JPH0718541B2 - Garbage incinerator - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a combustion furnace capable of incinerating dust in a surface combustion state.

(Prior Art) There are various garbage incineration methods and incinerators.
In order to completely burn dust, it is necessary that the burning portion is at a high temperature and that air is sufficiently supplied. Conventionally, it has been difficult to obtain a complete combustion state by satisfying this condition especially in small-scale incineration.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In small-scale waste incineration, high temperature cannot be generally obtained in the furnace, and in addition, new waste is put on the currently burning one from the top or side. As a result, the amount of heat and air in the part to be burned is insufficient, and it does not burn completely, resulting in the emission of smoke and odor and pollution.

The reason why complete combustion cannot be obtained in the conventional small-sized isothermal incinerator is clearly described in the following reference "Kinohashi" by Kazuo Akita. In other words, the ignition of flammable gas mixture is often governed by the temperature of the surface (page 113). The mechanism by which a natural polymer substance burns is first decomposed by receiving heat to form various gaseous substances. Combustible components in these mix with the surrounding air to oxidize and generate heat, raising the flame.

Therefore, if there is sufficient air and the decomposition product gas is completely burned (...) No odorous substance will be released. Therefore, a substance with a quince odor coming out of paper or wood is
This is limited to the case where the gas decomposed by heat is released as it is without burning.

This is often the case with smoldering where the concentration of combustible gas is low and decomposition due to heat proceeds without producing a flame in a heater, etc.
Page) The mixed gas near the hot surface receives heat and at the same time escapes heat in the opposite direction. Therefore, in order for the temperature there to rise to the extent necessary for ignition, the hot surface temperature must be higher than that for heat dissipation. I won't. (Ibid. 160 pages) References and above.

The conventional type of incinerator cannot meet the above conditions for complete combustion.

The present invention was invented to solve the above problems in small-scale incineration.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the incinerator of the present invention comprises:
With a rubber tube with a charging port and a canopy covering it at the upper part, the diameter of which is wider toward the lower part, the dust that has been thrown in from the upper part automatically descends and comes into contact with the floor surface. In the incinerator, an exhaust flame outlet with a slight gap is provided at one end of the floor surface made of heat storage material, and the lower end of the exhaust flame outlet is located on the extension line of the floor surface. A number of line grooves facing toward, and at appropriate intervals within the line grooves, air supply holes penetrating vertically on the floor surface are provided, and a chimney leading from the flame exhaust port to the upper part is provided,
An outer cylinder is provided on the outside of the chimney so that the gap between the chimney and the outer cylinder communicates with the lower part of the floor surface.The slight space of the groove provided on the floor surface is directed toward the flame exhaust port, and the flame The gist is that surface burning occurs as it crawls.

(Operation) Since the lower part of the dust container 1 is wide, the dust thrown in through the loading port provided in the upper part automatically descends as the lower part burns and hits the floor surface.

The gas from the ignited rubber burns best near the exhaust port, so this part has the highest temperature, but the floor made of the heat storage material eventually becomes a high-temperature hot surface, which is above the air supply holes provided in this high-temperature hot surface. A good combustion atmosphere is formed on the floor surface of the dust due to sufficient air supply due to the hot air blown toward the ground. In addition, the inside of the furnace has an input port for dust input, but since the canopy is covered during combustion, the gas generated during combustion should go out without passing through the exhaust port that has the best combustion atmosphere. I can't. Then, the outside air passes through the gap between the outer cylinder provided to cover the chimney and the chimney to the lower part of the floor surface and is sent to the air supply hole 3 provided on the floor surface. The cold air entering from the gap of the chimney of the outer cylinder descends while touching the outer periphery of the heated chimney, absorbs the noise of the chimney, and heads to the air supply hole, so it is possible when contacting the combustion surface. It's getting really hot. Therefore, at the time of combustion, the entire floor surface becomes a high temperature hot surface, which causes complete combustion and is enveloped in a plane flame to obtain better combustion. The lid of the ignition port 5 is closed only after the ignition is removed. Further, the canopy 9 serving as a dust input port is also closed during combustion. Therefore, there is no place where the outside air enters from the inside of the outer cylinder to the inside of the furnace through the supply cylinder 8 and the exhaust hole 3 and is discharged to the chimney 6 through the flame outlet.

