JPH07228183A - Cargo handling method and device for container and vehicle load-carrying platform - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a cargo handling device excellent in working efficiency which is firstly capable of easily loading and unloading even a cargo heavy in weight, excellent in capacity, secondly practically excellent in space, weight and cost and thirdly capable of smoothly and continuously carrying out transfer and delivery at the time of loading and unloading. CONSTITUTION:This cargo handling device is constituted by having a floor 10 receiving a cargo set on the outside of an opening part 8 of a load-carrying platform 2 of a container 9 or a vehicle 1, an air floating type cargo handling means 11 interposed under a cargo A of heavy weight and to slightly float the cargo A and an elevating cargo handling mechanism 12 of a crane, a forklift, etc. Cargo handling work is carried out by setting a floor 10 for receiving the cargo almost without any clearance flatly on a floor 3 of the load-carrying platform 2 of the container 9 or the vehicle 1, etc., transferring the cargo A between the floor surface 3 and the floor 10 for receiving the cargo by the cargo handling means 11 while almost dissolving frictional resistance and elevating the cargo A up and down by the elevating cargo handling mechanism 12 between the floor surface 3 and the floor 10 for receiving the cargo.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cargo handling method and cargo handling apparatus for containers and vehicle platforms. That is, the present invention relates to a cargo handling method and cargo handling device for loading and unloading heavy cargo on a container or a vehicle carrier.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 is a schematic side view for explaining a conventional example of a loading and unloading method and an loading and unloading device for loading and unloading cargo on a vehicle carrier. (1) FIG. Fig. 2 shows those equipped with a belt conveyor and walking floor, and Fig. 3 shows those equipped with a simplified crane. When loading or unloading luggage A onto or from a container 2 of a container, van-type vehicle or other vehicle 1, first of all, a forklift (not shown) is generally used as a cargo handling device. It was used a lot. That is, the cargo A is lifted by the forklift and lowered onto the floor surface 3 of the container or the carrier 2 of the vehicle 1 to load the cargo A, and the cargo A is loaded by the forklift to the container or the carrier 2 of the vehicle 1. Conventionally, a cargo handling method of lifting the cargo A from above the floor surface 3 and unloading the cargo A has been widely used. Note that FIG. 5 (1) shows an example in which a wing type van type vehicle is used as the vehicle 1. In order to facilitate the cargo handling method using a forklift as the above-mentioned cargo handling device, this wing type van type vehicle has a wing portion 4 at the top or side of the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 and can be opened and closed.

Secondly, as shown in FIG. 5 (2),
An example in which a belt conveyor 5 or a walking floor is provided as a cargo handling device on the floor surface 3 of the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 has also been conventionally used. In the conventional example shown in FIG. 5 (2), the load A is placed between the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 and the outside by placing the load A on the belt conveyor 5 or the walking floor and transferring the load A back and forth. The cargo handling method of loading and unloading was adopted. Thirdly, as shown in FIG. 5 (3), an example in which a simplified crane 7 using a multistage cylinder as a cargo handling device is provided below the top surface 6 of the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 is also conventionally adopted. I was sometimes told. Then, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 5 (3), the cargo A is loaded between the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 and the outside by lifting the cargo A with the simplified crane 7 and transferring it back and forth. The cargo handling method of unloading was used.

[0004]

By the way, the following problems have been pointed out in such a conventional example. First, as described above, the conventional cargo handling apparatus and cargo handling method using a forklift (including an example using a wing van type vehicle), a belt conveyor 5, a walking floor, a simple crane 7, etc. It was intended for a light load A having a weight of at most several hundreds of kg. That is,
For example, since the heavy load A of 1 ton or more was not planned, it is generally difficult to use for loading such a heavy load A into the container or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1. There was a problem in ability. Secondly, it is conceivable to improve the above-described conventional cargo handling apparatus and cargo handling method for such a heavy load A, but in that case, the following problem occurs. That is, the cargo handling apparatus becomes very large and specialized due to the increased capacity, which causes problems in space, weight and cost. For example, in the conventional example using the simplified crane 7, the heavy load A
In order to hoist the cargo with the simplified crane 7 and transfer it to the back of the loading platform 2, it is necessary to reinforce the loading platform 2 as much as possible, or to provide another support device such as a pillar or beam for supporting the simplified crane 7. However, the structure is complicated and the cost is considerably high.

