JPH0724439A - Method and device for separating and recovering composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a high separating and recovering efficiency by rotating a cylindrical container rotationally driven around an almost horizontal shaft while blasting the air heated to a temp. higher than the softening temp. of the plastic in this container and separating the plastic on a softened state and metal by the impact at the time of rotation. CONSTITUTION:Composite materials S of the metal and plastic to be treated are housed into the container 11 by opening a cap plate 13. The hot air is blown in this state from a revolving shaft 14 into the container 11 and a motor M is started to rotate the container 11 around the axial line via gears 20, 19. The composite materials S are lifted by a finned plate 18 according to rotation of the container 11 and thereafter, the material spill from the finned plate 18 and fall onto the bottom of the container 11. The plastic members softened by heating are peeled from the metallic members by the falling impact. The rotation of the container 11 and the feeding of the hot air are stopped and the respective members are taken outside when the metallic member and plastic member included in the composite material S are completely separated by repeating such operation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating and recovering a composite material composed of metal and plastic.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been a strong demand for recycling of wastes in order to reduce the amount of wastes and prevent environmental pollution as well as effective use of resources.

If the exhaust gas is made of a single material, it can be recycled relatively easily, but in the case of a composite material composed of a plurality of types of materials, each material can be efficiently separated. Often difficult to retrieve. In particular, a composite material of metal and plastic is widely used for products in various fields, and a large amount of waste is generated.

The composite material of metal and plastic is prepared by inserting a metal member for compensating the strength of the plastic molded product at the time of molding of the plastic, outserting after molding, or joining with an adhesive. Is made. Metals and plastics joined by these methods are generally extremely strongly joined and are usually difficult to separate, and therefore, conventionally, they have been discarded in landfills or the like without being separated. As a result, the amount of waste increases and the renewable resources that can be used are discarded without being used.

Several measures have been proposed to remedy this disadvantage. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-1028
Japanese Patent Publication No. 09 discloses a method for disassembling a molding device in which a molding device in which a metal material is molded with a thermosetting resin is housed together with water in a sealed container, and the inside of the container is heated to hydrolyze the resin layer. There is.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-137207 discloses means for separating vinyl chloride by immersing a waste material containing vinyl chloride and other substances in oil heated to about 140 ° C. .

In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-122679, a lightweight foreign substance is installed to blow off and separate a lightweight object by installing a blower fan at the end of a transport path for transporting a waste material containing a mixture of a lightweight object and a heavy object. A removal device is disclosed.

Further, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-11616 discloses a plurality of types of plastic laminated materials having different melting temperatures.
Disclosed is a material-separated device for a synthetic resin laminated material, which is housed in a swirling tank provided with a heating plate, swirled at a high speed while being heated, and sequentially softened from one having a low melting temperature and then centrifuged. .

[0009]

The above-mentioned prior application means are
Although effective for each, the practicability is still insufficient as a means for separating and recovering the composite material of metal and plastic.

In view of this point, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently separating and recovering a waste material of a composite material composed of metal and plastic, and an apparatus therefor.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

According to the method for separating and recovering a composite material of the present invention, a composite material of metal and plastic to be treated is contained in a cylindrical container which is driven to rotate about a substantially horizontal axis, and the plastic is softened in the container. By blowing the air heated to a temperature higher than the temperature, the container is rotated to soften the plastic in the composite material, and by the impact force due to the rotation of the container, it is separated from the metal member and recovered. There is.

The apparatus for separating and recovering a composite material according to the present invention accommodates a composite material of a metal and a plastic to be treated, and has a cylindrical container rotatably supported about a substantially horizontal axis, and the container is rotated. The driving means for driving and the blowing means for blowing hot air into the container are provided.

The apparatus for separating and recovering a composite material according to the present invention comprises a container which is formed in a tubular shape with both ends open and is driven to rotate about a central axis, a blowing means for sending hot air through the container, and one end of the container. Supply means for supplying the composite material to be processed into the container, transfer means for transferring the supplied composite material toward the other end as the container rotates, and a composite material discharged from the other end side of the container And a conveying means for discharging the material.

[0015]

When the composite material of metal and plastic is heated by hot air, the plastic is softened, and the plastic rolls and falls due to the rotation of the container, and the plastic and metal are separated by the impact and recovered.

[0016]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. The container (11) in this embodiment is End plate on both ends (12)
It is formed into a cylindrical shape that is closed by, and the lid plate (13)
Is provided with a hinged opening that can be opened and closed.

