JPH06114006A - Inspector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an inspector which enables inexpensive manufacturing with easier alignment. CONSTITUTION:An optical system which projects an alignment luminous flux onto an eye E to be inspected comprises a target light source 1 and a tubular tube member 2 with an internal surface thereof mirror ground. A subject observes the target light source 1 over the tube member 2 and a light source image is observed in a circle when a deviation of a vision axis 01 of the eye E to be inspected from an optical axis 02 of the tube member 2 is held within a range of an angle theta of projection made between the tip part 2a of the tube member and the target light source 1. When the deviation exceeds the angle thetaof projection, the light source image is observed being eclipsed. When the condition without the eclipse of the light source image is considered as the optimum alignment state, self alignment is possible.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an inspection apparatus widely used in ophthalmology clinics and the like.

[0002]

[Prior art]

(1) In the conventional ophthalmologic apparatus such as a subjective alignment type ocular refractometer and tonometer, the subject is provided inside the optometric apparatus from the front of the mirror having the central opening provided in the front part of the optometric apparatus. By observing the visible light source and confirming the anterior segment image projected on the mirror, the eye axis of the eye to be inspected and the optical axis of the optical system of the ophthalmologic apparatus are aligned. In addition, Japanese Patent Application No. 1-30
No. 7127, the subject is presented with a fixation target that is a combination of the anterior segment image obtained by the observation means provided in the optometry apparatus and the aim, and the subject is aware of the anterior segment image from the positional relationship with the aim. There is also a type of device that executes the alignment manually.

(2) In the ophthalmologic apparatus, as a fixation device for guiding the line of sight, a plurality of unintegrated aperture members are arranged in a line to form one set as in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-192202. There is a device for projecting one fixation target on the subject, using the projection light flux limiting member of.

(3) In the conventional examination apparatus, the examination time is output to a printout of the examination apparatus in order to record the examination time of the patient, and also in the ophthalmologic apparatus, the date and time of the optometry are recorded and displayed. There is an inspection device of a type that records time as data. Also in the fundus camera,
It is known to inject a test drug into a patient's body and record the injection time.

(4) In the conventional tonometer, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No.
A tonometer of the type described in Japanese Patent No. 175829 is known.

(5) Further, in the conventional inspection apparatus, the eye to be inspected is imaged with a television camera from the measurement optical path, and an alignment mark indicating a correct alignment position is electrically combined with the obtained image to form a visual target. However, the subject himself or herself may perform self-alignment by presenting it to the subject's eye on a television monitor.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(B) However, when the working distance between the eye to be inspected and the optometry device is short, as in the conventional tonometer, the anterior segment image reflected on the concave mirror is reflected in a large area in the visual field of the eye to be inspected. Is difficult to determine, and there is a problem in that it is expensive to manufacture a concave mirror. In addition, when the alignment light source image is obliquely projected on the cornea and the subject himself / herself performs alignment while observing the anterior segment image projected on the concave mirror using the reflection image on the cornea as a visual target, the alignment light source is used. The image is projected from the periphery of the measuring optical axis of the device, and as in the case described above, the measuring optical axis of the device and the visual axis shift each time the alignment light source image is viewed, and the center position to be measured must be roughly aligned. I have to. Further, when the subject himself / herself aligns the corneal reflection image of the light source image for alignment as a visual target while observing the anterior segment image as in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-307127, the apparatus is made compact, Cost reduction is a major issue.

(B) In the case of Japanese Patent Application No. 62-192202, since there are a plurality of aperture members and they are not integrated, it is difficult to position the optical center axes of the aperture members, which is difficult to manufacture and costly. Is attached. Further, since there is only one set of members that limit the projected light flux, when the limited light flux is sufficiently smaller than the pupil diameter, the alignment within the pupil diameter becomes rough and an error may occur.

(C) The means disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-175829 has a problem in expressing a state in which the alignment state changes stepwise. For example, a method of changing the alignment state by changing the timbre or the generation cycle is conceivable in the guidance by the voice generating means. However, when the alignment accuracy is strict, no sound is generated, or an incomprehensible tone color is generated, which causes discomfort not only to the subject but also to the surrounding people. Further, when the blinking cycle of the light emitting target is changed stepwise, it may be difficult to visually recognize the change in the cycle.

(D) The inspection device may be used not only for newly detecting a disease but also for the purpose of follow-up observation of a diseased patient. When testing, it is necessary to clarify whether the test data has changed due to the administration of the therapeutic agent or the test data has changed due to the progress of the disease. In particular, it is clear whether the intraocular pressure test in ophthalmological treatment changed due to the progression of glaucoma disease, whether the intraocular pressure fluctuated, the intraocular pressure fluctuated due to the lack of efficacy of the therapeutic drug, or the intraocular pressure fluctuated. There is a problem that I do not understand. In addition, with a self-inspection device that the patient himself tests at home, it may be impossible to know when the patient took the therapeutic drug, and the attending physician may not be able to grasp the effective period of the therapeutic drug, or the patient may not know the therapeutic drug. There is also the possibility of drinking too much.

