JPH0720865A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily generate a musical sound which is close to the legato of the musical instrument by extracting information which meets specific requirements from musical performance information such as key-ON information and varying a timbre, sound volume, an envelope, etc., when the musical performance information is sounded. CONSTITUTION:A musical performance information input means 20 consists of, for example, a keyboard, a CPU, and a control program and outputs musical performance information such as pitch information, strength information, etc., on a pressed key. A musical sound generating means 30 generates a musical sound through a speaker 11 according to the musical performance information. A musical performance condition detecting means 40 detects whether or not, for example, key-ON information is generated within a specific time after the generation of last key-ON information. When a musical performance condition detecting means 40 detects information (key-ON information) meeting the specific requirements, a musical sound correcting means 50 corrects, for example, the timbre, envelope, sound volume, etc., of the musical sound at the time of the sounding of the musical performance information. The timbre information of a timbre information input means 60 is inputted to the musical sound generating means 30 and musical performance condition detecting means 40.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to electronic musical instruments, and in particular,
The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that can realistically realize a legato playing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an electronic musical instrument such as an electronic piano, there has been proposed a technique for changing the tone color by changing the characteristics of the filter by touching (the strength of key depression) or changing the reading point of the waveform memory. ing. But,
When simulating a stringed instrument that can change the pitch while playing an electronic musical instrument such as a guitar or bass, or a musical instrument such as a saxophone or a trumpet with a drastic change in envelope, there was no way to faithfully reproduce each legato playing method. .

[0003]

In the conventional electronic musical instrument as described above, when playing a portion of the legato playing style, there is only room for devising the touch to weaken the playing technique. Even if you play like this, the volume will decrease and the sounds will not connect smoothly,
There was a problem that the legato playing method could not be faithfully reproduced.

The object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and when simulating the sound of a specific musical instrument in an electronic musical instrument, it is possible to reproduce the sound by the legato playing method of the musical instrument. To provide electronic musical instruments.

[0005]

The present invention is characterized in that the performance information such as key-on information, which meets a specific condition, is extracted and the tone color, volume, envelope, etc. are changed when the performance information is sounded. .

[0006]

According to the present invention, when a condition corresponding to the legato playing style of a particular musical instrument is detected by such means, a tone or envelope can be changed to easily generate a musical tone close to the legato playing style of the instrument. It becomes possible.

[0007]

Embodiments of the electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electronic musical instrument. The CPU 1 controls the entire electronic musical instrument by the program stored in the ROM 2. In addition to the control program, the ROM 2 stores, for example, song data for demo songs, various tone color data, and the like. RA
M3 is used as a work area of the CPU 1, and stores various control data such as a key assignment table and a sound source control information table. The keyboard 4 comprises a plurality of keys having switches and a scan circuit for scanning the key switches under the control of the CPU 1.

