JPH07150892A - Hydraulic excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve operation efficiency in a tunnel by equipping a console that is suspended on a support stand rotatably with a swing arm, a control cylinder, a jib, and the like, and fitting an attachment that operates differently. CONSTITUTION: A console 16 that is suspended on an upper support stand 12 rotatably is equipped with a control cylinder 20 for tilting a rock arm 18 and a jib 21, a pivoting cylinder 25 of an attachment, and the like. Then, an excavating tool 26 with a drill and a shovel is fitted to the tip of a device, and each hydraulic cylinder is operated for excavation and raking. Also, depending on the details of operation, the excavating tool 26 is removed and exchanged with an excavating shovel 48 for excavation. Also, by installing the upper support stand 12 on a driving vehicle, the entire device can be moved, thus performing operation efficiently even if space in the tunnel or the like is narrow.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydraulic excavator of an excavating device for constructing a tunnel, a sewer or the like under the ground.

[0002]

[Prior Art] Periodical publication "Bauplanung-Bautechnik"
1984, pp. 226-228 describes a tubular shield that digs underground to remove and install transportation equipment and wiring. The jib connected to the rotary bearing on the upper part of the shield can pivot the entire cross section of the shield horizontally around the rotary bearing and vertically by the control cylinder, and the excavated material on the bottom of the shield is loaded on the belt conveyor and transferred. As soon as the jib equipped with a swivel tool advances the excavation area in front of the shield with the tool and removes the excavated material on the conveyor, the tunnel shield is immediately advanced by a certain length with jacks already installed in the tunnel.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to reduce wear even in a large range of motion, to make it easy to manufacture, and to mount an arbitrary excavating tool in a tunnel having a small cross section without any trouble so that the delivery of excavated material can be guaranteed. To provide a good tubular shield.

[0004]

The above-mentioned object is solved by the characterizing portion of claim 1. That is, according to the present invention, the jib is attached to a console 16 fixed to a rotary bearing 15 by a connecting system consisting of a rocking arm 18 that can be swung by a control cylinder and a control cylinder 20 that changes the tilt of the jib. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic excavator characterized in that its length can be changed and adjusted as a parallel sliding rod of the rocking arm 18.

The attachment of the jib offers great possibilities for the forward movement of the excavator directly or indirectly attached to the front end of the jib by means of a coupling system emerging from the console plate of the upper rotary bearing. By varying the length of the control cylinder parallel to the rocker arm, the front end of the jib can move across the entire cross section of the shield or tunnel. Thereby, the conventional coupling system with bearings that are insensitive to dirt and have low wear becomes an advantageous and simple length adjustment device which avoids the problematic direct connection of the tool. In a conveyor that can be tilted forward or backward, the jib is close to the tunnel ceiling, creating free space above the conveyor to transport large quantities of mining material. In addition, the conveyor can be freely accessed and, if stopped, can be cleaned from both sides. In addition, a relatively large tool can be attached to a small-scale excavation device.

The swing arms may be pivotally attached to the console at a distance from each other, and each swing arm may have a swing cylinder. Similarly, two control cylinders, which are laterally spaced from each other, are used for tilting the jib, allowing parallel adjustment of the rocker arm or rocker arm member. In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the rocker arm is set so that the final attitude of the horizontally adjusted jib forward or backward turn is approximately half the tunnel height.

In the construction in which the excavator is directly connected to the front end of the jib, a support having an excavator, a hydraulic hammer, and other tools is pivotally attached to the fork of the front part of the jib, and can be pivoted by one or a plurality of control cylinders. The jib fork has a compact structure in which the tool supporting part is stably attached to the shaft, and when equipped with a shovel, it can be swiveled in the sense of ordinary shovel motion.
Rocks crushed with soft excavations or hammers are sent to a crusher conveyor.

As the diameter of the tunnel increases, at least one supplemental jib bar (such as a shovel) is provided between the front end of the jib and the tool support or any excavation tool to increase the working range of the jib accordingly. Rods and / or one or several intermediate jibs) can be connected. According to this modification, the excavation device opposes the longitudinal force generated during forward movement,
It consists of a tracked vehicle with a top plate on which a rotary bearing is attached. Posts standing from the side or penetrating the top plate can be erected between the ceiling and bottom of the tunnel, and the conveyor can be placed at a displaceable slope between the lateral walls supporting the top plate.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments based on the drawings. 1 and 2 show an excavator attached to the top of the excavation shield in a forward and rearward turning posture of the coupling system, and FIGS. 3 and 4 have a work implement in which a shovel rod is replaced with an excavator shovel. Figures 1 and 2 show the excavator of Figures 1 and 2, Figures 5 and 6 show the excavator of Figures 1 and 2 in which a short basic jib is connected to an excavator bar with an intermediate jib and an excavator, and Figures 7 and 8 show , FIG. 1 and FIG.
Fig. 2 shows a car excavating device to which a drilling tool having a work posture corresponding to is attached. FIG. 9 shows an operating state of the excavator similar to FIGS. 7 and 8.