(E) The tonometer disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-175829 requires a shutter-like element and is complicated in structure.

(F) It is difficult to arrange both the inspection function section and the television monitor in front of the eye to be inspected without deteriorating the inspection function and the display function due to a structural problem of the inspection apparatus. There is a case.

A first object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide an inspection apparatus which is easy to align, has high accuracy, and is low in cost.

A second object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a doctor in charge of a patient with test data and information regarding the timing of administration of a therapeutic agent, thereby helping to carry out more detailed patient treatment. To provide.

A third object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide an inspection apparatus having a simple structure and capable of self-three-dimensional alignment by the subject himself.

A fourth object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide an inspection apparatus capable of self-alignment without deteriorating inspection functionality and display functionality.

[0017]

The inspection apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention for achieving the above object is a self-eye examination apparatus having means for presenting a fixation target light source image to be gazed by an eye to be examined. Projection light limiting means is provided between the lens and the fixation target light source image, which is substantially parallel to the projection optical path of the light source image and has openings at both ends for limiting the projection angle of the projection light flux of the light source image. It is characterized by being arranged.

An examination apparatus according to a second aspect of the invention is a self-eye examination apparatus having means for presenting a fixation target light source image for the eye to gaze, wherein the projection light between the eye to be examined and the fixation target light source image. A plurality of projection light limiting means having openings at both ends for limiting the projection angle of the projected light flux of the light source image are arranged in parallel on the road.

An inspection apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is the self-eye examination apparatus having means for presenting a fixation target for the eye to be inspected and position detection means for detecting the position state of the eye to be inspected. It is characterized in that it has means for changing the color of the fixation target according to the output signal of the means.

An examination apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is an eye examination apparatus having a clock for measuring examination time and a means for recording the examination time, the input means for inputting a time different from the examination time, and the input means. And a recording means for recording the administration time.

An inspection apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is based on photoelectric detection means for projecting a light flux from the optical axis direction onto a cornea and receiving corneal reflected light on a photoelectric sensor, and eccentricity of the corneal reflected light reaching the photoelectric sensor. In addition to calculating the eccentricity of the eye to be inspected, the optical axis means also calculates the position in the optical axis direction from the light intensity, and displays the target information.

An inspection apparatus according to a sixth aspect of the present invention provides a means for synthesizing an image of a subject's eye taken by a television camera from the front with an alignment mark and displaying it on a television monitor, and presenting the image of the television monitor to the other eye. The alignment of the alignment device and the eye to be inspected is performed by the subject himself, and the presenting feature is that the position where the alignment mark is presented is substantially on the line of sight in the front direction of the eye to be inspected.

[0023]

In the inspection apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-described structure, the fixation target light source image is projected onto the eye to be inspected through the aperture member, and the aperture member limits the projected light flux, so that the visual axis of the eye to be inspected. Only when the directions of the opening members are substantially the same, the fixation target light source image is observed by the subject.

The inspection apparatus according to the second invention projects the fixation target light source image onto the subject through the plurality of opening members, and the subject examines the fixation target light source image from the plurality of opening members. From the appearance,
Check which direction the eye to be inspected is located.

In the inspection apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the color of the fixation target for the eye to be inspected is made variable according to the output signal of the position detecting means of the eye to be subtle for the examinee. Present and present the alignment state more precisely.

In the inspection apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the invention, when the judgment means judges the input by the input means and the judgment result is the administration time of the medicine, the time measured by the clock is recorded as the administration time. Record on the means.

The inspection apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the invention projects a light beam from the optical axis direction onto the cornea of the eye to be examined, and detects the intensity and eccentricity of the light reflected by the cornea by the photoelectric sensor. The intensity and eccentricity according to the corneal reflected light are displayed to the subject through the optotype means and serve as a clue for the subject to perform self-alignment.

The inspection apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention synthesizes the anterior segment image of the subject's eye and the alignment mark and displays them on the television monitor image. The television monitor image is observed by the other eye as if it is arranged substantially in front of the subject's eye.

[0029]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. 1A to 1C are explanatory views showing the basic principle of the first embodiment. The tube member 2 having a mirror-polished inner surface that restricts the projected light flux of the fixation target light source 1 has a visual axis of the eye E to be examined.
01 and the optical axis 02 of the tube member 2 are arranged in front of the fixation target light source 1 so that they are substantially parallel to each other.

A part of the light flux emitted from the fixation target light source 1 is reflected on the inner surface of the tube member 2, and a part of the light beam is directly directed to the tip portion 2 of the tube member 2.
Emit from a. The light flux that is directly incident on the eye E from the fixation target light source 1 is limited within the range of the projection angle θ formed by the distal end portion 2a of the tube member 2 and the fixation target light source 1.

As shown in FIG. 1A, when the subject gazes at the fixation target light source 1 from within the projection angle θ, FIG.
As shown in, the entire shape of the circular light source image with high brightness that appears in the center is observed. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c), a part or the whole of the light source image arrival area α is eclipsed with respect to the pupil I, and the visual axis 01 of the eye E and the optical axis 02 of the tube member are If the light source image is slightly or greatly deviated, the light source image seen in the center may be partially missing, or the light source image may not be seen at all as shown in Fig. 2 (c), and it may be observed by the subject. Will be done.

