JPH06190788A - Cutting method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make cutting of good performance regardless of the sort of a work to be cut by means of vibrating a cutter. CONSTITUTION:A knife 36 is held by an ultrasonic converter 32, which is held by a rotary member 30 and elevating/sinking member 22. The knife 36 is given ultrasonic vibration from the converter 32 while the member 22 is given a low frequency vibration by an oscillating means 52, and thereby the knife 36 is given a complex vibration as containing both the high frequency component and low frequency component. In this condition, the whole construction of the body 20 of cutting device is put in relative movement to a material to be cut. and its cutting takes place.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutting method and apparatus for cutting an object to be cut such as cloth with a knife such as a knife.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when cutting an object to be cut such as cloth, a reciprocating motion (vibration) is applied to a knife such as a knife to move the knife or the like relative to the object to be cut in a predetermined feeding direction. It is done by Such a cutting device is roughly classified into a device using high-frequency vibration such as ultrasonic vibration and a low-frequency vibration having a lower frequency than that. For example, a cutting device using ultrasonic vibration is shown in FIG. Like a knife 9
The knife 92 is moved in a predetermined feeding direction with respect to the cloth 90 while vibrating 2 in the vertical direction (thickness direction of the cloth 90) at a high frequency. As a result, the thread forming the cloth 90 is cut by the knife 92, and the cloth 90 is cut in the above direction.

[0003]

Among the above-mentioned devices, the one utilizing high-frequency vibration has a low frictional force between the side surface of the knife and the object to be cut, provides a beautiful and sharp cut, and is relatively hard. Particularly effective for cutting fabrics (for example, woven fabrics). On the other hand, since the frequency is high, a large amplitude cannot be obtained (for example, the amplitude obtained at a frequency of 20 kHz is about 0.12 mm). Therefore, it is particularly difficult to cut a soft cloth such as a knitted fabric.

On the other hand, in the case of utilizing low frequency vibration, a large amplitude can be secured (for example, frequency 5).
(Amplitude of about 8 to 15 mm is possible at 0 to 100 kHz). Therefore, the soft material such as the above knitting can be cut well, but since the friction between the side surface of the knife and the material is large, the cutting heat is generated by the friction heat. However, there is a drawback in that a fusion phenomenon is likely to occur, and good accuracy cannot be obtained particularly when cutting a hard cloth. Further, there is also a disadvantage that the thread is easily broken on the cut surface due to the rubbing between the knife and the object to be cut.

In view of such circumstances, the present invention makes it possible to give a large amplitude to a knife such as a knife and at the same time reduce friction between the knife and the object to be cut. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting method and device that can perform excellent cutting regardless of the above.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a cutting method for cutting a cut object in a feed direction by moving the blade relative to the cut object in a predetermined feed direction. In this method, a plurality of vibrations having different frequencies are simultaneously applied to the blade in the thickness direction of the object to be cut (claim 1).

More specifically, the blade is held by the blade holding member, and the blade holding member applies vibration to the blade having the first frequency in the thickness direction, and at the same time, the blade holding member is made to vibrate. By applying vibration in the thickness direction of the object to be cut having a second frequency lower than the first frequency, it is possible to apply vibration having a plurality of types of frequencies to the blade (claim 2).

The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the above method, which holds the cutting tool and which is provided with a first
A tool holding member that gives vibration in the thickness direction of the object to be cut having a frequency of, and the tool holding member movably held in the thickness direction of the object to be cut, and with respect to the object to be cut in this holding state. An overall holding member that relatively moves in the feed direction, and a blade holding member with respect to the overall holding member that is lower than the first frequency in the thickness direction of the object to be cut.
And a vibrating means for vibrating at the frequency of (3).

Here, it is preferable that the vibrating means is constructed so that the amplitude of vibration applied to the blade holding member is variable (claim 4). In particular, the rotary drive means having an output shaft in a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction of the object to be cut is connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive means in parallel with and eccentric to the output shaft, and to the blade holding member as described above. An eccentric shaft that is relatively movable and relatively rotatable in a direction orthogonal to both the thickness direction of the object to be cut and the axial direction of the output shaft, and the eccentric amount of both the eccentric shaft and the output shaft is It is preferable to use a shaft connecting member that connects in a variable manner.

[0010]

According to the method of claim 1, when the blade is relatively moved with respect to the object to be cut in the predetermined feeding direction, the blade is subjected to a composite vibration including a high frequency component and a low frequency component. Friction between the blade and the object to be cut is reduced by the high frequency component, and at the same time, a large amplitude can be given to the blade by the vibration of the low frequency component.

