JPH07155636A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a crusher in which bulky waste is crushed in a large amount and vibration and noise are made small and a structure is compacted by providing a spiral body having a plurality of turns and a reverse spiral body having one turn at one side and providing the same reverse spiral body having one turn and the same spiral body having a plurality of turns at the other side and providing a screen. CONSTITUTION:Bulky waste is crushed by cooperating fixed edges 16, 19, 19 with the respective spiral bodies 31-34. While the spiral body 31 having a plurality of turns at one side bites into the spiral body 33 at the other side, the fragments of waste are propelled in the direction shown by the arrow A by the circular arclike part 15a of a screen and crushed by projection edges 39 and the fixed edges 16, 19. The fragments passing through the meshes of the screen are allowed to fall down. The unpassed intermediates are transferred to the spiral body 33 having a plurality of turns at the other side in the direction shown in an arrow B by the reverse spiral body 32 having one turn of the right end part. The spiral body 33 propels the transferred intermediates and the newly bitten and crushed fragments to the left end part in the direction shown in an arrow C by the circular arclike part 15b of the screen. The fragments passing through the meshes of the screen are allowed to fall down. The unpassing fragments are transferred to the spiral body 31 of one side in the direction shown in an arrow D by the reverse spiral body 34 having one turn.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial application] The present invention relates to thinning materials, mountainous materials, pruning materials from mountains and parks, furniture for oversized garbage from homes and offices, Joutan, beds, tatami mats, curtains, reception sets, and containers. The present invention also relates to a crusher that crushes various relatively large crushed objects such as cardboard, wooden boxes, packing materials, tires, drums, tents, bags, and waste materials from construction sites while circulating them until they become small.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as a crusher of this type, in addition to a cutter having a V-shaped cutting portion formed by a fixed cutting beam and a movable crushing beam, a hammer capable of swinging on a rotor rotating relatively fast. 2. Description of the Related Art There is an apparatus in which a plurality of members and ring grinders are provided to crush or grind an object to be processed. The former cutter is not hard, and the latter crusher is effective for relatively fragile materials, so it is necessary to sort the materials beforehand to some extent.

[0003]

However, the cutting machine as described above has a small processing capacity, is inefficient, and is greatly affected by the material. In addition, it is difficult to crush composite products and soft plastic products assembled from various materials with an impact crusher, the processing efficiency is small, it is difficult to control the size of crushed pieces, and noise and vibration are large, and it is robust. It requires structure and has many failures. Further, because of the high speed rotation, wear of parts is fast, maintenance cost is high, and dust is often generated.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and it is possible to produce large wastes of a wide range of materials such as composite products made of various materials and soft plastic products mainly by the action of crushing and tearing. Crush until a large amount reaches a predetermined size,
It can be repeatedly crushed and crushed, and because the charging port can be made large, large, long, and wide bulky objects can be charged in the original shape, the rotation speed of the rotor is relatively low, vibration and noise are small, and the installation area is small. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crusher having a simple structure that can be made into a small and compact structure and can be maintained at low cost.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the crusher according to the first aspect of the present invention has a crushed object dropping opening above and a crushed object dropping opening below. The casing, a pair of rotating shafts rotatably provided substantially horizontally in the casing, drive means for rotationally driving the rotating shafts so as to bite each other from top to bottom, and one of the rotating shafts. A plurality of spirals attached from one end to the other end of the main spiral propulsion direction and at least one reverse spiral, and at least one attached to the other side of the rotating shaft from the one end to the other end. It is characterized in that it is composed of the same reverse spiral body of the above-mentioned winding, a plurality of spiral bodies of the same as the above, and a screen provided in the drop opening of the casing. Further, the crusher according to the second aspect of the present invention is provided with a casing having an opening for inputting the crushed material in the upper part and a drop opening for the crushed material in the lower part, and rotatably and substantially horizontally provided in the casing. A pair of rotating shafts, a driving means for rotating the rotating shafts in the same direction, and a plurality of windings of right-handed or left-handed ones attached to one of the rotating shafts from one end to the other end in the main spiral propulsion direction. A spiral and at least one left-handed or right-handed spiral, and at least one right-handed or left-handed spiral mounted on the other side of the rotating shaft from the one end to the other end and a plurality of turns It is characterized by comprising a left-handed or right-handed spiral body and a screen provided in the drop opening of the casing.