Thirdly, as described above, with the conventional cargo handling apparatus and cargo handling method using a forklift, belt conveyor 5, walking floor, simple crane 7, etc., if a heavy cargo A with a weight of, for example, 1 ton or more is used, Even if it was assumed that the items could be loaded and unloaded, the following problems in work efficiency are pointed out. First, in the conventional example using a forklift, it is a stance to load the luggage A to the back of the container or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 that is generally in the form of a long box or to unload the luggage A in the back. It was impossible. That is, between the vicinity of the opening 8 of the container or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 and the outside, even if the heavy load A can be transferred by the forklift, the opening 8 of the container or loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 or the like. Between the vicinity and the back, it cannot be transferred by a forklift, and some other means or manpower is required for transferring the heavy load A between these areas.
There will be a problem in terms of work efficiency in loading and unloading.

Further, in the conventional example using the belt conveyor 5 and the walking floor, the heavy load A between the vicinity of the opening 8 of the container or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 and the inside thereof.
Even if the cargo can be transferred, it is difficult to handle the cargo A between the vicinity of the opening 8 of the container or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 and the outside. That is, the heavy load A is loaded into the opening 8
In order to transfer it between the nearby belt conveyor 5 or the walking floor and the outside, some other means or human power is required, which causes a problem in work efficiency of loading and unloading. Furthermore, it is not possible to continuously transfer the cargoes A one after another between the container and the vicinity of the opening 8 of the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 and the back, and this aspect also contributes to the work efficiency of loading and unloading. Will cause problems. Further, also in the conventional example using the simple crane 7 described above, there is a problem in work efficiency when the heavy load A is delivered to and from the simple crane 7 near the opening 8 in accordance with the above. At the same time, continuous transfer is difficult, and this also causes a problem in work efficiency.

In view of the above situation, the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional example, and the cargo receiving floor is flush with the outside of the opening of the container or the cargo bed of the vehicle. In addition to the above, the heavy cargo is transferred between the floor surface of the container or vehicle bed and the floor for receiving cargo while using the air levitation type cargo handling means. By using the lifting mechanism to unload and lift between, firstly, it has excellent capability such as easy loading and unloading of heavy loads, and secondly, this It can be realized in terms of space, weight, cost, etc. Thirdly, transfer and delivery for loading and unloading can be done smoothly and continuously.
It is an object of the present invention to propose a cargo handling method and cargo handling device for containers and vehicle platforms that are excellent in work efficiency.

[0008]

The technical means of the present invention for achieving this object are as follows. First, claim 1
About: That is, this cargo handling method for a container or a vehicle carrier relates to a cargo handling method for loading a heavy load onto the container or the vehicle carrier. First, the cargo receiving floor is set outside the opening of the container or the vehicle carrier so as to be flush with the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier with almost no space. Then, the lifting and lowering mechanism such as a crane, a forklift, and a wrecker lowers and puts the cargo on the cargo receiving floor, and an air floating cargo handling means is interposed between the cargo and the cargo receiving floor. Then, the cargo is slightly floated by the air levitation type cargo handling means to almost eliminate the frictional resistance, and the cargo is pushed and transferred from the cargo receiving floor onto the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier to be loaded. It has become.

Next, claim 2 is as follows. That is, the loading / unloading method for the container or the vehicle loading platform relates to the loading / unloading method for unloading a heavy load from the container or the vehicle loading platform. Then, first, the cargo receiving floor is set outside the opening of the container or the vehicle carrier, and is flush with the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier with almost no gap,
An air levitation type cargo handling means is provided between the cargo and the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier. Then, the cargo is slightly floated by the air levitation type cargo handling means to substantially eliminate the frictional resistance, and is pushed and transferred from the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier onto the cargo receiving floor. Thereafter, the cargo is lifted from the floor for receiving the cargo and unloaded by a lifting / lowering mechanism such as a crane, a forklift, and a wrecker.

Next, claim 3 is as follows.
That is, the cargo handling device for the container or the vehicle carrier relates to the cargo handling device for loading and unloading heavy loads on the container or the vehicle carrier. A cargo receiving floor that can be set outside the opening of the container or the vehicle carrier and can be positioned flush with the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier with almost no space, and can be inserted under the luggage. Along with
An air-floating cargo handling system capable of almost eliminating frictional resistance by slightly lifting the load by using the pressure of compressed air when transferring the load between the floor of the container or the vehicle carrier and the floor for receiving the load. And a lifting / lowering mechanism such as a crane, a forklift, or a wrecker capable of loading and unloading the cargo between the cargo receiving floor and the cargo receiving floor.

