JPH06336755A - Side ditch unit block - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate an inefficient and dangerous marking stage of works in the case a side ditch unit block having the bottom in an open state is constructed and to provide the side ditch unit block capable of constructing a side ditch efficiently in a short period of time. CONSTITUTION:Narrow and linear projections 22a and 22b indicating a specific height from lower ends 15 of side walls 11a and 11b of a side ditch unit block 10 are formed. Marking can be eliminated by using the projections as a marking section indicating a placing height of invert concrete, and the side ditch unit block can display an effect preventing such an inconvenience as the placing height is erased when concrete is poured.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a concrete unit block for a gutter which is buried to form a gutter. In particular, when forming the gutter, it relates to a type of gutter unit block of which invert concrete is placed on the bottom surface, as the gutter unit block,
Many of the bottom surfaces are at least partially open.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, in place of a conventional U-shaped gutter block, upper portions of side walls 11a and 11b are connected by beams 12 as shown in FIG.
A gutter block 10 having a cross section close to an inverted U-shape in which is open is adopted. This gutter block 1
0 is because the upper end is connected by the beam 12 or the like,
Even when the deep gutter is formed of these blocks, the sidewalls 11a and 11b are not destroyed by the earth pressure during backfilling. Also, by placing invert concrete as will be described later on the bottom surface, there are many advantages such as being able to set a free water gradient, and it is a gutter block that is frequently used in recent civil engineering work.

This gutter block is laid by the method shown in FIG. First, to embed the gutter block,
Floor excavation is performed to excavate the sides of the road. A cut quarry, that is, a crusher run 2, is laid on this floor 1.
Next, the base concrete 3 is poured. On this base concrete 3, unit blocks 1 for a plurality of gutters
0.1-10. n are placed next to each other one after the other to build up a continuous gutter. Gutter unit block 10.1-1
0. When arranging n, the lower end 15 of each side wall 11
By installing a packer or wedge 4 etc. in
Adjacent gutter unit blocks 10.1 to 10. It is possible to adjust the bottom level of n. When the installation of the unit block 10 for the gutter is completed in this way, the invert concrete 5 is poured on the bottom 13 inside the block 10 for the gutter at the site according to the design gradient.

FIG. 7 shows a cross section of the gutter after the installation is completed. As described above, the base concrete 3 is cast on the crusher run 2 and the gutter block 1 is placed on the base concrete 3.
0 is set. Then, the invert concrete 5 is cast on the bottom surface 13 inside the gutter block 10. The casting thickness of the invert concrete 5 is determined in consideration of earth pressure and the like, and is usually a constant thickness, for example, about 50 m.
m is adopted. Therefore, the step of placing such invert concrete 5 is conventionally performed in the gutter block 10
After being installed, a predetermined size, for example, 50 mm, is stamped out from the lower end 15 of the gutter block 10 on site.
Inverted concrete is placed on the basis of the marked out line.

[0005]

By using the gutter block 10 whose bottom surface is in the open state as described above, a deep gutter can be easily constructed, and the slope of the bottom can be freely constructed. You can also However, some problems to be improved have been pointed out in the pouring process of invert concrete.

That is, as described above, when pouring invert concrete, it is necessary to carry out marking in advance. This work is a downward work in which the worker 8 is turned upside down to handle the black thread 9 and the like toward the bottom surface after the gutter block is installed, as shown in FIG. Is a bad thing. In addition, staking out also reduces work efficiency in that a plurality of workers are required. Furthermore, if the posture of the worker is not reliably maintained, a slip accident may occur in the gutter block.

[0007] In particular, the gutter blocks whose bottom surface is in an open state can form deep gutters, so that the gutter blocks are often deep. Therefore, the work of marking out near the bottom surface of the gutter block tends to be difficult. And since the width of the gutter block is narrow for workers to enter,
It is not easy for a worker to go down to the bottom surface to perform this work, and even when going down to the bottom surface, the work space is very small and the efficiency is low.