More specifically, according to the method of claim 2,
Vibration having a high frequency (first frequency) is directly applied from the blade holding member to the blade, and at the same time, low frequency (second frequency) vibration applied to the blade holding member itself is also applied to the blade. It will be.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, vibration having a high frequency (first frequency) is directly applied to the blade from the blade holding member, and at the same time, the vibration is applied to the blade holding member at a low frequency (first frequency). When a vibration having a frequency of 2) is applied, the blade and the blade holding member integrally vibrate at a low frequency with respect to the entire holding member. Then, in this state, the whole holding member moves in the feeding direction with respect to the object to be cut, so that the blade cuts the object to be cut.

Here, in the apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the amplitude of the vibration applied to the blade holding member, that is, the amplitude of the low frequency component vibration applied to the blade can be adjusted.

Specifically, in the apparatus according to the fifth aspect, the eccentric shaft eccentric from the output shaft is circularly moved by the operation of the rotary driving means, and the component in the thickness direction of the object to be cut is included in this motion. Given to the holding member, the blade holding member and the blade vibrate in the same direction. Moreover, the radius of the circular motion, that is, the amplitude of simple vibration can be changed by changing the eccentric amount of the eccentric shaft and the output shaft in the shaft connecting member.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The cutting device shown in FIG. 8 includes a base 10 installed on the ground, and a table 12 is provided on the base 10. A Y-axis beam 16 that crosses the table 12 in the width direction (Y-axis direction) is provided above the table 12, and the Y-axis beam 16 is configured to be movable in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis beam 16 has a saddle (whole holding member) that can travel along the longitudinal direction (that is, the Y-axis direction).
18 is mounted, and the cutting device body 20 is installed on the saddle 18. Then, with the cloth 14 that is the object to be cut fixed on the table 12, the Y-axis beam 16
Moves in the X-axis direction with respect to the table 12, and the saddle 18 moves along the Y-axis beam 16, whereby the cutting device body 20 moves in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction relative to the cloth 14. You can do it.

The structure of the cutting device body 20 is shown in FIGS.
Shown in. The saddle 18 has a horizontal portion 18a that slides on the upper surface of the Y-axis beam 16 and a vertical portion 18b that extends downward from the front end of the horizontal portion 18a.
A tubular elevating member 22 is supported by 8b so as to be elevatable. Specifically, a vertically extending guide rail 24 is fixed to the front surface of the vertical portion 18b, and a linear guide bearing 26 is fixed to the rear surface of the elevating member 22, and the linear guide bearing 26 is vertically moved to the guide rail 24. Mating is possible.

Inside the elevating member 22, a cylindrical rotating member 30 is rotatably held via a bearing 28. An ultrasonic converter 32 is provided inside the rotating member 30.
Is fixed, and the lower end portion thereof projects downward from the lower surface of the rotating member 30. A tip 34 is fixed to the lower end of the ultrasonic converter 32, and a knife (blade) 36 is fixed to the tip 34. Then, the lifting member 2
2, the rotary member 30, and the ultrasonic converter 32 constitute the blade holding member of the present invention, and ultrasonic vibration (high frequency vibration) in the vertical direction (that is, the thickness direction of the cloth 14) is generated from the ultrasonic converter 32. Chip 34
Is transmitted to the knife 36 via the
6 is vibrated vertically at a high frequency.

A cloth pressing device 96 is detachably mounted on the lower surface of the elevating member 22. Specifically, a detachable plate 95 is detachably attached to the lower surface of the elevating member 22, and a plurality of pressing cylinders 33 are attached to the detachable plate 95.
Are fixed in a downward direction, and each pressing cylinder 33
Pressing plate 3 for pressing the material on the lower end of the rod 33a of
5 is fixed. The pressing plate 35 is urged downward by the pressing cylinder 33, and a through hole 37 through which the knife 36 can penetrate is formed in the center thereof.

