JPH07217833A - Refuse incineration treating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To facilitate incineration by installing a classifying apparatus for classifying dust on a refuse incineration processing apparatus. CONSTITUTION: Dust incinerated is introduced into a collection tank 11 of a classifying apparatus 1, and water is sprinkled by a sprinkler 41, and further a bag containing dust therein is torn with a cutting mechanism 12. Dust in which is taken out, and pulverized. Contaminants having larger specific gravities in the dust, mostly metals, glasses, earth rocks, and incombustibles are sunk in the pool to remove. For dust floating on a water surface moisture is squeezed with a compression mechanism 16, and the compressed dust is rotated and dispersed in a rotary drum with an air sorting machine 17, and light weight plastics bags are blown off and recovered with remaining combustible dust being sent to an incinerator 2 for incineration.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the refuse incineration process,
In particular, the present invention relates to a refuse incineration treatment device equipped with a refuse classification device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste disposal methods include incineration, landfilling, weight reduction by compression and landfilling, or composting by natural deposition. Usually, the method by incineration is the most common, but the waste collected as combustible waste is not completely classified, and there are many types of waste, so it is extremely difficult to select it during processing. And the incineration process is also incomplete.

The incinerator is generally an incinerator in which a slatted net is stretched at the bottom and air is introduced from the bottom. Waste is thrown in from the top, incinerated on the sludge, and smoke is exhausted from the top. It collects ashes underneath.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the above-mentioned incineration process of waste by an incinerator, combustible waste contains incombustible materials that cannot be burned and plastics that must not be burned. When incinerated in an incinerator,
It causes many problems. Plastic waste accounts for about 15% of the total amount of waste, and when incinerated, it does not burn completely and becomes a molten solution, and this molten solution clogs the sludge at the bottom of the incinerator, and on top of other waste. If you cover it, the covered dust will not burn, the combustion is incomplete,
The weight and volume of ash dust emitted increases. A particularly problematic point is that when plastic waste is burned, harmful waste gases such as dioxins and PCBs are generated, which causes secondary pollution.

Generally, combustible waste contains about 60% of water, and when it is put into an incinerator, the temperature inside the furnace is drastically lowered and incomplete combustion occurs. Therefore, oil is added to help combustion. Therefore, the incineration cost increases with the use of oil, and the temperature inside the furnace rises sharply with the addition of oil.
In the incinerator, the loss of the furnace body is severe due to the rapid rise and fall of the temperature inside the incinerator, and the life of the incinerator is shortened.

A large amount of incompletely burned dust covered with a melting solution of plastics is mixed in the ash dust discharged by incineration in the incinerator, and incombustible metals, glasses, and debris. The amount of ash dust is about 40% of the original trash because it contains about 18% of the ash dust, etc. Moreover, since these ash dusts are landfilled, the problem of securing landfill sites and landfill work Including the cost problem of the incineration, the economic effect of the incineration treatment spent at a small cost is not so great.

The present invention relates to a waste incineration treatment device, a classification device,
Incinerator, waste gas treatment equipment and waste water treatment circulation equipment are installed.
The plastics and non-combustible materials contained in combustible waste are classified, moisture is removed, the waste is dispersed so that it can be easily burned, and the waste is completely burned to minimize the generation of ash dust. It is something to solve.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A waste incineration system is provided with a classification device, an incinerator, a waste gas treatment device, and a wastewater treatment circulation device, and the classification device collects and sprays waste, and crushes the waste. Then, a cutting mechanism that cuts open the garbage bag, a classification water tank that classifies the garbage according to the difference in specific gravity, a transportation mechanism that transfers the dust floating on the water surface in the classification water tank, a transportation mechanism that transports a certain amount of dust, and compresses the moisture to remove moisture. It was equipped with a compression mechanism that removes the waste, and a wind separation mechanism that disperses the compressed waste and separates plate-like or thin-film plastics by blowing air so that the waste can be sorted and incinerated easily and efficiently.

The collecting tank of the sorting apparatus is provided with a sprinkler for sprinkling the collected dust and sending it without scattering. The cutting mechanism of the sorting apparatus comprises two sets of crescent-shaped cutter knives which are arranged in an intersecting manner and rotate in mutually opposite directions, the cutter knives are not in close contact with each other, crush dust, cut open a plastic garbage bag, This is a configuration provided with a scraping rod that is in close contact with one set of cutter knives and rotates in the same direction.