Since the inner diameter and the length of the tube member 2 define the projection angle θ, the projection angle θ can be selected by appropriately selecting the inner diameter and the length, and the subject can determine the visual axis 01 and the optical axis 02. The deviation can be suppressed to be sufficiently small, and proper self-alignment can be performed within a predetermined error.

At the time of alignment, the subject observes the tube member 2 from a substantially front direction. When the alignment is largely deviated from the proper position, the light source image is not observed. In addition, in the vicinity of the proper position, the light source image is observed to be full and the circular light source image is observed at the proper position. The subject shakes his / her head vertically and horizontally so that the light source image looks like a circle, and the alignment is completed within a predetermined error.

Since the inner surface of the tube member 2 is mirror-finished, when the light source image is missing, flare occurs on the inner surface of the tube member 2 on the side opposite to the side where the deviation occurs and it shines brightly. Therefore, flare is effective because it promotes recognition of misaligned directions and promotes self-alignment.

In FIG. 1, a projection lens is not provided between the eye to be inspected and the tube member 2 which limits the projected light flux, but even if a projection lens is provided, the degree of blurring of the light source image will depend on the power and position of the lens. Although the accuracy of the self-alignment may change, the alignment of the light source image can be observed, and thus the self-alignment is not impossible. Further, the integrated member is not limited to the pipe member 2, but may be the one shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), plates 3a having circular openings at both ends may be arranged at a predetermined distance apart, or a member having a hole in the longitudinal direction of a rectangular parallelepiped box 3b that is long in one direction may be used.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a second embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a corneal curvature measuring device. Four illumination light sources 4a to 4d for illuminating the cornea Ec of the subject's eye E from an oblique direction and aperture masks 5a to 5d attached to these are provided in the front part of the subject's eye E, and they are arranged in the visual axis direction of the subject's eye E. The objective lens 6, the half mirror 7, the aperture stop 8, and the two-dimensional sensor 9 are sequentially arranged. In the reflecting direction of the half mirror 7, a cylindrical tube member 10 whose inner surface is mirror-polished and a fixation target light source 11 are sequentially arranged as described in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the examinee turns the half mirror 7 on. The fixation target light source 11 can be observed through this. The output of the two-dimensional sensor 9 and the output of the switch 12 are connected to the computer 13,
The fixation target light source 11 and the illumination light sources 4a to 4d are turned on by a command from the computer 13.

At the time of eye examination, the examinee looks at the fixation target light source 11 which can be confirmed at an optical distance from the objective lens 6. If the alignment does not match, the light source image is eclipsed and cannot be observed, or it is observed in a phased state. Pipe member 1
On the inner surface of 0, flare occurs on the left side when the alignment is shifted to the right, and flare occurs on the right side when the alignment is shifted to the left, and it is confirmed at a glance that the eye E to be inspected is not aligned. it can. The subject is the fixation target light source 11
Perform self-alignment so that you can see in a circle without being covered. Concerning alignment in the optical axis direction, it is convenient to make the fixation target light source 11 blink when the proper position is reached and notify the subject.

When the alignment is completed, the subject himself pushes the switch 12. When the switch 12 is input, the computer 13 turns on the light sources 4a to 4d. The light flux emitted from the four illumination light sources 4a to 4d is the aperture mask 5
The cornea Ec is shielded by a to 5d as four point light sources.
Illuminate. The corneal reflected light passes through the objective lens 6, the half mirror 7, and the aperture stop 8, and four light source corneal reflected images 4a ′ to 4d ′ are formed on the two-dimensional sensor 9. The positions of the light source corneal reflection images 4a 'to 4d' are analyzed by the computer 13, and the corneal curvature radius is calculated.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the third embodiment and shows a self-measurement tonometer having a plurality of sets of aperture members having a plurality of apertures for limiting the projected light flux of the light source. The self-measurement tonometer projects and detects a near-infrared light flux on the cornea Ec of the eye E to be inspected, and the cornea Ec when ejecting compressed air from substantially the front direction of the cornea Ec
Deformation is optically detected and the intraocular pressure is measured.

In front of the eye E to be inspected, an air nozzle 16 for ejecting compressed air to the cornea Ec, a piston 18 driven by a solenoid 17, and an internal pressure sensor 19a for detecting pressure.
An air chamber 19 having a window 19b, a small mirror 20 including a dichroic mirror, a lens 21, a dichroic mirror 22, a half mirror 23, a cylindrical lens 24, and a four-division sensor 25 are sequentially arranged. A lens 26 and a measurement light source 27 that generates a near-infrared light flux are provided in the reflection direction of the small mirror 20 to configure a measurement optical system, and a light source image is projected on the cornea Ec.

