JPH07308848A - Machining method for removing elastic material or soft material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method capable of inexpensively performing removal machining by preventing highly precise workpieces from dangerously contacting with each other in the working area through the means of cooling and hardening the entire workpieces for progressing machining. CONSTITUTION:A workpiece 3 containing an elastic material or a soft material 1 is secured to machining benches 5, 6 by a holding means 7 and removal machining is performed of the workpiece 3 in the condition of having it cooled by a refrigeration unit 4 and hardened to its interior. Further a water screen is frozen by the refrigeration unit 4 and secured to the machining benches 5, 6 as a holding means 7. Furthermore, the water screen is formed by bringing the top of the machining benches 5, 6 to the freezing point by the refrigeration unit 4 without placing anything thereon and leaving them as it is until the top of the machining benches 5, 6 are frosted by the atmospheric moisture, while, upon frosting, the top of the machining benches 5, 6 are raised to an ordinary temperature by regulating the refrigeration unit 4 and thereby melting the frost.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for removing elastic material or soft material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, many kinds of rubber-like materials having elasticity or softness have been produced by diversifying purposes such as vibration proofing, cushioning and sound proofing. In order to use these various materials in an arbitrary shape for the purpose of use, a method of making a mold is used. At that time, it is difficult to mold the work piece in which the undercut portion occurs and to obtain the work piece that requires a precise shape. In addition, in the removal processing at room temperature using tools such as blades and grindstones, tearing, peeling etc. occur in the work piece, resulting in shape accuracy, dimensional accuracy,
There is a problem that it is difficult to obtain highly accurate processing results regarding surface roughness and the like.

In order to solve the above problem, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-
Japanese Patent No. 30344 discloses a method in which liquid nitrogen is sprayed on rubber, the surface is cooled and hardened, and cutting is performed.
However, in the above method, since the surface is hardened and the processing progresses, the inside is soft and it is difficult to improve the accuracy because the work piece is distorted by the force during the processing. It is difficult to find the processing start point because a lot of frost adheres to the surface of the work piece, and the pipe for spraying liquid nitrogen in the work area is exposed, and the processing tool or this is held during removal processing. There are many problems, such as the danger of contact with the drive unit that uses the liquid and the use of expensive liquid nitrogen.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art by cooling and hardening the entire work piece to proceed with the work, and allows the work piece with high accuracy to be contacted within the working area. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of removing and processing at low cost while preventing danger.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention fixes a work piece having an elastic material or a soft material to a work table by a holding means, and cools it by a refrigerating device to harden it to the inside. Removal processing method characterized by performing the removal processing in the state, further, the removal processing method, characterized in that the water film as the holding means is frozen by the refrigeration device and fixed to the processing table, For the formation of the water film, the freezing device keeps the freezing point of the working table below the freezing point with nothing placed on the working table, and it is left for a while and frost adheres to the working table due to moisture in the atmosphere. Then, after adhering, the refrigerating apparatus is adjusted again to raise the temperature on the working table to room temperature to remove the frost, and the removal processing method is employed.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the elastic material or the soft material is cooled and hardened by the refrigerating device and the removal processing is performed, there is no occurrence of tearing or peeling of the workpiece, and at the time of processing. By suppressing the processing heat that causes the distortion of 3D, high precision such as dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy and surface roughness is not limited to planar 2D processed products, but 3D structural parts with free curved surfaces Can be obtained against. Further, it is possible to perform a safe operation at a low cost without using liquid nitrogen while preventing the risk of contact with piping or the like in the work area.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the workpiece can be held easily and inexpensively without distortion due to holding. Further, according to the invention of claim 3, since a very thin ice film can be formed, the floating amount of the work piece is very small, and the thin ice film has higher adhesion.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of the present invention and showing an example of the arrangement of equipment when a flat work piece is cooled and hardened by a refrigerating apparatus to be removed. In FIG. 1, a table for stacking and holding the workpiece 3 when the upper flat surface portion of the workpiece 3 which is composed of the elastic material or the soft material 1 and the hard material 2 and is integrated is smoothly removed by grinding. 5 is
The workpiece 3 is shaped so that it can be cooled from a portion that is not removed, and a refrigerator 4 such as a Peltier element having a cooling function is provided inside thereof. Here, the table 5 or the auxiliary table 6 forms a working table. The control unit 8 is for adjusting the cooling and hardening temperatures of the workpiece 3 by changing the amount of electricity and the amount of refrigerant flowing through the refrigerator 4.

Further, when the table 5 needs a smooth surface matching the precision required for the work piece 3, it is necessary to grind the upper surface of the table 5 to prepare a smooth surface. If the processing is performed each time, the table 5 becomes thin and the refrigerator 4 is exposed. In order to prevent this, the auxiliary table 6 is installed on the table 5, and the upper surface of the auxiliary table 6 is processed to obtain the required smooth surface.

In the removing method, first, the work piece 3 is placed on the auxiliary table 6 and fixed by the holding means.
As a fixing method, water 7 as a fixed medium is thinly sprayed on the surface of the auxiliary table 6, the workpiece 3 is placed thereon, and the temperature is controlled by the control unit 8 so that the water 7 as a fixed medium is removed. There is a way to freeze it. That is, the water film 7 freezes to form a holding means. However, since the work piece 3 is lifted up by about 10 μm due to the expansion phenomenon when water is frozen, the thickness of the work piece 3 and the lifted amount when frozen and hardened are measured in advance before processing, and during or during the processing. Care must be taken when checking the dimensions of the finish.

