JPH06296556A - Hot water supplying device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a hot water supplying device which can supply good tasting hot water, filtering turbid components like scale, etc., and iron in the water. CONSTITUTION:This hot water supplying device is composed of a vessel 2 to store water, a heater 13 to heat the water in the vessel 2 and a filter 12 constituted by membranes made of a heat resisting material in layers.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot water supply device for supplying hot water for beverages at home or office.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Tap water in recent years contains a large amount of free chlorine due to chlorine disinfection, and has a lot of chlorine odor (chlorine odor). In addition, free chlorine reacts with organic matter to produce trihalomethane, which is a carcinogenic substance and is dangerous to the human body. Therefore, in the conventional water heater, boiling water is maintained for several minutes, and activated carbon is arranged to release or decompose free chlorine, trihalomethane, and musty odor in water into the atmosphere to remove bad components in tap water. .

[0003]

However, in the conventional structure, scale may be generated in the hot water supply device during heating in a region where water of high hardness is used. When attached to the container, this scale deteriorates heat conduction. It also causes turbidity and impairs the taste and aesthetics of water. In addition, water containing a large amount of iron is supplied from the aged pipe of the water supply. When such water is used, not only the flavor of the hot water is impaired, but when tea is added, iron reacts with the tannin of the tea to impair even the flavor of the tea. However, the conventional purification method cannot remove turbid substances such as scale contained in water and dissolved substances such as iron.

The present invention is intended to solve the problems of the conventional structure and to supply delicious hot water, which can easily remove turbid components such as scale in water and iron with a filter. The purpose is to provide a device.

[0005]

A first means of the present invention for achieving the above object is to stack a container for storing water, a heater for heating water in the container, and a film made of a heat-resistant material. A hot water supply apparatus having a filter arranged in a shape.

A second means of the present invention is a hot water supply having a container for storing water, a heater for heating water in the container, and a filter in which a film made of a heat resistant material is arranged in a spiral bundle. It is a device.

The third means of the present invention is, in addition to the constitution of the first means or the second means of the present invention, hot water supply using a fluororesin in which a part of the heat-resistant material used for the membrane is hydrophilized. It is a device.

Further, in the fourth means of the present invention, in addition to the constitution of the first means or the second means of the present invention, the heat resistant material is blended with at least polyfuccavinylidene and a polymer having a hydrophilic group. The water heater uses a membrane.

[0009]

When water is heated, it reacts as shown in (Chemical formula 1), and scale components such as calcium in water become insoluble and precipitate.

[0010]

[Chemical 1]

When the temperature of the water becomes high, the dissolved CO ₂
Is released into the atmosphere, the pH of water rises. When the pH rises, the iron content dissolved in water becomes insoluble and becomes particulate as shown in (Chemical Formula 2).

[0012]

[Chemical 2]

The present invention has been made based on these findings. According to the first means of the present invention, the filter acts so as to easily remove turbid components such as scale in water and iron, and it is possible to realize a water heater capable of supplying hot water with almost no iron or turbidity.

The second means of the present invention is that the spiral filter increases the surface area and acts as a compact module.

According to a third means of the present invention, a filter using a heat-resistant material such as fluorine partially hydrophilized acts to withstand hot water, has a long life, and removes iron and turbid components. Is.

Further, the fourth means of the present invention is that a filter having a heat-resistant material obtained by blending a polymer having a hydrophilic group with fluorinated vinylidene acts to filter even small particles with a membrane which does not require a post-process. Is.

[0017]

Embodiments of the first means and the third means of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 1 denotes a main body of the hot water supply device (hereinafter simply referred to as the main body 1), which has a container 2 for storing water having an inner diameter of 150 mm and a depth of 250 mm.
Inside the mouth of the container 2, an inner stopper 3 fitted so as to seal the mouth
Is equipped with. Reference numeral 4 denotes an upper lid that covers the upper portion of the main body 1 so as to be openable and closable. 5 is a check valve, which penetrates the inside plug 3 to make the container 2
It communicates with the inside and also with the atmosphere. Reference numeral 6 denotes a motor provided at the bottom between the main body 1 and the container 2, 7 denotes a pump driven by the motor 6, and its suction port 8 communicates with the bottom of the container 2. Reference numeral 9 denotes a discharge port of the pump 7, which communicates with a discharge pipe 10 which constitutes a pumping path. 11
Is a discharge port for pouring out the water passing through the discharge pipe 10 to the outside. Reference numeral 12 is a filter made of a heat-resistant material in which membranes are arranged in a laminated form, and includes a discharge pipe 10 and a water inlet 11
It is located between and. Reference numeral 13 denotes a heater for heating, which is attached to the lower side surface of the container 2. Reference numeral 14 is a start switch for driving the motor 6, and the push button 15 is pushed to lower the rod 16 to turn the start switch 14 on.
Is to be energized. Reference numeral 17 is a compression spring, which constantly urges the rod 16 to push upward.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. When supplying the hot water stored in the container 2, the push button 15 is pushed down. That is, the start switch 14 is turned on by the operation of pressing the push button 15, and the resistance is changed by further pressing to change the supply voltage, and the motor 6 is energized. When the motor 6 is energized, the pump 7 operates and hot water is discharged from the water injection port 11. At this time, the filter 12 acts to remove turbid components such as scale in water and fine particles composed of iron.