In the reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 22, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 6, a pair of discs 28a and 28b, each having four circular openings, are parallel to each other with a space therebetween and the center axis of the openings is parallel to each other. Opening members 2 arranged to match
Four fixation light sources 29, which are composed of 8- and 2-color LEDs and can be color-coded and instructed to the subject, are sequentially arranged to form the fixation target means 30 to guide the line of sight of the subject. ing. Further, the light receiver 31 is provided in the reflection direction of the half mirror 23.
Is provided so that the image of the measurement light source 27 can be received.

The outputs of the light receiving sensor 31, the four-division sensor 25, and the pressure sensor 19a are connected to the MPU 32, and the MPU 3
The output of 2 is connected to the solenoid 17 and the fixation light source 29. The cylindrical lens 24 is fixed at a position where the generatrix is rotated by 45 ° about the optical axis with respect to the four-division sensor 25, and when the corneal reflection image is defocused from the best focus in the optical axis direction, As shown in Fig. 7 (a), the light source image on the four-division sensor is 90 ° in the front and back.
It becomes a deviated ellipse, and at the proper focus position,
As shown in (b), it has a substantially circular configuration. Therefore, it is possible to detect the degree of focus in the three-dimensional direction by calculating the output of each of the sensors S1, S2, S3, S4 of the four-division sensor 25.

When the examinee looks into the air nozzle 16 during the subjective eye examination, the four fixation light sources 29 can be seen as shown in FIG. Since the projection light flux of the fixation light source 29 is limited by the air nozzle 16, if the alignment in the up, down, left, and right directions does not match, a blur occurs and only a part of the four fixation targets can be seen. The subject moves his or her eye E to match the positions where the four fixation light sources are visible, and further performs fine alignment. For example, the right fixation light source 29c to be moved when the alignment is shifted to the left
Blink to inform the direction of movement. Further, when designating the focus position in the optical path direction, the four fixation light sources 29 are color-coded and displayed in red when the focus is too close, for example.
When it is too far away, it is displayed in orange, and when it is in the proper position, it is displayed in green so that the direction can be indicated.

In this way, all of the fixation light sources 29 blink when they are aligned to the proper positions, or they are in a specific color to notify the subject that they are in the proper alignment state. The MPU 32 starts energizing the solenoid 17, drives the piston 18, and discharges compressed air from the air nozzle 16 toward the cornea Ec. When the light receiving sensor 31 detects that the cornea Ec is in the predetermined deformed state, the intraocular pressure is calculated from the value of the pressure sensor 19a at that time. By thus limiting the projected light fluxes of the plurality of fixation light sources 29, the alignment direction can be designated. Further, the fixation light source 29 can be used for indicating the direction of the fine alignment, which is extremely convenient.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the fourth embodiment, which is an example in which a plurality of tube members for limiting the projection light flux of the fixation target light source are provided. The same members as those in FIG. 5 are designated by the same reference numerals. The fixation target presenting means 35 provided in the reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 22 limits the luminous flux from the light source 36 whose emission color can be changed to the central spot and the circular luminous flux as shown in FIG. The transmission type chart plate 37 is configured so as not to leak, and the four tube members 38 are arranged in a cross shape in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis. Four anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 39 are provided in front of the air nozzle 16 at positions away from the optical path so that the anterior ocular segment can be illuminated with a visible light flux.

At the time of eye examination, as in the third embodiment, the subject looks into the air nozzle 16 and is illuminated by the light source 36 whose emission color can be changed according to the output of the four-division sensor 25 for detecting the position of the subject's eye. When gazing at the chart plate 37, the subject sees one of the light source images shown in FIGS. 11 (a) to 11 (c). FIG. 11 (a) shows a state where the alignment is matched, and FIGS. 11 (b) and 11 (c) show a state where the alignment is shifted to the right and left respectively. The subject moves his / her head so that the alignment is matched. At this time, the anterior ocular segment illumination light source 39 illuminates the anterior ocular segment with visible light having an appropriate brightness. Therefore, the pupil of the eye E to be inspected constricts, but by changing the intensity of the anterior ocular segment illumination light source 39. Since the pupil diameter can be kept constant regardless of the conditions caused by external light, the alignment accuracy can be kept constant. In addition, if the size of the fixation chart is made variable according to the pupil diameter with reduced pupil,
The alignment accuracy can be further improved.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a self-measurement tonometer according to the fifth embodiment. In front of the eye E to be inspected, a concave mirror 41 made of a half mirror and having an opening 41a in the center, a tubular air nozzle 42 which matches the opening 41a and ejects compressed air to the cornea Ec of the eye E to be inspected, for transmitting the light flux backward A chamber 43 having a window 43a for guiding compressed air to the air nozzle 42, a small mirror 44, a lens 45, a half mirror 46, and an alignment light receiving sensor 47 are sequentially arranged. A cylinder 48 and a piston 49 for generating compressed air are connected to the chamber 43, and a pressure sensor 50 for detecting the pressure of the compressed air is provided inside the cylinder 48 to further drive the piston 49. Solenoid 51 is provided, and these constitute a compressed air injection system.

In the reflecting direction of the small mirror 44, the lens 5
2. A light source 53 that also serves as measurement alignment is provided, and constitutes a light source system that also serves as both corneal deformation detection and alignment. Further, a light receiving sensor 54 for detecting corneal deformation is provided in the reflection direction of the half mirror 46.