[0008] Further, the invert concrete is poured in on the site after the marking is performed, and then it is finished by manual work such as a metal iron. Therefore, before the leveling of the ready-mixed concrete, the marked out line is often erased, and the above work may be wasted.

Further, even when finishing the invert concrete, it is difficult to confirm the inked line in the work inside the gutter block because of the small working space and insufficient lighting. There is also.

Therefore, the present invention has an object to supply a unit block for a gutter capable of solving the above-mentioned problems, and for that reason, a gutter capable of preventing an increase in cost without affecting a prefabricated process or the like. The purpose is to provide a unit block for use.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the concrete unit groove unit for gutters according to the present invention, the left and right side walls having a substantially rectangular cross section are connected to their upper ends. It is characterized by having a connecting wall and at least one display portion formed at a predetermined height from the lower end of the side wall on the inner surface of at least one side wall.

By forming such a display portion at a position indicating the casting height of the invert concrete that is cast at the site, the casting height of the invert concrete is set on the inner surface of the set gutter unit block. There is no need to carry out the marking out. That is, since the display portion showing the pouring height of the invert concrete is previously formed on the inner surface of the unit block for gutters arranged at the site, it is not necessary to perform marking again. Therefore, it is possible to omit all work related to marking out with poor work efficiency, and the work process at the site is greatly shortened. Furthermore, there is an advantage that it is possible to prevent accidents of workers that may occur during marking. Further, even if the unit block for the gutter becomes deeper, the work at the site will not be difficult due to it.

In particular, it is preferable that the display portion is formed of a material having at least one of continuous protrusions, continuous recesses, intermittent protrusions and intermittent recesses. Such a display portion does not affect the strength of the gutter unit block, and it is not necessary to redesign the gutter unit block to form the display portion. Also,
It is possible to additionally install the gutter unit block of any shape.

Further, when the display portion having the projections or depressions as described above is used, when the inverted concrete is placed, it disappears even if it is once covered with fresh concrete or the display becomes difficult to see. There is no such problem. Therefore, check the height again at the site. 2
It is possible to prevent occurrence of heavy labor.

The position of such a display unit can be confirmed by the feel of the hand. Therefore, even when working in a place with little lighting such as the bottom surface of the unit block for gutters, the placement height of the invert concrete can be confirmed by the feel of the hand, reducing the labor of the worker and It is possible to increase efficiency.

There are many merits by constructing a side groove using such a side groove unit block.

Further, the display portion as described above can be formed by providing continuous or intermittent projections or depressions on the surface of the conventional inner mold, as described later. Therefore, it is not necessary to add a new process in the prefab process of the unit block for the side groove, and there are no disadvantages such as an increase in manufacturing time and an increase in man-hours as compared with the conventional process.
On the contrary, there is also an advantage that the side groove unit block having the above-described function can be manufactured by performing a simple process on the conventional inner mold.

Such a concrete unit groove unit for gutters, which has left and right side walls having a substantially rectangular cross section and a connecting wall connecting the upper ends of these, is a unit block for a gutter when prefabricating it. The inner formwork that defines the inner surface of the inner formwork, and the outer surface that defines the side wall of the inner formwork has at least one display forming portion from the outer end of the inner formwork in the direction that defines the lower end of the side wall. It can be easily manufactured by using an inner mold which is provided at a predetermined distance.

In addition, such an inner mold is often shared when manufacturing unit blocks for gutters having two or more kinds of depths. Even in that case, by providing the inner formwork with two or more display forming portions showing the pouring height of each invert concrete of the unit blocks for gutters of the respective depths, the gutter unit blocks can be appropriately arranged. The display portion as described above can be formed at any position. For example, depth 6
In the inner formwork capable of forming three types of unit blocks for gutters of 00 mm, 700 mm, and 800 mm, the display forming portion showing the height of the invert concrete of 50 mm from the bottom surface of the unit block has depths of 550 mm and 65 mm, respectively.
It can be formed at a position corresponding to 0 mm and 750 mm. As a result, the unit block for the gutter having a depth of 800 mm is formed with three streak display parts, of which the most appropriate one, in this case, the invert concrete based on the bottom display part. All you have to do is set the work.

