JPH0718318B2 - Tunnel lining method and device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tunnel lining method and apparatus.

Conventional technology and its problems In general, the lining of tunnels used for transportation such as subways, transportation facilities, sewers, and pipelines is mainly constructed by the shield construction method.

The shield method is highly evaluated as an optimal method that does not hinder the functions and activities of the city, especially in tunnel construction in urban areas.

However, on the other hand, there was a drawback that the production cost of the segment was high and the construction cost was high.

Moreover, there is a drawback that water leakage from this portion occurs if the water blocking treatment of the joint portion between the segments is insufficient.

For this reason, the mountain tunnel method and NATH method are also being implemented.

However, these construction methods also have various drawbacks and are not sufficiently satisfactory.

That is, the former is a method in which the tunnel to be constructed is divided into a plurality of sections in the circumferential direction, and excavation, rebar assembly, formwork assembly, and concrete placement are alternately repeated in each section. However, since many operations are performed in parallel, there is a drawback that the operations are likely to compete and become complicated. Moreover, when assembling the reinforcing bars, there is a risk of causing damage such as cracks that cause water leakage in the concrete if the previously cast concrete is not sufficiently hardened. Therefore, it is necessary to start the next work after the concrete is sufficiently hardened, which inevitably delays the construction work.

On the other hand, the latter is one in which steel fiber is mixed into concrete as a reinforcing material for concrete, but it has a drawback in that it is inferior in strength although it is possible to omit the assembly of reinforcing bars.

The present invention has been proposed in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the above-mentioned various conventional construction methods, and it is possible to construct a tunnel that is economically and efficiently constructed and at the same time has no concern about leakage or spring water. An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel lining method and an apparatus for the same.

Means for Solving the Problems A tunnel lining method according to the present invention is (A) digging a shield machine at a predetermined distance (B) using a gable form having a slit over the entire circumference as a digging distance of the shield machine. Placing concrete on the backside of the formwork while pulling it to the shield machine by the same distance (C) Assembling the reinforcing steel material in the space of the wife formwork on the shield machine side, and from the assembled assembly and the slit of the wife formwork to the shield machine side It is characterized by tightly connecting the end of the reinforcing steel material protruding to (D) adding the inner formwork, and (E) adding the propulsion jack support if necessary, as one unit work, and repeating this unit work in sequence. It is a thing.

Further, the tunnel lining device according to the present invention has a shield machine and an inner formwork and a wife formwork installed along the inner circumference of the tunnel in the tunnel excavated by the shield machine. Is provided with a slit provided with a sealing mechanism for passing a reinforcing steel assembly assembled on the shield machine side of the gable form, and the gable form is shielded via a detachable connecting rod and jack. It is characterized by being fixed to the tail.

The most important point of the present invention is to use a gable form having slits extending over the entire circumference.

A sealing mechanism is provided in this slit so that the reinforced steel material assembled outside the gable form can be moved to the concrete placing part through the gable form, but the placed concrete will not leak outside the gable form. Seal it.

If the gable formwork with slits of the present invention is used, the gable formwork is intermittently moved by the same distance along with the intermittent advancement of the concrete placing part to install the reinforcing steel material and the concrete placement. This makes it possible to eliminate the repeated work of removing and re-installing the gable formwork, unlike the conventional case.

Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, a tunnel lining device will be described.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an example of a tunnel lining apparatus of the present invention.

The lining device 1 is composed of a shield machine 2, an inner formwork 3, a gable formwork 4, and the like. The shield machine 2 is a widely used machine such as a hand-digging type shield machine and a mechanical type shield machine.

The shield machine 2 is capable of excavating with the cutter 5 at the tip thereof and pushing forward with the propulsion jack 6 while pressing down the face and soil on the side surface. As the reaction force receiving of the propulsion jack 6, the inner formwork 3 and the reaction force receiving support 7 are used. FIG. 1 shows an example in which a support 7 for receiving the reaction force is provided.

The inner formwork 3 is a tunnel A excavated by the shield machine 2.
The inner formwork 3 after installation is firmly connected to each other in the excavation direction and the circumferential direction of the tunnel A by fastening bolts. .

The gable form 4 is installed in a ring shape along the inner circumference of the tunnel A on the back side of the inner form 3, and has a function of closing the gable side face between the inner face of the tunnel A and the inner form 3.

The gable form 4 is composed of ring-shaped bodies that are concentrically divided into two or three, and slit-shaped gaps are provided between the ring-shaped bodies.
Placed and installed to produce 11. FIG. 1 shows an example in which it is composed of three ring-shaped bodies and has two slit-shaped gaps.