The panel 5 has various switches such as a tone color setting switch, a demo song performance switch, a volume for adjusting tempo and volume, or an LED or liquid crystal display device.
Further, it is provided with a scan circuit for reading information of switches and volumes into the CPU 1 and a drive circuit for driving the display device. The timer circuit 6 can measure an arbitrary time and can also obtain time information. The tone generator circuit 7 can generate, for example, independent digital tone signals of 16 channels under the control of the CPU 1. The waveform memory 8 is a memory for storing musical tone waveform information corresponding to various tones, and stores, for example, waveform information of one tone color for a long period from the attack portion to the decay and sustain portions. The D / A converter 9 digital-analog converts the digital signal output from the sound source circuit 7. The amplifier circuit 10 amplifies the analog musical tone signal and is emitted from the speaker 11. Note that the tone signal of the left and right channels may be output from the sound source circuit 7, and two systems of D / A, an amplifier circuit, and a speaker may be provided. The bus 12 connects each circuit of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of the tone generator circuit 7 of FIG. A DCO (Digital Controlled Oscillator) 71 is set with address interval information proportional to the pitch of a generated musical tone from the CPU 1, and sequentially generates address information for reading a waveform from the waveform memory 8.
According to this address information, the waveform memory 8 outputs a musical tone signal having a desired pitch. The DCF (Digital Controlled Filter) 72 is controlled by the CPU 1,
It controls the high cutoff frequency and low cutoff frequency of the musical tone signal that passes through. The DCA (digital controlled amplifier) 73 is composed of, for example, a multiplier, and the DE
The amplitude of the musical tone signal is controlled based on the envelope information generated from G (Digital Envelope Generator) 74. The DEG 74 generates an envelope signal of an arbitrary shape based on a target value such as an attack portion, a decay portion, a sustain portion or the like set by the CPU 1 or a speed parameter.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram for explaining an outline of the present invention implemented by the apparatus and program of FIG. The performance information input means 20 includes, for example, the keyboard 4, the CPU 1 and a control program, and outputs performance information such as pitch information and strength information of the key-on key. The musical sound generating means 30 generates a musical sound from the speaker 11 based on the performance information. The performance condition detecting means 40 is a means for detecting whether or not the generation of the key-on information is within a predetermined time from the previous generation of the key-on information, and various conditions may be combined as described later. . When the performance condition detecting means detects performance information (key-on information) satisfying a predetermined condition, the tone correcting means 50 corrects the tone color, envelope, volume, etc. of the tone when the performance information is sounded. Tone information input means 60
Is, for example, a tone color setting switch of the panel, and the tone color information is input to the musical tone generating means 30 and also to the performance condition detecting means, and the judgment is made by a different method depending on the tone color. By such means, the present invention makes it possible to faithfully reproduce, for example, the legato playing style of a specific musical instrument.

Next, the details of the processing of the CPU will be described.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the main processing of the CPU 1. When the power of the electronic musical instrument is turned on, various hardware, data in the memory, etc. are initialized in step S1. In step S2, the keyboard is scanned to see if there is any key-on or key-off change. Step S2
If a changed one is detected in step S3,
If the key is turned on, the key is assigned to an empty channel of the tone generator circuit, and if the key is turned off, the already assigned channel is released, so-called key assignment processing is performed. In step S4, it is checked whether or not there is a change in the panel switch or the like, and if there is a change, the process proceeds to step S5. In step S5, a process corresponding to the changed switch or the like is performed. In step S6, the tone generator circuit is actually controlled by the key assignment process, the panel process, the effect addition process, or the like, for those that need to control the tone generator circuit.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing an example of the key assign process in step S3 of FIG. The process of this flowchart is particularly suitable for simulating a stringed instrument such as a guitar or a bass. Step S1
At 0, it is checked whether or not it is key-on. If it is not key-on, the process proceeds to step S20, and the normal key-off process is performed, but if it is key-on, the process proceeds to step S11. In step S11, by a well-known key assignment process, an empty sound source channel is
The tone generation corresponding to the key-on key is assigned. In step S12, the difference between the key number of the key-on information assigned in step S11 and the key number of the immediately preceding key-on information is obtained.

In step S13, step S1
It is checked whether the difference obtained in 2 is within a predetermined range,
If the difference is larger than the predetermined range, the normal tone generation processing is performed. Then, the process proceeds to step S18, and data is set in the tone generator control area so that the waveform is read from the beginning of the waveform memory (actual tone generator circuit control This is performed in step S6 of FIG. 4). Further, in step S19,
Normal envelope parameters are set in the sound source control area.

If the difference is within the predetermined range in step S13, the process proceeds to step S14. In step S14, it is checked whether or not the foot pedal that is the mode switching means is on. If it is not on, the process proceeds to step S18, but if it is on, the process proceeds to step S15. In step S15, it is checked whether or not another key is already on, and if there is no other key-on, the process proceeds to step S18. If there is another key-on, the legato tone generation process is performed. , And proceeds to step S16.

In step S16, data is set in the sound source control area so that the waveform is read out from the middle of the waveform memory. The waveform information in the waveform memory contains a lot of harmonic components in the attack part at the beginning, and the proportion of the fundamental wave component becomes higher toward the rear part. Since it has the same tone as, the tone changes smoothly. Step S17
In FIG. 6, instead of a normal envelope as shown in FIG. 6A, for example, an envelope without an attack portion is set as shown in FIG. 6B.