All sensors and drive circuits are MPU55.
It is configured to be controlled comprehensively by. That is,
The MPU 55 has an A / D converter 56 for digitizing a signal.
The outputs of the alignment light receiving sensor 47 and the corneal deformation detection light receiving sensor 54 are connected via the
0, a timer 57 with a built-in calendar, a therapeutic drug administration time input switch 58 for time recording, and outputs of the left and right eye detection switches 59 are respectively connected. Also, MPU
55 is output to a driver 60 that drives the solenoid 51, a liquid crystal panel 61, and a printer 62.
According to the program stored in 55, it transmits / receives with respect to these various apparatuses.

At the time of eye examination, the light source 53 also used for measurement alignment
Is turned on, and the subject moves the subject's eye E to the front of the concave mirror 41, and gradually moves the subject's eye E up, down, left, right, front, and back so as to obtain an appropriate alignment state. When the eye E to be inspected is in the proper alignment state, the amount of light received by the alignment light receiving sensor 47 becomes maximum. This state is detected by the MPU 55 via the A / D converter 56, and the MPU 55 drives the driver 60 according to a program incorporated therein. When the driver 60 sends a drive signal to the solenoid 51, the piston 49 is suddenly pushed into the cylinder 48 and compressed air is generated. Compressed air is chamber 43, air nozzle 4
It is injected into the cornea Ec via 2. The cornea Ec is deformed by the compressed air, and the MPU 55 detects the signal of the corneal deformation detection light receiving sensor 54 set in such a manner that the light amount becomes maximum at a predetermined deformation amount in real time, while the signal of the corneal deformation detection light receiving sensor 54 is detected. Pressure sensor 50 when the maximum
The output value of is stored. The output value of the pressure sensor 50 is MPU
55, and the intraocular pressure of the measurement eye is calculated.

The measured intraocular pressure value is stored in the memory in the MPU 55 together with the time measured by the timer 57 and output to the liquid crystal display panel 61. When the subject or the attending physician presses the output button 62a of the printer 62 as necessary, a plurality of measurement values including date, time, right eye, left eye, etc. are printed as shown in FIG.

If the subject is used at home and the intraocular pressure is to be measured 4 times a day for 6 hours every 6 hours, the intraocular pressure-lowering agent should be used for glaucoma patients. It will be measured while instilling. The subject must measure with the tonometer having the above-described configuration and record the time at which the intraocular pressure-lowering agent is instilled. When the subject drops the intraocular pressure lowering agent, he or she can press the switch 58 to record the instillation time in the memory of the MPU 55. When the subject presses the output button switch 62a of the printer 62 for a long time after measuring the intraocular pressure for a predetermined period, the total intraocular pressure data and the time record of the therapeutic agent are printed out as shown in FIG. The patient submits a print sheet printed at the time of the visit to the doctor in charge, and the doctor in charge can analyze the data and grasp the effect of the eye drops. Further, it is also possible to separately judge the diurnal variation of the intraocular pressure and the variation due to the therapeutic agent.

Further, it is possible to provide a storage place for storing the container of the eye drop in the present apparatus, and to provide a detection switch for detecting whether or not the container is stored therein. By doing this, for example, when removing the container at the time of instillation,
When the switch is turned on and the eye drop time is input, the time of administration of the eye drop can be determined.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of the sixth embodiment, where M
It is a block diagram of PU55 'and the peripheral device controlled by this MPU55'. The same members as those in the fifth embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. The MPU 55 ′ is provided with a membrane switch 66 having a plurality of switches as shown in FIG. 16 instead of the eye drop administration time input switch 58. The membrane switch 66 is a MED key 66a for displaying the administered eyedrop name on the liquid crystal display panel 61 when using a plurality of eyedrops, and the MPU5.
Arrow key 66b for selecting the name of the eye drop stored in the memory 5 ', SET key 66c for confirming the name of the therapeutic drug, TIME key 66 for storing the administration time.
d is provided so that setting of eye drops and administration time can be easily stored. When registering a new eye drop, the arrow key 66b is used to enter the eye drop registration mode.
By selecting a character, the liquid crystal display panel 6 of FIG.
It can be registered as shown in 1.

In addition to the timer 57 and I, the MPU 55 '
The C card reading / writing device 67 is provided, and measures the elapsed time of eye drop administration, and prints the maximum and minimum values of the past intraocular pressure data for each eye drop administration period stored in the memory to the printer 62. From the printer 62 to the recording and outputting as shown in FIG.
It is possible to record on an IC card using the C card reading / writing device 67.

When the patient is prescribed eye drops by the attending physician,
First, the therapeutic agent is registered using the membrane switch 66. When the eye drop is instilled, the TIME key 66d is always pressed to record the instillation time on the device. Intraocular pressure measurement is the fifth
In the same manner as in the above Example, the data of intraocular pressure values and administration of eye drops were accumulated for a certain period, and on the day of visit, the patient
Data is recorded in the IC card using the C card reading / writing device 67. The patient submits an IC card to the doctor in charge at the time of going to the hospital, and a diagnosis is made by the doctor in charge. In this case, since the progress report of the medical condition is as simple as submitting an IC card, it is convenient without burdening the patient.

