JPS61278342A - Apparatus for passing material, especially, granulating and/or screening said material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

The known granulation device includes a housing and a hollow cylindrical passing screen having a vertical central axis located within the housing. The hollow cylindrical passage sieve, together with the bed present near its lower end, constitutes a deep pan-shaped part which is open on one side. A stirring passage mechanism with a vertical shaft and vanes passing through the bed is located within this section. The drive device comprises a motor arranged on the outside of the housing and a bevel gear mounted with a carrier below the floor of the pan, the bevel gear having a vertical shaft connected in a pivoting manner to the motor. There is. When the device is operated, the pasta-like product to be granulated is introduced into the deep pot-like part through an inlet located in the upper part of the housing and is forced through the passage sieve together with the blades of the rotating stirring passage mechanism.

This known granulation device has the disadvantage that the material extruded by the hollow cylindrical passing sieve tends to remain on the outside of the passing sieve and the carrier, especially when it is relatively viscous.

This not only reduces the maximum possible production rate of eel, but can also cause complete clogging.

Moreover, the granules produced in this way often have significantly different sizes. This is because parts of different lengths from the continuum extruded through the holes of the passing sieve will break.

A similar device can also be used to crush bulk material and feed it through a pass-through sieve. Similar problems may occur during granulation.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for passing material through a pass sieve, which eliminates the drawbacks of prior art devices. In particular, the intention is to produce as homogeneous a product as possible when using a granulating device, with as little sticking of the material as possible that has passed through the passing sieves.

The invention is of the type initially mentioned and claimed in claim 1.
This can be realized by the device according to the invention described in the feature description section of the section.

Advantageous embodiments of the device will become clear from the features of the following claims.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The objects of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

The device for passing materials depicted in FIG. 1 comprises a housing or pedestal 1. Inquiry IR1 has, for example, a leg with a bogie. The drive device 3 includes a motor 5,
It includes a reduction gear 7 and a frame 9, which frame 9 includes a member attached to the frame 1 and serving as a support for the drive device 3. The reduction gear 7 is configured, for example, as a speed change gear for changing the rotational speed of the drive shaft of the WJA drive in stages, but in that case, the motor 5 also adjusts the rotational speed instead of or in addition to this. We can provide the means to do so.

Housing 11 is generally rotationally symmetrical about a vertical axis 13 and comprises housing members 15° 17.19 which are mutually adhesively connected and spaced apart from one another, of which a central housing member 15 is fixedly attached to the frame l in a hollow cylindrical shape according to the supporting member of the drive device 3. The upper housing member 17 has a conical cross section 17a that tapers upward from the housing member 15, and a conical cross section 17b that expands upward from the conical cross section 17b in a funnel shape. A narrow width portion 17c is obtained.

The outermost housing member 19 is cylindrical, the inner and outer diameters of which are slightly larger than those of the central housing member 15.

The inner space of the housing 11 constitutes a passageway for the material to be processed, i.e., passed through, indicated by the reference numeral 21 in FIG. , and the upper open end of the lowermost housing member 19 makes an exit [ 25 and L7 ] Wj+.

The center and uppermost housing members 15-17 are provided with ring flanges near their opposite ends, which flanges are connected with bolted connection means depicted in FIG. The center and F-most housing members 15 or 19 are connected with snap-type tension members 27.

As is particularly clearly depicted in FIG. 2, the central housing member 15 is provided with an opening [1] on one side defined by a weld ring flange 31. As shown in FIG. A support member 33 projecting from the housing member 15 is fixedly attached to the flange, ie welded thereto, and the support member itself is attached to a frame member supporting the drive unit rR3. The carrier 35 existing in the inner space of the housing member 15 at least in the direction of the main axis is the ring flange 31
The ring flange 37 is detachably attached to a ring flange 37, a horizontal jacket 39 is fixedly attached to the flange and has both ends open L7, and a vertical jacket 41 is attached to the ring flange 37. A shaft 43 is mounted in the nuclear envelope 39 radially and axially about an axis 45, which is perpendicular to the axis 13, for example, by means of two bearings. The end of the shaft 43 protruding from the inside of the housing member 15 into the inner space of the support member 33 is connected to the shaft 49 of the drive device 3 via a detachable joint 47. Outer cover 41
Inside, a shaft 51 with both ends protruding therefrom is rotatably supported radially and axially around two bearings and a shaft 13, for example. Both shafts 43.51
The bearing which serves to support the bearing is designed as a rolling bearing, that is to say, for example, as a ball bearing. vertical axis 13
The end of the shaft 43 facing away is provided with a conical bearing 53, which meshes with a bevel gear 55 attached to the shirt (51) and (51).