Further, as described above, the display forming section is
It may have a continuous projection, a continuous depression, an intermittent projection, and / or an intermittent depression. Such a display forming portion does not affect the strength of the inner mold, and the design change of the inner mold is unnecessary. Further, it is easy to additionally install the display forming unit on the existing inner formwork.
The display forming unit can form a display unit having many advantages as described above.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an outline of a concrete unit groove block 10 for gutters according to an embodiment of the present invention. The gutter unit block 10 of this example has the same basic configuration as the conventional gutter unit block described above, and has substantially rectangular side walls 11a and 11b connected by a beam 12 at the upper side. The bottom surface 13 defined by the lower ends 15 of the side walls 11a and 11b is open, and becomes a region where invert concrete is poured after the gutter unit block 10 is placed on site. There is. Of course, the bottom surface 13 does not need to be entirely open, and may be connected by a beam or the like. Then, the end face 1 in the longitudinal direction of the unit block 10 for gutter of the present example.
6 is formed with a groove 17 for connection with a side groove unit block installed adjacently, and further, the side walls 11a and 11b.
A vertical beam 19 having a function of reinforcement is also provided on the outer surface 18 of the.

Further, the side groove unit block 10 of the present example.
Has two projections 21a and 22a formed on the inner surface 20a. Further, two projections 21b and 22b are also formed on the facing inner surface 20b. These protrusions 21a, b and 22a, b are a predetermined distance from the lower end 15 of the side walls 11a, b, in this case the protrusions 22a, 22b.
b is about 50 mm, and the projections 21a and 21b are formed at intervals of about 150 mm so as to be parallel to the lower end 15. These protrusions 21a, b and 22a, b are elongated strip-shaped or linear display portions having a convex cross section made of concrete and slightly protruding from the inner surfaces 20a, b of the side wall 11, respectively. The shape of the cross section of the protrusion has a height of about 0.5 to 15 mm, preferably 2 to
The width is about 10 mm and the width is about 0.5 to 15 mm, preferably about 2 to 10 mm. The two projections 21a, b and 22a, b are formed substantially continuously from one end surface 16 of the side groove unit block 10 to the other end surface.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing how the gutter unit block 10 of this embodiment is used to form a gutter.
The gutter unit block 10 of this example is subjected to floor digging similarly to the conventional block described above, and the crusher run 2 and the base concrete 3 are placed on the floor 1, and a plurality of them are placed on these. The unit blocks 10 for gutters are arranged adjacent to each other.

When constructing a gutter using the gutter unit block 10 of this example, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c),
Invert concrete 15 is poured into the gutter block 10 arranged as described above.

FIG. 2 (a) shows the unit block 10 for the gutter on which the level is set by using the wedge 4 on the base concrete 3. In this state, the side wall 11
The protrusions 21a, b and 22a, b provided on the inner surfaces 20a, b of a, b are display portions for instructing a predetermined height from the lower end 15. That is, the projections 21a, b and 22a, b have a function as a pair of display portions, and the projections 22a, b are the gutter unit blocks 10 of this example.
In the above, a linear display portion showing a height of about 50 mm from the lower end 15 is formed. The height from the lower end 15 is equal to the casting height of the invert concrete, which is determined by design or from standards. Therefore, the invert concrete may be placed by targeting the projections 22a and 22b. In the conventional case, after the gutter unit block 10 is placed on the base concrete 3, the operator sets the placing height. It is possible to omit the work of marking out, which has been performed to display the message.