When excavating to the left in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cylindrical excavation shield 10 having a preliminary blade 11 and having a length of several meters is present inside the tunnel. As the tunnel excavation progresses, the excavation shield 10 is pressed in front of the unexcavated portion by the pressing means at the rear end (not shown), so that a new location is further excavated, and the space behind the shield is made of concrete, steel or It is reinforced by tunnel covering material consisting of wall material. At the top of the arched shield is a ledge consisting of a flat reinforced wall with a rotating bearing 15 fixed to it. Although this rotary bearing is composed of a rotary ring having a vertical rotary shaft, it may be a universal bearing having many degrees of freedom. A part of the rotary bearing 15 can be rotated around a vertical rotary shaft by a drive motor 17 coupled to the gear ring via a pinion, for example.

A rotary bearing having a horizontal axis is provided below the console plate 16, and the upper end of the rocking arm 18 is pivotally attached to the rotary bearing. A swing cylinder 19 pivotally mounted on the rear portion of the console 16 and the swing arm 18 allows the swing arm to swing between a rear end position shown in FIG. 1 and a front end position shown in FIG. If the length of the swivel cylinder 19 is changed, the swivel angle becomes about 120 °, so that the direction change angle of the tool or the like can be expanded by the cylinder if necessary.

A control cylinder 20 is supported by the extension of the console 16 at a distance from the rocker arm 18 forward, and the lower end of the control cylinder 20 is held at one place on the jib 21, and the rear end of the jib 21 and the lower end of the rocker arm 18 are equally spaced. It has a joint axis that connects it. 1 and 2, the jib 21 is held substantially horizontal,
The control cylinder 20 runs parallel to the rocker arm 18, and therefore has the same length as the rocker arm, and is a parallelogram with it, as a result of which the jib 21 is moved. It remains parallel during the turn. The slanted vertical axis of the jib 21 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2 indicates that it exits the bearing of the rocker arm 18 and that the jib 21 is pivoted approximately 30 ° up and down from its horizontal position.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, since the rear portion of the jib 21 is narrowed and has a fork-shaped or open upper portion 21, when the jib 21 reaches the final posture in which the jib 21 is tilted upwards, the space between the jibs is reduced. The lower end of the control cylinder 20 comes to the bottom. The front portion of the jib becomes a wide fork portion 23, and the tool support portion 26 is pivotally mounted between the forks. Narrow part of jib 21
The wide portion 23 is connected by a welded pipe 24, but this may be replaced by other reinforcing means.

As shown in the drawing, the tool support portion 26 has two
A hydraulic hammer 27 is provided between the two side pieces 28. According to FIG. 2, an excavator 29 which can be adjusted around a horizontal axis is attached below the side piece 28, and a cylinder indicated by 30 is provided between a working state (FIG. 1) and a resting state with a tool support 26 (FIG. 2). , You can turn. In the working posture of the shovel 29, the teeth thereof protrude from the tip of the chisel of the hydraulic hammer 27, so that the chisel of the hammer is covered and protected when digging down or excavating an excavated object.

The tool support portion 26 has a horizontal axis 4 substantially at the center thereof.
It is pivotally mounted so that it can rotate around 0. The horizontal axis is the two horizontal bolts at the front end of the jib 21. Two swivel cylinders 25 are attached to the side piece 28, and the rear ends thereof are pivotally attached to the rear portion 22 of the jib. As shown in FIG. 1, when the swiveling cylinder 25 is in the withdrawn position, the tool support 26 is substantially perpendicular to the length axis of the jib 21, so that the shovel 29 sends the excavated material to the lower conveyor 44 via the tilt table 42. be able to. As seen in FIG. 2, the tool support 26 is adjusted so that the chisel of the hydraulic hammer 27 faces the working direction and avoids the length axis of the jib 21. The length of the rocker arm 18 is preferably such that the horizontally adjusted jib 21 in the front-back turning posture is about half the height of the tunnel. The tool support 26 may be pivoted further above the working direction of the hydraulic hammer 27 shown in FIG. 2 to allow a hammer or other tool to work diagonally above the tunnel from below. . In the work of the shovel 29,
The tool support 26 is adapted to be pivoted by a pivoting cylinder 25 about a transverse axis of at least 120 ° from normal excavator movement.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, the shovel handle 46 is connected to the front end of the jib 21 having the same overall length, and the shovel handle is swung by the cylinder 25 supported on the upper side of the jib. This is particularly different from the embodiment.
At the front end of the shovel handle 46, a grip shovel 48 is swung by a shovel cylinder 50 supported by the shovel handle, which is replaced by any other tool such as a hydraulic hammer or the tool support 26 (FIG. 2). In the range of action by the shovel pattern, the rotary bearing 15 and the lower conveyor 4
Since 4 can also be arranged at a great distance from the shield cutting edge, a free space for intermediate storage of excavated material is provided in front of the conveyor, and the tool can be used for a long time only for tunnel excavation and transportation of excavated material.

