JP3973721B2 - Beltless rotating drum type non-ferrous metal sorting device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a rotation used to separate mixed waste (raw materials to be separated) in which magnetic materials, non-ferrous metals, and other waste are mixed, such as municipal waste, various wastes, and automobile scrap. The present invention relates to a drum-type non-ferrous metal sorting device, and more particularly, to a belt-less non-ferrous metal sorting device in which a belt is not used to supply raw materials to be sorted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 3 shows an example of a conventional non-ferrous metal sorting device, which, as is well known, carries waste as a raw material to be sorted forward by a belt, and by the action of magnetic force in the front, non-ferrous metal, other waste, In this order, the magnetic materials fall so far that they are separated.
[0003]
More specifically, this apparatus includes a frame 27 as a stationary base. The frame 27 is provided with a pair of pulleys 24A and 24B so as to be rotatable at a predetermined interval (for example, 1.5 m), and for supplying raw materials with an arbitrary number of scrapers 22 for scraping off magnetic materials between them. The supply belt 23 is wound around.
[0004]
A supply hopper 28 to which garbage as a raw material is supplied is provided above the pulley 24A on the front side. Further, a power transmission belt 25A is wound around the pulley 24A and a belt driving motor 25 fixed to the frame 27. Accordingly, the belt 25 is rotated by the motor 25 in the direction of the arrow A1 in the drawing at a speed of 20 to 120 m / min, for example.
[0005]
In the inner space of the rear pulley 24B, a permanent magnet rotary rotor 21 for separating the raw material conveyed by the belt 23 into the three chutes 29A, 29B, 29C shown in the figure is rotatably provided. Yes. As is well known, the rotary rotor 21 is an outer shell made of synthetic resin or the like and covers permanent magnets 21A, 21B,... Alternately arranged with N and S poles. The rotary rotor 21 is rotated at a speed of, for example, 1500 rpm when power from a rotor driving motor 26 fixed to the frame 27 is transmitted by a power transmission belt 26A. In front of the pulley 24B, a cover 30 for preventing dust from scattering is provided.
[0006]
In such an apparatus, when waste as a raw material to be separated is supplied to the supply hopper 28, the waste is conveyed to the front pulley 24B by the supply belt 23. Inside the pulley 24B, the rotary rotor 21 having permanent magnets is rotating as described above. By the action of the magnetic lines of force from the rotating rotor 21, the non-ferrous metal is thrown away and falls into the chute 29A, and the magnetic material rotates downward while being attracted to the pulley 24B, and when the magnetic force weakens, The dust falls on the shooter 29C, and the other garbage rotates together with the pulley 24B and falls on the shooter 29B in the middle to be separated.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional belt-type non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus, when the magnetic material mixed in the raw material reaches the portion of the rotating rotor 21 by the belt 23, it is vigorously rotated and vibrated by electromagnetic force. For this reason, there are many accidents in which the belt 23 is damaged in a short time, and the rotating rotor 21 itself is also damaged. This is because the outer shell of the rotary rotor 21 is made of resin as described above, and since the raw material in which the magnetic material therein is not completely removed is supplied, this is an unavoidable problem. For this reason, currently, as a pre-treatment, measures are taken by installing many types of magnetic separators, but no fundamental solution has been reached. Apart from the above, the rotating rotor itself may fail. In such a case, the repair of the rotating rotor must be carried out by removing the rotor from the main body, but this has a problem that a large construction is indispensable.
[0008]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a beltless rotating drum type non-ferrous metal fractionation capable of preventing damage to a rotating drum that receives raw materials and a permanent magnet rotating rotor in the rotating drum as much as possible. To provide an apparatus.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The beltless rotating drum type non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus of the present invention is a rotary drum to which raw materials as a separation target are directly supplied and placed, and a plurality of divided and separated collection units provided below the rotating drum. The rotating drum is an inner non-magnetic pipe and a protective pipe that covers and protects the pipe, and is divided into two pieces that are divided in the circumferential direction. It is configured to include a protective pipe that detachably fixes the flange portions of the split pieces, and a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the inner space of this rotating drum so that different polarities are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The rotating rotor is provided so as to be able to be driven to rotate so as to repel non-ferrous metal on the rotating drum and to adsorb the magnetic material, and in the inner space of the rotating drum. A magnetic shielding plate is provided above one of the shooters for recovering the magnetic material so as to prevent the magnetic lines on the rotating drum from dropping onto the shooter by preventing the passage of magnetic lines of force from the rotating rotor. Configured as
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention are as follows.
[0011]
Although the present invention is simply beltless, it enables separation of raw materials to be separated in the same manner as the conventional belt type, and because of the beltless, naturally it is not necessary to consider damage to the belt, In addition, the rotating drum and the rotating rotor are prevented from being damaged.
[0012]
More specifically, a rotating rotor in which permanent magnets are arranged inside a rotating drum made of a non-magnetic material so that adjacent poles are different from each other in N and S faces a part of the inner periphery of the rotating drum. The rotating drum and the rotating rotor are independently rotated in the same direction by an external motor. Since the diameter of each of the rotating drum and the rotating rotor is about 2: 1, the respective rotation centers are in an eccentric state.