[0006]

In the crusher of the first aspect having the above-mentioned structure, the upper opening of the material to be crushed can be provided large, and even large waste is bitten from the top to the bottom by the spirals around the pair of rotary shafts. It can be tucked in, torn under the thrust of the opposite direction and crushed. A driving force of a large torque is transmitted at a low speed from the driving means, which causes crushing and tearing with low vibration and low noise. Fragments that have been crushed to some extent are crushed while receiving thrust by a spiral of multiple turns of each rotation axis, and those that can pass the eyes of the screen will fall, but those that do not pass the eyes of the screen At least one turn of the reverse spiral at the downstream end in the propelling direction of the main spiral that is received is delivered to the upstream end of the rotating shaft spiral on the other side and circulated until it passes through the eyes of the screen. Further, in the crusher of the second aspect having the above-mentioned configuration, substantially the same operation as that of the first aspect is performed, but the difference is that the rotating shaft is rotated in the same direction, so that biting is slightly inferior. However, the crushing action becomes stronger due to the opposing rotational force and the thrust in the opposite direction between the spirals having a plurality of turns between the two axes, and the crushing action is small until the particles pass through the screen quickly.

[0007]

The crusher of the present invention will now be described in more detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a plan view of a crusher according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is equivalent to FIG. 2 of a crusher according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4, FIG. 4 are explanatory views of six types of protruding blades, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a mounting state of the protruding blades.

(First Embodiment) Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG.
The crusher 1 of the embodiment has a large waste input hopper 1 at the top.
A rectangular casing 10 having a charging opening 12 with 1 and a falling opening 13 for crushed pieces below;
A screen 1 replaceably provided in the drop opening 13
5, a pair of rotary shafts 21 and 23 rotatably provided in parallel and horizontally on both side walls 14a and 14b of the casing 10 via bearings, and these rotary shafts 21 and 23 from top to bottom. A driving means 25 that is rotationally driven at a relatively low rotational speed so as to be caught, and a left-handed plural-winding spiral body 31 attached to one rotating shaft 21 from the left end to the right end.
And a right-handed spiral 32 attached to the right end
And a left-handed plural spiral body 33 attached to the other rotating shaft 23 from the right end to the left end portion, and a right-handed single spiral body 34 attached to the left end portion. Rotating shafts 21, 23 and spiral bodies 31, 32, 33, 34
And constitute the rotor.

The screen 15 includes spirals 31, 32,
Two circular arc-shaped parts 15a and 15b with flanges below 33 and 34, and a fixed blade 16 of square wood between them.
It is composed of a pair of reinforcing ribs 17, 17 mounted in the longitudinal direction on the lower surface of each arcuate portion 15a, 15b. The arcuate portions 15a and 15b are made of punching board, expanded metal, grate, and the like, and can be replaced according to the size of the sieve mesh. In addition to the fixed blade 16, the front and rear walls 10a, 10 of the casing 10
Fixed blades 19 and 19 of square wood are also attached to the inside of b.

The rotation driving means 25 is provided for each of the shafts 21 and 23, and has a reversible motor M1, a speed reducer 26, and
It is composed of a joint 27 with a sheer pin, and when an overload is applied, the motor M1 is rotated in reverse several times by an overload detector (not shown). In addition to being provided for each shaft, the shafts 21 and 23 may be rotationally driven in opposite directions or away from each other via a gear that meshes with one motor and one reducer.

Around the spirals 31 to 34, for example, 4
A protruding blade 39 such as a sword tip blade is attached at a 5 ° pitch,
The fixed blade 1 facilitates the biting of large waste
Crushing is performed in cooperation with 6,19,19. While the spiral body 31 having a plurality of turns of one winding bites into the spiral body 33 of the other side, the projecting blade 39 and the fixed blade 16, while propelling the waste fragments in the direction of the arrow A in the screen circular arc portion 15a,
19 and the one that passes through the eyes of the screen 15 is dropped, and the intermediate that does not pass through is wound by the spiral 32 of one turn at the right end as shown by arrow B.
Pass to. On the other hand, the spiral body 33 of a plurality of turns is one that passes through the eyes of the screen 15 while being crushed while propelling the intermediate product that has been taken over in the screen arc-shaped portion 15b or one that is newly bitten and crushed to the left end in the direction of arrow C Is dropped, and the one that does not pass is handed over to the one spiral 31 by a single spiral 34 as shown by arrow D. Therefore, when the wood chips are made into small pieces, they work particularly effectively in making the particle sizes uniform.

