JP3580624B2 - Tunnel lining method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel lining method that enables efficient and safe tunnel lining.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, tunnels constructed as headraces in mountainous areas, and tunnels such as subways in urban areas are excavated by automated tunnel excavators such as tunnel boring machines and shield machines. The periphery is covered with cast-in-place concrete (see FIG. 5 (a)) or segments (see FIG. 5 (b)).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the lining method using cast-in-place concrete is such that a plurality of support members 9 made of H-section steel or channel steel are attached to the ground 10 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and After the concrete 11 is sprayed to a predetermined thickness, a formwork 12 is assembled inside the formwork and the concrete 13 is poured into the formwork 12, but most of the work is manually performed by human power. Therefore, there were problems such as extremely poor construction efficiency. In addition, since most of the work is performed at a place where the ground is uncovered, there is a problem that the surface of the ground may fall off and a danger may be imposed.
[0004]
On the other hand, the lining method by the segment is such that the ring-shaped segment ring 14 assembled in the tail of the tunnel machine is connected to the already-installed existing segment ring with a fastening bolt or the like, and is installed. The method of filling the backfill material 15 has a problem that the amount of earthwork increases because the excavated cross section of the tunnel needs to be enlarged in order to secure a work space. Further, there is a problem that not only the backfill material 15 needs to be filled but also a joint fitting such as a fastening bolt for connecting the segments 14 becomes large.
[0005]
In addition, the segment ring requires at least three types of segments: a segment installed at the bottom, side segments installed on both sides of the segment, and a key segment installed at the upper end of the segment ring. There have also been problems such as an increase in the number of types of segments having different shapes and shapes, which tends to complicate segment management.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel lining method capable of improving construction efficiency and construction safety.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The tunnel lining method according to claim 1 , wherein in the tunnel lining method excavated by a shield machine, an inner peripheral wall of the tail is used as a guide surface in a tail of the shield machine, and a joint is formed in a circumferential direction. While temporarily assembling a plurality of segments having a convex portion and a concave portion that rotatably engage with each other in a segment ring , and installing a widening jack at a joint portion between segments located at a lower end portion of the segment ring , A segment ring is extruded into the tunnel, and then the diameter of the segment ring is expanded by the widening jack. A gap formed by the expansion of the diameter of the segment ring at a joint between segments located at the lower end of the segment ring. Is filled with a filler .
[0008]
The tunnel lining method according to claim 2 , wherein in the tunnel lining method excavated by a shield machine , the ground of the tunnel is used as a guide surface in the tunnel so as to be rotatable around a circumferential joint. while temporarily assembled a plurality of segments in the segment ring having engageable convex portion and the concave portion, after the setting of the widening jack joint segment each other located at the lower end of the segment ring, by the widening jack The segment ring is slid in the circumferential direction, and a joint formed between the segments located at the lower end of the segment ring is filled with a filler in a gap formed by the slide of the segment ring. It is.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the tunnel lining method according to the first or second aspect, wherein a guide member is provided outside a joint between the segments located at the upper end of the segment ring. It is assumed that.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
First Embodiment of the Invention
1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a tunnel being excavated by a tunnel excavator such as a tunnel boring or shield machine, and 2 denotes a tunnel 1 inside the tunnel 1. A lining member, which is sequentially installed in the circumferential direction and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, forms a lining ring a and wraps the inner periphery of the tunnel 1, and 3 is a connecting portion between the lining members 2 forming the lining ring a. The temporary assembling metal fittings 4 for temporarily assembling the lining members 2 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel 1 penetrate the temporary assembling metal fittings 3 and are respectively screwed into the inserts 5 embedded in the lining member 2. A temporary assembling bolt 6 for temporarily fixing the temporary assembling metal fitting 3 to the lining member 2 is attached to a connecting portion between the lining members 2 located at the lower end of the lining ring a. In the circumferential direction of The widening jack that attaches each of the lining members 2 to the ground is formed by expanding or expanding the lining ring a by pushing or spreading the lining to the outside (ground side) of the lining ring a. a guide member which is attached to a connecting portion between the lining members 2 located at the upper end of the tunneling member 1 and guides the lining member 2 to slide in the circumferential direction of the tunnel 1; Is a filler that fills the gap b between the lining members 2, 2 formed by expanding the diameter and fills the gap b.
[0013]
The lining member 2 is formed from concrete, steel, cast steel, or the like, and is formed into an arc shape having a predetermined curvature so as to be attached to the ground of the tunnel 1. It is molded from high-strength concrete for weight reduction and strength improvement, and further molded at a factory for mass production and quality improvement.