The floor surface 11 is made of refractory brick or the like, and has a plurality of shallow groove grooves provided in the direction of the flame exhaust port, and the required number of air supply holes is provided at a required place. Since the air supply hole is provided in a shallow groove provided in the direction of the flame outlet, the ventilation is not obstructed even when the introduced dust adheres to the floor surface.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a refuse incinerator of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a first view.
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the drawing, FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a flow direction of air. FIG. 5A is an enlarged plan view of the floor surface, and FIG. 5B is a view b of FIG.
FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a dust container into which dust is thrown, the diameter of which becomes wider toward the bottom, and 9 covers a loading port provided at the upper part of the dust barrel 1. It is a canopy, and it is closed except when throwing in garbage. As shown in FIG. 4, a floor surface 11 for receiving dust is provided at the bottom inside the dust tube 1, and one end of the floor surface 11 is provided with a flame outlet 4 having a slight gap leading to the chimney 6. ing. The floor 11
Is made of a heat storage material, for example, refractory brick, and as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of shallow groove grooves 13 are provided toward the flame exhaust port 4 and the air supply holes 3 are provided in the groove grooves 13. ing.
Since the air is ventilated from the air supply holes 3 from the air supply cylinders 8, the number of air supply holes 3 is increased as the air supply holes 3 approach the air supply cylinders 8.

The lower part of the chimney 6 is an ash reservoir 10, and the inner space of the chimney communicates with the flame exhaust port 4. The outer cylinder 7 provided so as to cover the outer circumference of the chimney 6 and form an annular gap therein has a height lower than that of the chimney 6, and descends through the annular gap between the chimney 6 and the outer cylinder 7. The outside air enters the space below the floor surface 11 of the furnace through the supply cylinder 8. This space extends over the entire lower part of the floor 11 and leads to the lower part of the air supply hole 3 on the floor 11. The canopy 9 and the ignition port 5 that cover the dust input port are in a sealed state when dust is burned. The dust cylinder 1 is spread downward, and the dust 12 is gradually lowered as the lower portion burns so that it is always in contact with the floor surface.

When the sawdust is burned in the incinerator configured as described above, the entire floor surface is covered with a flame, and the flame extends to the exhaust port 4 direction in a planar state, and the sawdust in contact with the floor surface is completely removed. The sawdust was burned, and the sawdust deposited on the upper part fell to the floor surface, and surface burning was continued. No smoldering or smoke due to incomplete combustion.

(Effect) In the refuse incinerator according to the present invention, at the time of starting the combustion of the refuse, the air flow passage is supplied from the chimney through the flame outlet, or the outside air descended through the gap between the chimney and the outer cylinder is supplied. There is no choice but to enter the space below the floor surface 11 of the furnace through the cylinder 8 and supply the dust from the air supply hole to the contact surface between the dust and the floor surface. Therefore,
By supplying these air, the dust thrown into the dust cylinder can continuously obtain surface combustion at the contact point on the floor surface. Since the canopy and the ignition port are closed when the dust burns, the flame does not extend to the dust barrel inlet, that is, the canopy direction, and the accumulated dust does not cause incomplete combustion. Since it is a surface combustion on the contact surface, it becomes a complete combustion, and the gas generated in the furnace is not discharged to the outside as unburned. Therefore, the exhaust gas becomes colorless and odorless and complete combustion can be achieved. In this case, the amount of heat conventionally consumed to generate unburned gas also becomes the amount of heat for the purpose of combustion. In this case, the floor surface temperature becomes higher as the dust is incinerated continuously, which is effective.

The incineration method using the incinerator according to the present invention is particularly suitable for the case where there is relatively little space between dusts when dusts are accumulated. This is because surface combustion near the floor surface can be realized by supplying hot air from the groove on the floor surface and the air supply holes provided therein.

Since the present invention is simple and effective, it can be used not only for small-scale incineration but also for medium-scale incineration.

As described above, the present invention intends to clean the incineration of garbage in homes, public places, small and medium-sized enterprises, etc., in which the amount of garbage increases due to complete combustion.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a front view of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention, FIG.
The drawing is a right side view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional view for explaining the flow direction of air, FIG. 5 (a) is an enlarged plan view of the floor surface, and (b) is b of FIG. 5 (a).
FIG.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An upper part has a charging port and a canopy for covering it.
In a dust incinerator that uses a rubber cylinder with a diameter that widens toward the bottom, and the dust that is thrown in from the top automatically comes into contact with the floor, the floor of the heat storage material A flame outlet with a slight gap is provided at one end so that the lower end of the flame outlet is located on the extension line of the floor surface, and several grooves are provided on the floor surface in the direction of the flame outlet. Air supply holes that penetrate vertically above and below the floor surface are provided at appropriate intervals, a chimney that communicates from the flame outlet to the top is provided, an outer cylinder is provided outside the chimney, and the gap between the chimney and the outer cylinder communicates with the lower floor surface. In this way, the incinerator is characterized in that the surface combustion occurs as the flame crawls toward the flame exhaust port in a slight space of the groove provided on the floor surface.