The sorting tank of the sorting apparatus has a slanted bottom, a shallow front portion and a deep rear portion to form a sedimentation area. The waste having a large specific gravity is precipitated and separated, and the sedimentation waste is discharged from the bottom of the sedimentation area. This is a configuration including means. The transportation mechanism that transfers the dust floating on the water surface in the water tank of the sorting device is to install a scraping claw or a scraping plate on the rotating shafts that are lined up and down on the upper surface of the water surface, and the tip of the claw and the plate enter the water and rotate. Therefore, the transportation means for transporting the dust floating on the water surface and the water in the water tank to the rear is provided.

The transport mechanism for transporting a certain amount of dust of the sorting apparatus is reversely rotated to a net conveyor for draining and sending the waste from the sorting water tank, and an upper portion of a transport conveyor installed at a slight inclination behind the net conveyor. This is a configuration in which blades are provided on the shaft, and a transportation means is provided between the blades to capture and send out a certain amount of dust. The compression mechanism of the classifying device has three rollers located at the vertices of a substantially equilateral triangle, and the distance between the front lower roller and the upper roller is wider than the distance between the rear lower roller and the upper roller.
The dust is compressed between the upper roller and the lower roller provided with a hydraulic cushion mechanism to squeeze the water.

The wind-selecting mechanism of the sorting apparatus is provided with a hole that becomes larger toward the rear around a rotating drum that is installed at an angle, and a baffle plate that faces toward the center is provided inside the periphery.
This is a structure in which the dust sent into the inside of the drum is dispersed, and light plastics are blown out by blowing air from a blower provided in front of the drum. This is a configuration in which a collecting machine is installed in the wind selecting mechanism, a washing machine that collects plastics and uses them as raw materials for reuse, and a compression device are provided.

In the incinerator, the waste gas of the waste gas treatment device is fed from the incinerator port to dry the waste. The waste water treatment circulation device is configured to collect waste water from the classification water tank, the compression mechanism, and the washer of the waste gas treatment device, purify it, pipe it, and reuse it.

[0014]

According to the present invention, the combustible waste thrown into the sorting apparatus 1 is sprayed with water by the sprinkler 41 in the collection tank 11, and the cutting mechanism 12 tears the bag into pieces. Only the garbage inside is taken out, and the sorting water tank 13 sinks metal, glass, and debris, etc., which have a large specific gravity in the garbage and are mostly incombustible, are removed by the first transport mechanism 132, and float on the water surface. The second transport mechanism 14 sends out the waste, the third transport mechanism 15 sends out a fixed amount, the compression mechanism 16 squeezes out the water, and the waste compressed by the wind selecting mechanism 17 is rotated in the rotary drum 174. The light plastic bags and the like are blown out by the wind to be collected, and only the remaining combustible waste is sent to the incinerator 2 for incineration.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A detailed embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, along with the construction of a refuse incineration system and a method of carrying out the same. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the refuse incineration processing apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 1, combustible waste carried by a garbage carrier is put into a collection tank 11 of the sorting apparatus 1 of the refuse incineration processing apparatus. The sprinkler 41 is provided at the top of the collection tank 11.
It is equipped with a sprinkler that sprinkles the dust that has been thrown in so that it does not scatter and sends it to the bottom.

At the outlet end of the bottom of the collection tank 11, there is provided a cutting mechanism 12 whose cross-sectional view is shown in FIG. 2 and whose plan view is shown in FIG. The cutting mechanism 12 is provided with two sets of cross-shaped cutter knives 121 and 122 which rotate in opposite directions and have a crescent shape.
Numerals 21 and 122 are those which have a proper interval without the knives sticking to each other, and do not crush the dust, but crush it to a distance equal to or less than the interval between the intersecting knives of the cutter knives 121 and 122, and other purposes are made of plastic. This is to cut the plastic bag from the garbage put in the garbage bag, crush the garbage inside into small pieces, and scatter it into the lower part of the cutting mechanism 12.

On the other hand, the cut open plastic bag has good stretchability, so that it is not cut by the cutting mechanism 12 and caught by the cutter knives 121, 122 and hangs or hangs.
Cutter knife 12 on the right side of the cutter knife 121
It rotates in the same direction as 2, and is scraped and collected by a scraping bar 123 that is in close contact with the lower end of the cutter knife 121.