The control unit 8 keeps the auxiliary table 6 below the freezing point with nothing placed on the auxiliary table 6 and allows it to stand for a while, and waits for frost to adhere to the auxiliary table 6 due to moisture in the atmosphere. After adhering, the control unit 8 is adjusted again to raise the temperature on the auxiliary table 6 to normal temperature to defrost and leave a thin film of water. After that, there is a method in which the workpiece 3 is placed and the control unit 8 is adjusted to freeze the water 7. This method requires more time to hold the work piece 3, but a very thin film of ice is formed, so that the work piece 3
The amount of uplift is very small, and the adhesion of a thin ice film is higher.

In addition to this, the work piece 3 is placed on the auxiliary table 6.
A possible method is to spray the water 7 thinly after putting it on, and to freeze the water 7. However, since the work piece 3 does not float up, but the whole piece is covered with ice, the ice pieces are likely to break during removal processing, and the work piece 3 is easily scattered, which is not desirable. The work piece 3 is fixed by such a method, and further cooled to a region where the elastic material or the soft material 1 is hardened.

With the entire elastic material or soft material 1 being hardened, the removal processing is started by the processing tool 9. After the removal process is completed by this procedure and the required shape is obtained, the temperature and the temperature are controlled by changing the electricity, the refrigerant and the like flowing to the refrigerator 4 by the control unit 8, and the water 7 as the fixed medium is thawed,
Then, the temperature is raised to a region where the elastic material or the soft material 1 is softened, and the work piece 3 is removed.

In addition, as a point of caution during processing, it is necessary to consider the dimensional change caused by thermal contraction and expansion of the workpiece 3 due to temperature change. Further, the removal process may be performed immediately in the cooled and hardened state, but if it is left as it is, a slight amount of frost adheres, though it is not comparable to the method of spraying liquid nitrogen on the surface. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to keep the processing area dry.

As a means for holding the work piece 3, a method by vacuum adsorption may be used instead of the freezing of the water 7. According to this method, it is possible to prevent the workpiece 3 from rising due to the expansion phenomenon of water. FIG. 2 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, which shows an arrangement example of equipment when a complicated workpiece having a different shape is cooled and hardened by a refrigerating apparatus to perform removal processing.

In the second embodiment, an example is shown in which a work piece 3 composed of a complex elastic material or soft material 1 having a curved shape and a hard material 2 and integrally formed is three-dimensionally cut and removed. . In FIG. 2, the members corresponding to those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In this case as well, the auxiliary table 6 mounted on the table 5 can be cooled from a portion that is not removed so as to have a large contact area, for the purpose of efficiently cooling and hardening and increasing the holding force. It has a shape that allows it. If the shape for holding the work 3 so as to wrap it is used as the holding means, the work 3
It is not necessary to use the water 7 as a holding means for fixing the water, so that the floating can be prevented. In order to further enhance the cooling effect by this method, the table 5 and the auxiliary table 6 may be integrated instead of being separated.

[0017]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, the work piece having the elastic material or the soft material is torn,
A free curved surface that does not cause peeling and suppresses the processing heat that causes distortion during processing, and is not limited to flat, two-dimensional processed products with high accuracy in dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, surface roughness, etc. Can be obtained for a three-dimensional structure part having.

In addition, since there is little frost adhered to the processing location, it is easy to confirm the processing start point, and it is possible to perform safe work while preventing the risk of contact with pipes in the working area. The effect that can be performed is obtained. According to the invention of claim 2, the work piece can be fixed to the work table without distortion, and can be made simple and strong.
The effect that the work piece is not damaged by fixing is obtained.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the lift of the work piece due to the expansion phenomenon when the water freezes can be extremely reduced, so that the working accuracy is greatly improved and the work piece and the working table are closely attached. Will be more likely.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, which is an arrangement example of equipment when a planar workpiece is cooled and hardened by a refrigerating apparatus to perform removal processing.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, which is an example of the arrangement of equipment when a complicated workpiece having a different shape is cooled and hardened by a refrigerating apparatus to perform removal processing.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Elastic material or soft material 2 Hard material 3 Work piece in which elastic material or soft material and hard material are integrated 4 Refrigerator forming a refrigerating machine 5 Table forming a working table 6 Auxiliary table forming a working table 7 Fixed Water as a medium 8 Control unit 9 Processing tool

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuyuki Hanazawa, 1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya city, Aichi Prefecture, Nihon Denso Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Masao Yokoi, 1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya city, Aichi prefecture Sozo Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A removal processing method, characterized in that a work piece having an elastic material or a soft material is fixed to a work table by a holding means, and is removed by being cooled by a refrigerating device and hardened to the inside. . 2. The removal processing method according to claim 1, wherein a water film as the holding means is frozen by the refrigerating device and fixed to the processing table. 3. The water film is formed on the processing table by freezing the processing table below the freezing point by the refrigerating device with nothing placed on the processing table and left for a while. 3. The removal processing method according to claim 2, wherein the process is waited for frost to adhere to the frost, and when the frost adheres, the refrigeration apparatus is adjusted again to raise the temperature on the processing table to room temperature to defrost the frost.