[0013]
The rotating drum has a resin pipe on the inside, and a nonmagnetic stainless steel plate or punching plate made of a plurality of separate plate pieces attached to the outside. The opposing ends of the two plate pieces are bent in a flange shape and fastened with bolts, and the bent portions serve as a so-called scraper.
[0014]
On the other hand, with respect to the center of the rotating drum, a magnetic shielding plate using a ferromagnetic material is provided at a position symmetrical to the rotating rotor so that no magnetic field leakage occurs in this direction of the rotating drum.
[0015]
Since the non-magnetic stainless steel plate piece or the panting plate piece is fixed with bolts, it has a structure in which an internal resin pipe can be easily removed.
[0016]
The rotating drum is supported by a pair of four bearings (rollers) attached to the housing and rotated by an external motor.
[0017]
These rotating drum and rotating rotor are housed in a housing so as to be fixed at a predetermined position. The lower part of the housing is divided into three parts. On the other hand, the upper part is an opening for charging raw materials.
[0018]
To explain the present invention in a different way, first, the belt for supplying raw materials is eliminated, and the raw materials are supplied directly onto the rotating drum. The structure of the rotating drum is a double structure in which a resin pipe is installed on the inside and the outside is covered with a nonmagnetic stainless steel plate or a punching plate. The non-magnetic stainless steel plate or panting plate is divided, and the joint of the divided portions is bent and fixed in a flange shape for serving as a scraper. The bent portion is used as a scraper to discharge the magnetic material.
[0019]
In addition, the diameter of the rotary drum and the internal rotary rotor is 2 to 1, and by installing the rotary rotor close to the top of the rotary drum, the surface on the lower side of the rotary drum (opposite to the rotary rotor) Minimize the magnetic field. Furthermore, in order to ensure this, a magnetic shielding plate is disposed at a position opposite to the rotating rotor (below the rotating drum).
[0020]
The raw material supply feeder tray exits at the top of the rotating drum, or the raw material is supplied directly to the drum surface by a chute. The non-ferrous metal jumps forward by the magnetic lines of force from the rotating rotor at the position closest to the rotating rotor and the rotating drum, and the magnetic material is carried while adsorbed on the drum surface. It loses its adsorption power due to its action and falls. Other garbage falls down along the rotation of the rotating drum. A branch chute is provided below the rotating drum to separate and collect non-ferrous metals, dust, and magnetic materials.
[0021]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0022]
FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory view in which a part of the embodiment of the present invention is cut and viewed from the side, and FIG. 2 is a front side explanatory view in which a part of FIG.
[0023]
In this embodiment, in FIG. 1, when raw materials are supplied from the supply feeder 14 toward the rotating drum, the raw materials fall into the divided chutes 13A, 13B, and 13C divided into non-ferrous metals, dust, and magnetic materials. It is what you do.
[0024]
More specifically, as can be seen from FIG. 1, the apparatus according to the present embodiment has a housing 13 as a stationary system, in which a later-described mechanism for separating raw materials is provided. The supply feeder 14 is provided in the vicinity of the opening 13a, and the lower opening of the housing 13 is the divided chutes 13A to 13C.
[0025]
The mechanism for separating in the housing 13 has a rotary drum RD having a double structure. That is, the rotating drum RD has an inner resin pipe 2 and a nonmagnetic stainless punching plate 3 fixed in a state of being wound around the outer side. This punching plate 3 has holes for suppressing eddy current during operation. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the plate pieces 3a, 3a,. It is wound around the pipe 2 and the adjacent flange portions are detachably fixed with bolts. This makes it easy to replace the plate pieces 3a, 3a,. Thus, the eddy current is also suppressed because the plate 3 is divided into a plurality of pieces. These flange portions function as a so-called scraper 5. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the length of the resin pipe 2 and the punching plate 3 in the axial direction is such that the punching plate 3 is shorter than the resin pipe 2 and the punching plate 3 is longer than the resin pipe 3. It is fixed so that it is located in the middle of the direction. The rotating drum RD having such a structure is rotatably supported by the frames 13 and 13. That is, the resin pipes 2 and 2 on both sides of the drum RD pass through the pair of frames 13D and 13D in a rotatable manner. Further, as can be seen from FIG. 1 in particular, four rollers 8, 8,... Are attached to the outer surfaces of the frames 13D and 13D, and both ends of the resin pipe 2 are rotated with respect to the frame by these rollers. Supported as possible. The power from the motor 11 can be transmitted to the left end side of the resin pipe 2 in FIG. That is, the belt 9 is wound between the pulley 11 </ b> A of the motor 11 and one end of the resin pipe 2.
