JPH07195055A - Melt solidification method of waste incineration ash - Google Patents
Melt solidification method of waste incineration ashInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07195055A JPH07195055A JP6000416A JP41694A JPH07195055A JP H07195055 A JPH07195055 A JP H07195055A JP 6000416 A JP6000416 A JP 6000416A JP 41694 A JP41694 A JP 41694A JP H07195055 A JPH07195055 A JP H07195055A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- waste incineration
- incineration ash
- sio
- melting
- sio2
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 13
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 7
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 7
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 7
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 7
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 abstract 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Na and K Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、廃棄物処理場の焼却炉
から発生する廃棄物焼却灰の溶融固化方法に関するもの
である。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for melting and solidifying waste incineration ash generated from an incinerator in a waste treatment plant.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、ゴミ処理場の焼却炉から発生す
る飛灰等の廃棄物焼却灰は、Zn：数千〜数万ppm 、Pb：
数百〜数千ppm 、トータルCr：100 〜2000ppm 、Cd：50
〜数百ppm 等の有害重金属を高濃度に含有している。こ
の廃棄物焼却灰を従来法により溶融処理する場合には、
1400〜1600℃の温度で溶融するため、Zn：70％以上、P
b：90％以上、トータルCr：30％以上、Cd：90％以上と
いうように大部分が揮散してしまう。2. Description of the Related Art For example, waste incineration ash such as fly ash generated from an incinerator at a garbage disposal site has Zn: thousands to tens of thousands ppm, Pb:
Hundreds to thousands of ppm, total Cr: 100 to 2000 ppm, Cd: 50
~ Containing harmful heavy metals such as several hundred ppm in high concentration. When melting this waste incineration ash by the conventional method,
Since it melts at a temperature of 1400 to 1600 ℃, Zn: 70% or more, P
b: 90% or more, total Cr: 30% or more, Cd: 90% or more, and most of it volatilizes.
【０００３】このように揮散した重金属類は、溶融炉の
後段で溶融飛灰として補集され、セメント固化、キレー
ト固化など別途二次処理により処分されている。しかし
セメント固化を行うと処理前と比較して処理物が増量
し、溶融処理の特長の一つである減容効果が生かされな
いこととなる。また溶融処理設備の他に、二次処理設備
が必要となるという問題がある。The heavy metals thus volatilized are collected as molten fly ash in the latter stage of the melting furnace, and are separately disposed of by secondary treatment such as cement solidification and chelate solidification. However, when the cement is solidified, the amount of the treated material is increased as compared with that before the treatment, and the volume reduction effect, which is one of the features of the melting treatment, cannot be utilized. Further, there is a problem that a secondary treatment equipment is required in addition to the melt treatment equipment.
【０００４】このほか、廃棄物焼却灰を電気溶融炉で溶
融処理し、その液面に形成されるNaCl系の溶融塩層に重
金属を捕捉させる方法も知られている。しかしその結果
得られた溶融塩スラグは溶出試験をクリアすることがで
きないので、その後の処分が問題となる。さらにこの溶
融塩層による炉体の損耗が激しいという問題もある。In addition, there is also known a method of melting waste incineration ash in an electric melting furnace to capture heavy metals in a NaCl-based molten salt layer formed on the liquid surface of the ash. However, since the molten salt slag obtained as a result cannot pass the dissolution test, subsequent disposal becomes a problem. Further, there is a problem that the molten salt layer causes severe wear of the furnace body.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記した従来
の問題点を解決し、重金属類を封じ込めたまま廃棄物焼
却灰を溶融固化し、安定なスラグとすることができる廃
棄物焼却灰の溶融固化方法を提供するためになされたも
のである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and provides a waste incineration ash capable of forming a stable slag by melting and solidifying waste incineration ash while containing heavy metals. It was made to provide a melting and solidifying method.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めになされた本発明は、廃棄物焼却灰にその20〜40％の
SiO2系吸着剤と水とを加えて脱塩処理したのち脱水し、
これにSiO2および融点降下剤を混合してSiO2/(廃棄物焼
却灰＋SiO2系吸着剤＋SiO2) ＝40〜60％、水分30％以下
に調整し、これを誘導加熱炉により溶融し固化すること
を特徴とするものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, provides waste incineration ash of 20 to 40% thereof.