At the center of each end plate (12), a hollow rotary shaft (1
4) and 15) are projected outward, and are rotatably supported by bearings 16 and 17, respectively. A gear (19) is attached to the one rotating shaft (15), and a gear (20) meshing with the gear (19) is driven by a motor (M) so that the container (11) can be rotationally driven around the shaft. Has been done. Inside the container (11),
A plurality of fin plates (18) from the inner peripheral surface in the radial direction,
Moreover, it is provided so as to extend in the axial direction.

Hot air heated to a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the plastic contained in the composite material to be treated is fed into the container (11) through the rotary shaft (14) and the other rotary shaft ( It is designed to be discharged from 15).

In order to perform the separation and recovery process here, first,
Cover plate with composite material (S) of metal and plastic to be treated
Open (13) and place in container (11). Next, the rotation axis (1
When hot air is sent into the container (11) from 4) and the motor (M) is started, the container (11) starts rotating around the axis via the gears (20) and (19). The arrow B in FIG. 2 indicates the direction of rotation.

The composite material (S) is accompanied by the rotation of the container (11).
It is lifted by the fin plate (18) and then spills from the fin plate (18) and falls to the bottom of the container (11). Since the plastic member of the composite material (S) is softened by being heated by hot air, it can be easily separated from the metal member by the impact of dropping.

By rotating the container (11) for a required time while blowing hot air into the container (11), the metal member and the plastic member contained in the contained composite material (S) are completely separated. Therefore, stop the rotation of the container (11) and the blowing of hot air,
The lid plate (13) is opened, and the separated metal and plastic are taken out and collected.

The basic embodiment of the apparatus for carrying out the method for separating and recovering the composite material according to the present invention has been described above. However, the apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned contents, and various embodiments are possible. It is possible to apply various modifications.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a container (21) having a polygonal cross section and omitting the fin plate, instead of the container (11) having a circular cross section in the above-mentioned embodiment. Although the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 3 is a regular hexagon, it may be a regular polygon such as an octagon. A lid plate (22) is openably and closably attached to the container (21) at an appropriate position on the circumferential surface.

When the composite material (S) to be treated is housed in the container (21) and hot air is blown from the hollow rotary shaft (23) and rotated in the direction of arrow B, the composite material (S) is It is lifted along the inner wall of 21), collapses from the top and falls to the bottom.

The container (21) functions in the same manner as a tumbler device used for removing sand from a small casting, for example, and the contained composite material (S) falls to the bottom and the composite material (S). ) Due to the impact force due to mutual collision, the heated and softened plastic member is separated from the metal member.

When the blowing of hot air and the rotation of the container (21) are continued for a required time and the metal and the plastic of the composite material (S) are sufficiently separated, the operation is stopped and the cover plate (22) is opened. Opening and removing the isolate is similar to the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. In contrast to the two embodiments in which the separation and recovery of the composite material is intermittently batched, the composite material is It is designed to continuously supply and discharge.

The rotary container (31) shown in FIG. 4 has a cylindrical shape with both ends open, and has a spiral guide plate (3) along its inner peripheral surface.
2) is installed. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary container (31) taken along the line C-C. The rotary container (31) includes a plurality of support rollers (3).
By 3), it is rotatably supported around the central axis.

A gear (34) is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary container (31), and a gear (35) meshing with the gear is rotated by a motor (M) via a drive shaft (36). container
(31) is rotated around the axis.

On the side where the composite material of the rotary container (31) is supplied,
The supply conveyor (37) is installed so that its tip is inserted into the rotary container (31), and the charging chute (38) is arranged above it. A discharge conveyor (39) is installed below the discharge side of the rotary container (31).

Further, the rotary container (31), the support roller (33),
A cover case (40) is installed so as to cover the entire gear (35) and the like. The supply conveyor (37), the discharge conveyor (39) and the drive shaft (36) are installed so as to penetrate the wall of the cover case (40).

The front and rear walls of the cover case (40) are provided with a hot air blower port (41) and a hot air discharge port (42) and are heated to a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the plastic material in the composite material (S). The hot air is blown into the rotary container (31) so as to pass therethrough.

Hot air is blown from the blower port (41), and the rotary container (31) is rotated by the motor (M) via the gear (35), and the composite material (S) to be treated from the charging chute (38). Are dropped onto the supply conveyor (37) and sequentially fed into the rotary container (31).