A voice input device may be used in place of the membrane switch 66 as the administration time input means, or an administration time recording dedicated clock other than the timer 57 may be used. Further, instead of the IC card, a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a memory card, a speaker transmitting by voice, or the like may be used. Further, the type of eye drops may be registered by the personal computer via the personal computer communication terminal, or data may be received and recorded and displayed.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram of the seventh embodiment, showing a self-measurement tonometer. The self-measurement tonometer is the eye E
A compressed air flow is jetted to the eye, the amount of deformation of the cornea Ec resulting from this is optically detected, and the intraocular pressure is calculated from the relationship between the air pressure and the amount of deformation. In front of the eye E to be inspected, a chamber 71 serving as an air reservoir for compressed air, a small mirror 72 including a dichroic mirror, a lens 73, a dichroic mirror 74,
A half mirror 75 and a four-divided sensor 76 used for alignment and divided into four as shown in FIG. 20 are sequentially arranged. An air nozzle 77 for ejecting compressed air toward the cornea Ec is provided in the center of the optical path of the chamber 71, and windows 78 are provided on the front and rear surfaces of the chamber 71 so that measurement and alignment light fluxes can be transmitted. A piston 79 and a cylinder 80 are provided below the chamber 71, and are driven by a drive circuit (not shown) to generate compressed air. The chamber 7
A pressure sensor 81 is provided inside 1.

In the reflecting direction of the small mirror 72, the lens 8
2. A light source 83 for both alignment and measurement is provided. In the reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 74, a diaphragm 84 having a small aperture substantially conjugate with the pupil Ep of the eye E, a lens 85, and a four-element visual target 87 composed of the ends of the four optical fibers 86a to 86d. Four optical fibers 86a-86
LEDs 88a ... Independently connected to the other end of d
88d is provided and constitutes the optotype system. Further, in the reflection direction of the half mirror 75, there is provided a light receiving sensor 89 for detecting the amount of corneal deformation, which is adjusted so that the amount of received corneal reflected light becomes maximum when the amount of deformation of the cornea reaches a predetermined amount. Has been.

The four-division sensor 76 and the light source 83 are arranged so as to be conjugated when the alignment of the eye E to be inspected is matched. Therefore, when the alignment is matched, the four-division sensor 76 receives light. Maximum light intensity.

When measuring the intraocular pressure, the light source 83 is turned on. The subject himself looks at the four-element optotype 87 through the air nozzle 77. The light flux emitted from the light source 83 is a lens 82 and a small mirror 7.
2. The light is reflected by the eye E through the air nozzle 77 and the window 7
The light is received by the four-division sensor 76 via the lens 8, the lens 73, the dichroic mirror 74, and the half mirror 75.
The spatial arrangement of the luminous flux in the vicinity of the four-division sensor 76 is shown in FIG.
It is as shown in 0. That is, when the alignment in the optical path direction is matched and the alignment in the vertical and horizontal directions is deviated, the light source image 83 'has the smallest size and the image formation position is the four-division sensor as shown in FIG. 20 (b). It is eccentric with respect to 76, and the received light intensity at the sensor 76a becomes maximum,
The light receiving intensities of the respective sensors 76a to 76d of the four-divided sensor 76 are different, and the four-divided sensors 76a to 76d.
The amount of eccentricity can be calculated from the received light intensity ratio at.

If the alignment in the vertical and horizontal directions is matched but the alignment in the optical path direction is deviated and blurred, as shown in FIG.
On the other hand, the size of the light source image 83 'becomes large, and the light receiving intensity on each of the sensors 76a to 76d of the four-division sensor 76 is uniformly reduced. Further, when the alignment is completely the same, as shown in FIG. 20 (a), the light source image 83 'and the four-division sensor 76 are accurately overlapped, and each of the sensors 76a to 76d of the four-division sensor 76 is aligned. Thus, the maximum received light intensity is detected. In accordance with such a light receiving state of the four-division sensor 76, a computer (not shown) uses the LED 8
Make 8 blink. Each sensor 76a of the four-division sensor 76
76d respectively correspond to the LEDs 88a to 88d, and the LEDs 88a to 88d are designed to blink faster as the light receiving intensity in each of the sensors 76a to 76d is stronger.

FIGS. 21 (a) to 21 (c) are state diagrams of the four-element visual target 87, in which the LEDs 88a to 88d corresponding to the light receiving states of FIGS. 20 (a) to 20 (c) are provided with optical fibers 86a to 86d. The four-element visual target 87 directly connected by is blinking according to the light receiving intensity of the sensors 77a to 77d of the four-division sensor 76.
In FIG. 20 (b), since only the light received by the sensor 76a is strong, only the four-element target 87a blinks, and the other targets are kept on without blinking.

