JPH0822390B2 - Crushing machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to waste furniture of oversized garbage discharged from homes, construction waste generated from construction sites, business waste generated from offices, thinned wood from mountains and parks, and mountains. Remaining materials, sentiment materials, furniture, Juutan, beds, tatami mats, curtains, reception sets, cardboard boxes,
Wooden boxes, packing materials, containers, tires, drums, tents,
The present invention relates to a crusher for crushing relatively large waste such as container bags.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a crusher of this type, in addition to a cutting material in which a V-shaped cutting portion is formed by a fixed cutting beam and a movable crushing beam, a swing hammer as shown in FIGS. Type or ring grinder type crusher is equipped with multiple swingable hammer members and ring grinders on the rotor that rotates relatively quickly so as to crush or grind the incoming workpiece. It This is effective when the material to be processed is relatively brittle, and it is necessary to select the material to some extent in advance.

[0003]

However, with the above-mentioned impact crusher, it is difficult to crush composite products or soft plastic products assembled from various materials, and the efficiency is poor in large-scale processing. In addition, noise and vibration are large, and it costs a lot of money for a sturdy structure and foundation work, a soundproof room is required for noise, and because of high-speed rotation, there are many worn parts and maintenance and operation costs. The crushed pieces were not uniform in size and were difficult to use even in the subsequent sorting process.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and produces a large amount of relatively large and bulky crushable objects such as composite products made of various materials and soft plastic products by the action of shearing, crushing and tearing. It is capable of efficiently crushing into pieces of a predetermined size smoothly at the charging point, and it is possible to load large, long, wide and bulky objects in their original shape by opening all upper charging ports, and 10 to 30 r. p. m.
With low speed rotation, little vibration and noise, large torque, small power, large crushing force, energy saving and efficient crushing work, low vibration, no need for special foundation work, low noise and soundproof room It is unnecessary, generates less dust, has a simple structure, has few failures, and is easy to maintain. Efficient crushing is achieved by meshing the concave and convex blades, and a grid-like screen is installed over the entire bottom for smooth discharge, resulting in waste. The purpose is to provide a unique crusher that does not apply high resistance to the rotor.

[0005]

The crusher of the present invention which achieves the above object has an upper opening into which a relatively large object to be crushed is introduced, and the bottom is supported by a transverse support plate and has a width. A substantially rectangular parallelepiped casing formed in the shape of a sieve with a plurality of vertical fixed blade members spaced apart from each other, and at least one pair that is rotationally driven in the opposite rotational direction to be bitten in parallel in the casing from top to bottom Shafts, a plurality of crushing blades mounted around the supporting plates that are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction so as to alternate with those of the opposing shafts, and the above crushing between the supporting plates in the longitudinal direction in each shaft. It is characterized in that it is composed of a facing blade mounted so as to be close to the blade, and a rotary drive device for the shaft.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, representative embodiments of the crusher of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is an elevational view of a crusher of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the rotor, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a crushing blade, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a grid-shaped screen according to the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5, the crusher 1 for crushing relatively large-sized wastes from homes, offices, mountains, parks, etc. as described above has a hopper 11 over the entire top opening 12. A substantially rectangular parallelepiped casing 10 to which is attached,
The casing 10 is composed of a pair of crushing rotors 20 and 30 which are rotationally driven in opposite directions to be bitten in parallel from top to bottom, and a rotary drive device 40 for these rotors 20 and 30.

The casing 10 is supported on the base 5 so as to groin the belt conveyor C for carrying out the crushed pieces, and the bottom surface 10c is a lattice along the rotation of the rotors 20 and 30. That is, the meshes of the sieve are fixed in a plurality of transverse partition support plates 13, ... It is formed from a plurality of vertical fixed blade members 14 ,. These fixed blade members 14, ... and the support plate 13, which will determine the size of the crushed fragments,
-Is configured so that it can be integrally replaced as a unit in advance for each size of some grids.

The rotors 20 and 30 have rotating shafts 21 and 31.
And substantially square support plates 22 and 32 fixed to be orthogonal to each other at regular intervals so as to be staggered in the longitudinal direction with those of the shafts 21 and 31, and T-shaped at the four corners of the support plates 22 and 32. Blade mounting plates 23 and 3 fixed so as to be orthogonal to
3 and crushing blades 24, 3 as shown in FIG. 4 which are replaceably mounted on the blade mounting plates 23, 33 by bolts.
4, and the crushing blades 34, 24 of the opposed shafts 31, 21 between the support plates 22, ..., 32 ,. Crushing blade 3
It is composed of 4 and 24 blade edges and rectangular parallelepiped facing blades 25 and 35 fixed at positions shifted by 45 ° from each other.