Tunnel A has one slit 11 or two.
It is determined as appropriate depending on the size of the concrete, the thickness of the poured concrete, etc.

As described above, the gable form 4 is composed of two or three concentric ring-shaped bodies, and since each ring-shaped body is not directly connected to each other, it is indirect to maintain the above relative position. Need to be connected. The connecting rods 9A, 9B and 9C are detachably connected to the respective ring-shaped bodies, the other ends of the connecting rods 9A, 9B and 9C are detachably connected to one connecting metal 8B, and the connecting metal 8B is a shield machine. It is fixed to the tip of the arm of the pulling jack 8A installed at 2.
Therefore, when the connecting rods 9A, 9B, and 9C are attached, the ring-shaped bodies are connected to the pulling jack 8A while maintaining their relative positions. The pulling jack 8A is installed with about 6 to 12 units like the propulsion jack of a normal shield machine, and each ring-shaped body is connected to the pulling jack 8A via the connecting metal 8B and the connecting rods 9A, 9B, 9C. The mold 4 will be configured.
Therefore, when the pulling jack 8A is operated, the end form 4 is moved accordingly.

In the case of a wife who has a slit 11 on his wife form 4, this slit 11
More concrete will leak out, which does not make sense as a gable formwork.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a sealing mechanism of the slit 11 of the gable form 4, where (a) is a case where a reinforcing bar assembly is used as a reinforcing steel material assembly, and (b) is a reinforcing steel material assembly. This is a case where a perforated iron plate is used as a three-dimensional object.

The seal mechanism of the slit 11 will be described with reference to FIG.

The rebar assembly has a shape in which vertical rebars 10A and horizontal rebars 10B are assembled in a so-called rebar cage shape, and there are many intersections and joints, and the thickness is not uniform and the unevenness is severe. A normal plate-shaped elastic body is not sufficient as a sealing material that can pass through the reinforced basket having severe irregularities and does not leak the poured concrete. In the present invention, as an example, a brush-like object in which bristles are densely planted is used as the sealing material 13. The brush-like sealing material 13 is attached to both edges of the slit 11. Of these, the brush-shaped sealing material 13 on the surface of the reinforcing rod basket having less irregularity has a brush shape with a relatively short bristle, and the brush-like sealing material 13 on the other surface with severe irregularities has a brush shape with a relatively long bristle. It is preferable that the bristles of the brush can sufficiently follow the irregularities of the reinforcing cage. Installation length of the brush-like sealing material 13 (wife formwork 4
Thickness depends on the pitch of the horizontal reinforcing bar 10B,
If the pitch is about 1.5 to 2.0 times, the sufficient sealing effect will be exhibited. (See FIG. 2 (a)) The perforated iron plate assembled in a cylindrical shape does not have much unevenness on the surface, so that the sealing material 13 can be used as a sealing material and a sufficient sealing effect can be exhibited. (See FIG. 2 (b)) Next, the lining method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction procedure of the tunnel lining method of the present invention.

(1) The propulsion jack 6 installed on the shield machine 2 is supported by the reaction force receiving support 7 with the arm contracted,
Similarly, the pulling jack 8A is also connected to the end form 4 via the connecting hardware 8B and the connecting rods 9A, 9B and 9C in a state where the arm is contracted, and the inner surface of the end form 4 is an already-cast concrete 12
Touches. This is the state in which preparation for excavation is completed.
(Fig. 3 (a)) (2) The cutter 5 at the tip of the shield machine 2 excavates, while pushing the face and the soil on the side surface with the shield machine 2, the propulsion jack 6 is operated to extend the arm and advance the shield machine 2. Let me dig. In accordance with the operation of the propulsion jack 6, the pulling jack 8A is operated to extend the arm and leave the gable formwork 4 in the original position. When the digging is completed for a predetermined distance, the digging is temporarily stopped. (Fig. 3 (b)) (3) The pulling jack 8A is operated to retract the arm and pull the gable form 4 to the shield machine 2. As the gable formwork 4 advances, there is a space behind the inner formwork 3 behind the gable formwork 4, and a steel material assembly (vertical rebar 10A and horizontal rebar 10B) was previously assembled outside the gable formwork 4 in that space. And the assembly) will be sent. In accordance with the formation of this space, the concrete 12 is press-fitted into the space from the concrete hose 14, and the press-fitting is continued while preventing the collapse and spring water of the already cast concrete. The wife form 4 is pulled by the same distance as the digging distance and stops.
(Fig. 3 (c)) (4) Operate the propulsion jack 6 to retract the arm and separate the arm from the reaction force receiving support 7, and connect the connecting rods 9A, 9B, 9C from the end frame 4 and the connecting metal object 8B. Form a removal space. (Fig. 3 (d)) (5) In this space, a rebar cage composed of vertical rebars 10A and horizontal rebars 10B is assembled, and the end portions of the vertical rebars 10A project from the slits 11 of the gable formwork 4. Connect it to the vertical rebar 10A with a lap joint or mechanical joint to make it integral. In assembling this rebar cage, it may be assembled from the vertical rebars 10A and the horizontal rebars 10B at this location, but an assembly assembled in advance from the vertical rebars 10A and the horizontal rebars 10B into an arc-shaped lattice is prepared, Assembly 3 ~
It is preferred to connect four circumferentially to complete the cylindrical assembly. During the assembling of this rebar cage, connecting rods 9A, 9B and 9C are sequentially attached at the positions where the assembling is finished, and the gable form 4 and the connecting metal 8B are connected. (FIG. 3 (e)). When a cylindrical perforated iron plate is used as the reinforcing steel material assembly, arc-shaped perforated iron plates are similarly prepared, and three to four thereof are connected in the circumferential direction to form a cylindrical shape.

