JPH0737623A - Method and device for judging deterioration of lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To detect the degree of deterioration accurately per a product of plural battery makers by obtaining the relation between the internal resistance and the capacity per a certain deterioration test judgement unit previously, and using this relation or a deterioration judging unit utilizing this relation CONSTITUTION:A group, which is supposed to have the same deterioration characteristic on the basis of the available information such as capacity, nominal voltage, battery maker, manufacturing date, manufacturing lot and use condition of a lead-acid battery, is used as a judgement unit for deterioration test. For example, a battery maker is specified, and the capacity of the battery can be estimated accurately on the basis of a regression expression of the internal resistance and the capacity, which are measured by a short-time discharging method. As a measuring method, the short-time charging method and the alternating current method can be used. A deterioration judging unit based on the measuring method is used. A regression expression stored in a storage unit 4 is selected in response to a lead-acid battery 1 to be tested by the operation of a regression expression selecting means 3, and this selected regression expression is substituted with the internal resistance, which is measured by an internal resistance measuring means 2, by a computing unit 5 to estimate the capacity and detect the deterioration condition.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lead storage battery deterioration determination method and a deterioration determination device for detecting the deterioration state of a lead storage battery from the relationship between internal resistance and capacity of the lead storage battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional liquid lead-acid battery can measure the specific gravity of an electrolytic solution, so that the deterioration state can be easily grasped, but a sealed lead-acid battery cannot perform such a measurement. . Therefore, generally, in sealed lead-acid batteries, deterioration determination is performed by a capacity test.

According to the simple capacity test method described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-54982, only one of the assembled batteries is discharged, so that there is no useless power consumption, and during the test by any chance. Even if a power failure occurs, there is an advantage that the battery pack can be discharged more than the remaining batteries that have not been discharged, and a larger pseudo load is not necessary.

However, the test time is 2 including the charging time.
The drawback that the maintenance person is restrained for a long period of time over 0 hours has not been improved. In order to solve this problem, as described in JP-A-1-134877, there has been proposed a method of determining deterioration from transient voltage fluctuation characteristics of short-time discharge in seconds.

However, in the above method of judging deterioration from the discharge characteristic in units of seconds, since a large clip with a pseudo load is connected to the battery terminal, a large clip is accidentally released from the battery terminal during short-time discharge. If you remove it, there is a risk of sparks and personal injury. In addition, if a test is conducted immediately after the end of charging, there is a risk of explosion if sparks are generated. Therefore, in terms of safety, the shorter the short-time discharge time is, the better. However, in an extremely short time, the transient voltage fluctuation at the time of discharge is affected by the inductance component of the wiring unrelated to the deterioration of the battery, which causes a problem that accurate measurement cannot be performed.

As a method for determining deterioration of a lead storage battery which solves such a problem, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-12108 filed by the present applicant is used.
There is a method of detecting the deterioration state of the lead storage battery from the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity of the lead storage battery as described in No.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the conventional deterioration determination method. This method is a deterioration determination method focusing on the correlation between the internal resistance and the deterioration of the lead storage battery, and the determination procedure is as follows. First, the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity of the lead storage battery is obtained in advance, and a diagram or regression equation is created. Next, the internal resistance of the lead-acid battery under test is determined. Next, the obtained internal resistance is applied to the above-mentioned diagram or the regression equation to estimate the capacity or detect the deterioration state of the lead acid battery to be tested. A diagram or a regression equation showing the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity is often created for each voltage and capacity of the lead storage battery.

[0007]

However, even with lead-acid batteries having the same voltage and the same capacity, there are differences in the shape, size, active material, etc. of the grid depending on the battery manufacturer, and the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity is different. This is often a characteristic, and there is a problem that the accuracy of deterioration determination deteriorates when capacity estimation or deterioration state detection is performed on lead storage batteries manufactured by a plurality of battery manufacturers.

This will be described with a specific example. 6 is shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an example of a diagram showing the relationship between internal resistance and capacity according to the conventional lead storage battery deterioration determination method shown in FIG. 2, and a 2 V, 200 Ah capacity sealed lead storage battery of 5 domestic battery manufacturers that have undergone accelerated deterioration is It is a figure showing the relationship between the measured internal resistance and capacity. The circles are the data of company A, and the circles are the data of the other four companies. The curve in the figure illustrates a regression equation obtained by the method of least squares. Since there are differences in the shape, size, active material, etc. of the grid between battery manufacturers, and there is a difference in capacity even for the same internal resistance, there are large variations. Therefore, the accuracy of the capacity estimation using this figure becomes poor.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lead storage battery deterioration determination method capable of highly accurately determining lead storage batteries of different battery manufacturers and different manufacturing times. And to provide a deterioration determiner.