Console 16 laterally spaced
Two rocker arms 18 with parallel swiveling cylinders 19 and two control cylinders 20 belonging to the connecting system and contacting both sides of the jib 21 to change the inclination of the jib are pivoted below. Such a four-joint coupling system can also be used in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, in which there is only one control cylinder 20 and one rocker arm 18 consisting of one wide or two pivot joints. It is shown. In the case of two rocking arms 18, two swivel cylinders are provided.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, an intermediate jib 52 is pivotally mounted on the front end of a relatively short jib 21 and can be swiveled by a cylinder 25 supported on the upper side of the jib. The rear end of the shovel handle 46 is pivotally attached to the front end of the intermediate jib 52, and the shovel 48 or any other tool is supported as in the front. Two cylinders 54, both sides of which are pivotally attached to the intermediate jib 52, are useful for turning the shovel handle 46. In order to obtain a wide turning range of the grip shovel 48, the shovel cylinder 50 supported by the shovel handle 46 serves as a shovel handle. It acts on levers 56 and 58 that are pivotally attached to the grip shovel.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show an application example of the joints 21, 52, 46 of these jib constituent groups, and the excavation shield 10 that crosses a mining section made of rock that is easily fractured.
Has a larger diameter. One or several horizontal spare blades 11 are provided at the middle height of the excavation shield 10 in order to prevent crushable mining material that accumulates at the bottom of the excavation shield 10 from forming a large aggregate or damaging the falling rocks to damage the conveyor. , Which is slowly rotated from above or below by a three-joint jib assembly group.
FIG. 5 shows in broken lines that the shovel works under the spare blade 11. As the jib 21 tilts downward and moves forward in the linkage system, the shovel 48 advances further. Figure 6
The gripping tool working on the top of the blade 11 likewise advances further, carrying the coupling system to its final position, as shown in FIG.
Considering the large diameter of the excavation shield 10 and the jib 21,
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the intermediate jib 52 which can be swung upward is provided with a support portion 12a which is located at a high portion of the excavation shield or near the center.
Is fixed to the rotary bearing 15 in contact with. Again, the horizontally adjusted jib 21 is approximately half the height of the shield.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 7 to 9, the rotary bearing 15 of the excavator, which consists of comparable elements as in the previous embodiment, is fixed below the stable reinforcing top plate 35 and the top plate is infinite. It is supported by a lateral wall 33 rising from the chassis 31 of the rail car 32. The lateral walls 33 bend outwards beyond the height of the rocker arm 18 and exit or retract forward, with sufficient spacing from each other for movement of the linkage system,
The connecting system pivotally mounted on the console 16 can be carried out without obstructing the rotational movement required for the work, which is larger than the tunnel width. Between the ceiling and the bottom of the tunnel, a pillar 34, which can be tilted upwards or laterally outwards (without tilting) through the top plate 35, is provided to support the operable excavation device against longitudinal forces generated during excavation work. Stand up. The right-angled column 34 is provided with a guide on the lateral wall 33 and a cylindrical column not shown.

Between the lateral walls 33, a conveyor 44 having an inclined table 42 at the front end extends. This conveyor is a track car 32 at an angle convenient for transporting the excavated material.
Supported by a rear bearing 36 and laterally mounted cylinder 38 adjusts the lift or tilt angle.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the traveling excavator in the state shown in FIG. 4, which is a driver's cab 39 provided on the upper part of the endless track and on the lower side of the top plate 35 and is arranged laterally with a space therebetween. A rocking arm 18 consisting of a swivel joint is shown. The rocking arm 18 is pivotally attached to the lower portion of the console 16.
Further, FIG. 9 shows a side piece 28 of the tool support portion 26, a hydraulic hammer 27 supported between the tool support portion 26, and a scratching blade provided at the outer ends of the excavator 29. The scratch blade is
It is placed on the outside of the conveyor 44 and in front of a platform 42, which is, for example, fan-shaped.