Below the cutting mechanism 12, there is a sorting tank 13 filled with water, which is shown in a three-dimensional view in FIG. The sorting water tank 13 has a slanted bottom, and a portion directly below the cutting mechanism 12 is shallow, the rear is gradually deeper, and the deepest portion of the tip is a precipitation area 131. From the bottom of the settling area 131, a first transport mechanism 132 of a conveyor is formed which is inclined to one of the sorting water tanks 13 and extends upward.

The dust that has dropped to the bottom of the cutting mechanism 12 falls into the water in the sorting water tank 13. Classification tank 13
The waste that falls on the ground is classified by utilizing the buoyancy of water according to the difference in specific gravity. Most of the waste that sinks in water with a large specific gravity is non-combustible materials such as metals, glasses and debris. And settling area 131 along the bottom slope
Are collected at the bottom of the sedimentation area 131 and are transported to another place by the first transportation mechanism 132 from the bottom of the sedimentation area 131 and sorted.

Three sets of shafts that rotate in the same direction by a rotation driving device (not shown) are arranged side by side on the water surface slightly above the water surface of the classification water tank 13, and the front shaft 141 and the center shaft 143 have spaced tips. Numerous scratching claws 1 long enough to penetrate water
The second transport mechanism 14 is provided with 42 and 144, which has a uniform width of the entire water tank with no space on the rear shaft 145, and a scraping plate 146 having a length such that the tip also enters the water. Shafts with scraping claws are not limited to two sets;
One set or several sets may be installed depending on the size.

Since most of the dust that has fallen into the classification water tank 13 and floated on the water surface is combustible material, this combustible waste is the second type.
Since the transport mechanism 14 rotates in the direction of moving the water surface backward, the scraping claws 142, 144 sequentially scrape the dust floating on the water surface to move it to the rear of the sorting water tank 13, and also the sorting water tank. The water of 13 as a whole flows backward. The garbage moves backward on the water surface of the sorting water tank 13 and is struck by the scraping claws 142 and 144, so that the water-soluble material of the garbage is washed, the material having a large specific gravity is precipitated, and the floating garbage is soaked in water. Softened.

At the rear end of the sorting water tank 13, the tip enters below the water surface of the sorting water tank 13, and the net conveyor 151 that cuts and sends out the water of the refuse to be sent, and behind the net conveyor 151, the compression mechanism 16 described later. The delivery conveyor 152 is configured to feed and is slightly inclined, and a vane is provided around the shaft in the upper center of the delivery conveyor 152, and the rotary wheel 153 is provided with the shaft and the vanes rotate in reverse on the delivery conveyor 152. There is a third transport mechanism 15.

The scraping plate 1 floats on the water surface of the classification water tank 13
The water is sent out onto the net conveyor 151 by 46, the water returns from the net to the sorting water tank 13, and the drained dust is dropped and sent out onto the sending conveyor 152 of the third transport mechanism 15. As the rotating wheel 153 rotates in the reverse direction on the delivery conveyor 152, a certain amount of dust trapped between the blades is scraped off, the transport amount is controlled, and the dust is delivered to the rear end of the third transport mechanism 15. .

A two-stage compression mechanism 16 is provided behind the third transportation mechanism 15. As shown in the transverse sectional view of FIG. 5, the compression mechanism 16 includes rollers 161, 162, 163 whose axes of three rollers are located at the vertices of a substantially equilateral triangle, and between the front lower roller 161 and the upper roller 162. Is wider than the distance between the rear lower roller 163 and the upper roller 162, and the upper roller 162 is provided with a hydraulic cushion mechanism 164.
It is designed to move up and down according to the situation in which dust is compressed, so that it is not forced to compress particularly hard objects. The front lower roller 161 and the rear lower roller 163 rotate clockwise, the upper roller 162 rotates counterclockwise, and a drain outlet 165 for collecting water is provided below the rollers. The compression mechanism 16 is not limited to two stages, but may be one stage, depending on the situation.
Also, several stages may be connected.

The dust sent to the rear end of the third transport mechanism 15 collects in front of the compression mechanism 16 and is sucked between the front lower roller 161 and the upper roller 162 as the front lower roller 161 and the upper roller 162 rotate. The water is compressed by the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cushion mechanism 164 and the water is squeezed.
5, the second lower compression mechanism 1 continues to be further compressed by the rear lower roller 163 and the upper roller 162.
6 and is compressed by the same operation.