For this reason, the side groove unit block 10 of the present example.
In the above, when the installation work of the gutter block 10 on the base concrete 3 is completed, it is possible to immediately shift to the placing process of the invert concrete, and the work of marking out the work efficiency is poor because the work is downward. It becomes possible to finish construction of the gutter in a very short period of time by omitting. Further, since the working posture is likely to be unnatural, it is possible to omit marking in many dangerous situations, so that it is possible to prevent accidents of workers and reduce fatigue.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, ready-mixed concrete 6 for invert concrete is poured into the gutter block 10. At this time, since it is impossible to pour the ready-mixed concrete evenly into the bottom surface of the gutter block 10 from the beginning, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the pouring height of the invert concrete is set at the pouring place. Fresh concrete 6 will be accumulated like mountains in a pile. However, in the gutter block 10 of this example, the casting height of the invert concrete is displayed by using the projections 22a and 22b. Therefore, even if the fresh concrete 6 is poured over the casting height, The concrete 6 does not cause the display of the casting height to disappear. Therefore, there is no need to perform an overlapping work such as performing stakeout again after roughly acclimating the fresh concrete 6 as in the case where the placement height is displayed by the conventional stakeout.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the poured ready-mixed concrete is finished flat with a metal iron or a wooden iron so as to have a gradient according to the design. At this time, the height of the top of the inverted concrete must be maintained so as to secure the thickness according to the design or standard, and the height is displayed by the projections 22a and 22b which are the display portions in this example. ing. Therefore, the worker may perform the finishing work with the projections 22a and 22b as targets.

In this case also, in the gutter block 10 of this example, unlike the display that can only be seen with the eyes such as black ink, the display that can be touched and recognized, that is, the protrusion 2
Since the placement height is instructed by 2a and 2b, the worker can check the finishing height by touching it with his / her hands in addition to the eyes. Normally, it is difficult to obtain sufficient illumination in a manual work in a space with a small working space such as the inside of the gutter block 10, and in such a case, it is an index that can only be seen with a black thread or the like. However, there is a problem that extra steps and nerves are required such as changing the direction of lighting each time the direction of work is changed. However, when an index that can be touched by hand is used as in this example, even if it is difficult for the operator to visually check it, the worker can easily continue the work, shorten the work time, and It is possible to significantly reduce the fatigue level of workers.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show an inner formwork 30 which defines the inner surface of the block, of the formwork for prefabricating the gutter unit block 10 of the present example at the factory or on site. Further, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing how the inner groove 30 and the outer mold 40 are used to manufacture the unit block 10 for gutters. Thus, the unit block 10 for gutters is manufactured by using the inner mold 30 and the outer mold 40 so that the top and bottom are upside down, that is, the open bottom surface 13 faces upward.

The inner formwork 30 of this example is an iron formwork having an open upper side and having two side surfaces. The general form forms a well-known conventional gutter block. It is similar to the inner formwork. The side surfaces 31a and 31b are substantially rectangular,
The upper ends of these, that is, the upper ends 36 of the regions forming the portions to be the lower ends 15 of the side walls 11a and 11b of the unit groove block 10 are open. This separated side 31
Hooks 37 are installed inside a and b,
When removing the inner formwork 30 from the gutter unit block 10, the hook 37 is lifted by a crane or the like. When the hook 37 is pulled upward, the side surfaces 31a and 31b are tilted inward, so that the inner mold 30 can be smoothly separated from the unit block 10. Also, the side surface 31
A space for forming the beam 12 above the gutter unit block 10 is provided below a and b.

