JPH0698289B2 - Equipment for granulating and / or sieving material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Known granulators include a hollow cylindrical passage sieve having a housing and a vertical central axis disposed within the housing. The hollow-cylindrical passage sieve, together with the floor located near its lower end, constitutes a deep pan-shaped portion that opens upward. A stirring and passing mechanism having a vertical axis penetrating the floor and vanes is arranged in this portion. The drive device comprises a motor arranged on the outer side of the housing and a bevel gear mounted below the floor of the deep pan-shaped portion together with a carrier, the bevel gear connecting a vertical shaft to the motor in a swinging manner. There is. The pasta-like product to be granulated when driving the apparatus is introduced into the deep pan-shaped portion through the inlet located at the upper part of the housing and extruded through the passing sieve together with the blades of the rotary stirring and passing mechanism.

This known granulating device has the disadvantage that the material extruded by the hollow-cylindrical passing sieve has a tendency to remain, especially when it is relatively viscous, outside the carrier and the carrier. This not only reduces the maximum possible production rate, but can also lead to complete clogging. Moreover, the granules produced in this way often have significantly different sizes. The reason is that the part of the continuous body extruded from the hole of the passing sieve has a length different from that of the continuous body.

Devices of the same type or similar can also be used to grind bulk material and feed it through a passing sieve. The same problem may occur during granulation.

Furthermore, the materials granulated by the granulator have different strengths and toughnesses with respect to their solid component type and liquid content, and also different pressure sensitivities.

When the passing and / or stirring mechanism of the granulator moves the material to be granulated along the passing sieve and extrudes through the passing sieve, a force acts on the material, the action of which is that of the passing sieve and the stirring mechanism. Different with respect to the size of the gap between the vane. Known granulators in which the size of the gap between the passing screen and the blades of the passing and / or stirring mechanism is fixed in advance cannot adapt the above-mentioned gap to the characteristics of the product. As a result, for example, the pressure-sensitive material is impaired in its quality as it passes through the sieve, and the granulation of relatively hard materials becomes impossible or takes a very long time.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for passing material through a passing sieve which eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art devices. In that case, it is intended to produce a product which is as homogeneous as possible, especially when the material reached through the passing sieve is as tight as possible when using a granulator.

The above objects are achieved according to the invention by the means as claimed in claims 1 or 13.

According to the above means of the present invention, the height between the passing sieve and the passing and / or stirring mechanism is variable, so that the gap between the blade of the passing and / or stirring mechanism and the passing sieve is changed. The width of the gap can be perfectly adapted to the properties of the material to be treated. As a result, it is possible to avoid, for example, the deterioration of the quality of the pressure-sensitive material as it passes through the sieve, the inability of the relatively hard material to be granulated or the extremely long duration of time.

Advantageous embodiments of the device will be apparent from the features of the second and subsequent claims.

Hereinafter, the object of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

The device for passing the material depicted in FIG. 1 comprises a housing or platform 1. The pedestal 1 includes, for example, leg members including a bogie car. The drive unit 3 includes a motor 5, a reduction gear 7, and a frame 9, and the frame 9 includes a member that is attached to the pedestal 1 and that functions as a support member for the drive unit 3. The reduction gear 7 is, for example, configured as a speed change gear for changing the rotation speed of the drive shaft of the drive device in that case. In that case, instead of or in addition to this, the motor 5 also adjusts the rotation speed. Could be provided. The housing 11 is generally rotationally symmetric with respect to the vertical shaft 13 and is provided with housing members 15, 17 and 19 which are detachably connected to each other and arranged apart from each other. It is fixedly attached to the pedestal 1 in the form of a hollow cylinder according to the support material of the drive device 3. The upper housing member 17 is provided with a conical section 17a that narrows upward from the housing member 15 and a conical section 17b that expands upward in a funnel shape from the housing member 15. The narrow width portion 17c can be obtained. The lowermost housing member 19 is cylindrical, with its inner diameter and outer diameter slightly larger than that of the central housing member 15. The inner space of the housing 11 constitutes the passage for the material to be treated, i.e. passing through, indicated by reference numeral 21 in FIG.
The upper open end of 17 serves as the inlet 23 and the lower open end of the lowermost housing member 19 serves as the outlet 25.
The center and top housing members 15-17 are provided with ring flanges near their opposite ends,
The flange is connected to the bolt connection means depicted in FIG. The center and bottom housing members 15 or 19 are connected to snap tension members 27.