[0014]
The circumferential joints of the lining member 2 do not require any special joints such as fastening bolts, and furthermore, the convex parts 2a engaged with each other so that they can rotate freely in the joined state. And the concave portion 2b are formed continuously in the width direction (FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b)), and the joint of the lining member 2 in the width direction is provided between the lining members 2 as necessary. In some cases, a convex portion and a concave portion (not shown) that engage with each other are formed so that they contact each other without shifting.
[0015]
The temporary assembling fitting 3 and the temporary assembling bolt 4 are used repeatedly, and the widening jack 6 is, for example, a hydraulic jack.
[0016]
The guide member 7 is formed in a rectangular plate shape from a steel plate or the like, and has the same curvature as that of the lining member 2 so as to be attached to an outer portion of the lining member 2. Furthermore, it is attached to the outer side of the lining member 2 so as to be slidable in the circumferential direction of the tunnel 1. Non-shrinkage concrete or the like is used for the filler 8.
[0017]
In such a configuration, a tunnel lining method will be described next in order (see FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D).
[0018]
{Circle around (1)} First, a plurality of lining members 2 are temporarily assembled in a ring shape in the tail A of the tunnel machine to form a lining ring a.
[0019]
In this case, a plurality of lining members 2 are installed in a ring shape along the circumferential direction with the tail inner peripheral wall serving as a guide surface in the tail A of the tunnel machine, and at the upper end of the lining ring a. A guide member 7 is attached to a joint portion between the lining members 2 located, and a widening jack 6 is set at a joint portion between the lining members 2 located at the lower end of the lining ring a. The lining ring a is reinforced by a temporary holder (not shown) capable of holding the circular shape of the lining ring a accordingly. Further, the widening jack 6 is driven so that the joints of the lining member 2 are brought into close contact with each other so that no gap is formed. Further, the adjacent lining members 2 are temporarily fixed to each other by the temporary assembling metal fittings 3 and the temporary assembling bolts 4 so as not to be broken.
[0020]
The guide member 7 has one end fixed to one outer surface of the adjacent lining member 2 by welding or the like, and the other end is simply attached to the outer surface of the other lining member 2 and set.
[0021]
(2) Next, this lining ring a is pushed into the tunnel 1 from the inside A of the tail of the tunnel machine. In this case, the ground of the tunnel 1 is always covered with the skin plate or the lining ring a of the tunnel excavator by pushing the lining ring a into the tunnel 1 and simultaneously moving the tunnel excavator forward. It shall prevent skin fall. Further, the lining ring a extruded into the tunnel 1 is attached to an end face of the lining ring a already installed in the tunnel 1.
[0022]
In some cases, the lining ring a may be pushed out of the tail A into the tunnel 1 with the tunnel machine stopped.
[0023]
{Circle around (3)} Next, by driving the widening jack 6 in the extending direction to expand the lining ring a to the outside (ground side), each of the lining members 2 is strongly attached to the ground of the tunnel 1. .
[0024]
{Circle around (4)} Next, a spacing member (not shown) made of a concrete block or the like is installed in the gap b formed by driving the widening jack 6, and the widening jack 6 is removed. The gap b is filled with a filler 8 such as non-shrinkage concrete, and when the filler 8 has developed sufficient strength, the temporary assembling fitting 3 and the temporary assembling bolt 4 are removed.
[0025]
In the case where the lining members 2 are installed as lining members when constructing a temporary tunnel or the like when digging a permanent tunnel, the lining members 2 are particularly connected to each other in consideration of removal later. Although they are not connected, when they are installed as lining members of a permanent tunnel, the lining members 2 are connected in principle.
[0026]
The guide member 7 is not particularly necessary if the joint portion of the lining member 2 is configured to be rotatable. However, it is preferable to install the guide member 7 in order to prevent the skin from falling off the ground. Further, it is assumed that the spacing material is embedded in the filler 8.
[0027]
Hereinafter, the steps (1) to (4) are performed alternately with the excavation of the tunnel, and the entire length of the tunnel is constructed by the lining member 2. Since the lining rings a are closely attached to each other in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and are continuously installed, a tunnel lining body having extremely high rigidity can be formed. Therefore, the lining ring a can also be used as a reaction force receiver when the tunnel machine is propelled.
[0028]
Embodiment 2 of the invention
4 (a), (b) and (c) show another embodiment of the present invention, and the construction method will be described below step by step.
[0029]
{Circle around (1)} First, in the tunnel 1, a plurality of lining members 2 are temporarily assembled in a ring shape to form a lining ring a.