After adding a SiO 2 -based adsorbent and water for desalination, dehydration,
SiO 2 and melting point depressant are mixed with this to adjust to SiO 2 / (waste incineration ash + SiO 2 -based adsorbent + SiO 2 ) = 40-60%, water content 30% or less, and melt this with an induction heating furnace. It is characterized by solidifying.
【０００７】図１に示すように、本発明ではまず廃棄物
焼却灰にSiO2系吸着剤と水とを加えて脱塩処理を行う。
これは廃棄物焼却灰中にはNa、K 等のアルカリ金属の他
にClが１〜20％程度含まれているために、廃棄物焼却灰
をそのまま溶融するとKCl 、NaClなどのCl系の溶融塩が
溶融炉内で生成され、炉の耐火物の寿命を縮めること、
処分に困る溶融塩スラグが発生してしまうこと、Clによ
って重金属類が低沸点の塩化物となり、重金属類の揮散
が促進されることなどの問題があるためである。そこで
本発明では脱塩処理により塩素量を0.01〜５％程度と
し、Cl系の溶融塩の生成と重金属類の塩化物化を防止す
る。As shown in FIG. 1, in the present invention, a desalting process is first carried out by adding a SiO 2 adsorbent and water to waste incineration ash.
This is because the waste incineration ash contains about 1 to 20% of Cl in addition to the alkali metals such as Na and K, so if the waste incineration ash is melted as it is, Cl-based melting such as KCl and NaCl. Salt is produced in the melting furnace, shortening the life of the refractory in the furnace,
This is because there are problems such as the generation of molten salt slag, which is difficult to dispose, and the heavy metals becoming chlorides having a low boiling point due to Cl, which promotes the volatilization of heavy metals. Therefore, in the present invention, the amount of chlorine is adjusted to about 0.01 to 5% by desalting treatment to prevent the formation of Cl-based molten salt and the chlorination of heavy metals.
【０００８】脱塩処理は、廃棄物焼却灰とSiO2系吸着剤
とを水中に投じて0.5 〜１時間攪拌混合し、Clを始めN
a、K 等の塩類の除去を行う。このとき廃棄物焼却灰中
に含有される重金属類が液側に移行しないように、SiO2
系吸着剤により重金属類を吸着させる。廃棄物焼却灰中
に含まれる主な重金属であるZn、Pb、トータルCr、Cdの
合計量は一般的に数百〜数％であり、これを完全に吸着
させるために廃棄物焼却灰の重量の20〜40％のSiO2系吸
着剤を用いる。ここでSiO2系吸着剤の量が20％未満であ
ると、廃棄物焼却灰中の重金属類の10％以上が液側に移
行してしまう。また40％を越えても吸着効果に差が見ら
れなくなる。なお、SiO2系吸着剤としては後の固液分離
が容易なように、粒状またはペレット状としたものを使
用することが好ましい。In the desalination treatment, the waste incineration ash and the SiO 2 -based adsorbent are poured into water and mixed by stirring for 0.5 to 1 hour, and Cl and N are added.
Remove salts such as a and K. At this time, in order to prevent the heavy metals contained in the waste incineration ash from migrating to the liquid side, SiO 2
Heavy metals are adsorbed by a system adsorbent. The total amount of Zn, Pb, total Cr, and Cd, which are the main heavy metals contained in the waste incineration ash, is generally several hundred to several percent. 20 to 40% of SiO 2 based adsorbent is used. Here, if the amount of SiO 2 -based adsorbent is less than 20%, 10% or more of the heavy metals in the waste incineration ash will migrate to the liquid side. Also, even if it exceeds 40%, the difference in adsorption effect is not seen. As the SiO 2 -based adsorbent, it is preferable to use a granular or pelletized one so that the solid-liquid separation can be easily performed later.
