JPH06253615A - Method for precise sowing of seed and precise seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To evenly sow seeds one by one in a regular arrangement at a high density by accurately carrying out the furrowing of plural rows at a narrow interrow spacing while surely preventing clods and impurities from sticking and depositing on furrowers in sowing the seeds in a field after the tillage with a rotary tiller, etc. CONSTITUTION:This precise seeder is constructed by arranging a pair of right and left chute type furrowing plates (2) in pressure contact with both sides of retreating slopes in the latter half of disk units (1) having a sharpened part on the outer periphery so as to furrow plural rows at a narrow interrow spacing, a furrower (B) equipped with a mechanism for driving the disk units at a peripheral speed comparable to the advancing speed and a furrowing device (F) having the plural furrowers arranged in parallel. A suction type seed deliverer (C) is further arranged in the rear of the furrowing device to insert and sow seeds one by one at a regular interval in V-shaped furrows formed by the furrowing device.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a precision sowing machine and a precision sowing method for sowing seeds one by one in a regular arrangement in a field after tilling by rotary etc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A precision seeding machine for seeding an aligned single seed in a container for raising seedlings such as a box for raising rice seedlings and a tray for forming cell seedlings of vegetables is one of the devices incorporated in the seedling raising system. Known types include suction type and vibration type. However, the usage scene is different from the precision seeding of the present invention,
These devices cannot be used as they are in actual fields. On the other hand, a point seeder equipped with a seed-feeding device such as a suction type or a plate type is widely used as a seeder for the purpose of highly accurate seeding in a real field. These are seeders mainly intended for crops cultivated with a relatively wide spacing such as vegetables and beans. One seed can be sown, but a dense seeding mode with a narrow spacing cannot be applied. . This is also the inside out of the fact that there was no need for such a seeding method in the past, but the technical reason for this is the problem of the grooving technique.

Conventionally, as the groove making machine, a pair of rolling disk type has been widely used. However, this type has a problem in groove forming accuracy and a space for arranging the groove making machine. It is difficult to reduce the interval extremely. This is shown in Figure 8-
Describing on the basis of (A) and (B), the groove making machine of this form usually has a pair of left and right discs (44), an inverted Y-shaped support rod (45) for supporting the discs, and a soil scraper (4).
6), a guide tube (47) for guiding seeds to the groove, and the like. Here, the pair of disks (44) are attached to the support rod (45) at an inclination angle α = 30 to 40 ° with the point a as a contact point, and are arranged in a rearward spread state in a plan view. Therefore, the occupying width W of the pair of disks requires an unnecessary space with respect to the groove width W, which is a bottleneck in narrowing the strip interval. The actual width of the grooving machine of this form is about 10 cm. However, when the work is performed with the distance between the grooving machine and the adjacent grooving machine approaching to the limit, clods and foreign matters are clogged between the grooving machines. As a result, the clod accumulates in front of the grooving machine and the grooving accuracy decreases. Because of these issues,
The minimum line spacing in this type of groove making machine is limited to about 15 cm.

From the above reasons, it was difficult to realize high-density and uniform seeding in a real field with the conventional seeder.

[0005]

In recent years, from the viewpoint of cultivation, there is an increasing demand for precision seeding technology in actual fields. For example, regarding the seeding mode of wheat, the growth of wheat,
From the standpoint of yield, a high density and uniform sowing pattern with a single grain rectangular arrangement is ideal, but the realization of this is
In addition to the multi-grain feeding technology, the multi-story filling technology between narrow strips is indispensable. However, in actual fields, there are many factors that impede precision seeding, such as the assumption of contaminants such as straws and strains and soil conditions with high water conditions.