A wind selecting mechanism 17 is provided behind the compression mechanism 16. The wind selecting mechanism 17 is shown in a lateral view in FIG. 6 and in FIG.
As shown in the AA cross-sectional view of FIG.
And a blower 173 located in front of the front opening of the rotary drum 174 and blowing air into the rotary drum 174. The rotating drum 174 has a cylindrical shape, the front surface thereof is an opening for taking in dust, and a large number of sieving holes 171 are provided around the cylinder.
1 is opened so as to be gradually larger from the front to the rear, and a large number of baffle plates 172 protruding from the periphery toward the center of the cylinder are provided inside the periphery of the rotary drum 174.
The rear end of the rotary drum 174 is an opening for discharging dust. The collector 6 is installed below the wind selecting mechanism 17.

The dust compressed by the compression mechanism 16 is
The air is sent into the rotary drum 174 by the blower 173 from the front opening of the rotary drum 174 of the wind selecting mechanism 17. The refuse is sent backward in the rotating drum 174 with inclination, and is scraped by the rotation of the rotating drum 174.
The dust compressed by the internal baffle 172 is spread and dispersed, and the light plate-like or thin film-like plastics are blown out by the wind blown into the rotating drum 174 by the blower 173, and the rotating drum 174.
From the sieving hole 171 formed in the periphery to the rotating drum 174
It is discharged to the outside and collected by the collecting machine 6.

The dust dispersed and remaining in the rotary drum 174 is sent to the rear along with the inclination, and the fourth transport mechanism 18 installed behind the wind selecting mechanism 17 through the rear end opening incinerates the incinerator 2. Sent in. As shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, the incinerator 2 has an incinerator inlet communicating with the fourth transport mechanism 18, an ash dust outlet 21 at the bottom end, and an inclined combustion section 2
2. A waste gas treatment device 3 communicating from above, and a washer 31, a dust collector 32, and a chimney 33 are continuously installed in the waste gas treatment device 3. A waste gas pull-back pipe 34 is provided between the washer 31 and the dust collector 32, and is opened at the inlet of the incinerator 2 to dry the dust and send in hot air that aids combustion. Moreover, since the waste gas maintains a high temperature of about 200 ° C., it can be used as a heat source for heating or the like.

A wastewater treatment circulation device 4 is provided in the lower part of the incinerator 2, and wastewater from the classification water tank 13, the compression mechanism 16, the washer 31, the washer 5 and the like is collected by a drain pipe 42, purified and treated to form a purified water pipe 43. With sprinkler 41, classification water tank 13, washing machine 3
1 and the washing machine 5 described later, etc., and repeatedly used. A collector 6 for collecting the light plastics blown out from the rotary drum 174 is provided below the wind selecting mechanism 17, and is transferred by the rotary blades 52 inside the washer 5 filled with water provided below the collector 6. While being cleaned, the transportation device 5
3 is sent to the compression device 51, compressed and taken out, and becomes a raw material for reuse of plastics.

[0030]

Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, since the waste incineration processing device is provided with a classification device, incombustible substances contained in combustible waste and those which should not be burned are completely separated, so that the waste is burned completely. As a result, the amount of ash dust is minimized, the amount of ash dust is 25% or less of the original trash, there is no problem of landfill treatment of ash dust, and the ash dust has the effect of being usable as an organic fertilizer.

The classification water tank provided in the classification device is an effective device that can easily classify wastes having different specific gravities by utilizing the buoyancy of water, and can completely separate incombustible substances having a large specific gravity. Exhibits excellent effects that can be achieved. By the cutting mechanism, the wind selection mechanism and the collecting machine installed in the sorting device,
Since plastics can be separated, collected, and used as a raw material for reuse, plastics are not incinerated, so no harmful waste gas is generated, and a molten solution of plastics is generated. Since there is no such thing, there is an effect that a clean and complete incineration process of garbage can be performed without hindering the air flow in the incinerator.

By the compression mechanism and the air-selection mechanism provided in the sorting apparatus, the moisture of the waste that has been soaked in the sorting water tank and softened is completely squeezed, the waste is dispersed and put into the incinerator, and the waste gas pullback pipe is installed. Since the hot air from the waste gas is fed from the furnace port to dry the waste, the temperature of the incinerator does not decrease, the waste is very easy to burn, and it is not necessary to add oil for supporting combustion. Since it is completely incinerated, it can be incinerated at a low cost and has a great economic effect.