[0010]

A method for determining deterioration of a lead storage battery according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a diagram showing a relationship between internal resistance and capacity of a lead storage battery, or a lead storage battery using a regression equation. In the method of estimating the capacity or detecting the deterioration state, first, a diagram showing the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity of a battery of the same capacity at the same voltage, or a regression equation is calculated for each deterioration test judgment unit assumed to have the same deterioration characteristics. Then, next, the figure or regression equation is selected according to the deterioration test determination unit of the lead acid battery under test, then the internal resistance of the lead acid battery under test is measured, and then the measured internal It is characterized in that the resistance is applied to the selected diagram or the regression equation to estimate the capacity of the lead-acid battery under test or detect the deterioration state.

Further, the deterioration determining device for a lead storage battery according to the present invention, which is also used to achieve the above object, uses a regression equation representing the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity of the lead storage battery to estimate or deteriorate the capacity of the lead storage battery. In a device for detecting a state, at least an internal resistance measuring unit, a storage unit that stores a regression equation for each deterioration test determination unit that is assumed to have the same deterioration characteristics, and for each deterioration test determination unit of a lead-acid battery under test Regression formula selecting means for selecting the regression formula, a calculation unit for substituting the internal resistance measured by the internal resistance measuring unit for the selected regression formula, or a calculation unit for detecting a deterioration state, and the capacity estimation Or a display section for displaying the result of the deterioration state detection.

[0012]

In the method for determining deterioration of a lead storage battery according to the present invention, when the capacity of the lead storage battery under test is estimated from the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity or the deterioration state is detected, it is assumed that the characteristics of deterioration are the same in advance. For each test judgment unit, the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity is obtained in advance, and the diagram showing the above relationship according to the deterioration test judgment unit of the lead-acid battery under test or the regression equation is used to estimate the capacity or detect the deterioration state. By doing so, it is possible to eliminate variations due to differences in the shape, size, active material, etc. of the grid that differ depending on the battery manufacturer, and differences in manufacturing conditions such as manufacturing time, and to determine lead-acid batteries made by multiple battery manufacturers with high accuracy. to enable.

Further, in the deterioration judging device according to the present invention, a plurality of regression equations for each deterioration test judging unit described above are stored in the storage section, and the deterioration test judging unit of the lead-acid battery under test is operated by operating the regression formula selecting means. By selecting the regression equations together, the grid shape, dimensions, and
Excludes variations due to differences in active materials and manufacturing conditions such as manufacturing time, regardless of battery manufacturer or manufacturing time.
It is possible to judge a lead storage battery with high accuracy.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of the deterioration determining method for a lead storage battery according to the present invention. In the lead storage battery deterioration determination method of the present embodiment, first, a diagram showing the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity or a regression equation is obtained in advance for each deterioration test determination unit of the lead storage battery. Next, according to the deterioration test determination unit of the lead-acid battery under test, a diagram showing the relationship between internal resistance and capacity for deterioration determination, or a regression equation is selected. Next, the internal resistance of the lead-acid battery under test is determined. Next, the obtained internal resistance is applied to a diagram showing the relationship between the selected internal resistance and capacity or a regression equation to estimate the capacity or detect the deterioration state of the lead acid battery under test. In the deterioration determination in the present embodiment, as the deterioration of the lead storage battery progresses, the internal resistance, that is, the liquid resistance including the electrode internal resistance and the charge transfer resistance increase.
It takes advantage of the fact that there is a correlation between deterioration and internal resistance.

Here, the deterioration test judgment unit will be described. From the standpoint of the user who uses the lead storage battery, in the present situation where the deterioration state and the life of the lead storage battery have not been clarified by the manufacturer side, it is necessary to predict by some method. If a lead-acid battery is used as a backup power source, it will not be in time if the quality of the battery is discovered only after a power failure. Although the capacity, nominal voltage, external dimensions, etc. of a lead storage battery are known from JIS, catalogs, etc., detailed design specifications and manufacturing conditions have not been clarified. Therefore, in the present invention, the capacity,
In addition to the nominal voltage, the population that is assumed to have the same characteristics of deterioration based on information known to the user, such as battery manufacturer, manufacturing time, manufacturing lot, etc., and usage status, shall be the unit for deterioration judgment. , Which is defined as a deterioration test judgment unit.