The bracket 3 is located forward from the saddle 18.
8 is extended, and the upper and lower cylinders 40 are fixed downward at the front end portion (the left end portion in FIG. 1). A bracket 42 is attached to the lower end of the rod 41 of the upper and lower cylinders 40.
The vibration motor (rotational drive means) 44 is fixed via
The output shaft 45 is directed rearward, that is, the output shaft 45 is directed toward the elevating member 22. This output shaft 45 has
An eccentric shaft 48 is connected in parallel with the output shaft 45 via a shaft connecting member 46, and a bearing 50 is mounted on an outer peripheral surface of an end portion of the eccentric shaft 48. On the other hand, a fitting portion 49 having a U-shaped cross section and extending in the Y-axis direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the elevating member 22, and the bearing 50 is provided in the fitting portion 49. By being fitted, the eccentric shaft 48 is connected to the elevating member 22 so as to be relatively rotatable and relatively movable only in the Y-axis direction.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B and FIGS. 4A and 4B, the shaft connecting member 46 is composed of a motor side block 54 and an elevating side block 56, and the motor side block 54. Is connected to the output shaft 45 via a key 58 so as not to rotate relative to the output shaft 45, and an eccentric shaft 48 is integrally formed with the elevating block 56. Then, in the motor side block 54, a fitting hole 59 is provided at a position eccentric from the rotation center C1 of the output shaft 45 by a predetermined amount e1, and a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) screw insertion holes 61 are circumferentially formed around the fitting hole 59. Are arranged side by side at equal intervals (90 ° intervals in the illustrated example), on the other hand, in the up-and-down side block 56, at the position eccentric by the same amount e2 as the eccentric amount e1 from the center C2 of the eccentric shaft 56 A protruding portion 60 that can be fitted is formed.

The projecting portion 60 is fitted into the fitting hole 59 with the elevating side block 56 tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the motor side block 54, and the elevating side block 5 is moved.
By screwing the screw 63 through the screw through hole 62 of 6 into the appropriate screw insertion hole 61, the shaft 4 and the eccentric shaft 48 can be adjusted while adjusting the eccentric amount e of the output shaft 45 and the eccentric shaft 48 by selecting the angle.
5,48 can be connected. For example, in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4A, when both the eccentric direction of the output shaft 45 and the eccentric direction of the eccentric shaft 48 with respect to the center C3 of the protruding portion 60 are set downward, both shafts 45, 4
The eccentric amount e of 8 is the minimum (e = e1-e2 = 0), and the eccentric direction of the eccentric shaft 48 with respect to the center C3 of the protrusion 60 is directed upward as shown in FIGS. 3B and 4B. In this case, the eccentricity e of both shafts 45 and 48 is maximum (e = e1
+ E2).

Therefore, in this structure, the eccentric shaft 48 makes a circular motion with the eccentric amount e as a radius by the operation of the vibration motor 45, and the eccentric shaft 48 and the bearing 50 are moved in the fitting portion 49 in the Y direction as shown in FIG. Only the vertical movement is transmitted to the elevating member 22 while sliding in the axial direction, whereby the elevating member 22 vibrates as a single vibration at a frequency equal to twice the eccentricity e and the rotation speed of the vibration motor 45. , Vibration motor 45
The frequency can be controlled freely by controlling the number of revolutions, and the eccentricity e is adjusted by changing the relative phase between the output shaft 45 and the eccentric shaft 48 in the shaft connecting member 46, that is, the amplitude of the single vibration. Can be adjusted freely. That is, the vibrating motor 44, the shaft connecting member 46, the eccentric shaft 48, the bearing 50 and the like constitute the vibrating means 52 in the present invention. The upper and lower cylinders 40 suspend and support the lifting member 22 from above, and the rod 41 extends and contracts to lift the lifting member 22.
It also has the role of moving up and down with respect to 8.

On the horizontal portion 18a of the saddle 18, a rotary drive motor 70 is fixed downward via a bracket 68, and a gear 72 is fixed to its output shaft. On the other hand, a gear 74 is also formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the rotating member 30, and the gear 74 is meshed with the gear 72.
Therefore, by the operation of the rotary drive motor 70, the rotary member 30 and the ultrasonic converter 32 and knife 36 fixed to the rotary member 30 are rotationally driven (C axis) with respect to the elevating member 22.

Next, a method of cutting the cloth 14 by this apparatus will be described step by step.

1) As shown in FIG. 5A, the rod 41 of the upper and lower cylinders 40 is contracted to raise the elevating member 22, the rotating member 30, the ultrasonic converter 32, and the knife 36 to the upper limit position.

2) Set the dough 14 on the ultrasonic table 12.