Since a wastewater treatment circulation device is provided and the wastewater of the sorting device, the washing machine and the like is purified and reused, the water can be effectively used and the waste gas treatment can be performed without causing the problem of wastewater pollution. In addition, the problem of environmental pollution does not occur.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the cutting mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a sorting water tank, a first transportation mechanism, a second transportation mechanism, and a net conveyor according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the compression mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the wind selecting mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 6 of the wind selecting mechanism of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Classification Device 11 Collection Tank 12 Cutting Mechanism 13 Classification Water Tank 14 Second Transportation Mechanism 15 Third Transportation Mechanism 16 Compression Mechanism 17 Wind Selection Mechanism 174 Rotating Drum 2 Incinerator 3 Waste Gas Treatment Device 4 Waste Water Treatment Circulation Device 41 Sprinkler 5 Cleaning Machine 6 Recovery machine

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A waste incineration treatment device, a classification device,
Equipped with an incinerator, a waste gas treatment device, a waste water treatment circulation device, a collection tank that collects and sprinkles dust, a cutting mechanism that crushes dust and cuts waste bags, and a classification that sorts waste by specific gravity Water tank, transport mechanism that transfers dust floating on the water surface in the classification water tank, transport mechanism that transfers a fixed amount of dust, compression mechanism that compresses dust to remove moisture, compressed dust is dispersed into a plate or thin film Equipped with a wind separation mechanism that separates the plastics of the
A refuse incineration system characterized in that incineration can be easily and efficiently processed. 2. The waste incineration treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the collecting tank of the sorting device is provided with a sprinkler device that sprinkles the collected dust and sends it without scattering. 3. The cutting mechanism of the classifying device comprises two sets of crescent-shaped cutter knives which are arranged in an intersecting manner and rotate in mutually opposite directions, the cutter knives are not in close contact with each other, and crush dust and plastics. Open the garbage bag,
The refuse incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the scrap incineration apparatus is provided with a scraping rod that rotates in the same direction and is in close contact with a pair of cutter knives. 4. The sorting water tank of the sorting device has a slanted bottom, a shallow front and a deep sedimentation area at the rear, separates waste having a large specific gravity from the sedimentation area, and discharges the sedimented waste from the bottom of the sedimentation area. The refuse incineration processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste incineration processing apparatus is configured to include a transporting means. 5. A transportation mechanism for transporting dust floating on the water surface in the classification water tank of the classification device is equipped with scraping claws or scraping plates on the front and rear rotating shafts above the water surface, and the tips of the claws and plates are submerged in water. The refuse incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the refuse incineration processing apparatus is provided with a transportation unit that transports the dust floating in the water surface and the water in the water tank to the rear by entering and rotating. 6. A transport mechanism for transporting a certain amount of waste of a sorting device is a net conveyor for draining and sending the waste from the sorting water tank, and a reverse of the upper part of a transport conveyor installed at a slight inclination behind the net conveyor. A blade is provided on the rotating shaft,
The refuse incineration processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a transportation means for capturing and sending out a certain amount of refuse is provided between the blades. 7. The compression mechanism of the classifying device comprises three rollers located at the vertices of a substantially equilateral triangle, the distance between the front lower roller and the upper roller being wider than the distance between the rear lower roller and the upper roller, and a hydraulic cushion mechanism. The waste incineration processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste is compressed between the upper roller and the lower roller, which are provided, and the water is squeezed out. 8. The wind-selecting mechanism of the classifying device is provided with a hole that becomes larger toward the rear in the periphery of a rotating drum that is installed at an inclination, and a baffle plate that faces toward the center is provided inside the periphery of the drum. 2. The waste incineration processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste sent into the container is dispersed, and light plastics are blown out by blowing air from a blower provided in front of the drum. 9. The waste incineration system according to claim 1, wherein the classification device comprises a recovery device installed in the air selection mechanism for recovering plastics, a cleaning device for converting the plastics into a raw material for reuse, and a compression device. Processing equipment. 10. The incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising a structure for feeding waste gas from the waste gas treatment device through an incinerator port to dry the waste in the incinerator. 11. A wastewater treatment circulation device is the classification water tank,
The waste incineration processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein waste water from the washer from the compression mechanism and the waste gas processing apparatus is collected, purified, piped, and reused.