(6) Install the inner formwork 3 on the excavation side of the existing inner formwork 3,
Add the rebar cage installed in (5) to cover it. Similarly, the reaction force receiving support 7 is added to the existing reaction force receiving support 7 to support the propulsion jack 6. This completes the preparation for the next excavation.

By repeating the above (1) to (6), the excavation is advanced in a wind-like manner and the tunnel A is constructed.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, an example in which the reaction force receiving support 7 is separately provided for receiving the reaction force of the propulsion jack 6 in addition to the inner mold 3 has been described, but depending on the size and form of the tunnel, the inner mold 3 In many cases, it also acts as a reaction force. In constructing such a tunnel, since the reaction force receiving support 7 is not provided separately, it is natural that the reaction force receiving support 7 is not added.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the tunnel A constructed by the tunnel lining method and apparatus according to the present invention, in which the reinforcing steel material assembly is installed in one stage.

It should be noted that the concrete used in the present invention may be mixed with reinforcing fibers used in the conventional construction method, for example, metal fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, synthetic fibers or the like for composite reinforcement.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

(1) Since the gable formwork with the sliding slit is used, it is not necessary to disassemble the gable formwork and re-install it.

(2) Since the already-placed concrete is not used as the reaction force of the propulsion jack, and the reinforcement work is not performed in contact with the already-placed concrete surface, the already-placed concrete is sufficient to start the next work. It is possible to move the gable formwork and to place the next concrete at the time when the already placed concrete is not sufficiently cured without having to wait for the other concrete to set up, thus speeding up the construction.

(3) Since it is a cast-in-place concrete method, the secondary lining can be omitted and the construction cost can be reduced.

(4) Since there is no joint part as in the segment system, there is no concern about leakage or spring water from the joint part.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a tunnel lining device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a slit sealing mechanism of a gable formwork, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction procedure of the tunnel lining method of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a tunnel constructed by the lining method and apparatus of the present invention. A: Tunnel, 1 ... Tunnel lining device, 2 ... Shielding machine, 3 ... Inner form, 4 ... Wife form, 5 ... Cutter, 6 ... Propulsion jack, 7 ... Propulsion jack anti Force receiving support, 8A ... pulling jack, 8B ... connecting hardware, 9
A, 9B, 9C ...... Connecting rod, 10 ...... Perforated iron plate, 10A ......
Vertical rebar, 10B …… horizontal rebar, 11 …… slit, 12 …… concrete, 13 …… sealant.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method of excavating a shield machine at a predetermined distance (B)
Placing concrete on the backside of the formwork while pulling the gable formwork with slits all around the shield machine for the same distance as the digging distance of the shield machine (C) Reinforcing the wife formwork in the space on the shield machine side Assembling the steel materials and tightly connecting the assembled assembly and the end of the reinforcing steel material protruding from the slit of the gable formwork to the shield machine side (D) Adding the inner formwork as one unit work, and repeating this unit work sequentially Characteristic tunnel lining method. 2. A shield machine and an inner formwork and a gable formwork installed along the inner circumference of the tunnel in a tunnel excavated by the shield machine, and the gable formwork has a shield for the gable formwork. Equipped with a sealing mechanism for passing the reinforcing steel assembly assembled on the machine side, a slit is provided over the entire circumference, and the gable formwork is fixed to the shield tail part via a removable connecting rod and jack. A lining device for tunnels that is characterized by being