FIG. 2 shows the filter used in this embodiment, and FIG. 3 shows the details of the membrane used in the filter. The filter 12 is formed by laminating films made of a heat resistant material as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, polytetrafluoroethylene is used as the heat-resistant material, epoxy is used as the potting material 16 for forming the laminated structure, and polysulfone is used as the casing 17. Further, the film used is one prepared by a dry method, and as shown in FIG. 3, two flat films are bonded together in an envelope shape. This film has pores 12d of about 0.1 to 1 μm on the surface, and when passing through the pores 12d, turbid components such as scale contained in water and fine particles composed of iron are removed. Reference numeral 12c indicates a portion where two flat membranes are attached, and 12e indicates a portion where a gap is formed between the two flat membranes (hereinafter simply referred to as a gap portion).

Water enters through the inlet 12a of the filter, and through the hole 12d that is open to the outside of the laminated film, the gap 1
Through 2e to outlet 12b of the filter. The polytetrafluoroethylene used as the heat-resistant material in this example is extremely hydrophobic. For this reason, in order to pass water through the pores of about 0.1 to 1 μm, extremely high pressure is required, and at the pump pressure (0.15 kg / cm ² ) used in this example, no water permeates. . Therefore, in this embodiment, a part of polytetrafluoroethylene is coated with a hydrophilic polymer to make part of it hydrophilic and then used as a film. This hydrophilized portion acts as a filter medium for water, and the non-hydrophilized portion,
In other words, water does not pass through the hydrophobic part, but only gas passes through it.

That is, by leaving a part of the hydrophobic portion, an independent air bleeding mechanism is unnecessary, and the gas that has entered during heating can be easily discharged to the outside of the module, and smooth water filtration can be performed. is there.

Although polysulfone is used for the casing of the filter in this embodiment, polyphenylene sulphate, polymethylpentene, etc. can also be used.

The results of the experiment for confirming the effect of the filter 12 of this embodiment will be reported below (Table 1).

[0024]

[Table 1]

(Experimental water for use) The tap water of Osaka City with the following additives added is used.

Additives used CaCl ₂ 2H ₂ O: 0.273 g / l, MgS
_{O 4: 0.158g / l, NaHCO} 3: 0.280g / l, FeCl 2: 0.3mg / l, kaolin: 0.1 mg / l (analysis method) Total Hardness: water supply testing method 23.2.1, EDTA method Iron : Water supply test method 46.2.1, 1,10-phenanthroline method Turbidity: Measured according to water supply test method 3, turbidity test.

(Experimental Method) Using the apparatus shown in FIG.
After putting 3000 ml in the container 2 and heating and boiling for 3 minutes, the solution is sampled from the water injection port 11 and the concentration is immediately measured. At this time, Experiment No. 1 is Filter 1
Experiment No. was performed using only the casing instead of 2.
Reference numeral 2 shows the filter using the filter 12, that is, the filter of this embodiment.

As described above, in the present embodiment, scale components (total hardness), turbidity and iron content in water are efficiently removed.

As a result of this experiment, the iron concentration is 0.02 ppm. This satisfies the iron concentration of 0.02 mg / l or less, which was designated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare as "Requirement for delicious water" on April 2, 1984. In this case, the raw water used in this experiment has an iron concentration of 0.3 ppm, which is the upper limit of the water quality standard for tap water.

Further, in this embodiment, two flat films are attached to each other and are laminated. by this,
It is possible to realize a filter with a large filtration area with a small module. Further, the flat film constituting the filter 12 is easy to manufacture and can be stretched in two directions. Therefore, the holes 12d of the membrane can be formed into a substantially uniform circle, and the water permeability per unit surface area and the filtration performance are high.