[0011]

Since the present invention comprises such means, it operates as follows. In this cargo handling method and cargo handling device for a container or a vehicle carrier, first, the cargo receiving floor is set flush with the floor surface outside the opening of the container or the vehicle carrier with almost no space. Then, the heavy load is pushed between the floor of the container or vehicle bed and the floor for receiving the cargo by the air-floating type cargo handling means interposed, and the friction resistance is almost eliminated, and the cargo is pushed and transferred. At the same time, it is lowered or lifted by the lifting / lowering mechanism between the cargo receiving floor and the outside. In this way, loading and unloading are performed.

Therefore, firstly, even heavy loads can be easily pushed and transferred by the air levitation type cargo handling means, and can be easily lowered and raised on the cargo receiving floor by the lifting / lowering mechanism. It will be possible. As described above, even a heavy load can be easily loaded and unloaded, which is excellent in capability. Secondly, this can be realized without increasing the size or specialization of the device by adopting a combination of a predetermined floor for receiving cargo, an air floating type cargo handling means, a lifting cargo handling mechanism, etc. Excellent in weight and cost. Thirdly, between the back of the floor of the container or the vehicle carrier and the cargo receiving floor near the opening, the heavy cargo can be transferred smoothly and continuously by the air levitation type cargo handling means. Done. Along with this, the delivery of heavy loads, that is, the loading and unloading of heavy loads between the outside of the cargo receiving floor and the outside can also be carried out by combining the cargo receiving floor and the lifting / lowering mechanism. It is done smoothly and continuously. In this way, work efficiency is also excellent

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1A and 1B are schematic side views for explaining the outline of the present invention. FIG. 1A shows a container, and FIG. 2B shows a loading platform 2 of a vehicle 1. 2 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the second embodiment. FIG. 4 shows an example of an air levitation type cargo handling means used in the present invention. (1) is a schematic plan view thereof,
(2) is a schematic front view of a state immediately before ascending, and (3) is a schematic front view of a floating state.

The present invention relates to a cargo handling method and a cargo handling apparatus for loading or unloading a heavy cargo A onto a cargo carrier such as a container 9 or a cargo bed 2 of a vehicle 1. As the container 9, for example, a length of about 2.5 m and a width of about 2.5 m
A marine container having a length of about 6 m and a length of about 6 m is conceivable. As the vehicle 1, a van type vehicle is typical, but of course a type with an open top surface 6 is also possible, and these are also available. It is provided with an opening 8 for delivering the luggage A and generally has a long box shape. Then, as the cargo A to be loaded and unloaded on these, a heavy one having a weight of 1 ton or more, for example, about 2 to 3 ton is typical. First, the cargo handling apparatus of the present invention will be described. The cargo handling apparatus includes a next cargo receiving floor 10, an air floating type cargo handling means 11, and a lifting cargo handling mechanism 12.
And so on.

Then, the floor 10 for receiving goods is the container 9
It can be set outside the opening 8 of the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 or the like, and can be positioned almost flush with the floor surface 3 of the container 9 or the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 without any step. ing. First, for the cargo receiving floor 10 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, for example, a honeycomb panel structure made of aluminum is used, and it is lightweight at about 100 kg and is excellent in operability, and also has a structure excellent in rigidity and strength. Form a flat plate. The cargo receiving floor 10 shown in FIG. 2 is vertically stored inside the vicinity of the opening 8 of the container 9 or the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 as shown in the figure, and is not normally used (indicated by phantom lines in the drawing). (See), and is horizontally laid down and horizontally deployed to be set outside the lower end of the opening 8 so that the container 9 and the floor surface 3 of the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 are substantially flush with each other in a usage state ( It is attached to the lower end of the opening 8 so as to be pivotally displaceable by about 90 degrees.