[0030]
In this case, a plurality of lining members 2 are installed in a ring shape along the circumferential direction with the ground surface of the tunnel 1 serving as a guide surface in the tunnel 1, and the lining member 2 is located at the upper end of the lining ring a. The guide member 7 is attached to the joint portion between the lining members 2 to be formed, and the widening jack 6 is set at the joint portion between the lining members 2 located at the lower end of the lining ring a. Further, the adjacent lining members 2 are temporarily fixed by the temporary assembling metal fittings 3 and the temporary assembling bolts 4 so as not to be broken.
[0031]
In this case, a gap is formed in the joint portion between the lining members 2 located at the upper end of the lining ring a. However, since the guide member 7 is attached, it is possible to prevent the surface of the ground from falling off and to secure the construction. It is possible to achieve sex.
[0032]
{Circle around (2)} Next, the widening jack 6 is driven in the extending direction to slide the lining ring a in the circumferential direction along the ground of the tunnel 1, thereby strongly attaching each of the lining members 2 to the ground. wear.
[0033]
{Circle around (3)} Next, the widening jack 6 is removed by using a spacing member (not shown) in the gap b formed by expanding the diameter of the lining ring a. Then, the gap b is filled with the filler 8, and when the filler 8 has developed sufficient strength, the widening jack 6 is removed, and then the temporary mounting bracket 3 and the temporary mounting bolt 4 are removed. Other configurations and steps are the same as those of the above-described method.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The tunnel lining method according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, and a plurality of lining members are temporarily assembled in a ring shape in the tail of a tunnel machine or in a tunnel to form a lining ring. Each of the lining members is attached to the ground of the tunnel by expanding a working ring, and then a filler is filled in a joint portion of the lining member adjacent to the lining ring in a circumferential direction. Therefore, there is an effect that the inner periphery of the tunnel can be lining extremely efficiently and safely.
[0035]
Further, the lining ring is slid in the circumferential direction of the tunnel by a widening jack, or is simply spread out to the outside (ground side) of the lining ring to expand the diameter of the lining member so that each of the lining members is grounded in the tunnel. Therefore, the lining member can be easily and reliably set in a state in which the lining member is in close contact with the ground of the tunnel, and there is an effect that the reliability of construction can be improved.
[0036]
Further, the gap formed by expanding the diameter of the lining ring at the circumferential joint portion of the lining ring is not filled with key segments but with a filler such as non-shrinkable concrete. In addition to being able to freely cope with variations in the diameter of the segment, there is an effect that the used segment may be one type of the basic segment and the segment can be easily managed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel covered by a lining member, FIG. 1B is a side view thereof, and FIG. 1C is an enlarged view of a lining member joint located at an upper end of a lining ring. FIG.
2A is a side view of a lining member, and FIG. 2B is a plan view thereof.
3 (a) is a longitudinal sectional view of a tunnel under construction, (b) is a transverse sectional view of the tunnel showing a state in which a lining ring is extruded into the tunnel, and (c) is an enlarged diameter of the lining ring. FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel showing a state in which the lining ring is expanded and fixed in the tunnel.
4A is a longitudinal sectional view of a tunnel under construction, FIG. 4B is a transverse sectional view of the tunnel showing a state in which a lining ring is assembled in the tunnel, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel showing a state in which the tunnel occurs.
5 (a) and 5 (b) are cross-sectional views showing an example of a conventional tunnel lining method.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tunnel, 2 ... Lining member, 3 ... Temporary assembly metal fitting, 4 ... Temporary assembly bolt,
5 ... insert, 6 ... widening jack, 7 ... guide member, 8 ... filler,
a ... Lining ring.

Claims (3)

In a method of lining a tunnel dug by a shield machine, a convex portion and a concave portion rotatably engaged with a circumferential joint portion in a tail of the shield machine with an inner peripheral wall of the tail as a guide surface. while temporarily assembled a plurality of segments in the segment ring with a section, after the setting of the widening jack joint segment each other located at the lower end portion of the segment ring, extruding the segment ring in the tunnel, then the The diameter of the segment ring is enlarged by a widening jack, and a filler is filled in a gap formed by the diameter enlargement of the segment ring at a joint portion between segments located at a lower end of the segment ring . Lining method. In a method for lining a tunnel dug by a shield machine , the tunnel has a convex portion and a concave portion rotatably engageable with a circumferential joint portion with a ground of the tunnel as a guide surface in the tunnel. While temporarily assembling the plurality of segments into the segment ring, and after installing a widening jack at the joint between the segments located at the lower end of the segment ring, while sliding the segment ring in the circumferential direction by the widening jack And filling a gap formed by sliding the segment ring with a filler at a joint portion between segments located at a lower end portion of the segment ring . The tunnel lining method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a guide member is installed outside a joint portion between the segments located at an upper end portion of the segment ring .

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