Next, embodiments of the second means and the fourth means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 21 denotes a main body of the hot water supply device (hereinafter simply referred to as the main body 21), which has a container 22 for storing water having an inner diameter of 150 mm and a depth of 250 mm. The mouth of the container 22 is provided with an inner plug 23 mounted so as to seal the mouth. Reference numeral 24 denotes an upper lid that covers the upper portion of the main body 21 so as to be openable and closable. 25 is a check valve,
It communicates with the inside of the container 22 through the inner plug 23, and also with the atmosphere. 26 is a motor provided at the bottom between the main body 21 and the container 22, 27 is a pump driven by the motor 26, and its suction port 28 communicates with the bottom of the container 22. A discharge port 29 of the pump 7 communicates with a discharge pipe 30 that constitutes a pumping path. Reference numeral 31 is a water inlet for pouring out the water that has passed through the discharge pipe 30 to the outside. 32 is a water purification motor provided at the bottom between the main body 21 and the container 22, 33 is a pump driven by the motor 32, and its suction port 44 communicates with the bottom of the container 22. 34 is a discharge port of the pump 33, which is a filter 35
-Discharge pipe 4 that constitutes a pumping passage that circulates in container 22
It communicates with 3. 5 and 6 show the details of the inside of the filter 35 and the film forming the filter 35.
The water pumped up by the pump 33 passes through the filter 35 and is circulated again in the container 22. 36 is a heater for heating, which is mounted on the lower side surface of the container 22. Reference numeral 37 is a start switch having a variable resistor that drives the motor 26, and is operated via the rod 39 by the push operation of the push button 38. Reference numeral 40 is a compression type spring, and this spring 40 constantly urges the rod 39 to be pushed upward. Reference numeral 41 is a thermistor for measuring the temperature of the container, which is connected to the control device 42. Further, the signal from the control device 42 is sent to the motor 32.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. Container 22
When supplying hot water stored therein, the push button 38 is pushed down. That is, when the push button 38 is pressed down, the start switch 37 is turned on, and when the push button 38 is pressed down further, the resistance is changed and the supply voltage is changed.
6 is energized. When the motor 26 is energized, the pump 27 operates and sucks the hot water stored in the container 22 through the suction port 28 of the pump 27, and the discharge port 29.
The hot water is sent to the discharge pipe 30 and discharged from the water injection port 31. Further, when water at room temperature is put in the container 22, a signal from the temperature detection device 41 is transmitted to the control device 42 and the heater 3
6 is turned on, and at the same time, the motor 32 is operated. Motor 32
The pump 33 is driven by and the water in the container 22 is circulated again in the container 22 through the filter 35. In this way, the water in the container 22 boils, and after this boiling state is continued for 10 minutes, the control device 42 stops the motor 32.
By this circulation for 10 minutes, the filter 35 acts to remove turbid components such as scale in water and fine particles composed of iron.

The operation of the filter 35 will be described below with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 45 denotes a casing of the filter 35, which is made of polysulfone. 46 is an activated carbon provided on the outlet side of the casing 45. Reference numeral 47 is a film made of a heat-resistant material, and in this embodiment, the film is formed by a wet method by blending poly (fuccavinylidene) with an acrylic resin. Membrane 4
7 has a spiral configuration as shown in FIG. That is, the sticking portion 47a where the ends of the two flat films are stuck
And a space 47b having a gap (hereinafter referred to as a gap), and a PPS net is used as a spacer 49 between the flat films of the gap 47b. A non-woven spacer 50 is also provided between the membranes. Returning to FIG. 5 again, 48 indicates the membrane 47 and the casing 45.
It is a potting material that is fixed to and uses epoxy. Further, reference numeral 51 is a porous rod made of fluororesin, which is used for removing the gas generated during boiling.

The filter 35 of this embodiment can be easily made into a module having a wide filtration area by using the spiral membrane 47 as described above. Note that here, the film 47 is manufactured by a wet method. Therefore, the pores 47c on the surface of the film are very fine and can be set to 0.04 μm. In order to manufacture the film 47 by the wet method, the matrix of the film 47 needs to be dissolved in the solvent. Polyfukka vinylidene used in this example is a soluble fluororesin and is one of the most heat resistant films that can be produced by the wet method. However, when the film is formed only by using the poly (fucca-vinylidene) resin, it is highly hydrophobic and cannot be used as a filter because no water permeates at the pump pressure (0.15 kg / cm ² ) used in this example. Therefore, in this embodiment, the acrylic resin is blended to make the film hydrophilic.