Both bevel gears 53.55 are connected to the shaft 43.5 that carries them.
1 and a bearing means for pivotally supporting the latter constitute an equal diameter bevel gear device and/or a direction changing gear device 57. One cover member 59 is attached to the attachment/detachment opening 7t at the upper end and the lower end of the outer sheath 41, respectively.
9 has one hole for the shaft 51 to pass through, which prevents the product to be processed from the inner space of the carrier 35, which contains the bevel gears of equal diameter and/or the β1 moving part of the direction changing gear 57.

A ring 61 is fixedly attached to the lower end of the center housing member 15 so that it cannot be removed, and is provided along the circumference of the ring 61, one of which is a fourth ring. It is indicated in the figure by reference number 61a. ring 6
A curved front collar 63, which encompasses the ring and/or housing 5 and is attached directly to the ring and/or housing negative 5, is provided with a snap-on tension member section. A ring 65 is fixedly and detachably attached to the outside of the ring 61. That is, it is screwed into a bolt 67 that passes through the bolt hole 65a and is screwed into the screw hole 61a of the ring 61.

On the ring 65 there is a passage sieve 71 consisting of a cover grooved at least in the direction of the main axis, or more precisely, fixedly attached and somewhat welded to its conical cover in a fixed manner.

The passage sieve 71 as a whole is rotationally symmetrical at least with respect to the axis 13 and tapers downwardly from here into at least a conical shape as a whole, the diameter of the narrow end being at most 2 of the diameter of the thick end
Preferably it is 5%, for example at most or approximately 15%.

The angle between the passage screen 71 and the vertical axis 13, or more precisely the angle of the conical cover formed therebetween, is suitably at most 60 degrees, preferably at most 45 degrees, preferably at least 15 degrees, For example, a size of 20 to 40 degrees is preferable.

The holes for passing the passing material present in the passing sieve are defined by smooth conical limiting edges on the inside and outside of the passing sieve. However, the passage sieve could also be constructed in the form of a corrugated comb. In this case, the sieve surface forming the pores no longer constitutes a completely smooth conical jacket region, but partially protrudes only slightly into the interior of the jacket. Incidentally, the holes in the passage sieve 71 can also have a circular or other contour. A cover member 73 is disposed at the lower end of the passing sieve 71, and the cover member 73 is attached to the passing sieve 71.
It comprises a ring fixedly attached to and a member residing within the ring.

The passage and/or agitation mechanism 81 includes a hub 83 detachably fixedly attached to the shaft 51, at least one blade attached to the hub, and more preferably the hub 83.
3, i.e., it has three blades as depicted in FIG. When the passing and/or stirring mechanism 81 is actuated, it rotates in the direction shown by the arrow 87 and the blades 85 move toward the hub 83 in a plane perpendicular to the axis 13.
It is bent towards the direction of rotation. Furthermore, feather 85
are intertwined along the shaft 13 in the same way as turbine blades, for example, and their lower ends are offset in the direction of rotation beyond the upper edges. For example, the vanes can run along the vane line.

In each of FIGS. 2 and 4, only one of the vanes 85 is depicted, and for the sake of simplicity, it is not twisted in the axial direction. The outer edge of each vane 85 lies in a conical plane whose angle with the axis 13 is equal to the angle with which the passage sieve 71 is formed. Therefore, the conical surface extending from the outer edge of the blade 85 runs parallel to the passing sieve 71. There is a free slit 89 between the outer edge of each vane 85 and the inner surface of the passing screen.