Reference numeral 13 in FIG. 2 is a hinge portion for such mounting. The hinge portion 13 has a horizontal pin and has a special shape. The hinge portion 13 is interposed between the opening 8 on the cargo bed 2 side of the container 9 or the vehicle 1 and the base end portion of the cargo receiving floor 10 to receive the cargo receiving floor. It functions as the center of rotation of 10, and one is provided on each of the left and right sides. Also, floor 1 for receiving goods
A jack 14 is attached to the outer side of the free end of 0 (lower side when the load receiving floor 10 is in use).
The jack 14 is designed to keep the load receiving floor 10 in a horizontal use state when a heavy load A is placed on the load receiving floor 10 and a large load is applied to the load receiving floor 10 in the use state. It is located between 10 and the ground B. In the illustrated example, one jack 14 is provided on each of the left and right sides, but various other positions and numbers are possible, and a manual type or a power type is appropriately used.

Reference numeral 15 in FIG. 2 is a buffer mechanism. The buffer mechanism 15 is provided on both side surfaces 1 of the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1.
6 Between the inside and both sides of the base end of the cargo receiving floor 10,
Each of them is pivotally mounted, and is of a damper type using a spring or the like. And this buffer mechanism 1
5 functions when the cargo receiving floor 10 is manually rotationally displaced between the unused state and the used state. As the cargo receiving floor 10 approaches the horizontal used state, the original vertical non-used direction In other words, it is designed to gradually exert a large force in the opposite direction. Therefore, by providing the buffer mechanism 15, when the load receiving floor 10 is tilted from the vertical non-use state to the horizontal use state, the load receiving floor 10 is smoothly rotated at a slow speed, and The force of supporting by hand is reduced, and conversely, when raising from the horizontal use state to the vertical non-use state, the force of lifting the load receiving floor 10 by hand is reduced, and the load receiving floor 10 can be quickly stored. In this way, the buffer mechanism 15 functions so that the turning operation of the cargo receiving floor 10 can be performed easily and safely.

Next, the cargo receiving floor 10 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is of a detachable type instead of the rotating type as in the first embodiment of FIG. That is, the cargo receiving floor 10 of the second embodiment is detached and stored in an appropriate place in the normally unused state, and in the used state, the container 9 and the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 and the like as shown in the figure. Is set on the outer side of the lower end of the opening 8 and is attached flush with the floor surface 3 of the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 with almost no gap. Since the cargo receiving floor 10 of the second embodiment is manually attached and detached in this manner, it has a structure which is lighter in weight as a whole than that of the above-described first embodiment. Used. The same jack 14 as that of the first embodiment is used.

In FIG. 3, 17 is a tightening means, and 18 is a locking means. That is, the cargo receiving floor 10 of the second embodiment.
Needs to be securely attached and fixedly connected and connected to the outside of the lower end of the opening 8 of the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 in the use state, so that the tightening means 17 is provided near the opening 8. And a lock means 18 corresponding to the tightening means 17 is provided on the base end side of the cargo receiving floor 10. As the tightening means 17 on the side of the opening 8, for example, in the container 9 such as the sea container shown in the figure, the tightening means 17 generally used conventionally can be used as it is. As the lock means 18 on the floor 10 side, for example, a twist lock type is adopted. Then, for example, by operating the handle of the locking means 18, the locking means 18 is locked by the tightening means 17, so that the cargo receiving floor 10 in use is fixed to the outside of the opening 8 of the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1. Are connected and connected together. The cargo receiving floor 10 is configured as described above.

Next, the air floating type cargo handling means 11 will be described. This air-floating type cargo handling means 11 can be installed under a heavy load A, and can be used for a container 9 or a vehicle 1.
On the floor 3 such as the loading platform 2 and the receiving floor 10 in use.
When the load A is transferred to and from the top, the loaded load A is slightly floated by using the pressure of compressed air, and the frictional resistance can be almost eliminated.

As the air floating type cargo handling means 11, various conventionally known types can be adopted. For example, the one shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 is as follows.
It is as follows. That is, the air levitation type cargo handling means 11 has a flat plate-shaped pallet 19 on which a heavy load A is placed, and a substantially tire tube-shaped or donut-shaped structure that is provided under the pallet 19 and has compressed air inside. Is inflatable when is press-fitted, a central space 21 formed by being surrounded by the inflated airbag part 20, an air hose 22 or the like inside the airbag part 20 or in the central space 21. And a compressor 23 capable of supplying compressed air via the. Then, in this air floating type cargo handling means 11, first, at the time of loading, between the cargo receiving floor 10 and the heavy load A placed thereon,
Further, at the time of unloading, a pallet 19 with an air bag portion 20 is respectively interposed between the floor surface 3 such as the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 and the heavy load A placed thereon. In the illustrated example, a slack 24 is fixed below both ends of a heavy load A, and a pallet 19 with an air bag portion 20 is inserted between the slacks 24.

