JPH07104989B2 - Evacuation guidance method in case of fire - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to an underground substation, a cave, an underground mall, etc. It concerns evacuation guidance methods.

(Prior Art) As an evacuation guidance method when a fire occurs inside a structure or building as described above, the central monitoring room broadcasts all areas collectively based on information from a fire sensor. It is common practice to have each worker determine the escape route from his current position. However, since it is difficult for each worker to calmly judge the optimal evacuation route in an emergency, it is impossible to completely prevent a fatal accident due to a judgment error. Therefore, recently, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-58517, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-58519, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-27800, etc., attempts have been made to use a computer for evacuation guidance. Since the law does not take into consideration the current positions of workers who should be evacuated, there remains a problem that the shortest evacuation route cannot be correctly instructed to each worker.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and can correctly instruct each worker to an optimal evacuation route from the current position when a fire occurs. It was completed for the purpose of evacuation guidance method in case of fire.

(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention is based on signals from a fire sensor, an oxygen deficiency sensor, and a smoke sensor installed in each indoor area, and cannot pass through a fire area, an oxygen deficiency area, and a smoke generation area. In addition to calculating the area, the current position of the indoor worker is detected by the position sensor installed in each indoor area, and the shortest route that the worker can evacuate to the outdoors without passing through the above impermeable area is calculated. If it is impossible to set a route that does not pass through the impermeable area, the smoke generation area, the oxygen deficient area, and the fire area are sequentially excluded from the impermeable area to calculate the optimal evacuation route, and the operator sets the optimal evacuation route. It is characterized by instructing to.

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 1 and FIG.

Suppose now that a fire broke out in the central corridor between B and G in a building having 10 rooms A to J and a central corridor as shown in FIG. The interior of this building shall be divided into a total of 15 areas, each room and each part dividing the corridor into 5 equal parts, and a fire sensor, oxygen deficiency sensor, and smoke sensor shall be installed in each indoor area. I shall. The fire sensor, oxygen deficiency sensor, and smoke sensor in each area are connected to the CPU of the central monitoring unit (not shown), and constructed based on the information from the fire sensor, oxygen deficiency sensor, and smoke sensor provided in each area. A fire area, an oxygen deficiency area due to a fire, and a smoke generation area are set inside the object. In the example of FIG. 2, the corridor between B and G is the fire area, A,
The corridor between F and C, H is an oxygen deficient area, room B, room G
The corridor between D and I is a smoke generation area, and the others are safety areas. In addition, in each area, a signal from a transmitter carried by the worker is radiated using a signal medium such as infrared rays, ultrasonic waves, and radio waves, and the current position of each worker can be grasped by receiving this signal. Since the position sensors that can be used are provided, and the outputs of these position sensors are also input to the CPU of the central monitoring device, the central monitoring device can grasp which area each worker is in when a fire occurs.

The central monitoring device has an evacuation route for each worker that allows them to evacuate from the current position to a safety compartment such as a staircase on each floor or outdoors through only areas other than the impermeable areas such as fire areas, oxygen deficiency areas, smoke generation areas, etc. Whether or not there is an instant is calculated, and if there are multiple routes, the shortest route among them is calculated. In this calculation of the shortest route, the evacuation distance of each route is calculated by adding the shortest length of the room and passage, the time required for opening and closing the door, and the time required for moving up and down in stages to the distance. As a result, even if the absolute distances are the same, routes that are often obstacles to evacuation, such as doors and stairs, are not selected, and the route where the worker is safest and can evacuate can be selected. When such a safe shortest evacuation route can be set, the optimal evacuation route and a message for each worker are displayed on the CRT screen of the central monitoring device, while the display device provided in each area is displayed. Also displays the same display to instruct each worker about the optimum evacuation route. When each worker has a communication device built in a helmet or the like, it is possible to give a voice instruction to each worker. Referring to FIG. 2, it is possible to easily set such a safe evacuation route for the workers in the rooms C, D, E, and J and the corridor between E and J. If the inside of the room is divided into smaller areas, for example, depending on whether the worker is in the position shown in or in the room D, it is possible to calculate and instruct which door to head. You can also

However, it is impossible for workers such as the above to set up an evacuation route that passes only through areas other than the above-mentioned impermeable areas. At this time, the smoke generation area with the least danger to life is first excluded from the impassable areas, and if it is allowed to pass through the smoke generation area, calculation is performed as to whether or not the evacuation route can be set. In the example of FIG. 2, A
Workers in rooms I and I will be able to evacuate if they pass only one smoke generation area.

However, for the workers in the F and H rooms and the workers in the G room, it is still impossible to set the evacuation route just by excluding the smoke generation area from the impassable area. If it is allowed to pass through the oxygen deficient area and the smoke generation area by further excluding it from the impassable area, it is calculated whether or not the evacuation route can be set. Evacuation routes can be set for workers at this stage. However, for workers, it is possible to set up an evacuation route only after taking a step further and excluding the fire area from the impassable area. In this way, in the present invention, the optimum evacuation route is calculated for each worker while relaxing the conditions of the smoke generation area, the oxygen deficiency area, and the fire area, which are less dangerous to life, and give an instruction to each worker. Since it is emitted, each worker can evacuate through the most preferable route based on the instruction.

(Effects of the Invention) As is apparent from the above description, the present invention calculates the optimum evacuation route that enables the operator to escape from the current position by the safest route after grasping the current position of each worker. Since it can be instructed to workers, it is an excellent evacuation guidance method for a relatively small number of workers who work inside underground substations and other underground structures and large structures such as buildings. is there. Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the conventional evacuation guidance method at the time of this kind of fire and contributes greatly to the development of industry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an evacuation guidance method of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a specific example of evacuation route setting. A to J: Room, ~: Worker.

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-51-57191 (JP, A) JP-A-61-70696 (JP, A) Actual development-Sho 58-47985 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fire sensor installed in each indoor area,
Signals from the oxygen deficiency sensor and smoke sensor calculate the impassable area consisting of the fire area, the oxygen deficiency area, and the smoke generation area, and the position sensors installed in each indoor area determine the current position of the indoor worker. Detecting this, the operator calculates the shortest route that can be evacuated to the outdoors without passing through the impassable area, and if it is not possible to set a route that does not pass through the impassable area, the smoke generation area and the oxygen deficiency are passed from the impassable area. An evacuation guidance method in the event of a fire, characterized in that the optimum evacuation route is calculated while sequentially excluding areas and fire areas, and the operator is instructed on the set optimum evacuation route.