According to the present invention, while surely preventing the clods and contaminants from adhering to and accumulating on the grooving machine, a plurality of grooving grooves can be precisely formed on the cultivating surface at narrow ridge intervals to form one seed grain. The purpose is to disperse the seeds in high density and evenly as a regular arrangement.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the precision seeder of the present invention has a pair of left and right shoe-shaped operations on both sides of the backward slope of the rear half of a disk having a sharp portion on the outer circumference. A grooving device in which a plurality of grooving machines are arranged in parallel with each other, in which the groove plates are arranged in close contact with each other, and a mechanism for driving the disc body at a peripheral speed approximately equal to the traveling speed thereof is provided (see FIG. 2). ) Is provided. Further, in a diagonally upper rear part of the groove making device, a donut-shaped space formed by an arbitrarily variable rotating cylinder having seed adsorbing nozzles arranged on the outer periphery and a fixed cylinder concentrically provided in the rotating cylinder is provided as the fixed cylinder. The two strip-shaped partition plates buried in the surface of the chamber divide and seal it into two chambers. One chamber is connected to the outlet of the blower, and the other chamber is connected to the suction port to apply positive pressure and negative pressure respectively. Then, the seed adsorption nozzle adsorbs one seed grain,
The present invention is characterized in that a suction type seed feeding device that repeatedly discharges is provided.

In the precision seeding method of the present invention, a plurality of V-shaped grooves are compressed and formed on the cultivating surface at narrow intervals by the precision seeding machine having the above-mentioned structure, and at the same time from the seed feeding device at regular intervals. The seeds released grain by grain are inserted into the gaps at the rear edge of the shoe-shaped groove plate, introduced into the V-shaped groove, and the soil is suppressed by a compressing wheel to sow the seeds.

[0009]

According to the precision seeder of the present invention having the above-mentioned features, it is possible to narrow the spacing between the grooving grooves for the following two reasons. That is, firstly, there is a problem in the arrangement space of the grooving machine, but if this is explained based on FIG. 2, this grooving machine has left and right sides on both sides of the backward slope of the rear half of the disk body having sharp points on the outer circumference. A pair of shoe-shaped grooving plates are in close contact with each other. Here, the occupying width (W) of the grooving machine required to form the groove having a predetermined depth is about three times as large as the gap (W) between the pair of grooving plates for guiding seeds. If secured, it is possible to cope with it sufficiently, and even considering the gap (W) into which the seed can be inserted, a large space is not required.
Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently narrow the arrangement interval (Z) of each groove making machine.

Secondly, although there is a problem with the precision of the grooving, in this grooving machine, since the peripheral speed of the disk is driven at the same speed as its traveling speed, only the compressive force acts on the soil in contact with the disk. Therefore, the contact shear resistance between the soil and the disk can be almost eliminated. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the flow phenomenon (drag) of the clod, which causes accumulation of clod in front of the disk and clogging of the soil between the groove making machines. On the other hand, the soil and contaminants adhering to the disc body are surely removed by the shoe-shaped grooving plates that are attached to both sides of the disc body. Since it passes through the shadow area), the contact shear resistance with the soil is relatively small like the disk body, and the flow phenomenon of the clod particles due to this is unlikely to occur.

From these facts, the present grooving machine can smoothly pass through the soil without affecting the clod grains in the peripheral portion, and therefore, even if the arrangement intervals of the respective grooving machines are narrowed, there is a problem in work. It is possible to perform the groove with high accuracy without causing any trouble.

Next, seeds are sown into the plurality of V-shaped grooves formed as described above, but the seeds can be regularly and evenly sown for the following reasons. That is, the seeds discharged from the suction-type seed feeding device one by one at regular intervals enter a funnel attached to the seed hopper, and then pass through a rubber hose connected to the tip of the funnel, and the pair of left and right grooving plates are connected. Introduced into the trailing edge gap. At this time, the seeds were inserted into the soil with the pair of grooving plates temporarily securing the seeding grooves, so the seeds were stable without being affected by the natural collapse of the grooves after passing through the grooving plates. Depth (about 3c here)
m). Further, since the seed feeding device is installed at the ground height as low as possible, there is little time difference until the seeds discharged from the respective seed adsorption nozzles fall into the V-shaped groove, and the seeding intervals can be set in both vertical and horizontal directions. It is possible to sow with a minimum variation.