Then, compressed air is supplied from the compressor 23 to the inside of the air bag portion 20 through the air hose 22 and the like, and the air bag portion 20 is inflated, and the central space enclosed by the central portion is hermetically sealed. 21 (that is, the surrounding inflated air bag portion 20)
And a closed central space 21 is formed between the pallet 19 on the upper surface and the cargo receiving floor 10 or the floor surface 3 on the lower surface). At the same time, compressed air is supplied to the central space 21 from the compressor 23 via the air hose 22 and the like.
Press fit. Therefore, when the pressure in the central space 21 exceeds the load of the heavy load A, etc., compressed air in the central space 21 is discharged from between the expanded air bag portion 20 and the cargo receiving floor 10 or the floor surface 3. A part of the cargo leaks to the outside, and the heavy air A is lifted and slightly floated by the leaking air flow 25. Therefore, in this state,
The heavy load A can be easily transferred while the ground friction resistance is almost eliminated by pushing with a slight force while being placed on the pallet 19 of the air floating type cargo handling means 11.

The air floating type cargo handling means 11 is not limited to the example shown in the drawing, and various known methods can be adopted. For example, a type in which relatively small air bag portions 20 are independently attached to the four corners below the pallet 19 and a central space 21 is formed in each, or compressed from the air bag portion 20 toward the central space 21. A type that allows air to flow, and
It is conceivable to adopt a type to which the technique of Hovercraft is applied, or various types in which a heavy load A is slightly levitated by utilizing the pressure of compressed air to substantially eliminate frictional resistance during transfer. On the other hand, in the method of interposing the pallet 19 and the air bag portion 20 of the air floating type cargo handling means 11 under the heavy load A, in addition to the type that uses two slacks 24 as shown in the example, Other various methods may be adopted, for example, a plurality of talks 2
4 type, corner member type, fork pocket type, etc.
It is conceivable to employ various methods in order to preliminarily form a space in which the air levitation type cargo handling means 11 can be inserted under the heavy load A. By the way, air floating type cargo handling means 11
In order to smoothly carry the heavy load A by the above, it is indispensable that not only the floor 10 for receiving the cargo but also the floor surface 3 such as the container 9 and the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 is smooth. For example, particularly when the floor 3 is old and has unevenness, a sheet or mat having a high smoothness is laid in advance. The air floating type cargo handling means 11 is configured in this manner.

Next, the lifting / lowering mechanism 12 will be described.
The lifting / lowering mechanism 12 may be any as long as it can lift and lower the heavy load A between the floor 10 for receiving the cargo and the outside, that is, it can be lowered and placed or lifted and carried away. , Forklifts, tow trucks, etc. are used. Of these, not only general-purpose types but also special types and large types can be used. The lifting / lowering mechanism 12 has such a structure.

As the cargo handling apparatus of the present invention, for example, such a cargo receiving floor 10, an air levitation type cargo handling means 11, a lifting cargo handling mechanism 12 and the like are used. 26 in FIGS. 2 and 3
Is a door of the opening 8 of the container 9. Next, a cargo handling method using such a cargo handling device will be described. First,
The cargo handling method for loading the heavy cargo A onto the container 9 or the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 is as follows. That is, in this cargo handling method, first, the cargo receiving floor 10 is set outside the lower end of the opening 8 of the container 9 or the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 and the floor surface 3 of the container 9 or the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 is set. It is flush with almost no gap. Then, the heavy load A is lowered and placed on the cargo receiving floor 10 by the lifting / lowering mechanism 12 such as a crane, a forklift, and a wrecker. An air levitation type cargo handling means 11 is interposed between the two (see the solid line in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2 and 3). Then, by supplying compressed air to the air floating type cargo handling means 11, the cargo A is slightly floated together with the cargo handling means 11 to almost eliminate the frictional resistance, and at the same time, from the floor 10 for receiving the cargo to the container 9 or the vehicle 1. It is pushed and transferred to a desired position on the floor 3 such as the loading platform 2 (see the broken line display in FIG. 1).
Then, by stopping the supply of the compressed air to the air floating type cargo handling means 11 at the desired position, the above-mentioned cargo A
Then, the cargo A is placed at that position, and the air floating type cargo handling means 11 is appropriately removed. In this cargo handling method, the heavy load A is thus loaded on the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1.