The shaft 51 has a somewhat thinned cylindrical end surface at its "F-" end projecting from the jacket 41, which end surface is approximately below the cover member 59 that closes the jacket 41. The hub 81, together with the cross-section of the shaft 51 connected thereto, forms a shoulder.The hub 81 is provided with a longitudinal hole extending through it and coaxial with the shaft 13, which hole has an enlarged portion at its upper end. , the lower end portion of the shirt 51 passes through the enlarged portion almost radially without any gaps.The shaft 5
A compatible annular spacer 91 is fitted between the radial upper end surface of the hub 83 and the shoulder of the longitudinal hole of the hub 83 facing it.A cutter guide 93 is present at the upper end of the hub 83. The guide 93 comprises a disc-shaped member lying below a cover member 73 which closes the passage sieve 71 on the lower side and connects the hub via an at least somewhat closely closing duct formed by the cover member 73. It is connected to 83. The fixing member 95 has screws as main components.
Alternatively, a threaded port is provided, which bolt is screwed through a longitudinal hole present in the hub 83 into a threaded hole present in the lower end portion of the shaft 51. The fixing member 95 connects the cutter guide 93 with the cutter guide 93 and the ffJf! i! The hub 83 is freely and detachably connected to the shaft 51.

The fixing member 95 is configured to be connected to the shaft 51 so that the huff 83 does not move in the axial direction. Preferably, however, the device includes an annular spacer as an accessory, the spacer having an inner and outer diameter similar to spacer 91, but having different axial dimensions.

Displacing the passage and/or stirring mechanism 81 in an upward or downward direction with respect to the passage sieve 71 by temporarily removing the passage and/or stirring arrangement 81 and replacing the spacer 91 with a spacer having a different axial dimension. be able to. It goes without saying that in this case there is no possibility of fitting a spacer or, however, several spaces at the same time.

It is also conceivable for the passage and/or stirring mechanism 81 to be displaced along the axis 13 by at least IOm or at least 20 cuts. At that time, the fixed member 95 passes through the cutter guide 93 and/or the stirring mechanism 81
Regardless of the selected height, it is always held at the same height relative to the passing sieve 71. When the passing and/or stirring mechanism 81 is displaced −5 in the upper or lower direction from the position depicted in FIGS. 2 and 4,
It goes without saying that the percentage of slits 89 between the outer edge of the vanes 85 and the inner surface of the passing screen 71 will also vary. Therefore, this width can be achieved by removing spacer 91 and (
Alternatively) it can be adjusted by fitting at least other spacers and can be adapted to the nature of the material pressurized by the passing sieve 71 being processed.

The hub 83 is twistably connected to the shaft 51 by an engagement member 97, ie, a key, and the cutter guide 93 itself is twistably connected to the hub 83 by an engagement member. It is desirable that this engagement member is configured such that the rotational position of the cutter guide 93 can be changed with respect to the hub 83.

The cutter guide may be provided with a hollow, upwardly projecting neck that encloses the end portion of the hub 83 to form a similar type of engagement member. This neck can be secured to the hub by a key that is displaced along the inner or outer surface of the hub end portion. However, the hub end portion and the neck could also be provided with interlocking crowns of teeth. The cutter guide 93 has a force/7 force 101 fixedly attached to each blade 85, and the cutter 101
runs from here along the outside +1111 of the passage sieve 71 from the lower edge to the upper edge. Therefore, the cutter 101 which is twistably connected to the passing and/or stirring mechanism 81 has a blade on the front side with respect to the direction of rotation thereof. This blade runs along the outer edge of the array of blades 85, but can pass therethrough and/or be displaced by an angle α relative to the direction of rotation of the stirring mechanism 81 and the cutter 101.

When the vanes 85 are twisted along the axis 13 (which is desirable), the cutter blade must also travel along the twisted line. Thus, for example, the blades of the cutter 101 are displaced by an equal angle α along the entire height of the passage screen 71 with respect to the outer edge of the blades 85.

At its upper end, the shaft 51 likewise has a thin end section which, together with its underlying section, covers the jacket 4.
The shell surface is formed by a cover material 59 that closes the 1 at the top, and the thin part is provided with a dosing and/or granulation mechanism 11.
1 is fixedly attached and can be freely deposited. It comprises a hub 113 and vanes 115 fixedly connected to and arranged around the hub. The hub 113
is provided with a coaxial longitudinal hole therethrough, which widens downward in several steps.