FIG. 2 is an example of a diagram showing the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity used in the deterioration determination method of the present invention. The number of battery manufacturers is limited to one (company A), and accelerated deterioration is performed as in FIG. It is a figure showing the relationship between internal resistance and capacity measured by the short time discharge method about the sealed lead acid battery of 2V and 200Ah capacity. The method of measuring the internal resistance of a lead-acid battery by the short-time discharge method is to discharge for a very short time of 1 msec or less, measure the differential voltage ΔV of the battery terminal voltage before and after the discharge and the flowing current I, and calculate from ΔV / I It is to find the internal resistance. In FIG. 2, the circles show the data showing the correlation between the internal resistance and the capacity of each sample of the lead storage battery made by Company A, and the curve drawn between them shows the lead storage battery made by this battery maker. The regression equation showing the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity used for the deterioration judgment as the deterioration test judgment unit is shown. This regression equation can be obtained by the least square method based on the above data. Figure 2
6 has less variation in the curve and the data as compared with FIG. 6 obtained by the conventional method. This is because by limiting the battery manufacturers, differences in the shape, size, active material, etc. of the lattice due to the differences in battery manufacturers were eliminated. In the present embodiment, it is possible to accurately estimate the capacity or detect the deterioration state by using the diagram showing the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity for each deterioration test determination unit limiting the battery manufacturer or the regression equation. become.

In the examples of FIGS. 2 and 6, the internal resistance was measured by short-time discharge, but a diagram showing the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacitance calculated by the method of short-time charging or the method of alternating current, or It goes without saying that the regression equation can be applied to the present invention. In addition, the deterioration test judgment unit that limits the battery manufacturers is an example, and the deterioration test judgment is performed on a population that is assumed to have the same deterioration characteristics based on information known to the user such as manufacturing time, manufacturing lot, and usage status. It goes without saying that it can be used as a unit.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the first embodiment of the deterioration determining device for a lead storage battery according to the present invention.

In FIG. 3, 1 is a lead storage battery to be tested, 2 is an internal resistance measuring means, 3 is a regression formula selecting means for selecting a regression formula for each deterioration test determination unit of the lead storage battery 1 to be tested, and 4 is previously obtained. A storage unit for storing a regression equation for each of a plurality of deterioration test determination units, 5 substitutes the internal resistance of the lead-acid battery 1 under test measured by the internal resistance measuring means 2 into the regression equation selected by the regression equation selecting means 3. The calculation unit 6 estimates the capacity or detects the deterioration state, and 6 is a display unit that displays the result of the capacity estimation or the deterioration state detection calculated by the calculation unit 5.

A description will be given of an example of a procedure for making a deterioration determination of a lead storage battery by using, for example, a regression equation of internal resistance and capacity in the deterioration determination device having such a configuration. First, the lead-acid battery under test 1
And the internal resistance measuring means 2 are connected. Next, for example, a regression formula that is stored in advance in the storage unit 4 and represents the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity of each battery manufacturer is used as the regression formula selection unit 3
Select the lead storage battery 1 to be tested according to the operation of. If the internal resistance measuring means 2 is, for example, a short-time discharge method, the lead storage battery 1 to be tested is discharged at a constant current I, for example, 30 A for a short time (for example, 500 μsec), and the voltage before the start of discharge and a constant time from the start of discharge. Progress (eg 300 for a short time)
μsec) and the voltage ΔV which is the difference from the voltage after
The internal resistance is calculated by I. The computing unit 5 substitutes the internal resistance measured by the internal resistance measuring unit 2 into the regression formula of the internal resistance and the capacity selected by the regression formula selecting unit 3 to estimate the capacity of the lead-acid battery under test or detect the deterioration state. . The display unit 6 displays the result calculated by the calculation unit 5, that is, the battery capacity or the deterioration determination result.