In the case of a stringed instrument, in order to perform a legato playing method in which the fingers are gradually moved while playing the same string, one of the conditions is that the change in pitch is within a predetermined range as described above. This makes it possible to obtain a tone change close to that of an actual legato performance. As described above, when simulating a specific musical instrument, a specific condition of the performance is detected, and when the condition is satisfied, anyone can easily modify the tone color or envelope of the musical tone signal. You can reproduce the legato playing style.

Next, a second embodiment will be described. Figure 7
3 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of the present invention. As described above, the optimal determination condition for legato differs depending on the type of musical instrument, that is, the tone color. In the present embodiment, the legato determination method is changed depending on the tone color. In step S30, it is checked whether or not the key is on. If it is not key on, the process proceeds to step S41, and the normal key off process is performed, but if it is key on, the process proceeds to step S31. Step S31
In 1, the generation of a musical sound corresponding to the key-on key is assigned to the vacant sound source channel by the well-known key assignment processing.

In step S32, it is checked whether or not the tone color setting is a string instrument such as a guitar or a bass. If the tone color setting is a string instrument, the process proceeds to step S36, but if not, step S33. Move to. In step S33, it is checked whether or not the timbre is a wind instrument such as a saxophone or a trumpet, and if so, the process proceeds to step S34. If not, the process proceeds to step S35.

In step S34, a legato determination process most suitable for a wind instrument such as a saxophone or a trumpet whose envelope changes greatly. In the legato playing method for wind instruments, the pitch usually changes at a very fast speed. Therefore, for example, it is conceivable to change the timbre on the condition that the time difference from the immediately preceding key-on is within a predetermined value and the foot pedal is on.

On the other hand, in step S36, a legato determination process suitable for a stringed instrument is performed. As an example,
The processing from step S12 to step S15 in FIG. 5 can be mentioned. In step S35, the legato determination process for other musical instruments (timbres) is performed. As an example, 1
The legato tone color is changed on condition that the time difference and pitch difference from the previous key-on are within predetermined values, and some keys are already on, and the pedal is on. Steps S37 to S41 are the same as steps S16 to S20 of FIG. By changing the legato determination condition according to the tone color of the designated musical instrument in this way, it becomes possible to obtain a tone color change close to that of a live performance of each musical instrument.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a third embodiment of the legato determination processing part of FIG. Like the second embodiment, this embodiment changes the legato determination condition according to the tone color, but the processing method is different.
In this embodiment, paying attention to the fact that the legato determination is performed by the logical product of the respective conditions, the unnecessary condition is to set the value to be compared to a value that always satisfies the condition, or By setting the output to 1, the determination condition is changed, and the determination condition is changed only by setting the parameter without changing the process.

In FIG. 8, in step S50, the parameters are read from the legato determination parameter table as shown in FIG. 9 based on the tone color information. In step S51, a key number, that is, a pitch difference from the immediately preceding key-on is calculated. In step S52, the difference obtained in step S51 is compared with the range parameter of the difference between the key numbers read in step S50. For example, when the timbre is a wind instrument, the range parameter of the key number difference in the table of FIG. 9 is ± MAX.
(Larger than the maximum possible difference).
Therefore, the determination result of step S52 is always YES.
In other words, the condition of this pitch difference is the same as not being judged.

In step S53, the time difference from the immediately preceding key-on is obtained, and in step S54, the difference obtained in step S53 is compared with the upper limit parameter of the time difference read in step S50. For example, when the tone color is a wind instrument, the upper limit parameter of the time difference in the table of FIG. 9 is T1. Therefore, if the time difference is smaller than T1, the process proceeds to step S55,
If it is larger, the process moves to point N, and the process moves to step S18 in FIG. Therefore, the condition of this time difference is judged.