The upper end surface of the shaft 51 protrudes into the second thickest section from the upper part of the longitudinal opening of the hub 113, and holds the hub 113 substantially radially without any gap.
It is twistably connected to the hub 113 by an engaging member provided with a key. A bolt-like fixing member 117 is screwed through the uppermost section of the longitudinal hole of the hub 113 into a hole present in the upper end surface of the shaft 81, and fixes the head placed on the upper radial end surface of the hub 113. equipped with hub 11
3 is connected to the shaft 51 so as not to move in the axial direction in the state shown in FIG.

The hub 113 has a main cross section that tapers conically downward from its upper end, and a cylindrical end surface that is shorter downward is connected to the main cross section.

The outer diameter of the lower end of the hub 113 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the jacket 41 and the closure part 59 that closes it.

In the inverted position, the collar-like edge of the lower end face of the hub 113 extends beyond the closure member 59 that closes off the upper end of the collar 41. The dosing and/or granulation mechanism 111 has, for example, the same number of blades as the passing and/or stirring mechanism 81, namely three blades 115, only one of which is depicted in FIG. The main cross section of the blade 115 is axis 1
3 and is defined by an outer edge extending downwardly and widening a conical surface whose angle with the axis 13 is, for example, at least approximately equal to that of the wall of the conical section 17a of the uppermost housing member 17. ing. At the lower end of the blade 115, its outer edge transitions, for example, over a rounded transition section to a horizontal lower edge.

The cross section of the blade 18 perpendicular to the axis 13 is, for example, the blade 8
Similar to 1, it can be curved. Furthermore, for example, the vanes 115 are curved along the axis 13, similar to the vanes 85.

Preferably, the device furthermore comprises, for example, an attachment so that the dosing and/or granulation mechanism can be displaced along the axis 13 relative to the housing 11. This accessory may include a ring-shaped or jacket-shaped spacer having different axial dimensions, which can be selectively fitted between the upper end surface of the shaft 51 and the mounting surface of the hub 113 arranged thereon. I can do it. A long bolt can be provided which can replace the longitudinal axis and/or the fixing member 117 fixedly connected to the shaft to increase the movement. Such accessories are included in the dosing and/or granulation mechanism 1.
1 can be moved stepwise downward from the deepest position shown in FIG. Preparation, dosage and/or
Alternatively, the granulating mechanism 11 has its blades 115 passing through the narrow portion 17cfc of the uppermost housing member 17, and the cross section of the outer edge of the blade furthest from the shaft 13 is at least approximately the narrow portion 17.
Move to such a height that it exists because of c.

A grid cover 121 is further fixed within the upper conical section 17b of the uppermost housing member 17, and the grid cover 1
21 comprises a group of mutually parallel bars and, as the case may be, a group of intersecting bars. In that case, the width of the openings in the grid cover 121 must be greater than the width of the holes in the passage sieve 71.

The apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 can be used in particular for wet granulation of materials. It consists of a roughly pasta-like mixture containing specific active substances such as pharmaceutical actives and nutrients, adhesives and water or other fluids. The material to be granulated is introduced continuously or batchwise through the inlet 23 into the passage 21 defined by the housing 11, the material being able to take the form of a pasta-like mass upon introduction.

If the material contains extremely large lumps that would impede the operation of the device, these lumps are held back by the grid lid 121 and granulated separately. Furthermore, lattice lid 121
serves as a safeguard in case of an accident, so that no one can reach the dosing and/or granulator+Jill area through the inlet 23 during operation.

In operation, the drive device 3 drives the shaft 51 and the passage and/or stirring mechanism 81 as well as the dosing and/or granulation mechanism 111 . The mass of material to be crushed, which reaches downwards through the openings of the grid cover 121, is metered by a metering and/or granulator and sent downwards to be crushed. The material thus treated now passes through sieve 7
1, passing through and/or
Or through the stirring mechanism 81 it is pressed through the holes of the passing sieve 71 and a continuous body of material emerges from these holes outside the passing sieve 71. These are cut into particles by the cutter 101 and fall down, passing through the outlet 15 and passing through the passage 21.
comes out from The particles emerging from the outlet 15 are dried in a separate dryer, for example directly onto an underlying tank or feed device.

The miter and/or deflection gear 57 is arranged in the upper part of the pass-through screen 71, and the pass-through screen 71 is connected with the housing 11 only near its upper edge, so that the fixing protrudes from the lower housing wall on the outside of the lower part of the pass-through screen. material does not exist.