As can be seen more clearly in FIG. 2, the central housing member 15 is provided with an opening on one side bounded by the weld ring flange 31. A supporting member 33 protruding from the housing member 15 is fixedly attached to the flange, that is, welded, and the supporting member itself is attached to a pedestal member that carries the drive unit 3. A carrier 35 that exists at least in the direction of the main axis in the inner space of the central housing member 15 includes a ring flange 37 that is detachably attached to the ring flange 31 and a horizontal jacket 39 that is fixedly attached to this flange and has both ends open. It has a vertical jacket 41 attached thereto. A shaft 43 is axially and axially supported in the jacket 39, for example, by two bearings in a radial direction about a shaft 45 that is perpendicular to the shaft 13. The end of the shaft door 43 protruding from the inside of the housing member 15 into the inner space of the support member 33 is connected to the shaft 49 of the drive device 3 via a detachable joint 47. Jacket
Shafts 51, both ends of which project from here, are rotatably and axially supported, for example, around two bearings and a shaft 13 in a radial and axial direction. The bearing which serves to pivotally support both shafts 43, 51 is designed as a rolling bearing, ie as a ball bearing, for example. The end of the shaft 43 facing the vertical axis 13 is provided with a conical bearing 53, which meshes with a bevel gear 55 mounted on the shaft 51. Both bevel gears 53 and 55 are the shaft 4 that carries them.
3,53 and a bearing means for supporting the latter form a bevel gear device and / or a direction changing gear device 57. One cover member 59 is detachably attached to each of the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the outer cover 41, and the member 59 has one hole through which the shaft 51 penetrates, so that the product to be processed has an equal diameter. The bevel gears and / or block from the inner space of the carrier 35 including the moving parts of the deflection gear 57.

A ring 61 is fixedly attached to the lower end of the central housing member 15 so as not to come off, and is provided along a screw hole arranged along the circumference thereof, one of which is a fourth It is shown in the figure at reference numeral 61a. A curved front collar 63 which encloses the ring 61 and which is attached directly to the ring and / or the housing 15 is provided with a snap-on tensioning material part. A ring 65 is fixed to the outside of the ring 61, and is detachably attached. Ie bolt hole 65
It penetrates from there at a and is screwed into the screw hole 61a of the ring 61 and is firmly screwed into the bolt 67.

The ring 65 is welded to the passage 65, which consists at least in the direction of the axial groove, of a cover, or more precisely to its conical cover, so that it does not come loose.

The passing sieve 71 is at least rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis 13 as a whole, and is tapered downward from here at least as a whole in the shape of a cone, and at that time, the diameter of its narrower end is at most Desirably it is 25% of the thicker end, for example at most or almost 15%.

The angle between the passing screen 71 and the vertical axis 13, or more precisely the angle of the conical cover formed between them, is suitable at most 60 degrees, preferably at most 45 degrees, preferably at least 15 degrees, For example, a size of 20-40 degrees is good.

The holes for passing the passing material present in the passing sieve are limited to the inside and the outside of the passing sieve by means of the defined edges of the smooth conical surface. However, the passing sieve could be configured in the shape of a corrugated comb. In this case, the sieving surface forming the holes no longer constitutes a completely smooth area of the conical jacket, but rather projects slightly inside the jacket. Incidentally, the holes in the passing sieve 71 can also be circular or otherwise contoured. A cover member 73 is arranged at a lower end portion of the passing sieve 71, and the cover member includes a ring fixedly attached to the passing sieve 71 and members existing in the ring.

The passage and / or agitation mechanism 81 has a hub 83 removably fixedly attached to the shaft 51, at least one blade attached to the hub, and more preferably a uniform division around the hub 83, That is, it has three blades as shown in FIG. When the passage and / or agitation mechanism 81 is activated, it rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow 87, and the blades 85 bend in the direction of rotation from the hub 83 in the plane perpendicular to the shaft 13. Further, the blades 85 are entangled with each other along the shaft 13 similarly to, for example, turbine blades, and their lower end portions are displaced toward the rotation direction toward the upper edge portion.
For example, the vanes can run along the vane lines.
Only one of the vanes 85 is depicted in each of FIGS. 2 and 4 and is not twisted axially for simplicity. The outer edge of each blade 85 is located in a conical surface whose angle formed with the axis 13 is equal to the angle forming the passing sieve 71 with the axis 13. Therefore, the conical surface extending from the outer edge of the blade 85 runs parallel to the passing sieve 71. There is a free slit 89 between the outer edge of each vane 85 and the inner surface of the passing sieve.