【０００９】廃棄物焼却灰を水中で混合し易いように、
廃棄物焼却灰と水との固液比は1:3 〜1:7 程度に設定す
ることが好ましい。十分に攪拌した後、これを固液分離
機により脱水してClを大量に含む洗浄液と、廃棄物焼却
灰＋SiO2系吸着剤に分離する。脱水された廃棄物焼却灰
＋SiO2系吸着剤は後段において一緒に溶融処理される。
SiO2系吸着剤はガラスの網目形成剤であるSiO2を主成分
とするため、溶融処理すると重金属類はガラスの網目構
造中に取り込まれ、安定したガラス固化体となる。SiO2
系吸着剤の代表的なものとしてゼオライトを使用するこ
とができる。In order to easily mix the waste incineration ash in water,
The solid-liquid ratio of waste incineration ash and water is preferably set to about 1: 3 to 1: 7. After sufficient stirring, this is dehydrated by a solid-liquid separator to separate into a cleaning liquid containing a large amount of Cl and waste incineration ash + SiO 2 -based adsorbent. The dehydrated waste incineration ash and SiO 2 -based adsorbent are melt-processed together in the latter stage.
Since SiO 2 based adsorbent is composed mainly of SiO 2 is a network former of the glass, heavy metals when molten processed is incorporated into the network structure of the glass, a stable vitrified. SiO 2
Zeolite can be used as a typical adsorbent.
【００１０】上記の脱塩処理工程から発生する脱水廃液
は、Clを大量に含むとともにNa、K 等をも含む非常にア
ルカリ性の強い液体である。そこで廃棄物焼却灰あるい
はSiO2リッチな溶融スラグを、この脱水廃液とともに例
えば100 ℃で７時間水熱合成することにより、ゼオライ
ト等のSiO2系吸着剤を生成することができる。このSiO2
系吸着剤は脱塩処理に使用され、またこれにより脱水廃
液の有効利用が可能となる。The dehydrated waste liquid generated from the above desalting treatment step is a highly alkaline liquid containing a large amount of Cl and also containing Na, K and the like. Then, the waste incineration ash or the SiO 2 -rich molten slag is hydrothermally synthesized with the dehydrated waste liquid at, for example, 100 ° C. for 7 hours to produce an SiO 2 -based adsorbent such as zeolite. This SiO 2
The system adsorbent is used for desalination treatment, and this enables effective use of the dehydrated waste liquid.
【００１１】脱水された廃棄物焼却灰＋SiO2系吸着剤は
必要に応じて乾燥され、SiO2および融点降下剤を混合さ
れる。SiO2は重金属類をガラス構造中に取り込んだ安定
したガラス固化体を得るためのものである。その添加量
は、SiO2/(廃棄物焼却灰＋SiO2系吸着剤＋SiO2) ＝40〜
60重量％となるように決定する。SiO2が40％未満である
と溶融により得られるガラス固化体が化学的に脆くなっ
て安定したガラス固化体とならず、逆に60％を越えると
融点が高くなって流動性が低下し、溶融炉の操作性が低
下してしまう。The dehydrated waste incineration ash + SiO 2 type adsorbent is dried if necessary, and SiO 2 and a melting point depressant are mixed. SiO 2 is for obtaining a stable vitrified body in which heavy metals are incorporated in the glass structure. The addition amount is SiO 2 / (waste incineration ash + SiO 2 -based adsorbent + SiO 2 ) = 40 ~
Determine to be 60% by weight. When SiO 2 is less than 40%, the vitrified product obtained by melting becomes chemically brittle and does not become a stable vitrified product. On the contrary, when it exceeds 60%, the melting point increases and the fluidity decreases, The operability of the melting furnace is reduced.