Therefore, all crushed grains arriving from one side of the passing sieve fall unhindered downwards.

If the dosing and/or granulation mechanism 111 is located in the deepest position depicted in FIG. . At this dosing and/or at the location of the granulation mechanism 111, a relatively large amount of the material to be crushed reaches the "passing screen 71" per unit time. Measuring and/or
Alternatively, if the granulation mechanism 111 is shifted to a higher position, the amount of product reaching downwards per unit time, together with the free cross-section of the channel 21 in the area of the conical section 17a and/or the narrow part 17c of the housing 17, is also reduced. . By varying the dosing and/or the height of the granulation mechanism 111, the amount of product delivered per unit time and/or per revolution of the shaft 51 reaching the passage area limited by the passage sieve 71 can be simultaneously adjusted. properties, especially viscosity.

The width of the gap 89 existing between the outer edge of the blades 85 of the passing and/or stirring mechanism 81 and the passing screen 71 is likewise adapted to the nature of the product to be crushed by displacing the passing and/or stirring mechanism 81. be able to. shaft 5
1 and both mechanisms 81 and 11 connected to the shaft.
1 can be adjusted, for example, in the range from 50 to 250 revolutions per minute.

The dimension of the produced granule pieces, measured in the longitudinal direction of the product continuum emerging from the holes of the passing sieve 71, is determined by the angle α when the cutter is displaced around the shaft 13 in the direction of the outer edge of the blades 85 aligned therewith. Depending on the size, the particle size can therefore be adjusted by varying the amount of displacement of the cutter 101 towards the outer edge of the blade. Other passing sieve 7
It goes without saying that the shape and size of the particles can be controlled by the design of the pores in step 1. In this case, it is also possible to arrange passage screens of various shapes, which can be replaced relatively quickly by temporarily removing the lowermost housing part 19. The quick and removable attachment of the lowermost housing member 19 facilitates cleaning of the passage sieve 71 and the cutter 101;
In that case, the cutter 101 and the passage sieve can likewise be removed if necessary.

The device not only pulverizes wet material containing adhesive, but also pulverizes and sieves dry, broken or lumpy feed products.

In that case, by means of the dosing and/or granulation mechanism 111, the already crushed pieces or lumps cooperate with the passing sieve 71;
It is further pulverized by a passing and/or stirring mechanism 81 and pressed through a passing sieve 71.

When using this device, the cutter 101 is generally unnecessary for crushing and sieving the dry material, and the cutter guide 9
Can be removed together with 3. In that case, instead of the cutter guide 93, a disc or special closure can be attached to the lower end of the arbor, if necessary.

Depending on the case, the canter 101 may not be attached even in the case of wet crushing. In other words, it is possible to procure a material in which the material continuum extruded through the holes of the passing sieve spontaneously decomposes into granules. Can be crushed into granules.

The device is a variant of the device (part of which is depicted in Figure 5).
It has a series of components more or less similar in construction to that of the apparatus depicted in FIGS. 1 to 4 and whose reference numerals are increased by 200. The apparatus of FIG. 5 includes, for example, a carriage 201, a drive device 203, and, at least as a whole, rotationally symmetrical with respect to a vertical axis 213, the threading of the material to be threaded. i! Housing 21 defining 3221
1 includes three housing members 215, 217, and 219, of which the tenth housing member 217 has two conical portions 2 that together constitute a narrow width portion 217C.
17a and 217b.

The central housing member 21'5 is provided at its lower end with a ring 261 projecting radially outward. The lowermost housing member 219 has an outwardly bent edge at its upper end and is removably attached to the ring 261 by a snap tension member 227 secured by an annular tab covering the edge. , that is, they are fixedly sandwiched. The housing 211 has a central housing ring 21.
A prefabricated carrier 22 passing through one side of the cover of No. 5
5 is attached to the stand 201. hollow carrier 2
25 includes a shaft 243 which is twistably connected to the drive device 203 by a bearing with a rotation center and rotates around the vertical axis 213, and a shaft 251 which rotates around the vertical axis 213 in the radial and axial directions. Supported. Both shafts, together with a bevel gear fixedly connected thereto, constitute a miter and/or deflection gear 257. The hollow member of the carrier 235 passing through the vertical axis 251 is closed at the top by an annular closure 259 and by an annular closure 260 at the top. There is also a shirt inside the openings of both closing members 259 and 269)-251
A retaining ring or similar tightening ring is provided to retain and secure the.