Generally, a fluororesin has strong hydrophobicity and very poor water permeability, but blending a hydrophilic group improves the water permeability. When the film is dissolved in a solvent by using a wet method, the acrylic resin is mixed with a strong compatibility, and the acrylic resin is well mixed to strongly promote hydrophilization of the fluororesin. It should be noted that the membrane 47 can be formed by blending a polyfukka vinylidene with a hydrophilic polymer such as acrylic resin not only in the flat membrane as in the present embodiment but also in the hollow fiber type. In this embodiment, the filter 35
Polysulfone is used for the casing, but polyphenylene sulphide, polymethylpentene, etc. can also be used.

The results of an experiment for confirming the effect of the filter 12 of this embodiment will be reported below. (Activated carbon used) After reactivating the spherical activated carbon (Takeda Yakuhin, X-7000) to increase its activity, the surface was coated with polyolefin to suppress the generation of fine powder, and the one carrying silver was used as the activated carbon 46. I'm using it.

(Experimental water to be used) The tap water of Osaka City to which the following additives are added is used.

Additives used CaCl ₂ 2H ₂ O: 0.273 g / l, MgS
_{O 4: 0.158g / l, NaHCO} 3: 0.280g / l, FeCl 2: 0.3mg / l, kaolin, sodium hypochlorite (analytical method) Total Hardness: water supply testing method 23.2.1, EDTA method Iron: Tap water test method 46.2.1, 1,10-phenanthroline method Turbidity: Tap water test method 3, Turbidity test Residual chlorine: Tap water test method, o-tolidine method (experimental method) Device of FIG. 3000 ml of experimental water is put into the container 2 and stored in the container 2 for heating, and the boiling state is maintained for 3 minutes. Ten minutes after the boiling is completed, the push button 38 is operated to sample the solution from the water inlet 31, and the concentration is immediately measured. The results are shown in (Table 2). At this time, in Experiment No. 1, the filter 35 removed is
Experiment No. 2 shows the one using the filter 35, that is, the one of this embodiment.

[0039]

[Table 2]

As described above, the filter 35 of this embodiment
Is capable of removing iron, turbidity and free chlorine,
You can get delicious water. In particular, in this embodiment, the membrane 47 is manufactured by a wet method so that the pore size can be reduced. Therefore, it has a higher filtration capacity than the above-mentioned embodiment using the dry method. Further, in the case of the present example, the amount of scale adhered in the container 22 was smaller than that of the conventional structure, even if the above operation was repeated many times. At this time, the flow rate of tapping water each time was maintained at 3000 ml / min.

[0041]

The first means of the present invention is an apparatus having a container for storing water, a heater for heating the water in the container, and a filter in which membranes made of a heat resistant material are arranged in a laminated form, It is intended to realize a hot water supply device that can easily remove turbid components such as scales in water and iron and supply delicious hot water.

A second means of the present invention is a container for storing water,
As a device having a heater for heating water in the container and a filter in which a film made of a heat-resistant material is bundled in a spiral shape, the effect of the first means of the present invention is more compact and This is a hot water supply device that can be realized with the filter.

The third means of the present invention is to use a partially hydrophilized fluororesin as a filter membrane,
It is intended to realize a hot water supply device having excellent water permeability.

Further, the fourth means of the present invention realizes a water heater having a higher filtration capacity by including a membrane in which the heat-resistant material used for the filter is blended with at least poly-fuccavinylidene and a polymer having a hydrophilic group. To do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a water heater according to an embodiment of the first means and the third means of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the filter.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a film forming the filter.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a water heater according to an embodiment of the second means and the fourth means of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the filter.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a film forming the filter.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2.22 Container 7/27/33 Pump 12/35 Filter 13/36 Heater

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A water heater having a container for storing water, a heater for heating water in the container, and a filter in which membranes made of a heat resistant material are laminated. 2. A water heater having a container for storing water, a heater for heating water in the container, and a filter in which films made of a heat-resistant material are arranged in a spiral bundle. 3. The water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part of the heat-resistant material used for the film is a hydrophilic fluororesin. 4. The water heater according to claim 1, wherein the heat-resistant material is a film obtained by blending at least poly (fuccavinylidene) and a polymer having a hydrophilic group.