The shaft 51 has a somewhat thin cylindrical end surface on the lower end thereof projecting from the jacket 41, and the end surface is a jacket.
A shoulder is formed on the lower side of the cover member 59 closing the 41 together with the cross section of the shaft 51 connected thereto. The hub 81 has a vertical hole penetrating therethrough and coaxial with the shaft 13. The hole has an enlarged portion at the upper end thereof, and the lower end portion of the shaft 51 is substantially radial in the enlarged portion. It passes through the interior without any clearance. There is a cutter guide 93 at the lower end of the hub 83 into which a compatible annular spacer 91 is fitted between the radial lower end surface of the shaft 51 and the shoulder surface of the longitudinal hole of the hub 83 facing the shaft. The guide 93 is provided with a disk-shaped member existing below a cover member 73 that closes the passing sieve 71 downward, and is connected to the hub 83 via a duct formed by the cover member 73 that closes at least slightly. It is connected. The fixing member 95 has a screw or a threaded bolt as a main component, and the bolt is a hub 83.
It is screwed into a threaded hole located in the lower end portion of the shaft 51 via a longitudinal hole located therein. The fixing member 95 detachably connects the cutter guide 93 to the hub 83 and the hub 83 to the shaft 51.

The fixing member 95 is configured to be connected to the shaft 51 so that the hub 83 does not move in the axial direction. However, the device preferably includes an annular spacer as an accessory and the spacer has the same inner diameter and outer diameter as the spacer 91, but preferably has a different dimension in the axial direction. The passing and / or stirring mechanism 81 is displaced upwards or downwards with respect to the passing sieve 71 by temporarily removing the passing and / or stirring arrangement 81 and replacing the spacers 91 with spacers having different axial dimensions. be able to. It goes without saying that the possibility of fitting a spacer, or several spacers at the same time, is then completely eliminated.

The passing and / or stirring mechanism 81 has at least 10 along the axis 13.
Displacement by mm or at least 20 mm is also conceivable. At that time, the fixing member 95 is the cutter guide 93.
Will be held at the same height relative to the passing sieve 71 regardless of the selected height of the passing and / or stirring mechanism 81. The width of the slit 89 between the outer edge of the blade 85 and the inner surface of the passing sieve 71 when the passing and / or stirring mechanism 81 is displaced upwards or downwards from the position depicted in FIGS. 2 and 4. It goes without saying that it will change. Therefore, this width can be adjusted by removing the spacer 91 and / or fitting at least other spacers to accommodate the nature of the material being pressed by the passing sieve 71 being processed.

The hub 83 is provided with an engaging member 97, that is, a shaft 51 by a key.
The cutter guide 93 itself is twistably connected to the hub 83 by an engaging member. It is desirable that this engaging member be configured so that the rotational position of the cutter guide 93 can be changed with respect to the hub 83. The cutter guide may be provided with, for example, a hollow, upwardly protruding neck portion that encloses the lower end portion of the hub 83 in order to form an engaging member of the same type. The neck can be secured to the hub by a key that is displaced along the inner or outer surface of the hub end portion. However, it would also be possible to have the toothed crowns on the hub end and the neck engaged with each other. The cutter guide 93 has a blade 101 for each blade 85
Is fixedly mounted, and the cutter 101 runs along the outside of the passing sieve 71 from here to the lower edge to the upper edge.
Therefore, the cutter 101, which is twistably connected to the passing and / or stirring mechanism 81, is provided with a blade on the front side with respect to the rotation direction thereof. This blade runs along the outer edge of the arranged blades 85, against which it can be displaced by an angle α with respect to the direction of rotation of the passing and stirring mechanism 81 and the cutter 101.

When the blades 85 are twisted along the axis 13 (which is desirable), the cutter blade must also run along the twisted line. Thus, for example, the blade of the cutter 101 is displaced along the entire height of the passing sieve 71 by an equal angle α with respect to the outer edge of the blade 85.