A ring 260 is detachably attached to the lower side of the ring 261 by a screw or a threaded port passing through the ring 261. The pair of sieves 271 has a main cross section tapering outward in a conical shape and a peripheral portion 271a that projects radially outward near the upper end.
a is fixedly sandwiched between the two rings 261, 265 and/or optionally welded or brazed to the ring 265. The edge part 271a is the passage sieve 27
The conical main section of 1 is provided with holes as well, but the peripheral parts are covered by both rings 261 and 265 so that the passing material can exclusively pass through the conical passage sieve part. It has become. A closure member 273 constituted by a ring that serves to reinforce the lower end of the passage sieve 271 is fixedly attached thereto.

A passing and/or stirring mechanism 281 fixedly attached to the shaft 251 is provided with a hub 283 , the hub 28
3 is a part 2 with a cylindrical outer surface downward from the top;
83a, a portion 283b with an outer surface that expands in a conical shape toward the bottom, a portion 283C with an outer surface that tapers in a conical shape toward the bottom, a packing 283d that slightly protrudes toward the outside, and a closure member 273. a cylindrical journal having a cylindrical outer surface therethrough;

Two blades 285 are attached to the portion 283C, and the blades extend around the entire circumference of the hub in a spiral pattern similar to a fin made of a double thread, and extend in the direction of the passage sieve 271. The outer diameters each extend over a height that occupies approximately two-thirteenths of the height of the pass-through sieve. hub 2
83 is provided with a longitudinal opening 2 +33 f passing through in the axial direction, and the opening 283r is provided with a stepped enlarged portion at its F@ portion. In the main cross section of the enlarged part, there is a section I.
An L piece 297, that is, a key is arranged, and the key is connected to the hub 2.
83 is connected to the shaft 251 so that it can be twisted freely and displaced in the axial direction. The radial shoulder surface that limits the enlarged surface of the top part of the hub 283 toward the bottom and the shirt l-
A ring-shaped spacer 303 exists between the radial shoulder surface of 251, and its center opening is connected to each engagement 1F7 piece 29.
7 (key) has a through groove. shaft 251
The lower end surface and the elongated opening 283 facing the lower end surface.
A ring-shaped free hollow space is formed between the radial protection surface and the radial protection surface. A ring-shaped cutter guide 293 is disposed below the closing member 273 of the passage sieve 271, and is rotatable with the journal 283e that forms the lower end surface of the hub 283 together with at least one engagement piece, that is, a key. is connected to the cutter guide 293 so as to be displaced in the axial direction.

A ring-shaped spacer 305 exists between the radial flange that defines the cutter guide 293 on the upper side and the radial shoulder surface of the packing 383d facing the flange. The cutter guide 293 and the hub 283 are removably fixed together with a fixing member 295, that is, the hub is screwed into the axial end hole of the through-hole L7 shaft L251.
51. Two cutters 301 arranged around the axis of the hub 283 are attached to the cutter guide 93. Each cutter 301 runs from the cutter guide 293 along the conical outer surface of the passing sieve 271 near its upper end. However, instead, the cutter runs in a spiral around the hub axle at a pitch at least approximately the same as the winding direction of the vanes 285.
The rotational position of the cutter 301 with respect to the rotational position of the cutter 301 is determined by the position of the groove present in the journal 283e and the cutter guide 293 and in which the locking piece 299 engages, and can be adapted to the material passing through. Furthermore, various grooves are provided, and a locking piece 299 is fitted therein according to the selection, and the locking piece is moved to adjust the rotational position of the cutter 301 to the blade 2.
85 positions.

Upper closure member 260) lr - At the stepped end of the shaft 251 protruding through it and from the carrier, there is a ring-shaped spacer 323 with a stepped end face and a dosing and/or spacer with a stepped elongated opening passing through it. Or the hub 31 of the granulation mechanism 311
3 is installed. The hub 313 has a short conical outer surface that widens upward from the bottom and a long conical outer surface that tapers downward.