The inner formwork 30 of this embodiment is further provided with the inner wall 30 and the outer wall 35a, b of the side surfaces 31a, 31b.
Three recesses 32a, 33a, 34a, and 32b, 33 are formed in regions defining the vicinity of the lower end 15 of a, b, respectively.
b and 34b are formed. These recesses 32a,
b, 33a, b and 34a, b are elongated strips,
Alternatively, they are linear depressions, which are formed in parallel with each other while maintaining a predetermined distance from the upper end 36. In this example, the distance between the recesses 32a, b and the recesses 33a, b and the distance between the recesses 33a, b and the recesses 34a, 34b are set to about 100 mm, respectively. These recesses 32, 3
3, 34 have a shape slightly recessed from the outer surface 35, the depth thereof is about 0.5 to 15 mm, preferably about 2 to 10 mm, and the width thereof is about 0.5 to 15 mm, preferably 2
It is about 10 mm. Such recesses 32, 33, 3
No. 4 is a minute one, and does not affect the strength of the inner mold 30.
The outer surface 35 can be easily formed.

The inner formwork 30 of the present example in which the three recesses 33, 34 and 35 are formed has three types of unit blocks for gutters having different depths, for example, depths of 600, 700 and 800 mm.
It can be used in common to manufacture the unit block for the gutter. Among these, FIG. 4 shows a state in which the unit block 10 for gutters having an intermediate height is manufactured using the inner formwork 30 of this example. First, the inner formwork 30 is installed on the base 45, and the outer formwork 40 is installed on the outer side thereof. The height of the outer mold 40 corresponds to that of the unit block 10 for the side groove having an intermediate depth, and the tip 41 of the outer mold 40 has the recess 3
It stops at a position midway between 3 and 34.

Next, the reinforcement 14 is inserted into the casting space defined between the inner mold 30 and the outer mold 40, and concrete is poured into the side walls 11a and 11b. At this time, projections 21a, b and 22a, b are formed on the inner surfaces 20a, b of the gutter unit block 10 corresponding to the recesses 32a, b and 33a, b provided on the outer surfaces 35a, b of the inner mold 30. To be done. Among these projections 21a, b and 22a, b, as described above, the projections 22a, b in the gutter unit block 10 of this example indicate the pouring height of invert concrete. Therefore, in the inner formwork 30 of this example, the recesses 32, 33, and 34 are display forming portions that form the display portions of the unit blocks for gutters.

As described above, by using the inner formwork 30 in which the elongated recess of the present example is formed, the unit block for the gutter provided with the display portion is added in the same manner as the conventional one, that is, a new process is added. Can be manufactured without. Therefore, the gutter unit block according to the present invention having many advantages as described above can be easily manufactured in a short time. Furthermore, the elongated recesses 32, 3 of this example
Since the display forming portions such as 3 and 34 can be easily introduced into the outer surface 35 of the conventional inner formwork 30 by a grinder or the like, they have been conventionally used to manufacture the unit groove for gutters according to the present invention. It is not necessary to dispose of the used formwork and manufacture it again.

In the above, the inner formwork 30 of this example is used.
Of the recesses 32, 33, 34 introduced in the
2, 33 to the unit block 10 for gutters, the projections 21,
22 are formed, of which the protrusions 22 are used to indicate the pouring height of the invert concrete. On the other hand, a block having a depth smaller than that of the unit groove for gutters shown in FIG. 4 and the like can be manufactured by using an outer formwork having a low height, and in that case, the projection 21 formed corresponding to the recess 32 has an invert concrete structure. Will indicate the casting height. On the other hand, the gutter unit block having a deep depth can be manufactured by using an outer mold having a high height, in which case three protrusions corresponding to the recesses 32, 33 and 34 are formed in the gutter unit block. However, among these, it is possible to indicate the height of the invert concrete by using the protrusion corresponding to the recess 34.

In the above description, the gutter unit block having the continuous projection display portion and the inner formwork having the continuous recessed display forming portion corresponding thereto have been described.
Of course, the display portion can be formed by intermittent projections, continuous depressions, or intermittent depressions. Then, it is easy to introduce the display forming portion corresponding to these into the inner formwork. For example, when introducing the display forming portion of the protrusion in order to form the display portion of the depression, a thin flat plate-like member may be attached to the outer surface of the inner mold form by welding or the like, and only the beat of welding is used to form the display. It is possible to make parts. Further, it is possible to easily place the invert concrete by forming the display portions on one of the side walls without forming the pair of display portions on the left and right side walls.