The shaft 51 is likewise provided at its upper end with a thin end portion which, together with its underlying portion, constitutes a shoulder surface via a cover material 59 which closes the jacket 41 at the top. A metering and / or granulating mechanism 111 is fixedly and detachably attached to the thin portion. This is hub 11
3 and vanes 115 fixedly connected to the hub and arranged around the hub. The hub 113 is provided with a coaxial longitudinal bore therethrough which extends downward in several steps. The upper end surface of the shaft 51 is the hub 11
3 protrudes into the second and second thickest cross section from the upper part of the longitudinal opening, holds the hub 113 in a substantially radial gap, and the hub 113 is non-rotatably fixed by an engaging member provided with a key. Connected with. The bolt-shaped fixing member 117 is screwed into the screw hole existing in the upper end surface of the shaft 81 through the uppermost cross section of the longitudinal hole of the hub 113, and the head mounted on the upper radial end surface of the hub 113 is screwed. Equipped with a hub
The shaft 113 is connected to the shaft 51 so as not to move in the axial direction in the state shown in FIG.

The hub 113 is provided with a main cross section that is tapered downward from its lower end in a conical shape, to which a shorter, cylindrical end face is connected. The outer diameter of the lower end portion of the hub 113 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the outer cover 41 and the closed portion 59 when the outer cover 41 is closed. In the state depicted in the drawing, the collar-shaped edge of the lower end surface of the hub 113 extends beyond the closing member 59 closing the upper end of the collar 41. The dosing and / or granulating mechanism 111 has, for example, the same number of blades as the passing and / or stirring mechanism 81, ie three blades 115, of which only one is depicted in FIG. The main cross-section of the vane 115 extends downwardly from the shaft 13 and expands downwardly so that the angle with the shaft 13 is at least approximately equal to that of the wall of the cone-shaped cross-section 17a of the uppermost housing member 17, for example. Is limited by the outer edges that are present. At the lower end of the blade 115, its outer edge transitions, for example, beyond the rounded transition cross section to the horizontal lower edge. The cross section of the blade 18, which is perpendicular to the axis 13, can be curved like the blade 81, for example. Furthermore, for example, the blade 115 is curved along the axis 13 like the blade 85. The device preferably further comprises, for example, accessories so that the dosing and / or granulation mechanism can be displaced relative to the housing 11 along the axis 13. This accessory is provided with ring-shaped or jacket-shaped spacers having different axial dimensions, which can be selectively fitted between the upper end surface of the shaft 51 and the mounting surface of the hub 113 arranged therein. You can Long bolts can be provided that can replace the longitudinal axis and / or the locking member 117 that is fixedly connected to the shaft for greater movement. Such an accessory makes it possible to move the dosing and / or granulation mechanism 11 stepwise from the deepest position shown in FIG. At that time, the dosing and / or granulation mechanism 11 is
5 passes through the narrow portion 17c of the uppermost housing member 17 and moves to such a height that the cross section of the blade outer edge portion farthest from the shaft 13 is at least approximately at the height of the narrow portion 17c.

Further fixed in the upper conical section 17b of the uppermost housing member 17 is a grid lid 121, which comprises a group of parallel rods and, in some cases, a group of rods intersecting this. There is. In that case, the width of the openings of the grid lid 121 must be larger than the width of the holes of the passing sieve 71.

The apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 can be used in particular for wet granulating materials. It consists essentially of a pasta-like mixture, which contains the specific active substances such as pharmacy actives and nutrients, adhesives and water or other fluids. The material to be granulated is introduced continuously or batchwise through the inlet 23 into the passage 21 defined by the housing 11, which material can be introduced, for example, in the form of pasta-like masses. . If the material contains extremely large lumps that interfere with the operation of the device, the lumps are held back by the grate lid 121 and granulated separately. In addition, the grid lid 121 acts as a protective measure in the event of an accident, and no one will enter the
From 23 it is not possible to reach into the metering and / or granulation mechanism 111 area.

In operation, the drive 3 drives the shaft 51 and also drives the metering and / or granulating mechanism 111 as well as the passing and / or stirring mechanism 81. The lumps of material to be crushed that reach downward through the openings in the grid lid 121 are the dosing and / or granulation mechanism 11
It is metered by 1 and sent downward to be crushed. The material thus treated in turn reaches the region of the passage 21 defined by the passing sieve 71 and is pressed through the holes of the passing sieve 71 through the passing and / or stirring mechanism 81 outside these passing sieve 71. A continuum of material emerges from the hole. These are cut into particles by the cutter 101 and fall down to the exit 1
Come out of passage 21 through 5. The particles emerging from the outlet 15 are dried, for example in a separate dryer, after they have reached the tank or the feeder directly below them.