In the latter region, the hub 313 is fitted with vanes whose outer edges define an envelope with the circumferential line of the hub located near the point of abutment of both conical hub surfaces. Feather 3
15 can extend parallel to the axis of the hub 313 or can be twisted tightly around this hub 313.

The arrangement 1 and/or the granulating mechanism 31L are removably fixed to the shaft 251 by, for example, a screw-shaped fixing member 3) 7, and are rotatable with this shaft by at least a locking piece 319, that is, a key. Moreover, they can be connected to move in the axial direction.

The device of FIG. 5 can be operated in a similar manner 7 to the device described on the basis of FIGS. 1 to 5.

If the metering and/or stirring mechanism 281 can be mounted on the shaft 251 in the manner shown in FIG. can be provided with only relatively small gaps, the blades of which can optionally also be in contact with the passing sieve. In that case, the passing and/or stirring mechanism 2
81 is temporarily separated from the shaft 281 and the spacer 3
03 can be replaced with a thin spacer 305 present as an accessory member, or can be removed without replacement. Furthermore,
Spacer 305 can be replaced with a thicker spacer. In this way, the metering and/or agitator groove 281 can be
13 in the upward direction, it is possible to change the size of the gap between the outer edge of the blade and the inner surface of the conical sieve and sieve. It goes without saying that there can be spacers of different thicknesses, depending on the choice (1), which can be inserted into the openings, and in that case each spacer 303
Alternatively, instead of 305, two or more spacers can be closed apart from each other.

If the metering and/or granulation mechanism 3]1 is attached to the shirt 1-251 in the manner depicted in FIG.
5 is located approximately at the height of the narrow portion 217c. If necessary, the spacer 323 can be used without replacing the spacer 323.
Alternatively, by temporarily loosening the granulation mechanism 311, the removal arrangement and/or granulation mechanism can be performed so that the blades 315 of the granulation mechanism
It is possible to reach a deep position penetrating 17C. Several spacers may be prepared and placed between the closure material 260 and the end face portion of the hub 313 facing the - closure material instead of the spacer 323 (or). can.

The device may also be varied in other respects. The height of the passing and/or stirring mechanism 81 to 281 is adjusted in stages by replacing the spacer, and the shaft 51
to 251, the height of the passage and/or stirring mechanism can be adjusted by providing adjustment means such as adjusting nuts or holes for the passage and/or stirring mechanism, which is at least the height of its vanes. could be changed continuously or in stages. Alternatively or additionally, the passage and/or stirring mechanism is displaceably or movably mounted on the shaft 51 to 251;
The pass-through screens 71 to 271 could be mounted to the housing in a height-adjustable manner. Furthermore, for example, the first
In the case of the device shown in the figures, the threaded hole 65a of the ring 65 is formed by a slit instead of a hole, and the slit is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane or vertically as the case may be. Do: Let's do it together.

Dosing and/or granulation mechanism 11 I 7. In the case of the N-stone 311, adjusting means may also be provided so that the metering and/or granulating mechanism can be displaced stepwise or continuously without having to replace any of the parts.

It is also possible to omit the lowermost housing part 19 to 219 and connect the pass-through sieve to one end of the housing, and it is also possible to vary the number and shape of the vanes of the pass-through and/or stirring mechanism. . The passage and/or stirring mechanism could preferably comprise only one blade, for example;
It is desirable to have at least two blades. Furthermore, the number of cutters can also be different from the two embodiments shown in the figures, so that there is one cutter in each vane of the passing and/or stirring mechanism. Measuring and/or
Alternatively, the number of blades of the granulation mechanism may be set to a different number from that in the above embodiments, and may be at least two depending on the purpose. Furthermore, in some cases, dosing and/or granulation mechanisms could be dispensed with.