【００１２】また融点降下剤は溶融温度を低下させて溶
融を促進するとともに、重金属類の飛散を抑制するため
のものである。この融点降下剤としてはNa2CO3、NaNO3
等の溶融塩を使用することが好ましい。Na2CO3は融点降
下効果および侵食性がゆるやかであり、NaNO3 は融点降
下効果および侵食性が顕著である。このため、Na2CO3は
SiO2重量の20〜25％程度添加することが好ましく、NaNO
3 はSiO2重量の10〜15％程度とすることが好ましい。The melting point depressant is for lowering the melting temperature to accelerate the melting and to suppress the scattering of heavy metals. The melting point depressant is Na 2 CO 3 , NaNO 3
It is preferable to use a molten salt such as Na 2 CO 3 has a mild melting point lowering effect and erosiveness, and NaNO 3 has a remarkable melting point lowering effect and erosiveness. Therefore, Na 2 CO 3
It is preferable to add about 20 to 25% by weight of SiO 2 ,
3 is preferably about 10 to 15% by weight of SiO 2 .
【００１３】このようにしてSiO2および融点降下剤を混
合された廃棄物焼却灰＋SiO2系吸着剤は、水分を30％以
下とした状態でSiC 系るつぼに収納され、図２に示すよ
うな誘導加熱炉で溶融される。ここで水分が30％を越え
ると、高温のるつぼとの接触が危険となる。SiC 系るつ
ぼ１は溶融塩に対する耐食性に非常に優れているため
に、損耗が少ない利点がある。また誘導加熱炉は炉体２
や電極３の損耗がなく、るつぼが損耗したときにはるつ
ぼの交換のみで済むため、炉の修復が非常に容易とな
る。さらに容易に還元雰囲気とすることができるため、
溶融物中の金属類の還元除去も可能である。The waste incineration ash + SiO 2 type adsorbent thus mixed with SiO 2 and the melting point depressant is stored in a SiC type crucible with a water content of 30% or less, as shown in FIG. It is melted in an induction heating furnace. If the water content exceeds 30%, contact with a hot crucible becomes dangerous. Since the SiC-based crucible 1 has extremely excellent corrosion resistance against molten salt, it has an advantage of being less worn. The induction heating furnace is a furnace body 2
There is no wear of the electrode 3 and the electrode 3, and when the crucible is worn, only the crucible needs to be replaced, so that the furnace can be repaired very easily. Since it is easier to create a reducing atmosphere,
It is also possible to reduce and remove metals in the melt.
【００１４】図２に示すように、溶融するとるつぼ中の
下部には重金属類が多量に含まれているガラスの溶融層
４ができ、中段に廃棄物焼却灰に添加した溶融塩（融点
降下剤）の層５が比重の差により分離している。この溶
融塩の層５が最上部を覆う被溶融物の層６の溶融を促進
し、低温での溶融を可能としている。このようにして溶
融を行った後、溶融物は冷却固化されガラス固化体とし
て取り出される。As shown in FIG. 2, when melted, a molten layer 4 of glass containing a large amount of heavy metals is formed in the lower part of the crucible. The layers 5 of 1) are separated by the difference in specific gravity. This layer 5 of molten salt promotes the melting of the layer 6 of the material to be melted covering the uppermost portion and enables melting at a low temperature. After melting in this way, the melt is cooled and solidified and taken out as a vitrified body.
【００１５】[0015]
【作用】本発明の廃棄物焼却灰の溶融固化方法によれ
ば、有害重金属の飛散を抑制しつつその大部分をガラス
固化体中に安定して捕捉させることができる。このガラ
ス固化体は溶出試験の結果、埋め立て等の処理基準を満
足していることが確認された。また重金属類の捕捉率
は、Zn：60〜95％、Pb：60〜99％、トータルCr：80〜99
％、Cd：60〜95％程度となる。このようにガラス固化体
中に多量に重金属類を捕捉させることができるので、溶
融時に生ずる溶融飛灰もリターンさせて再度溶融するこ
とにより、系内濃縮されることなく処理することができ
る。このため、従来のような溶融飛灰のセメント固化や
キレート固化などの二次処理が不要となる。以下に本発
明を図示の実施例により更に詳細に説明する。According to the method of melting and solidifying waste incineration ash of the present invention, most of the harmful heavy metals can be stably captured in the vitrified body while suppressing the scattering of harmful heavy metals. As a result of the elution test, it was confirmed that this vitrified product satisfied the processing standards such as landfill. The trapping rate of heavy metals is Zn: 60-95%, Pb: 60-99%, total Cr: 80-99%.