Since the subject is observing the four-element visual target 87, it is possible to recognize in which direction the alignment is deviated, and the subject himself or herself can adjust to the correct alignment state. When the alignment is matched, the piston 79 is driven and the compressed air is jetted toward the cornea Ec via the air nozzle 77. When the cornea Ec is deformed, the intensity of the corneal reflected light received by the light receiving sensor 89 gradually increases accordingly. When the cornea Ec reaches a predetermined deformation amount, the intensity of light received by the cornea reflected by the light receiving sensor 89 becomes maximum, and the pressure in the chamber 71 is obtained by the pressure sensor 81 to calculate the intraocular pressure.

It should be noted that the display method of the four-element optotype 87 is not blinking, but may be a display means such as changing the brightness or changing the color as shown in FIGS. 20 (a) to 20 (c). There is no. In addition, since the four-element visual target 87 is presented by narrowing the light flux by the diaphragm 84 that is substantially conjugate with the pupil, the depth of the four-element visual target 87 becomes deep, and it is always relatively clear regardless of the visual acuity of the subject. It will be visually recognized, and there is no problem even for a subject with strong eyesight.

Further, the four-divided sensor 76 can be replaced with a position detector capable of detecting the center of gravity position and intensity. In this case, for example, in the case of the light receiving state as shown in FIG. 21 (b), the position detector produces a signal whose intensity is halved and the center of gravity is biased to the upper part. The deviation direction of can be detected. Further, in the case of the light receiving state as shown in FIG. 21 (c), it can be seen that the alignment is shifted in the optical path direction because the signal that the intensity is small and the center of gravity is at the center is obtained.

FIG. 22 shows another example of the fixation target. The target showing the alignment state to the subject is not of the type using the four light sources as described above, but an image display means using liquid crystal or the like. Has become. The liquid crystal display member 91 is a panel capable of electrically freely displaying an optotype of any size and shape at any location, and a fixed alignment mark 92 serving as a circular ring-shaped reference is displayed in the center thereof. .

When the subject performs alignment, a movable alignment mark 93 whose size and position are different from the fixed alignment mark 92 according to the alignment state is displayed on the liquid crystal display member 91 so as to overlap the fixed alignment mark 92. , Displayed to the subject. When the alignment state changes, the size and position of the movable alignment mark 93 changes, and when the alignments match, the fixed alignment mark 92 and the movable alignment mark 93 accurately overlap,
The subject knows that the alignment has been met.

FIG. 22A shows a fixed alignment mark 92.
The movable alignment mark 93 and the movable alignment mark 93 have the same size and their positions are not matched, which means that the alignment is matched in the optical path direction and the alignment is not matched in the vertical and horizontal directions. Further, in FIG. 22B, the alignment in the vertical and horizontal directions is matched, but the alignment is not matched in the optical path direction, and the sizes of the fixed alignment mark 92 and the movable alignment mark 93 are different.

FIG. 23 is a block diagram of the eighth embodiment and shows the main part of the measuring optical system. A lens 96, a half mirror 97, and a light source 98 are provided in front of the eye E to be inspected, and a four-division sensor 99 equivalent to that of the seventh embodiment is provided in the reflection direction of the half mirror 97. The light source 98 and the four-divided sensor 99 are conjugated via the half mirror 97, and the corneal reflection image 98 'is formed at the center of corneal curvature.

FIG. 24 is a block diagram of the optical system of the ninth embodiment. The optical systems 101 and 102 provided so as to be arranged symmetrically with respect to the visual axis of the eye E to be inspected include the half mirror 103, the lens 104, and the four-division sensor 105 from the eye E side.
Are sequentially arranged, and a light source 106 is provided in the reflection direction of the half mirror 103. The light source image 101 ′ formed by the optical system 101 is the four-division sensor 1 of the optical system 102.
It is conjugated with 05 and vice versa.

FIG. 25 is a plan view of the ophthalmologic examination apparatus according to the tenth embodiment, showing the measurement state of the right eye of the subject P. In front of the eye Et to be measured, an objective lens barrel 111, an inspection function unit 112 that measures the intraocular pressure, eye refraction, and the like and outputs the result from the side of the eye Et, the objective lens barrel 111 and the inspection function unit 112, or A television camera 113 that captures an image of the eye E through an optical system (not shown) inside the function unit 112, and an apparatus body 1 that internally includes the inspection function unit 112 and the television camera 113.
Support arm 115 fixed to 14, support arm 115
Television monitors 116 attached to the tip of the are sequentially arranged.

On both sides of the apparatus main body 114, lens frames 118a and 118b which are symmetrical and hold the correction lens 117 and open outward like a hinge are attached. When the lens frame 118a is open outward, the lens frame 118a is inserted on the optical path from the other eye Ef to the television monitor 116, and the lens frame 118a is not seen even if the subject P is nearsighted.
The screen of the television monitor 116 can be clearly observed by inserting an appropriate correction lens 117 into the.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing a display system. The alignment mark signals for alignment generated by the inspection function unit 112, the television camera 113 and the pattern generator 119 are combined by the mixer 120,
It is displayed on the television monitor 116. The image of the eye to be inspected and the alignment mark 119a are displayed on the television monitor 116.
And the measured value 112a is displayed. Note that the pattern generator 119 is not limited to an electrical generator, and an optical system may be used to project a pattern image on the television camera 113 and the alignment mark 119a may be displayed on the television monitor 116 by optical synthesis.