As shown in this embodiment, in the present invention,
At least an internal resistance measuring means, a regression formula selecting means for selecting a deterioration test judgment unit such as a battery maker, and a storage unit for storing a regression formula for each deterioration test judgment unit such as each battery maker are selected. Substituting the internal resistance of the lead-acid battery under test measured by the internal resistance measuring means into the regression equation, it is configured with a calculation unit that estimates the capacity or detects the deterioration state, and a regression equation that represents the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity is created. It is characterized in that it is obtained for each deterioration test judgment unit and incorporated in one deterioration judgment device.

In the above description of the embodiment, the method of short-time discharging was described as the internal resistance measuring means, but the internal resistance measuring means may be a method of short-time charging or an alternating current method. It goes without saying that various embodiments can be adopted according to the gist.

Next, a second embodiment of the deterioration determining device for a lead storage battery according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view thereof, and is a view of a state in which a plurality of lead storage batteries are connected, as viewed from above, showing an example of sticking a barcode seal. In FIG. 4, 11 is a lead storage battery, 12 is a bar code seal, 13 is a + pole column, 14 is a-pole column, and 15 is a connection bar that connects the + pole column 13 and the -pole column 14 of adjacent lead storage batteries 11 to each other. , 16 is an explosion-proof plug, 17 is a battery number sticker, and 18 is a nameplate sticker.

In this embodiment, information that contributes to the selection of the regression equation, such as capacity, nominal voltage, battery manufacturer, manufacturing time, manufacturing lot, and usage state, is represented in advance by a bar code, and as shown in FIG. The cord seal 12 is attached to the lead storage battery 11. In the test, it is possible to read the bar code displayed on the bar code sticker 12 by the regression formula selecting means having a bar code reading function and automatically select the regression formula to conduct the test. It should be noted that even if information such as design specifications contributing to regression equation selection is expressed by means other than a barcode or other than a sticker, it is sufficient if the information can be identified, and various embodiments can be taken according to the purpose. Needless to say.

[0026]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the deterioration determining method and the deterioration determining device of the lead acid battery of the present invention, the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity is determined in accordance with the deterioration test determining unit of the lead acid battery under test. Since deterioration determination is performed by selecting a diagram or regression formula, it is possible to accurately estimate the capacity or detect the deterioration state of lead acid batteries with different manufacturing conditions such as battery manufacturers and manufacturing times. . Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 2, in particular, by incorporating a regression equation for each of a plurality of deterioration test judgment units into one deterioration judgment device, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of deterioration judgment devices dedicated to a specific battery manufacturer, for example. Is eliminated and the effect is great economically.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of a lead storage battery deterioration determination method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a relationship between internal resistance and capacity according to the deterioration determination method for a lead storage battery of the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a deterioration determining device for a lead storage battery according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the deterioration determining device for a lead storage battery of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a conventional method for determining deterioration of a lead storage battery.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a relationship between internal resistance and capacitance according to the conventional deterioration determination method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lead battery under test 2 ... Internal resistance measuring means 3 ... Regression formula selecting means 4 ... Storage section 5 ... Calculation section 6 ... Display section

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Kazuki Yoshida 1-1-6 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method of estimating a capacity of a lead storage battery or detecting a deterioration state using a diagram showing a relationship between an internal resistance and a capacity of a lead storage battery, or a regression equation. Figure showing the relationship between capacity and capacity, or a regression formula is obtained for each deterioration test judgment unit that is assumed to have the same deterioration characteristics, and then the above figure or regression according to the deterioration test judgment unit of the lead-acid battery under test. Select the formula, then measure the internal resistance of the lead-acid battery under test, then apply the measured internal resistance to the selected diagram, or regression equation to estimate the capacity of the lead-acid battery under test, or A deterioration determination method for a lead storage battery, characterized by detecting a deterioration state. 2. A device for estimating the capacity of a lead storage battery or detecting the deterioration state thereof using a regression equation representing the relationship between the internal resistance and the capacity of the lead storage battery, at least having the same deterioration characteristic as the internal resistance measuring means. A storage unit that stores a regression formula for each deterioration test determination unit that is assumed to be, a regression formula selection unit that selects the regression formula for each deterioration test determination unit of the lead-acid battery under test, and the internal for the selected regression formula. It is provided with an arithmetic unit for estimating the capacity or detecting the deterioration state by substituting the internal resistance measured by the resistance measuring means, and a display unit for displaying the result of the estimation of the capacity or the deterioration state detection. Deterioration determiner for lead acid batteries.