(Second Embodiment) In FIG. 3, in the crusher of the second embodiment, the rotary shafts 21 and 43 are driven to rotate in the same direction, and the large waste that has been introduced is caught. Although the force is slightly inferior to that in the first embodiment, the crushing force between the two axes becomes very large due to the upward and downward forces applied. In order to assist the biting, the front wall 10a 'of the upper half of the casing 10' is curved inward and a reverse barb-like return preventing rib R is attached to the inner surface.

Also, in order to circulate an intermediate product of a size that does not pass through the eyes of the screen 15 as in the first embodiment, one rotary shaft 21 has a plurality of left-handed windings as in the first embodiment. The spiral 31 and the right-handed spiral of the right end are attached, and the other rotary shaft 43 has a plurality of right-handed spirals 53 from the right end to the left end and a left-handed left-handed spiral. It is installed. The configurations of the screen 15 and the fixed blades 16, 19, 19 are the same as those of the first embodiment. The rotary drive means for the rotary shafts 21 and 43 may have the same structure as that of the first embodiment, except that the rotational direction of the other shaft 43 is the same as that of the one shaft 21. Is.

In the first and second embodiments, the protruding blade 39
In addition to the sword blade, as shown in FIG.
a, flat blade 39b, arrowhead blade 39c, tree blade 3
9d, sword blade 39e, square bar blade 39f, etc. are appropriately selected and used according to the type of waste, and as shown in FIG.
It is attached to the outer peripheral side surface of No. 3 with a bolt and is spot-welded to prevent it from falling off. They can all be the same,
You may mix.

[0015]

As described above, according to the crusher of the present invention, it is possible to compare large wastes of a wide range of materials such as composite products and soft plastic products composed of various materials mainly by the action of crushing and tearing. Crush until a large amount reaches a predetermined size,
Tear can be repeated and crushed, and the particle size of the fragments can be made uniform. Also, because the opening can be large,
Large, long, and bulky products can be put into the original form as they are, and at a relatively low speed, the rotor has a large capacity for crushing and tearing, and vibration and noise are small. Further, since the circulating crushing path is formed, it is possible to obtain a compact structure having a small installation area, low rotation speed, and low maintenance cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a crusher according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a crusher according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of six types of protruding blades.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a mounting state of a protruding blade.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 2 Crusher 10, 10 'Casing 10a Front wall 10b Rear wall 10a' Front wall 11 Hopper 12 Input opening 13 Dropping opening 15 Screen 16 Fixed blade 19 Fixed blade 21 One rotation shaft 23 The other rotation shaft 25 Rotation drive means 31 multiple spirals 32 single spiral reverse spiral 33 multiple spiral spirals 34 single spiral reverse spiral 39 protruding blade

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A casing having an opening for throwing in a crushed material in an upper part and a lower opening for dropping a crushed material, and a pair of rotating shafts rotatably and substantially horizontally provided in the casing, A drive means for rotationally driving the rotary shafts so as to bite each other from top to bottom, and a plurality of spirals attached to one of the rotary shafts from one end to the other end of the main spiral propulsion direction, and at least one roll. A reverse spiral body, and at least one roll of the same reverse spiral body mounted on the other side of the rotary shaft from the one end to the other end, and the same plural number of spirals as the above, and provided in the drop opening of the casing. A crusher characterized in that it is composed of 2. A casing having an opening for inputting the crushed material in the upper part and a dropping opening for the crushed material in the lower part, and a pair of rotating shafts rotatably and substantially horizontally provided in the casing, A drive means for driving the rotary shaft to rotate in the same direction, and a plurality of right-hand or left-hand spirals attached to one of the rotary shafts from one end to the other end of the main spiral propulsion direction and at least one roll. Left-handed or right-handed spiral and at least one right-handed or left-handed spiral attached to the other side of the rotary shaft from the one end to the other end and a plurality of left-handed or right-handed spirals And a screen provided in the drop opening of the casing, the crusher. 3. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of protruding blades of various shapes are attached around the spiral body, and a square fixed blade is attached to an inner wall of the casing.