The miter and / or the direction changing gear 57 are arranged on the upper part of the passing sieve 71, and the passing sieve 71 is connected to the housing 11 only near the upper edge of the passing sieve 71 so as to protrude from the lower housing wall outside the lower portion of the passing sieve. There is no wood.

Therefore, all the crushed particles coming from the lower side of the passing sieve are dropped without being hindered.

When the dosing and / or granulating mechanism 111 is in the deepest position depicted in FIG. 2, only the upper cross section of its vanes 115 will project into the inner space of the conical housing member cross section 17. . This metering and / or granulation mechanism
At 111, a relatively large amount of material to be crushed reaches the passing sieve 71 every unit time. Dosing and / or granulation mechanism
By moving 111 to a higher position, the free cross-section of the passage 21 in the region of the conical section 17a and / or the narrower section 17c of the housing 17 as well as the quantity of product reaching downwards per unit time is reduced. Dosing and / or granulation mechanism 111
The amount of product delivered to the passage area defined by the passing sieve 71 per unit time and / or per revolution of the shaft 51 at the same time by varying the height of the product is adapted to the nature of the product, in particular its viscosity. be able to.

The width of the gap 89 existing between the outer edge of the blades 85 of the passing and / or stirring mechanism 81 and the passing sieve 71 is likewise adapted to the nature of the product to be crushed by displacing the passing and / or stirring mechanism 81. be able to. The rotation speed of the shaft 51 and both mechanisms 81 and 111 connected to the shaft 51 can be adjusted within a range of 50 to 250 rpm per minute, for example.

The size of the produced granule pieces measured in the longitudinal direction of the product continuum emerging from the hole of the passing sieve 71 is the angle α when the cutter is displaced around the shaft 13 and in the outer edge direction of the blades 85 aligned with the cutter. Depending on the size, the particle size can therefore be adjusted by varying the displacement of the cutter 101 towards the outer edge of the blade. In addition, it goes without saying that the shape and size of the particles can be controlled by designing the holes of the passing sieve 71. In doing so, it is also possible to arrange passage sieves of various shapes, which can be replaced relatively quickly by temporarily removing the lowermost housing member 19. By quickly and removably attaching the lowermost housing member 19, it becomes easy to clean the passage sieve 71 and the cutter 101, and in that case, the cutter 101 and the passage sieve can be similarly removed as required.

The device can not only grind wet materials containing adhesives, but can also function to grind and screen dry debris or mass feed products. In that case, and
Alternatively, the fragments or lumps already crushed by the granulating mechanism 111 are further crushed by the passing and / or stirring mechanism 81 in cooperation with the passing sieve 71 and pressed through the passing sieve 71.

The cutter 101 is generally unnecessary and can be removed together with the cutter guide 93 in order to crush and dry material when using the device. In that case, a disk or special closure can be attached to the lower end of the arbor instead of the cutter guide 93 if necessary.

Depending on the case, the cutter 101 can be omitted even during wet crushing. That is, it is possible to procure a material in which the material continuum extruded from the holes of the passing sieve naturally decomposes into granules. If different from the above, the further generated material continuum can be crushed into granules by a separate device afterwards.

The device is a modification (a part of which is depicted in FIG. 5).
It has a series of components that are more or less similar to that of the apparatus depicted in FIGS. 1 through 4 and are numbered 200. In the device of FIG. 5, three housing members 215, 217, 219 are provided, for example a pedestal 201, a drive device 203 and a housing 211 which is at least generally rotationally symmetrical about a vertical axis 213 and which defines a passage 221 for the material to be passed. And the top housing member 217 further comprises two conical sections 217a, 217b which together form a ridge width 217c. The central housing member 215 is provided at its lower end with a ring 261 which projects radially outwardly. The lowermost housing member 219 has an edge portion bent outward in the lower end portion, and is detachably attached to the ring 261 by a snap-type tension member 227 that covers the edge portion with an annular pin. ,
That is, it is fixed and sandwiched. The housing 211 is attached to the pedestal 201 with an assembled carrier 225 that penetrates one side of the cover of the central housing 215. In the hollow carrier 225, a shaft 243 that rotates around the vertical shaft 213 and a shaft 251 that rotates around the vertical shaft 213 are connected to the drive device 203 in a radial direction by means of a bearing having a rotating center. It is axially supported. Both shafts constitute a miter and / or a direction changing gear 257 with a bevel gear fixedly connected to the shaft.
The hollow member of the carrier 235 penetrating the vertical shaft 251 is closed at the top by an annular closure 259 and at the top by an annular closure 260. Within the openings of both closures 259, 269 there are further retaining rings or similar clamping rings for retaining and fixing the shaft 251.