3) The ultrasonic converter 32 is operated to apply the ultrasonic vibration having the first frequency to the knife 36, and at the same time, the vibration motor 45 is operated to move the lifting member 22 lower than the first frequency. A low frequency vibration is performed at the second frequency. At this time, the rotating member 30 and the ultrasonic converter 32 together with the elevating member 22 vibrate at a low frequency. Therefore, both the ultrasonic vibration (high frequency vibration) as shown in FIG. 6A and the low frequency vibration as shown in FIG. 6B are applied to the knife 36 at the same time. The complex vibration as shown in c), that is, the vibration including both the low frequency component and the high frequency component is performed.

4) Extending the rod 41, as shown in FIG.
Push the knife 36 into the dough 14 as shown in FIG. At this time, the pressing plate 35 contacts the upper surface of the cloth 14, and the pressing cylinder 33 contracts by the thickness of the cloth 14, and the pressing plate 35 is compressed by the repulsive force corresponding to the contraction.
Hold 4 from the top.

5) While maintaining the above-mentioned vibration state, the cutting device body 20 and the cloth 14 are relatively moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction along a pre-programmed cutting pattern, and the knife 36 is moved by the C-axis. By controlling the scanning in the scanning direction, the cloth 14 is moved along the scanning locus by the knife 3
It will be cut at 6.

6) Simultaneously with the completion of cutting, the rod 41 of the upper and lower cylinders 40 is contracted again, the knife 36 is pulled up from the cloth 14, and the ultrasonic converter 32 and the vibration motor 44 are stopped.

As described above, in this method and apparatus, the knife 36 is caused to generate a composite vibration, that is, a vibration in which the high frequency vibration generated by the ultrasonic converter 32 and the low frequency vibration generated by the vibrating means 52 are combined. Since the high frequency component is applied, the side surface of the knife 36 and the cloth 1
The friction with 4 is reduced, a sharp and beautiful cut is secured, and at the same time, a large amplitude (twice the eccentric amount e of the eccentric shaft 48) is applied to the knife 36 with a low frequency component, so that the soft cloth can be cut. You can enable it.
That is, according to this method and apparatus, it is possible to perform better cutting than before, regardless of the type of the object to be cut, and a relatively soft object to be cut, for example, a curved shape as shown in FIG. The knitting 81 made of the yarn 84 and the relatively hard object to be cut, for example, the woven fabric 82 made of the linear yarn 84 as shown in FIG.

Further, in the apparatus shown in this embodiment, the shaft connecting member 46 is interposed between the output shaft 45 of the vibration motor 44 and the eccentric shaft 48 connected to the elevating member 22. Since the eccentricity e of both shafts 45 and 48 can be adjusted by changing the coupling state of both blocks 54 and 56 in 46, the amplitude of the low frequency vibration can be freely set by adjusting this eccentricity e. You can Therefore, there is an advantage that the most suitable amplitude can be selected according to the type of cut object and the cutting conditions. Further, the frequency of the low frequency vibration can be freely set only by changing the rotation speed of the vibration motor 45.

Further, in this apparatus, by stopping only one of the vibration motor 45 and the ultrasonic converter 32, it is possible to freely perform cutting by only high frequency vibrations or cutting by only low frequency vibrations. .

In the above embodiment, the eccentric amount e1 between the center C1 of the output shaft 45 and the center C3 of the fitting hole 60 and the eccentric amount e2 between the center C2 of the eccentric shaft 48 and the center C3 are set equal. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and each eccentric amount may be set appropriately. Screw 63 connecting both shafts 45, 48
There is no particular limitation on the number of the screws, and for example, if the screws 63 are arranged at positions equally divided into six in the circumferential direction, the output shaft 45 and the eccentric shaft 4
It is possible to switch the relative phase with 8 in 6 ways.

Further, in the above embodiment, the cloth 1 is cut at the time of cutting.
Although the blades such as the knife 36 are moved while the objects to be cut such as 4 are fixed, in the present invention, the cloth 1 is cut at the time of cutting.
4 may be moved in the X-axis direction, for example. The object to be cut is not limited to the material 14, and can be suitably used for cutting paper or other sheet material.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

According to the method of claim 1, when the blade is moved relative to the object to be cut, a plurality of vibrations having different frequencies are applied to the blade in the thickness direction of the object to be cut. Therefore, the high frequency component of this vibration can reduce the friction between the blade and the object to be cut, and at the same time, the vibration of the low frequency component can give a large amplitude to the blade. Therefore, there is an effect that good cutting can be realized regardless of the type of the object to be cut.