Further, the unit blocks for gutters are not limited to the above-mentioned shapes, but various types such as those without vertical beams or asymmetrical ones in which the upper surface defined by the upper beam 12 is inclined. Of course, all of these gutter blocks can form the above-described display portion.

[0040]

As described above, the gutter unit block according to the present invention is provided with the display portion indicating the height from the bottom surface on the inner surface of the side wall thereof.
It is possible to omit marking when placing invert concrete. Therefore, by omitting work that is inefficient and dangerous, the construction period of the gutter can be significantly shortened. At the same time, accidents such as slipping of workers can be prevented.

Particularly, in this type of gutter unit block whose bottom surface is in an open state, many are deep in depth,
The effect of shortening the process is large because the work of marking out can be omitted.

Further, even when the invert concrete is poured, the poured concrete does not cause the display portion showing the pouring height to disappear, and the duplicated work can be prevented. Further, also in finishing, the display portion introduced into the gutter block of this example can be recognized by tactile sensation, and the work can be easily performed even when the bottom surface of the block is dark.

Further, the gutter block according to the present invention can be manufactured in the same process as the conventional one using the inner formwork having the display forming portion introduced, and has many advantages as described above. The gutter block can be easily manufactured. Furthermore, since the inner mold form according to the present invention can be manufactured by slightly processing the inner mold form that has been conventionally used, there is an effect that it is not necessary to newly manufacture the inner mold form.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of a gutter block according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a process of placing invert concrete on the gutter block shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an outline of an inner mold used for manufacturing the unit block for gutters shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a manner of manufacturing a unit block for a side groove using the inner mold frame shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an outline of a conventional unit block for a side groove.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing how the unit blocks for gutters are arranged to construct the gutters.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing how to invert concrete in a conventional unit groove for gutters.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which marking is performed in order to display a driving height on a conventional unit groove for side groove.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ・ ・ Floor 2 ・ ・ Crusher run 3 ・ ・ Base concrete 4 ・ ・ Wedge 5 ・ ・ Invert concrete 6 ・ ・ Green concrete 10 ・ ・ Gutter unit block 11 ・ ・ Sidewall 12 ・ ・ Beam 13 ・ ・ Bottom 14 ・ ・ Distribution Line 15 ・ ・ Lower end 20 ・ ・ Inner surface 21, 22 ・ ・ Projection 30 ・ ・ Inner mold 31 ・ ・ Side surface 32, 33, 34 ・ ・ Recess 35 ・ ・ Outer surface 40 ・ ・ Outer mold 45 ・ ・ Platform

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Right and left side walls having a substantially rectangular cross section, a connecting wall connecting upper ends thereof, and an inner surface of at least one of the side walls formed at a predetermined height position from a lower end of the side wall. A unit block for a gutter made of concrete, which comprises: 2. The unit block for a gutter according to claim 1, wherein the display portion includes at least one of a continuous protrusion, a continuous recess, an intermittent protrusion, and an intermittent recess. 3. A gutter comprising the unit block for gutter according to claim 1 or 2. 4. When prefabricating a concrete unit groove unit block having left and right side walls each having a substantially rectangular cross section and a connecting wall connecting the upper ends thereof, an inner surface of the unit block for the side groove is defined. In the inner formwork, at least one display forming portion is provided on the outer side surface defining the side wall of the inner formwork at a predetermined distance from the outer end of the inner formwork in the direction defining the lower end of the side wall. An inner formwork characterized in that it is provided in. 5. The display forming unit according to claim 4,
An inner formwork comprising at least one of the continuous protrusion, the continuous recess, the intermittent protrusion, and the intermittent recess.