The holes of the pass-through sieve 7I to 271, or more precisely of its cover with holes for the passage of the pass-through material, are perfectly conical. However, it is also possible to provide a passing sieve having a horizontal circular or annular cross-section perpendicular to its axis and provided with holes for passing the material at the lower thin end of the conical shadow section. I can do it. In this case, a passing and/or stirring mechanism could be provided which has vanes below which further have edges spaced apart along the horizontal section of the passing sieve.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a side view of an apparatus for passing material; FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged vertical sectional view of a portion of the apparatus; and FIG. 3 is a view of the apparatus taken along line mm in FIG. 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2, further enlarged, and Figure 5 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a modified version of the device. Cross section 1゜11.211...Housing, 13.213.
... Vertical shaft, 71.271 Old... Passage sieve, 85.285 ... Vane, 81.281 ... Passage and/or stirring mechanism, 5
1, 251----Shaft, lot, 301・
...Cutter, 21.221 ... Passage, 5'/, 257 ... Miter tooth top, lit, 31
1...Dosing and/or granulation mechanism. Tadashi

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device for passing a material, in particular for crushing (and/or) sieving the material, comprising a housing (1
1, 211) and a vertical shaft (1, 211) attached to the housing.
A passing sieve (71, 271) extending around the sieve (71, 271)
), at least one blade (85, 285) interlocking along the passing sieve (71, 271), and the shaft (
with a passing and/or stirring mechanism (81, 281) rotating around the axis (13, 213), in which the passing sieve (71, 271) rotates around the axis (13, 213) from top to bottom.
3), in particular for the granulation of a material, characterized in that it has a tapered cross-section along the line and that at least one vane (85, 285) is arranged on its upper side; equipment for screening and/or sieving. 2. The passing sieve (71, 271) is the shaft (13, 213)
2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tapered portion is provided with holes for passing material through. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said part of the passage sieve (71, 271) is conical. 4. The positional relationship between the passing sieve (71, 271) and each blade (85, 285) of the passing and/or stirring mechanism (81, 281) with respect to each other changes along the axis (13, 213). An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: 5. The passage and/or stirring mechanism (81, 281) is axially displaceable and/or adjustable on the shaft (51, 251) that serves to drive the mechanism. An apparatus according to claim 4. 6. The axis (13, 2
13) and rotates around the passage and/or stirring mechanism (8
1, 281) and a cutter (101,
301) is present, and a passing sieve (71
, 271), the continuous body of material to be pulverized is cut into granules. 7. The blades of the passing and/or stirring mechanism (81, 281) (
85, 285), one cutter (101, 3
7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that: 01) is provided. 8. The claim is characterized in that each cutter (101, 301) and the passing and/or stirring mechanism (81, 281) can be displaced and/or adjusted in the direction of each other around the axis (13, 213). Apparatus according to scope 7. 9. According to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the passage sieve (71, 271) is attached to the housing (11, 211) near its upper edge. The device described. 10. Any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the passage sieve (71, 271) is attached to the housing (11, 211) exclusively near its upper edge. The device described in. 11, the housing (11, 211) is connected to the passage (21, 22
1) to guide the passing material from the top to the passing sieve (71, 271), in which case the drive device (
3, 203) together with a miter and/or direction changing gear (5
7, 257), and the horizontal shaft (49, 249) of the drive device (3, 203) is connected via the gear (57, 257) to the
) is rotatably connected to the passage and/or stirring mechanism (81, 281), in which the passageway (21, The part of the miter or direction changing gear (57, 257) present in the passing sieve (71, 271)
) and above the passage and/or stirring mechanism (81, 281). 12. Miter and/or direction changing gear (57, 257)
The shaft (13, 213) driven by this gear is mounted on the top of the
at least one blade (115,
315) with a dosing and/or granulation mechanism (111, 3
11) Claim 11
The equipment described in section. 13. Miter and/or direction changing gear (57, 257)
a shaft (13, 213) that rotates around the axis
51, 251), to which a passing and/or stirring mechanism (81, 281) and a dispensing and/or granulating mechanism (111, 311) are rotatably connected. 13. The device of claim 12. 14. The dosing and/or granulation mechanism (111, 311) is present in a part having a cross-sectional dimension that varies at least in part along said axis (13, 213); The position of the mechanism (111, 311) is the axis (13, 21)
14. The device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the device varies with respect to the housing (11, 211) along 3). 15. The passageway (21, 221) is provided with a tapered section on the top of the miter gear and/or the deflection gear (57, 257) and also has a dosing and/or granulating mechanism (111) relative to the housing (11, 211). , 311) is located at the mechanism (1
the shaft (13, 213) such that the shaft (11, 311) passes through this narrowed portion in at least one possible position;
Claim 1 characterized in that the scope of claim 1 varies along
The device according to item 4.