A ring 260 is detachably attached to the lower side of the ring 261 by a screw or a threaded bolt that penetrates the ring 261.
The pair of sieves 271 is provided with a main cross section that is tapered outward in the shape of a cone and a peripheral edge portion 271a that projects radially outward in the vicinity of this upper end portion, and the peripheral edge portion 271a includes both rings 26.
It is fixedly sandwiched between 1,265 and / or optionally welded or brazed to the ring 265. The edge portion 271a has holes similar to the conical main cross section of the passing sieve 271, but that of the edge portion is covered by both rings 261 and 265 so that the passing material passes exclusively through the conical passing sieve portion. Is able to. At the lower end of the passage sieve 271 is fixedly attached a closing member 273 composed of a ring which functions to reinforce the passage sieve 271.

The passing and / or stirring mechanism 281 fixedly attached to the shaft 251 comprises a hub 283, the hub 283 having a portion 283a having a cylindrical outer surface downwardly from the top and a conical shape downwardly. 283b with outer surface flared to
And a portion 283c having a tapered outer surface in the downward direction, a packing 283d protruding slightly outward, and a cylindrical journal having a cylindrical outer surface penetrating the closure 273. There is.

Two blades 285 are attached to the portion 283c, and these blades spirally extend around the entire circumference of the hub in the same manner as a fin made of a double-threaded screw, and their outer diameters in the direction of the passing sieve 271 respectively. , It extends beyond the height which occupies almost two-thirds of the height of the passing sieve. The hub 283 is provided with a longitudinal opening 283f penetrating in the axial direction, and the opening 283f is provided with a stepped enlarged portion at its upper end portion. A locking piece 297, that is, a key is arranged in the main cross section of the enlarged portion,
The key is connected to the shaft 251 so that the hub 283 can be twisted and displaced axially. A ring-shaped spacer 303 exists between the radial shoulder surface that defines the uppermost enlarged surface of the hub 283 in the downward direction and the radial shoulder surface of the shaft 251. It has a through groove for the piece 297 (key). A ring-shaped free hollow space is formed between the lower end surface of the shaft 251 and the radial protection surface of the longitudinal opening 283 facing the lower end surface. A ring-shaped cutter guide 293 is arranged below the closing member 273 of the passage sieve 271 and is rotatable with respect to at least one locking piece, that is, a journal 283e forming the lower end surface of the hub 283 together with a key, and a hub 233. Is a cutter guide 2
It is connected so as to be displaced in the axial direction with respect to 93. A ring-shaped spacer 305 exists between the radial flange that defines the cutter guide 293 on the upper side and the radial shoulder surface of the packing 383d that faces the flange. Cutter guide 2
93 and the hub 283 are detachably fixed to the shaft 251 together with a fixing member 295, that is, a bolt penetrating the hub and screwed into the axial screw hole of the shaft 251. The cutter guide 293 has a cutter 301 arranged around the axis of the hub 283.
Two are attached. Each cutter 301 extends from the cutter guide 293 along the conical outer surface of the passing sieve 271 to the vicinity of this upper end and along a vertical plane extending through the hub axle. However, the cutter instead runs along a spiral about the hub axle at the same winding direction as the vanes 285 and at least about the same pitch. The rotational position of the cutter 301 with respect to the rotational position of the blade 285 is determined by the position of the groove existing in the journal 283e and the cutter guide 293, and the engaging piece 299 is engaged therein, and can be adapted to the material passing through. Further, various grooves can be provided, and a locking piece 299 can be fitted therein according to the selection, and the locking piece can be moved to change the rotational position of the cutter 301 with respect to the position of the blade 285.

A ring-shaped spacer 323 having a stepped end surface at the stepped end of the shaft 251 protruding from the carrier through the upper closure 260 and a metering and / or forming device having a stepped longitudinal opening therethrough. The hub 313 of the grain mechanism 311 is attached. The hub 313 has a short conical outer surface that widens upward from the bottom to the top and a long conical outer surface that narrows upward. Hub 31 in the latter area
Attached to 3 is a vane whose outer edge sets the envelope with the circumference of the hub lying near the abutting position of both conical hub surfaces. The vanes 315 can extend parallel to the axis of the hub 313 or can be twisted around the hub 313. The dosing and / or granulating mechanism 311 is removably fixedly attached to the shaft 251 by, for example, a screw-shaped fixing member 317, and is rotatably and axially moved with the shaft by at least a locking piece 319, that is, a key. Can be connected as.