The composite material (S) moves toward the discharge-side open end by the spiral guide plate (32) as the rotary container (31) rotates. While this composite material (S) moves,
The plastic material is softened by being heated by hot air, and the impact force of rolling and dropping due to the rotation of the rotary container (31) is repeatedly applied.

Therefore, the composite material (S) that has reached the discharge side opening end of the rotary container (31) drops onto the discharge conveyor (39) with the metal and the plastic being almost completely separated, and the cover is covered. It is transported to the outside of the case (40). Then, the carried out composite material (S) in which the metal and the plastic are separated is separated by the separation treatment system (4) installed at the latter stage of the discharge conveyor (39).
By 3), it is divided into metal and plastic and taken out respectively.

The separation processing system (43) is not a component of the present invention, and a known system may be applied thereto, and therefore its explanation is omitted.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a main part of a modified example of the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, in which the rotary container (44) has a rotation axis (C) inclined with respect to the horizontal line L at an angle θ. , The discharge side opening end is set lower than the supply side.

In this device, a gear (45) is mounted on the outer periphery of the rotary container (44) according to the device of FIG. 5, and is rotated around the axis by the motor (M) via the gear (46). The other supporting rollers (33), supply conveyor (37), discharge conveyor (39), cover case (40), etc. are the same as in FIG.

When the rotary container (44) of FIG. 6 rotates, the composite material
While (S) rolls and falls, it moves to the discharge side by gravity, falls on the discharge conveyor (39), and is conveyed to the sorting system (43).

In the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 6, the rotary container (31) or (44) is shown as a cylindrical shape, but it goes without saying that it may be a polygonal cylindrical body as shown in FIG. Nor.

[0041]

【The invention's effect】

(a) The composite material in which the metal and the plastic are firmly bonded can be efficiently treated to separate the metal and the plastic and to collect the composite material.

(B) Separation is performed by heating with hot air having a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the plastic and impact force caused by rotation of the container. Since no processing chemicals are used, there is no inconvenience that causes secondary pollution.

[0043]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the container of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a container of another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.

5 is a sectional view of the rotary container of the apparatus of FIG. 4 taken along the line CC.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a main part of a modified example of the apparatus of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (11) Container (12) End plate (13) Lid plate (14) (15) Hollow rotating shaft (16) (17) Bearing (18) Fin plate (19) (20) Gear (21) Container (22) Lid Plate (23) Hollow rotating shaft (31) Rotating container (32) Spiral guide plate (33) Support roller (34) (35) Gear (36) Drive shaft (37) Supply conveyor (38) Feed chute (39) Discharge Conveyor (40) Cover Case (41) Air Vent (42) Discharge Port (43) Sorting System (44) Rotating Container (45) (46) Gear (M) Motor (S) Composite Material

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical container, which is driven to rotate about a substantially horizontal axis, contains a composite material of metal and plastic to be treated, and blows air heated above the softening temperature of the plastic into the container. A method for separating and recovering a composite material, which comprises rotating the container to soften the plastic in the composite material, and separating and recovering the metal and the plastic by an impact force generated by the rotation of the container. 2. A cylindrical container which accommodates a composite material of metal and plastic to be treated and is rotatably supported about a substantially horizontal axis, drive means for rotationally driving the container, and inside the container. An apparatus for separating and recovering a composite material, comprising: a blowing unit that blows in hot air. 3. A container having a circular cross section and having a circular cross section,
The separation / collection device for a composite material according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of fin plates extending from the inner peripheral surface in the axial direction of rotation are provided. 4. The apparatus for separating and collecting composite material according to claim 2, wherein the container has a polygonal cross section. 5. A container, which is formed in a tubular shape with both ends open and is driven to rotate about a central axis, a blowing means for sending hot air through the container, and a composite material to be treated is introduced into the container from one end of the container. A supply means for supplying, a transfer means for transferring the supplied composite material toward the other end as the container rotates, and a conveying means for carrying out the composite material discharged from the other end side of the container. An apparatus for separating and collecting composite materials. 6. The apparatus for separating and recovering composite material according to claim 5, wherein the transfer means is a spiral ridge projecting from the inner peripheral surface of the container in the axial direction of rotation. 7. The apparatus for separating and recovering a composite material according to claim 5, wherein the transfer means is configured such that the axis of the container is inclined downward from the supply side to the discharge side of the composite material.