the inside of the housing through the opening. Crushing machine. 3. The crusher according to claim 2, wherein at least one pair of the magnetic separation means is provided in the casing. 4. A casing provided with a rotary crushing means on the closed bottom side and having a pipe connected to the upper part for discharging the object to be crushed finely, and a casing connected to the pipe and discharged from the casing. A side surface of the casing facing the suction / discharge path of the crushed object, which includes a dust collector that receives the separated processed object and separates it from the air, and a blower that sucks air from the inside of the dust collector. The part is provided with a magnetic separation means for magnetically adsorbing magnetic material such as metal contained in the discharged crushed material to the outside, and the magnetic separation means is provided between a pair of drum type pulleys and between the pulleys. It consists of rotated belt material,
Of the pair of pulleys, the one located on the upper side is made of a magnetic material, an opening is provided in a side surface portion of the housing, and at least a part of the pulley made of the magnetic material and a part of the belt material are provided. A crushing device characterized by being exposed from the opening into the housing. 5. The crushing device according to claim 4, wherein at least one pair of the magnetic separation means is provided in the housing.