The device of FIG. 5 can be driven in a similar manner to the device described with reference to FIGS.

If the dosing and / or stirring mechanism 281 can be attached to the shaft 251 in a manner as depicted in FIG. 5, for example between the outer edge of each vane 285 and the inner surface of the passing sieve 271. Can be provided with only a relatively small gap, whose blades can optionally also come into contact with the passing sieve. In that case, the passage and / or agitation mechanism 281 may be temporarily separated from the shaft 281 and the spacer 303 may be replaced by a thin spacer 305 present as an accessory or removed without replacement. Further, the spacer 305 can be replaced with a thick spacer. By moving the metering and / or stirring mechanism 281 upward along the axis 213 in this manner, the size of the gap between the outer edge of the blade and the inner surface of the conical passage sieve can be changed. .
It goes without saying that spacers of different thicknesses, which can be fitted according to the choice, can be present, in which case two or more spacers are arranged apart from each other instead of each spacer 303-305. You can also

When the dosing and / or granulating mechanism 311 is attached to the shaft 251 in a manner as depicted in FIG. 5, the abutting position of both conical outer surfaces of the hub 313 and the lower ends of the vanes 315 are It exists almost at the height of the ridge width portion 217c. If necessary, the spacer 323 is not replaced, but is temporarily removed by loosening the dosing and / or granulating mechanism 311 so that the blade 315 penetrates the ridge width portion 217c by the dosing and / or granulating mechanism. Can reach deeper positions. Instead of spacer 323 (or) this spacer 323
Alternatively, it may be disposed between the closure 260 and the end portion of the hub 313 facing the closure 260.

The device can also be modified in other ways. The passage and / or agitation mechanism 81-281 can be adjusted in height stepwise by replacing the spacers to shift the shaft 51-281.
Instead of being attached to 251 the height of the passage and / or stirring mechanism, or at least the height of its vanes, is continuously or stepwise by providing the passage and / or stirring mechanism with an adjusting nut or other adjusting means. It can be changed. Instead of or in addition to being attached to the shafts 51 to 251 so that the passing and / or stirring mechanism can be displaced or moved, the passing sieves 71 to
The 271 could be mounted in a housing with adjustable height. Further, for example, the screw hole 65a of the fitting ring 65 of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is constituted by a slit instead of the hole, and the slit is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane or vertically depending on the case. It could be extended.

In the case of the metering and / or granulating mechanism 111 to 311 also, adjusting means is provided to displace the metering and / or granulating mechanism stepwise or continuously, and it is not necessary to replace any member. You can also do so.

Furthermore, the lowermost housing members 19 to 219 could be omitted and the passing sieve could be connected to the lower end of the housing.

In addition, the number and shape of the blades of the passing and / or stirring mechanism can be changed. Preferably, the passage and / or agitation mechanism comprises at least two blades, although for example only one blade could be provided. Further, the number of cutters may be set differently from those in both the embodiments of the drawings so that one blade is provided on each blade of the passage and / or stirring mechanism. The number of blades of the metering and / or granulating mechanism can be set to a number different from those in the above embodiments, and at least two blades can be provided depending on the purpose. Furthermore, in some cases it would be possible to dispense with a metering and / or granulation mechanism.

The passage screens 71 to 271, or more precisely the holes in the cover with holes for passage of the passage material, are completely conical. However, it is also possible to provide the lower thin end of the cone-shaped cross section with a passing sieve having a horizontal circular or annular cross section at right angles to its axis with holes for passing the material. See. In this case, it would be possible to provide a passing and / or stirring mechanism with vanes further provided with edges that extend downwards along the horizontal cross section of the passing sieve.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an apparatus for passing a material, FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical enlarged sectional view of a part of the apparatus, and FIG. 3 is the apparatus taken along line III-III in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of the passing sieve and stirring and / or passing mechanism of FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of FIG. 2, which is further enlarged, and FIG. 5 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a part of a modified version of the apparatus. Fig. 11,211 …… Housing, 13,213 …… Vertical axis, 71,271 …… Passing sieve, 85,285 …… Vane, 81,281 …… Passing and / or stirring mechanism, 51,251 …… Shaft, 101,301 …… Cutter, 21,221 …… Passage, 57,257 …… Miter gear, 111, 311 ... Distributing and / or granulating mechanism.