By carrying out a series of these sowing operations in parallel over a plurality of lines, it is possible to sow high density and evenly in one grain regular arrangement.

[0014]

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below. First of all, the main components of this precision seeding work machine are shown in FIG.
Forward / reverse rotary tiller (A), groove making machine (B), suction type seed feeding device (C), compression wheel (D) mounted behind the seed feeding device, tractor Blower (E) attached to the front of
And a grooving device (F) configured by arranging a plurality of grooving machines (B) shown in FIG. 2 in parallel at equal intervals.

Of these, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the groove making machine (B) is a disk body (1) having sharp points on its outer circumference, and shoes made of a pair of left and right spring materials which are pressed against both side surfaces of the disk body. A guide groove (2), a tapered rectangular bar (3) for supporting the groove plate, a rectangular cylindrical holder (4) fixed to the upper end of the rectangular bar, and a guide for guiding a rubber hose (23) described later ( 5). At the same time, here, 17 groove making machines (B) are arranged and fixed in parallel and at equal intervals via the shaft (6) and the tool bar (7) to form a groove making device (F). . The disk group is normally driven by a mechanism described later.

On the other hand, the seed feeding device (C) is shown in FIGS.
As shown in 7, a rotating cylinder (8), a fixed cylinder (9) concentrically provided in the rotating cylinder, and two resins partially embedded in two rows of long grooves formed on the surface of the fixed cylinder. A partition plate (10), a compression spring (11) for bringing the partition plate into close contact with the inner surface of the rotating cylinder (8), a seed adsorption nozzle (12) arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating cylinder (8), Support for a sprocket (13) fixed to one end of a rotating cylinder (8), a branch pipe (14) fixed to the inner surface of the fixed cylinder (9), an intake hose (15), an exhaust hose (16), and a seed feeding device. It is composed of a shaft (17). Of these, the fixed cylinder (9) is provided with an air exhaust hole (18) and an air intake hole (19), and the seed adsorption nozzle (12) is provided with a seed adsorption hole (20). A seed hopper (21) as an auxiliary device is a feeding device (C)
A seed receiving funnel (22) discharged from a nozzle and a rubber hose (23) connected to the tip end of the funnel (22) attached to the seed hopper for each row of the nozzles. A seeding device is also integrally formed with this.

The operation of the seed feeding device (C) will now be described. Of the donut-shaped space sandwiched between the rotating cylinder (8) and the fixed cylinder (9), the branch pipe (14) is provided in the small chamber (24). Also, the exhaust hose (16) is connected to the exhaust port of the blower (E) to apply a positive pressure, and the identification cylinder (8) and the intake hose (15) are provided in the large chamber (25) with the blower (E).
Connect to the intake port of and apply negative pressure. When the seed adsorption nozzles (12) arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating cylinder (8) pass through the large chamber (25), the seed hopper (21)
The seeds are injected into the seed adsorption holes (20) one by one, and when they pass through the small chamber (24), they are also separated by positive pressure to sequentially dispense seeds. The rotating cylinder (8) is driven by a DC12V motor (26) that uses the battery of the tractor as a power source, and this rotating speed can be arbitrarily set by a variable resistor.

In addition, the forward and reverse rotary tiller (A),
As the compression wheel (D) and the blower (E), existing ones or known ones are used.

Next, FIG. 1 shows the entire structure of the precision seeding work machine.
It will be described based on. First, on the two left and right slide hitches (27) attached to the rear part of the forward and reverse rotary tiller (A), a cylindrical holder (2
The cylindrical pipe (29) to which 8) is fixed is fixed. The two right and left cylindrical suspension rods (30) supporting the groove making device are vertically inserted into the cylindrical holder (28) and attached vertically by a mounting pin. A tool bar (7) for fixing the shaft shaft (6) of the body in a rollable manner and supporting the groove making machine (B) group is constituted by an L-shaped arm (31) so that the shaft can be rotationally adjusted about the shaft shaft. It is fixed. Further, the driving force of the disk body (1) is obtained from the rear PTO shaft (32) of the forward and reverse rotary tiller (A), but the rear hitch (3
A reduction gear (34) is installed on the slide hitch (2).
7) A bracket consisting of three sprockets (35) is fixed on the rear end of the rear end, and two small left and right sprockets (36) are fixed to the shaft shaft (6) of the disk body. (37) and a roller chain (38) are connected to form a mechanism for transmitting power.