%, Cd: about 60 to 95%. Since a large amount of heavy metals can be captured in the vitrified body in this manner, the fly ash generated during melting can also be returned and melted again, so that it can be treated without being concentrated in the system. For this reason, it is not necessary to carry out a secondary treatment such as cement solidification or chelate solidification of the molten fly ash as in the past. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】実施例はゴミ焼却設備の集塵装置により補集
された廃棄物焼却灰を溶融固化する例を示すものであ
る。この廃棄物焼却灰の組成分析を行った結果、SiO2：
22.2％、CaO ：23.0％、Al2O3 ：16.0％、Na2O：5.5
％、K2O ：5.8 ％、MgO ： 4.4％、Fe2O3 ：1.5 ％、C
l：8.2 ％、重金属類はZn：9600ppm 、Pb：1500ppm 、
トータルCr：200ppm、Cd：80ppm であった。EXAMPLE The example shows an example of melting and solidifying the waste incineration ash collected by the dust collector of the refuse incineration facility. As a result of composition analysis of this waste incineration ash, SiO 2 :
22.2%, CaO: 23.0%, Al 2 O 3 : 16.0%, Na 2 O: 5.5
%, K 2 O: 5.8%, MgO: 4.4%, Fe 2 O 3 : 1.5%, C
l: 8.2%, heavy metals Zn: 9600ppm, Pb: 1500ppm,
The total Cr was 200 ppm and Cd was 80 ppm.
【００１７】この廃棄物焼却灰に対して、廃棄物焼却灰
と脱水廃液とから合成されたゼオライトをSiO2系吸着剤
として灰重量の30％添加して水中に投入し、固液比1:5
にて１時間脱塩処理を行った。その後、フィルタープレ
スにより固液分離を行い、乾燥機により水分が10％とな
るまで乾燥した。脱水廃液側への移行割合は、Cl：88
％、Zn：0 ％、Pb：0.1 ％、トータルCr：1.4 ％、Cd：
0 ％であり、脱塩処理の目的である廃棄物焼却灰からの
Clの除去と、SiO2系吸着剤による脱水廃液側への重金属
の移行防止とが達成されている。脱塩処理後の廃棄物焼
却灰＋SiO2系吸着剤中のClは0.9 ％であった。To this waste incineration ash, zeolite synthesized from the waste incineration ash and the dehydrated waste liquor was added to water by adding 30% of the ash weight as a SiO 2 -based adsorbent, and the solid-liquid ratio 1: Five
Was desalted for 1 hour. After that, solid-liquid separation was performed with a filter press, and the product was dried with a drier until the water content became 10%. The ratio of transition to the dehydration waste liquid side is Cl: 88
%, Zn: 0%, Pb: 0.1%, total Cr: 1.4%, Cd:
0% from waste incineration ash, which is the purpose of desalination
The removal of Cl and the prevention of migration of heavy metals to the dehydration waste liquid side by the SiO 2 -based adsorbent have been achieved. Cl in the waste incineration ash + SiO 2 -based adsorbent after desalination was 0.9%.