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A device for granulating and / or sieving material comprising a housing (11,211) and a passing sieve (15) attached to the housing and extending around its perimeter about a vertical axis (13,213). 71,271) and a passing and / or stirring mechanism (81,281) equipped with at least one blade (85,285) which rotates around the vertical axis (13,213) along the periphery of the passing sieve (71,271), The passing sieve (71, 271) has a section tapering from the top to the bottom along the vertical axis (13, 213),
The at least one blade (85,285) is arranged inside the passage sieve (71,271), and the height position of the passage sieve (71,271) and the blade of the passage and / or stirring mechanism (81,281) ( Device for granulating and / or sieving material, characterized in that the height positions of the (85,285) are mutually variable along said vertical axis (13,213). 2. The passing sieve (71,271) has a vertical axis (13,21).
Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with holes for the passage of material in the section which is tapered along 3). 3. The vertical axis (13,21) of the passing sieve (71,271).
Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the section tapering along 3) is conical
The device according to the item. 4. A drive unit (3,203) and a housing (11,21).
A shaft (51, 251) for rotating the passage and / or stirring mechanism (81, 281), which is rotatably supported in the radial direction and the axial direction with respect to 1) and is rotated by the drive device (3, 203), and 4. A passage and / or stirring mechanism (81, 281) is mounted on the shaft (51, 251) so as to be displaceable and / or adjustable in the axial direction, according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 1
The device according to the item. 5. The passing and / or stirring mechanism (81,281) is detachably screwed to a shaft (51,251) by a fixing member (95,295), and the passing and / or stirring mechanism (81,281) is provided.
5. The axial position of the at least one spacer (91,303) between the shaft (51,251) and the passing and stirring mechanism (81,281) can be changed by attachment / detachment / exchange of the shaft (51,251). The described device. 6. A plurality of spacers (91) which can be selectively inserted between the shaft (51, 251) and the passage and / or stirring mechanism (81, 281) are provided, and the spacer (91) according to claim 3, The described device. 7. The passing sieve (71, 271) is provided with a housing (11, 2).
11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the height position of the passage sieve (71,271) with respect to the housing (11,211) is variable, which is connected to 11). The described device. 8. The vertical axis (13,313) along the passage sieve on the side of the passage sieve (71,271) opposite to the side having at least one blade (85,285) of the passage and / or stirring mechanism (81,281). A cutter (101, 301) which is rotatable around the center and is non-rotatably connected to a passing and / or stirring mechanism (81, 281) has a passing sieve (71, 27) during granulation.
Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is provided for the fine cutting of a continuous body of material extruded from the holes of 1). 9. A cutter (101, 30) corresponding to each blade (85, 285) of the passing and / or stirring mechanism (81, 281).
Device according to claim 8, characterized in that 1) is provided. 10. At least one cutter (101,301) and a passing and / or stirring mechanism (81,281) are displaceable and / or adjustable relative to each other about said vertical axis (13,213). Claim 9
The device according to the item. 11. The passage sieve (71, 271) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that its upper edge is attached to the housing (11, 211).
The device according to the item. 12. A passage sieve (71, 271) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that its upper edge is attached exclusively to the housing (11, 211). Equipment. 13. A device for granulating and / or sieving material, comprising a housing (11, 211), attached to the housing, extending about its vertical axis (13, 213) and around said vertical axis (13, 213). 13,213), a passing sieve (71,271) formed in a tapered shape from the upper side to the lower side, a driving device (3,203), and rotationally driven about the vertical axis (13,213) by the driving device. A shaft (51, 251) that is axially and axially supported by the housing (11, 211) and at least one blade (rotatable about a vertical axis (13, 213) connected to the shaft (51, 251). A passage and / or agitation mechanism (81,281) provided with the blades (85,285), and the blades (85,285) are arranged inside the passage sieve (71,271) and movable along the periphery of the passage sieve (71,271). That in the form of ones, pass and or stirring mechanism (81,281) is being removably screwed by a shaft (51 and 251) to the fixing member (95,295) passes, and or stirring mechanism (81,2
The axial position of 81) is variable by attaching / detaching at least one spacer (91,303) between the shaft (51,251) and the passage and / or stirring mechanism (81,281),
And granulating the material, characterized in that the passing sieve (71,271) is connected to the housing (11,211) and the height position of the passing sieve (71,271) with respect to the housing (11,211) is variable A device for sieving.