On the other hand, a pair of left and right sockets (39) pinned to the rear end portion of the slide hitch (27) have a pair of left and right stays (40), a rectangular arm (41), a turnbuckle (42), and a rectangular tube. A seed feeding device (C) supporting frame composed of a shape hanging rod (43) is fixed so as to be adjustable in the vertical direction, and a front and rear position of the seeding device is adjusted by the turnbuckle (42). A rubber hose (23) is connected to the tip of the funnel (22) attached to the seed hopper (21) for each row of the seed adsorption nozzles (12), and the tip of the funnel (23) is connected to the pair of left and right grooving plates ( 2) Inserted into the trailing edge gap.

In the precision seeding work machine having the above-mentioned structure, it is possible to set the arranging interval of the groove making machine (B) as narrow as 4 cm, and in addition, there are foreign matters such as rice straw and rice plant. In the field, it was possible to perform a multi-row simultaneous production groove with the row spacing (Z) narrowed to 5 cm.

[0022]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION With the precision seeding machine of the present invention, it is possible to perform simultaneous multiple-grooving grooves at narrow strip intervals in an actual field and to sow one grain at a constant interval into the strip grooves. In addition, the seed interval (interval in the advancing direction) can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the advancing speed of the working machine and the rotation speed of the seed feeding device. A uniform seeding pattern can be realized. In addition, a wheat cultivation demonstration test using this precision seeding machine has confirmed that a yield increase effect of 30 to 40% is obtained in comparison with conventional cultivation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a precision seeding work machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the groove making machine and the groove making device.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the groove making machine.

FIG. 4 is a plan view and a bottom view of the groove making machine.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view and a partial sectional view of a seed feeding device.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of the seed feeding device.

7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a side view (I) and a rear view (I) of a conventional groove making machine.
I).

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Forward / reverse rotary tiller B Grooving machine C Seed feeding device D Squeezing wheel E Blower F Grooving device 1 Disk with sharp edges on the outer circumference 2 Shoe-shaped groove plate 8 Rotating cylinder 12 Seed adsorption nozzle 21 Seed hopper

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A grooving machine arranges a pair of left and right shoe-shaped grooving plates in close contact with both sides of a rearward slope of a rear half of a disc having sharp points on its outer periphery, and the disc is moved at its moving speed. A precision seeding machine having a structure in which a mechanism for normal rotation driving at a peripheral speed similar to that of the above is provided. 2. A donut-shaped space formed by an arbitrarily variable rotating cylinder having seed adsorbing nozzles arranged on the outer circumference and a fixed cylinder concentrically provided in the rotating cylinder, and two donut-shaped spaces embedded in the surface of the fixed cylinder. It is divided into two chambers with the band-shaped partition plate, and one chamber is connected to the discharge port of the blower, and the other chamber is connected to the suction port to apply positive pressure and negative pressure respectively.
The precision seeding machine according to claim 1, further comprising a suction-type seed feeding device that repeatedly sucks and discharges one seed by the seed suction nozzle. 3. When sowing in a field after cultivating with a rotary or the like, a plurality of V-shaped grooves are compressed and formed at narrow intervals on the cultivating surface, and are discharged one by one from a seed feeding device at regular intervals. A precision sowing method, characterized in that the seeds thus obtained are introduced into the V-shaped groove, the soil is squeezed by a squeezing wheel that follows, and the seeds are sown densely and uniformly in a regular arrangement one by one.