【００１８】またこの場合、脱塩処理後の廃棄物焼却灰
＋SiO2系吸着剤中のSiO2含有率は36.0％であった。そこ
で廃棄物焼却灰＋SiO2系吸着剤の40％のSiO2を添加し、
SiO2/(廃棄物焼却灰＋SiO2系吸着剤＋SiO2) ＝55％とし
た。また、融点降下剤であるNa2CO3を上記SiO2量の20％
添加し、さらにNaNO3 をSiO2重量の15％添加した。これ
らを均一に混合したのち、誘導加熱炉のSiC 系るつぼ中
に投入し、溶融した。溶融時の温度はガラス溶融層が12
00℃、溶融塩層が1000℃、被溶融物による被覆層が500
℃であり、安定に溶融できることが確認された。Further, in this case, the content of SiO 2 in the waste incineration ash after the desalting treatment + SiO 2 -based adsorbent was 36.0%. Therefore waste 40% SiO 2 in the incineration ash + SiO 2 based adsorbent is added,
SiO 2 / (waste incineration ash + SiO 2 -based adsorbent + SiO 2 ) = 55%. In addition, the melting point depressant, Na 2 CO 3 , is added to 20% of the above SiO 2 amount.
In addition, NaNO 3 was added at 15% by weight of SiO 2 . After mixing these uniformly, they were put into a SiC type crucible of an induction heating furnace and melted. The melting temperature is 12 for the glass melting layer.
00 ℃, 1000 ℃ for the molten salt layer, 500 for the coating layer of the material to be melted
It was confirmed that the melting point was 0 ° C, and that stable melting was possible.
【００１９】溶融物を固化して得られたガラス固化体中
には、廃棄物焼却灰中の重金属のうちZn：75％、Pb：95
％、トータルCr：87％、Cd：90％が捕捉されており、通
常の溶融処理法では重金属の捕捉率がZn：10％以下、P
b：10％以下、トータルCr：60％以下、Cd：10％以下で
あるのと対比すると非常に優れた結果となった。また得
られたガラス固化体について、環境庁告示13号の溶出試
験を行ったところ、埋立基準を満足する結果が得られ
た。In the vitrified body obtained by solidifying the melt, Zn: 75% of the heavy metals in the waste incineration ash, Pb: 95
%, Total Cr: 87%, Cd: 90% are trapped, and the heavy metal trapping rate is Zn: 10% or less, P
Compared with b: 10% or less, total Cr: 60% or less, and Cd: 10% or less, excellent results were obtained. Moreover, when the obtained vitrified body was subjected to the elution test of Notification No. 13 of the Environment Agency, the results satisfying the landfill standard were obtained.
【００２０】次に、条件を変えて実施した本発明の実施
例と、条件を外れた比較例とを表１〜表２に示す。Next, Tables 1 and 2 show Examples of the present invention which were carried out under different conditions and Comparative Examples where the conditions were not satisfied.
【００２１】[0021]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２２】[0022]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２３】[0023]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、本発明の廃棄物
焼却灰の溶融固化方法によれば、廃棄物焼却灰を溶融固
化し、重金属類を封じ込めた安定なガラス固化体を得る
ことができる。また従来のような溶融飛灰のセメント固
化やキレート固化などの二次処理が不要となる利点があ
る。よって本発明は従来の問題点を解決した廃棄物焼却
灰の溶融固化方法として、価値の大きいものである。As described above, according to the method for melting and solidifying waste incineration ash of the present invention, it is possible to melt and solidify the waste incineration ash and obtain a stable vitrified body containing heavy metals. it can. Further, there is an advantage that a secondary treatment such as solidification of cement and chelate of molten fly ash, which is required in the past, is unnecessary. Therefore, the present invention is of great value as a method for melting and solidifying waste incineration ash that solves the conventional problems.
【図１】本発明のフローシートである。FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of the present invention.
【図２】誘導加熱炉の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an induction heating furnace.
１ るつぼ、２ 炉体、３ 電極、４ ガラスの溶融
層、５ 溶融塩（融点降下剤）の層、６ 被溶融物の層1 crucible, 2 furnace body, 3 electrodes, 4 molten layer of glass, 5 molten salt (melting point depressant) layer, 6 layer of material to be melted
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ３０３ Ｌ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location B09B 3/00 303 L
Claims (5)
着剤と水とを加えて脱塩処理したのち脱水し、これにSi
O2および融点降下剤を混合してSiO2/(廃棄物焼却灰＋Si
O2系吸着剤＋SiO2) ＝40〜60％、水分30％以下に調整
し、これを誘導加熱炉により溶融し固化することを特徴
とする廃棄物焼却灰の溶融固化方法。1. A waste incineration ash is desalted by adding 20 to 40% of a SiO 2 -based adsorbent and water, and then dehydrated.