Here, the method according to claim 2 and claim 3
In the described device, the blade is held by the blade holding member to give high frequency vibration, and at the same time, the blade holding member is provided with a simple structure to vibrate at a low frequency, and the blade is given a composite vibration having plural kinds of frequencies. There is an effect that can be. Further, in the apparatus according to claim 3, it is necessary to cut only by high-frequency vibration or only by low-frequency vibration by stopping either application of vibration by the blade holding means or application of vibration by the vibrating means. It is possible to freely carry out according to.

Further, in the apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the vibration most suitable for the cutting can be given by changing the amplitude of the vibration by the vibrating means according to the type of the object to be cut and the cutting conditions.

Particularly, in the apparatus according to the fifth aspect, low-frequency vibration is applied to the blade holding member by the rotational driving of the eccentric shaft by the rotary driving means, and the eccentric shaft and the output shaft of the rotary driving means are coupled by the shaft connecting member. The eccentric amount of the eccentric shaft is changed only by changing the state, and thus the amplitude can be easily adjusted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a cutting device body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a state where the elevating member and the eccentric shaft are coupled to each other in the cutting device body.

3 (a) and 3 (b) are partial cross-sectional rear views showing the connected state of the eccentric shaft by the shaft connecting member.

4A and 4B are cross-sectional side views showing a connected state of an eccentric shaft by a shaft connecting member.

FIG. 5 (a) is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a state before the knife is inserted into the cloth in the cutting device, and FIG. 5 (b) is a partial sectional side view showing the state where the knife is inserted into the cloth.

6A is a graph showing a high frequency vibration generated by an ultrasonic converter in the cutting device, FIG. 6B is a graph showing a low frequency vibration generated by a vibrating unit in the cutting device, and FIG. Is a graph showing a composite vibration obtained by combining both vibrations.

7A is an enlarged view showing a knitted fabric, and FIG. 7B is an enlarged view showing a woven fabric.

FIG. 8 is an overall perspective view of the cutting device.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which cloth is cut with a knife that vibrates ultrasonically.

[Explanation of Codes] 14 Cloth (cut object) 18 Saddle (whole holding member) 20 Cutting device main body 22 Elevating member (constituting knife holding member) 30 Rotating member (constituting knife holding member) 32 Ultrasonic converter (cutting tool holding) Members) 36 Knife (cutting tool) 44 Excitation motor (rotational drive means) 45 Output shaft 46 Shaft coupling member 48 Eccentric shaft 52 Excitation means

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Seihiro Otani 2-4-1, Kitakuhoji-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City Shin-Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. (72) Shinji Nakano Kitakuhoji-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka 2-4-1, Shin-Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Koji Kashu 2-4-1-1, Kitakyuhoji-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City Shin-Nippon Koki Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A cutting method for cutting the object to be cut in a predetermined feed direction by moving the object relative to the object to be cut in a predetermined feeding direction. A cutting method, wherein a plurality of vibrations having different frequencies are simultaneously applied in the thickness direction of the object to be cut. 2. The cutting method according to claim 1, wherein the cutting tool is held by a cutting tool holding member, and the cutting tool having the first frequency gives vibration to the cutting object in a thickness direction at the same time. A cutting method, wherein vibration is applied to the blade holding member in the thickness direction of the object to be cut having a second frequency lower than the first frequency. 3. A cutting device that cuts the object to be cut in the feed direction by moving the blade relative to the object to be cut in a predetermined feeding direction, and holds the blade and, A tool holding member having a frequency of 1 for giving vibration in the thickness direction of the object to be cut, and a tool holding member movably held in the direction of thickness of the object to be cut, and in this holding state with respect to the object to be cut. And a vibrating means for vibrating the blade holding member relative to the whole holding member in the thickness direction of the object to be cut at a second frequency lower than the first frequency. And a cutting device. 4. The cutting device according to claim 3, wherein the vibrating means is configured so that the amplitude of vibration applied to the blade holding member is variable. 5. The cutting device according to claim 4, wherein the vibrating means includes a rotation driving means having an output shaft in a direction orthogonal to a thickness direction of the object to be cut, and an output shaft of the rotation driving means. An eccentric shaft that is connected in parallel with and in an eccentric state, and is connected to the blade holding member so as to be relatively movable and relatively rotatable in a direction orthogonal to both the thickness direction of the object to be cut and the axial direction of the output shaft. And a shaft connecting member that connects the eccentric shaft and the output shaft so that the eccentric amounts of both shafts are variable.