Next, the cargo handling method for unloading a heavy cargo A from the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 is as follows. That is, in this cargo handling method, first, the cargo receiving floor 10 is set to the outside of the lower end of the opening 8 of the container 9 or the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 and the floor surface 3 of the container 9 or the cargo bed 2 of the vehicle 1 is almost set. While making it flush with no gaps,
Heavily loaded luggage A, container 9 and vehicle 1
Air-floating cargo handling means 1 between the cargo bed 2 and the floor 3
1 (see the broken line display in FIG. 1). Next, by supplying compressed air to the air floating type cargo handling means 11, the cargo A is slightly floated together with the cargo handling means 11 to substantially eliminate the frictional resistance, and the floor surface of the container 9 or the bed 2 of the vehicle 1 or the like. From above 3, it is pushed onto the receiving floor 10 and transferred (see the broken line display in FIG. 1). After that, the crane,
The loading / unloading mechanism 12 such as a forklift or a wrecker lifts the cargo A from the floor 10 for receiving cargo to unload it (see the solid line in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2 and 3). At that time, the supply of the compressed air to the air floating type cargo handling means 11 is stopped, the above-mentioned floating of the cargo A is eliminated, and the cargo A is placed on the floor 10 for receiving the cargo. The cargo handling means 11 is appropriately removed. In this cargo handling method, the heavy load A is unloaded from the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 in this way.

The present invention is as described above. Then it becomes as follows. This container 9 and the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1
In the cargo handling method and cargo handling device for containers, the container 9 and the vehicle 1 are
Cargo receiving floor 10 set outside the opening 8 of the cargo bed 2 and the like, air levitation type cargo handling means 11 interposed under the heavy load A and slightly floating the load A, crane, forklift, wrecker, etc. And the loading / unloading mechanism 12 of. Then, first, the cargo receiving floor 10 is set flush with the floor surface 3 of the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 with almost no space between them to form a continuous smooth / horizontal surface. Then, between the floor 3 such as the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 and the floor 10 for receiving the cargo, a heavy load A is loaded,
While the frictional resistance is almost eliminated by the air floating type cargo handling means 11 interposed, the cargo A is pushed and transferred, and the cargo A
Between the outside of the floor 10 for receiving cargo and the outside.
Lower and lift at 2. In this way, the heavy load A is loaded on the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1, or is unloaded from the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1. Now, in this cargo handling method and cargo handling device for the container 9 and the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1,
It becomes the second and the third.

First, even for a heavy load A, since the air levitation type cargo handling means 11 substantially eliminates the frictional resistance, it can be easily pushed and transferred, and the heavy load A However, by using the cargo receiving floor 10, it is possible to easily lower and lift the cargo by the lifting and lowering mechanism 12. According to this cargo handling method and cargo handling apparatus, even such a heavy load A can be easily loaded onto the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 or easily unloaded from the container 9 or the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1. It is capable of doing so and has excellent ability. In other words, compared to the conventional example of this kind shown in FIG.
Excellent in ability.

Secondly, even such a heavy load A can be easily loaded and unloaded, and it has excellent capability, and it has a predetermined load receiving floor 10, an air levitation type cargo handling means 11, and a lifting cargo handling mechanism. It is realized by combining 12 etc. for the first time. That is, in this cargo handling method and cargo handling apparatus, unlike the conventional example of this kind shown in FIG. 5, the above-mentioned first point is realized without enlarging or specializing the apparatus. Excellent in weight and cost.

Third, between the depth of the container 9 or the floor 2 of the vehicle 1 such as the loading platform 2 of the vehicle 1 and the floor 10 for receiving cargo near the opening 8, the heavy load A is transported by air. By using the levitation type cargo handling means 11, it becomes possible to carry out smoothly and continuously. Along with this, between the outside of the cargo receiving floor 10 and the outside, the heavy cargo A is unloaded and placed or lifted and carried away, that is, the cargo A is delivered by combining the cargo receiving floor 10 and the lifting / lowering mechanism 12. It becomes possible to carry out smoothly and continuously by using it. As described above, according to this cargo handling method and cargo handling apparatus, even a heavy load A can be transferred and delivered smoothly and continuously, and the work efficiency of loading and unloading is excellent. That is, the work efficiency is superior to that of the conventional example of this type shown in FIG.