[0026]
The rotary rotor 1 is rotatably supported slightly above the internal space of the rotary drum RD. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the rotor 1 is formed by arranging permanent magnets 1a, 1a,... As can be seen from FIG. 2, the rotor 1 is supported by shafts 1b and 1b at both ends rotatably supported by bearings 6 and 6 as stationary systems. A pulley 1 </ b> C is fixed to the left shaft 1 b in FIG. 2, and the belt 10 is wound around the pulley 1 </ b> C and the pulley 12 a of the motor 12. Thereby, the rotary rotor 1 rotates in the direction of arrow A3 at 1500 to 3000 rpm, for example.
[0027]
Further, a ferromagnetic shielding plate 4 is provided at a position substantially pointed with the rotary rotor 1 inside the rotary drum RD. The shielding plate 4 is for preventing the magnetic field from the rotating rotor 1 from leaking obliquely downward in FIG. 1 and preventing the magnetic field from being formed on the surface of the rotating drum (punching plate). That is, the magnetic material that has been rotating while staying on the surface of the rotating drum RD is to be separated from the surface of the drum below the drum.
[0028]
In the apparatus having such a configuration, the raw material as the separation target is supplied from the supply feeder 14 while the rotary drum RD and the rotary rotor 1 are rotated by the motors 11 and 12. The raw material falls on the rotating drum RD and rotates in the direction of the arrow A2 in FIG. 1 together with the drum RD. Even during the fall, the resin pipe 2 is protected by the plate 3 and is not destroyed. With this rotation, the raw material eventually approaches the rotary rotor 1. At this time, the eddy current generated by the influence of the magnetic lines of force from the rotating rotor 1 in the non-ferrous metal in the raw material increases, and is eventually blown forward by the repulsive force of the electromagnetic force and falls to the frontmost shooter 13A. . The dust in the raw material rotates while riding on the drum RD without being affected by the magnetic field of the rotary rotor 1, and eventually falls to the central shooter 13B. The magnetic material in the raw material is affected by the magnetic field of the rotary rotor 1 and rotates while adsorbed on the surface of the drum RD. Even if it reaches the lower side, that is, around the center of the shooter 13B, it is attracted by the magnetic force and does not fall into the shooter 13B. After this point, it reaches a position where the ferromagnetic shielding plate 4 is sandwiched between the drum RD and the rotary rotor 1. Thereby, the attraction force of the rotary rotor 1 with respect to the magnetic material disappears, and the magnetic material falls on the shooter 13C. In this way, non-ferrous metals, dust, and magnetic materials are separated and fall onto the shooters 13A to 13C.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, damage to the belt, damage to the rotating drum, damage to the rotating rotor, etc., which are fatal defects of the conventional nonferrous metal sorting apparatus, can be eliminated by eliminating the use of the belt and changing the drum structure. I was able to.
[0030]
The rotating drum, which is a feature of the beltless type non-ferrous metal sorting apparatus according to the present invention, has not only been able to eliminate various harmful effects caused by eddy currents by making the surface a punching plate or the like, but if it is worn, the punching plate Can be easily removed and replaced. In the case of the conventional type, it takes a large amount of work such as taking out the rotating drum from the main body and taking it back to the factory for repair, and the construction period is often required, for example, about 2 to 3 weeks. On the other hand, according to the present invention, these operations can be completed in a short time, for example, about 30 minutes.
[0031]
In addition, it is impossible with the conventional type, but by installing the magnetic shielding plate in the rotating drum, it is possible to reliably remove and collect the magnetic material attached to the rotating drum, which also causes the risk of damage to the rotating drum. Disappeared as much as possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram viewed from the side in a state where a part of the apparatus of the present invention is cut and removed.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a part of FIG. 1 as viewed from the front side.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating motor 2 Resin pipe 3 Punching plate 4 Ferromagnetic shielding plate 5 Scraper 6 Bearing 8 Roller 9, 10 Belt 11, 12 Motor 13 Housing 13A-13C Split type shooter 14 Feeding feeder

Claims (3)

A rotating drum on which raw materials to be separated are directly supplied and placed;
A plurality of divided shooters for separate collection provided below the rotating drum;
With
The rotating drum is
Inside pipe made of non-magnetic material,
A protective pipe that covers and protects this pipe, and is divided into a plurality of pieces divided in the circumferential direction, and the flanges in the two adjacent divided pieces are detachably fixed, and a protective pipe,
It is configured as comprising
A rotary rotor in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction in the inner space of the rotary drum is driven to repel non-ferrous metal on the rotary drum and to adsorb magnetic substances. In the inner space of the rotating drum, the magnetic material line is prevented from passing above the rotating shooter in the inner space of the rotating drum and above the shooter for collecting the magnetic material. A magnetic shielding plate was installed to drop the magnetic material onto the shooter.
A beltless rotating drum type non-ferrous metal sorting device characterized by the above. Each of the divided pieces of the protective pipe is made of metal, and a plurality of holes are provided so that an eddy current is not generated as much as possible even under the influence of magnetic lines of force from the rotating rotor. 1 beltless rotating drum type non-ferrous metal sorting device. The beltless rotating drum type nonferrous metal sorting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein flange portions for fixing the divided pieces project radially outward and function as a scraper.

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