Mixing O 2 and melting point depressant, SiO 2 / (waste incineration ash + Si
A method for melting and solidifying waste incineration ash, which comprises adjusting an O 2 -based adsorbent + SiO 2 ) = 40 to 60% and a water content to 30% or less, and melting and solidifying this in an induction heating furnace.
あるいは溶融スラグとからゼオライトを生成し、これを
SiO2系吸着剤として使用する請求項１に記載の廃棄物焼
却灰の溶融固化方法。2. Zeolite is produced from the dehydrated waste liquid after desalting treatment and waste incineration ash or molten slag, and the zeolite is produced.
The method for melting and solidifying waste incineration ash according to claim 1, which is used as a SiO 2 -based adsorbent.
剤を使用する請求項１に記載の廃棄物焼却灰の溶融固化
方法。3. The method for melting and solidifying waste incineration ash according to claim 1, wherein a granular or pelletized SiO 2 -based adsorbent is used.
融塩を使用する請求項１に記載の廃棄物焼却灰の溶融固
化方法。4. The method for melting and solidifying waste incineration ash according to claim 1, wherein a molten salt of Na 2 CO 3 , NaNO 3 or the like is used as the melting point depressant.
に加熱し、セラミックフィルターで集塵する請求項１に
記載の廃棄物焼却灰の溶融固化方法。5. Exhaust gas generated at the time of melting is 600 to 1000 ° C.
2. The method for melting and solidifying waste incineration ash according to claim 1, wherein the waste incineration ash is heated and heated to be collected by a ceramic filter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6000416A JP3045916B2 (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-01-07 | Melting and solidification of waste incineration ash |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6000416A JP3045916B2 (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-01-07 | Melting and solidification of waste incineration ash |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07195055A true JPH07195055A (en) | 1995-08-01 |
| JP3045916B2 JP3045916B2 (en) | 2000-05-29 |
Family
ID=11473202
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6000416A Expired - Fee Related JP3045916B2 (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-01-07 | Melting and solidification of waste incineration ash |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3045916B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1099767A4 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2002-07-24 | Ken Kansa | Method and device for induction-heating and melting metal oxides-containing powder and granular material |
| CN100354052C (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2007-12-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Additive for fusing fly ash in use for refuse burning process |
| JP2014155902A (en) * | 2013-02-15 | 2014-08-28 | Sanai Fujita | Method and plant for treating incineration ash of garbage and sewage sludge |
| CN105251758A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-20 | 广东省环境科学研究院 | Complex flux for fusion of waste incineration fly ash |
| CN112495984A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-16 | 清大国华环境集团股份有限公司 | Hazardous waste solidification/stabilization comprehensive treatment method |
-
1994
- 1994-01-07 JP JP6000416A patent/JP3045916B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1099767A4 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2002-07-24 | Ken Kansa | Method and device for induction-heating and melting metal oxides-containing powder and granular material |
| CN100354052C (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2007-12-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Additive for fusing fly ash in use for refuse burning process |
| JP2014155902A (en) * | 2013-02-15 | 2014-08-28 | Sanai Fujita | Method and plant for treating incineration ash of garbage and sewage sludge |
| CN105251758A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-20 | 广东省环境科学研究院 | Complex flux for fusion of waste incineration fly ash |
| CN112495984A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-16 | 清大国华环境集团股份有限公司 | Hazardous waste solidification/stabilization comprehensive treatment method |
| CN112495984B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-10-01 | 清大国华环境集团股份有限公司 | Hazardous waste solidification/stabilization comprehensive treatment method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3045916B2 (en) | 2000-05-29 |
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