In step S55, step S5
It is checked whether or not the pedal parameter read out at 0 is 1, and if 1 the process proceeds to step S56 to adopt the pedal information, but if 0 then the process proceeds to step S57 when the pedal is on. Unconditionally move to. That is, if the parameter is 0, the pedal condition is not considered. In step S56, it is checked whether or not the pedal is turned on. If the pedal is turned on, the process proceeds to step S57, but if it is off, the process proceeds to point N.

In step S57, step S5
Whether or not the other key-on parameter read at 0 is 1 is checked. If 1 is selected, the process proceeds to step S58 to adopt other key-on information, but if 0, another key-on is performed. If there is something left, it moves unconditionally to the Y point. In step S58,
It is checked whether there is any other key-on,
If there is, it moves to the Y point, but if there is not, it moves to the N point. According to such a process, it is not necessary to change the process for each tone color, and various tone colors can be dealt with only by changing the parameters. Further, if the value in the parameter table can be set arbitrarily from the panel or the like, the user can set any legato determination condition.

Although the embodiment has been described above, the following modifications are also possible. For how to combine the conditions,
In the third embodiment, the logical product of all the conditions is shown. However, for example, is there another key-on?
Alternatively, it may be possible to take a logical sum of each condition such as when the pedal is turned on or the time difference is within a predetermined value. Therefore, if a plurality of sets of logical product determination processing of FIG. 8 are prepared, determination is made with different parameters, and the results are ORed, an arbitrary logical expression (logical combination) of a plurality of conditions is possible. is there.

The tone color control has shown the method of changing the read-out point of the waveform, but the DCF is suitable for the legato when the touch change or the difference between the attack part and the sustain part is produced by controlling the DCF. It may be controlled so that the tone color is obtained. It is also possible to separately prepare a legato waveform in the waveform memory.

[0028]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. 1. When a condition corresponding to the legato playing style of a particular musical instrument is detected, it is possible to easily generate a musical tone close to the legato playing style of the musical instrument by changing the tone color and the envelope. 2. Only by adding a control program, the hardware can be realized in the same manner as the conventional one.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a structure of a tone generator circuit.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram for explaining an outline of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a main process of a CPU.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing details of key assignment processing.

FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing an envelope waveform.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing another example of key assign processing.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing another example of legato determination processing.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a determination parameter table.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... CPU, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... Keyboard, 5 ... Panel, 6 ... Timer circuit, 7 ... Sound source circuit, 8 ...
Waveform memory, 9 ... D / A converter, 10 ... Amplifier, 11 ...
Speaker, 12 ... Bass, 71 ... DCO, 72 ... DCF,
73 ... DCA, 74 ... DEG

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An electronic musical instrument having a performance information input means and a musical tone generation means, and whether or not the difference between the pitch information of the input performance information and the preceding pitch information is within a predetermined value. And a tone correction means for changing at least one of the tone color, volume and envelope of the tone signal generated by the tone generating means in accordance with the output of the playing condition detecting means. An electronic musical instrument characterized by that. 2. An electronic musical instrument having performance information input means and musical tone generation means, wherein tone color information input means and musical tone information are modified by different judgment methods corresponding to the tone color information. A performance condition detecting means for determining whether or not there is a tone condition correcting means for changing at least one of the tone color, volume and envelope of the tone signal generated from the tone generating means in accordance with the output of the performance condition detecting means. An electronic musical instrument characterized by having. 3. In the case of a tone color of a stringed instrument, at least the time difference between the input performance information and the previous performance information is within a predetermined value, and the performance information is input. When the tone is played, the condition for tone correction is that there is already playing information, and in the case of the tone color of a wind instrument, at least the difference between the pitch information of the input performance information and the previous pitch information is The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that is within a predetermined value. 4. A mode detecting means for detecting whether or not the mode switching means is operated is provided, and the performance condition detecting means carries out a judgment process only when the mode switching means is operated. The electronic musical instrument according to any one of Items 1 to 3. 5. The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the musical tone changing means causes at least one of a tone color, a volume and an envelope to start sounding from a portion corresponding to a sustain portion. .