[0031]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the cargo handling method and cargo handling apparatus for a container and a vehicle carrier according to the present invention set the cargo receiving floor flush with the outside of the opening of the container or the vehicle carrier with almost no space. At the same time, transporting heavy loads between the floor of the container or vehicle bed and the floor for receiving cargo while using the air levitation type cargo handling means, and between the floor for receiving cargo and the outside, By lifting and lowering by the lifting mechanism, the following effects are exhibited.

First, the ability is excellent, and even a heavy load can be easily loaded and unloaded. That is, according to this cargo handling method and cargo handling device, not only light loads of several hundreds of kilograms, but also heavy loads of more than 1 ton, for example, a few tons, can be easily loaded onto the container or the vehicle bed. It can be loaded and unloaded.

Secondly, this is realized with excellent space, weight and cost. That is, according to this cargo handling method and cargo handling device, it is possible to target even heavy loads having excellent capability as described above, and moreover,
It is realized without increasing the size and specialization of the device, and is excellent in terms of space, weight and cost.

Thirdly, the work efficiency is excellent, and the transfer and delivery for loading and unloading can be performed smoothly and continuously. That is, according to this cargo handling method and cargo handling device,
For loading and unloading work efficiency, you can smoothly and continuously transfer even a heavy load, such as transferring to and from the back of a container or vehicle bed, and delivering on the load receiving floor near the opening. Is also excellent. As described above, the effects of the present invention are remarkably large, such as the problems existing in this type of conventional example are eliminated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view for explaining an outline of a cargo handling method and cargo handling device for a container or a vehicle carrier according to the present invention,
The figure (1) relates to the container, and the figure (2) relates to the vehicle bed.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the air levitation type cargo handling means,
1A is a schematic plan view thereof, FIG. 2B is a schematic front view of a state immediately before ascending, and FIG. 3C is a schematic front view of a floating state.

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view for explaining a cargo handling method and a cargo handling device for a vehicle loading platform according to a conventional example of this kind; FIG. 1 (1) is an example using a wing van type vehicle, and FIG. , Equipped with a belt conveyor and walking floor, (3)
The figure shows an example equipped with a simplified crane.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 vehicle 2 loading platform 3 floor surface 8 opening 9 container 10 cargo receiving floor 11 air levitation type cargo handling means 12 lifting cargo handling mechanism A luggage

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A loading / unloading method for loading a heavy load onto a container or a vehicle carrier, wherein a cargo receiving floor is first set outside an opening of the container or the vehicle carrier, and It is flush with the floor surface, and then the cargo is lowered and placed on the cargo receiving floor by a lifting / lowering mechanism such as a crane, forklift, and wrecker, and air is laid between the cargo and the cargo receiving floor. A levitation type cargo handling means is interposed, and thereafter, the cargo is slightly floated by the air levitation type cargo handling means to substantially eliminate frictional resistance, and at the same time, the floor of the container or the vehicle bed from the cargo receiving floor. A method of loading and unloading containers and vehicle beds, characterized by pushing, transferring and loading onto a surface. 2. A loading / unloading method for unloading a heavy load from a container or a vehicle carrier, wherein a cargo receiving floor is first set outside an opening of the container or the vehicle carrier, and An air floating type cargo handling means is provided between the cargo and the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier, and the cargo is flush with the floor surface. At the same time, while slightly lifting the frictional resistance to eliminate the frictional resistance, it is pushed from the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier onto the cargo receiving floor to be transferred, and thereafter, by a lifting / lowering mechanism such as a crane, forklift, and wrecker, A cargo handling method for a container or a vehicle carrier, which comprises lifting a cargo from the floor for receiving cargo and unloading the cargo. 3. A loading / unloading device for loading and unloading heavy loads onto a container or a vehicle carrier, which can be set outside the opening of the container or the vehicle carrier, and can be set on the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier. On the other hand, a cargo receiving floor that can be positioned flush with each other with almost no gap, and can be inserted under the luggage, and at the time of transferring the luggage between the floor surface of the container or the vehicle carrier and the cargo receiving floor, An air levitation type cargo handling means capable of slightly lifting the load by utilizing the pressure of compressed air to substantially eliminate frictional resistance, and unloading, loading or lifting the load to carry it away. A cargo handling device for a container or a vehicle bed, which has a lifting / lowering cargo handling mechanism such as a crane, a forklift, and a tow truck.