[0023]

With the excavator as shown in FIGS. 7-9 of the present invention, it is possible to remove, for example, old falling walls in narrow tunnels, pipes or underground sewer pipes, enlarge the diameter of tunnels, remove debris, etc. . Like the jib, the car can have a separate electrical remote control. A hydraulic device electrically operated by the tracked vehicle 32 may be mounted on a trailer vehicle for transportation. It is also possible to place other special vehicles instead of the tracked vehicle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an excavator mounted on the top of the excavation shield in a forward and backward turning position of the linkage system.

FIG. 2 shows the excavator mounted on top of the excavation shield in a forward and backward turning position of the linkage system.

FIG. 3 shows the excavating machine of FIGS. 1 and 2 with a work implement in which the excavator bar has been replaced by an excavating shovel.

FIG. 4 shows the excavating machine of FIGS. 1 and 2 with a work implement in which the excavator bar has been replaced by an excavating shovel.

5 shows the excavator of FIG. 1 with a short basic jib connected to an intermediate jib and a shovel bar with a excavator shovel.

FIG. 6 shows the excavating machine of FIG. 2 with a short basic jib connected to an intermediate jib and a shovel rod with a excavator shovel.

FIG. 7 shows a vehicle-shaped excavation device to which an excavation tool having a work posture corresponding to FIG. 1 is attached.

8 shows a vehicle-shaped excavation device to which an excavation tool having a work posture corresponding to FIG. 2 is attached.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an operating state of an excavating machine similar to FIGS. 7 and 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

10: excavation shield 34; pillar 12; support base 35; top plate 15; rotary bearing 39; driver's cab 16; console 42; tilting base 18; rocking arm 44; conveyor 19; swivel cylinder 46; excavator handle 20; control cylinder 48; Shovel 21; Jib 50; Shovel Cylinder 25; Swivel Cylinder 52; Intermediate Jib 26; Tool Support 27; Hydraulic Hammer 29; Excavator 32; Tracked Vehicle

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A jib which can be directly connected to one end with at least one excavator and which is attached to the upper support of the excavator at the other end and can be swiveled around a rotary bearing, and at least one control for changing the inclination of the jib. In a hydraulic excavator for an underground excavator comprising a cylinder and at least one other control cylinder for actuating an excavator which can be swiveled around a transverse axis, the jib 21 comprises a swinging arm swivelable by a swivel cylinder 19. It is suspended on a console 16 fixed to a rotary bearing 15 by means of a connecting system consisting of 18 and a control cylinder 20 for changing the inclination of the jib whose length can be adjusted and adjusted as parallel sliding bars of the rocker arm 18. Characteristic hydraulic excavator. 2. A rocking arm-joint having rocking cylinders 19 laterally spaced from each other and pivoted to the console is provided as the rocking arm 18.
Hydraulic excavator described in. 3. Two control cylinders 20 laterally spaced from each other and pivotally mounted on the console 16 are provided for changing the inclination of the jib and are adjustable as parallel sliding bars of the rocker arm 18. Claim 1 or 2 characterized by
Hydraulic excavator described in. 4. A hydraulic excavator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the horizontally adjusted jib 21 is at approximately half the height of the tunnel or excavator in its final swiveling attitude of swiveling back and forth. 5. The hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, wherein the jib 21 can be swung up and down by about 30 ° in a vertical position which can be reached by the parallelogram of the control cylinder 20. 6. The hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavation device is provided with a conveyor 44 below which the excavator can reach. 7. The hydraulic excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the excavation device comprises a tracked vehicle 32 having a top plate 35 to which a rotary bearing 15 is attached. 8. A crawler track vehicle 32 comprises a top plate 35 or a pillar 34 projecting from the side between the ceiling and the ground of the tunnel from above.
The hydraulic excavator according to claim 7, wherein the hydraulic excavator is fixed by the. 9. A lateral wall 3 having a top plate 35 fixed to a tracked vehicle.
8. The hydraulic excavator according to claim 7, wherein the hydraulic excavator is supported by 3 and the conveyor 44 is supported by an adjustable tilt therebetween. 10. A swivel cylinder in which a tool support portion 26 having a shovel (hacks, piercing teeth, etc.) and a hydraulic hammer (cutter, drill, etc.) on a front fork 23 of a jib 21 is supported by a rotary bearing at its center. 25. The hydraulic excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the hydraulic excavator can be turned by 25. 11. The at least one additional joint (eg, intermediate jib 52 and / or shovel bar 46) is movably connected between the front end of the jib 21 and the excavator 48. 10. The hydraulic excavator according to any one of 10 to 10.