The crushing blades 24, 34 have a width that slightly overlaps each other in the longitudinal direction, so that the waste material is surely caught. In this case, both shafts 21, 3
1, the crushing blades 24, 34 and the confronting blades 35, 25 are rotated at a constant speed by a rotation drive device 40 with a central angle shifted by 45 ° in the rotation direction so that they are close to each other.

In the case of non-uniform speed rotation, it is necessary to eliminate the overlap in the longitudinal direction of the crushing blades 24 and 34 on the shafts 21 and 31 to bring them into the approaching state, but the efficiency is slightly deteriorated. As the crushing blades 24 and 34, as shown in FIG. 4, flat blades 24 (a) and 34 (a) and oblique blades 24
(B), 34 (b) and sword blades 24 (c), 34 (c) are used, and the holes R for fixing the mounting plates 22, 32 by bolts are ... It has been processed into a shape. The facing blades 25 and 35 may remain in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, or may have a shape corresponding to the shape of an oblique blade or a sword blade. Further, instead of the square support plates 22 and 32, another polygonal shape is used, and the number of crushing blades and confronting blades is also increased or decreased according to the number of angles.

The waste that has been thrown in is bitten one after another by the crushing blades 24 and 34 and the facing blades 25 and 35 while being prevented from moving in the longitudinal direction by the support plates 22 and 32 at the throwing point, and is sheared. It is crushed by the action of crushing and tearing, and the longitudinal fixed blade members 14, ...
4 and 34 are crushed by the same action, and crushing is repeated until they can pass through the sieve mesh, and a large amount of treatment is performed.

The rotating shafts 21 and 31 are respectively provided in the casing 10.
Are rotatably supported by bearings 18 and 19 outside the both end walls 10a and 10b of the shaft, and are indicated by an arrow R by a rotary drive device 40.
1, 30 to 30 R. in the direction of R1. P. It is rotated at a low speed of M and at a constant speed. That is, one of the shaft ends has the rotation driving device 4
The output shaft of the speed reducer 43, which is rotationally driven by the motor 42, is connected to each output shaft via a joint 41 that forms 0. When a large abnormal load is applied to the rotors 20 and 30 during the crushing work, the control device automatically repeats normal rotation and reverse rotation so that large waste can be crushed without trouble.

[0014]

As described above, according to the present invention, a large, long, and bulky product can be inserted in its original shape by the charging port of the entire upper part, and vibration and noise are reduced when the rotor rotates at a low speed. A large torque is obtained, less dust is generated, the structure is simple, there are few failures, and maintenance is easy.Effective shredding is achieved by meshing the concave and convex blades, and the lattice screen on the entire bottom smoothly discharges debris. A place where a large amount of relatively large crushed material is efficiently put in, whether it is a composite product made of various materials or a soft plastic product due to the synergistic action of shearing, crushing and tearing without applying unnecessary resistance to the rotor. Can be crushed into pieces of a predetermined size.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of the crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the rotor.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the flat blade crushing blade (a), a plan view of the oblique blade crushing blade (b), and a plan view of the sword tip blade crushing blade (c).
Is.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a grid-shaped screen according to the present invention.

[Fig. 6] Conventional horizontal swing hammer crusher (a), horizontal ring hammer crusher (b), vertical swing hammer crusher (c), and vertical ring grinder crusher (d). Is.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Crusher 10 Casing 10c Bottom 13 Cross support plate 14 Longitudinal fixed blade member 21, 31 Rotating shaft 22, 32 Support plate 23, 33 Blade mounting plate 24, 34 Crushing blade 40 Rotation drive device

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of vertical fixed blade members, each having a top opening into which a relatively large crushed object is charged and having a bottom surface supported by a transverse support plate and separated in the width direction, in a lattice shape. Formed substantially rectangular parallelepiped casing, at least one pair of shafts that are driven to rotate parallel to each other in the opposite rotation directions that are bitten in parallel from top to bottom. A plurality of crushing blades mounted around the supporting plate that is spaced apart from each other, a facing blade that is mounted in the longitudinal direction of each shaft between the supporting plates so as to be close to the crushing blade, and the rotation of the shaft. A crusher characterized by being configured with a drive device. 2. The crushing blade support plate has a polygonal shape, and the blade mounting plate is fixed in a T-shape at the tip, and the crushing blade is replaceably fixed on the blade mounting plate. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the crusher is mounted so as to overlap the adjacent blades of the opposite shaft in the longitudinal direction. 3. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the shafts are rotated at rotational speeds different from each other. 4. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the shafts are driven to rotate at a constant speed.