27 and 28 are explanatory views for explaining the operation principle of the present embodiment. For simplicity, the figure shows the eye
Only Et, the other eye Ef, the inspection function unit 112, and the television monitor 116 are drawn. As shown in FIG. 27, the television monitor 1
When 16 is arranged in front of the eye Et to be inspected, the eye Et to be inspected correctly faces the objective lens barrel 111, and the eye Et to be inspected is measured from the front side, and an accurate measurement result is obtained.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 28, the television monitor 1
When 16 is arranged on the line of sight O3 in the front direction of the other eye Ef, the eye E to be inspected is not visible due to the light blocking by the device body 114 in front of the eye, but the eye E to be inspected by the convergence function of the left and right eyes. Turns, and the visual axis of the eye Et changes to the visual axis O4. Since the visual axis O4 and the optical axis of the measurement optical system do not match,
If the inspection is performed in this state, there is a possibility that an inaccurate one may be obtained with respect to the true measured value. Therefore, the television monitor 116 needs to be arranged on the visual axis of the eye Et to be examined.

At the time of examination of the right eye, the subject P places the right eye, which is the subject's eye Et, in front of the objective barrel 111, and opens the lens frame 118a to the outside for adjusting the diopter. Other eye Ef
Then, an appropriate correction lens 117 is inserted. When the television monitor 116 is viewed with the other eye Ef, the television monitor 116
Since the image of the eye to be inspected and the alignment mark 119a can be confirmed above, the head is shaken so that the alignment matches. When the alignment is matched, an inspection button (not shown) is pressed and the inspection is performed by the inspection function unit 112. Then, the left eye is examined, the left eye is placed in front of the objective lens barrel 111, the lens frame 118b is opened outward, and the appropriate correction lens 117 is inserted into the right eye, and the right eye described above is inserted. The test is performed as for the eye.

FIG. 29 is a plan view of the eleventh embodiment.
The case where the width of the device main body is increased and the device main body obstructs the optical path 06 from the other eye Ef is shown. The TV monitor 122 arranged behind the device body 121 is
It is attached to the front end of a support arm 123 which rotates around the rear end of the first arm 1, and is configured to move up and down as the support arm 123 rotates. Two mirrors 124a and 124b are adhered to the side surface of the apparatus main body 121 symmetrically with respect to the optical path of the eye Et, and when the television monitor 122 is rotated to a predetermined position, the mirror 124a or 124b.
The image of the television monitor 122 projected on the other eye Ef is configured to be conjugate with the position on the visual axis of the eye Et to be examined.

When the subject P examines the right eye at the time of examination, the right eye is placed in front of the objective lens barrel 111. The subject P is the television monitor 1 on which the alignment mark and the anterior ocular segment image of the subject's eye Et are displayed through the left eye, which is the other eye Ef.
22 can be confirmed and alignment can be performed. At this time, since the television monitor 122 apparently exists in the front direction of the eye Et to be inspected, the eye Et to be inspected does not cause a turn due to the convergence function, and an error in the examination of the eye Et to be inspected is small.

When examining the left eye, the support arm 12
3 is rotated to move to the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line, and the left eye is moved to the objective lens barrel 11
1 is arranged in front of and alignment is performed while confirming the alignment state with the right eye. Note that the image displayed on the television monitor 122 may be displayed by electrically reversing the image inversion by the mirror 124a or 124b. Further, the two mirrors 124a and 124b are the main body 121 of the apparatus.
There is no problem even if the support arm 123 can be moved to the corresponding side without being attached to the. In this case, it is preferable that the support arm 123 temporarily floats above the surface of the paper, moves up and down, and then moves toward the reflection side.

FIG. 30 is a plan view of the twelfth embodiment,
The same members as those in the eleventh embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, a television monitor 126 facing away from the subject P is attached to the rear rear surface of the apparatus body 121. The mirror 1 is attached to the tip of a support arm 127 which is short in length and is rotatable around the rear rear surface of the apparatus body 121.
28 is attached to the mirror 124a or 124
The image on the television monitor 126 is guided to the other eye Ef via the mirror b and the mirror 128.

At the time of examination, the support arm 127 moves to an appropriate position, and the subject P can see the subject's eye image projected on the television monitor 122 via the mirror 124a. In the case of the inspection of the other eye, the support arm 127 is rotated and alignment is performed using the mirror 124b, as in the above-described embodiment. With such a configuration, the total length of the device can be shortened, and an attendant on the opposite side of the device can also look into the television monitor 122.

FIG. 31 is a plan view of the thirteenth embodiment,
This is an example in which a television monitor is arranged inside the device. An objective lens barrel 132 for performing an inspection is provided at the center of the front surface of the device main body 131 in which the inspection function unit and the like are housed.
An eye to be inspected
A television monitor 133 for projecting the anterior eye image of Et is arranged. Openings 134a and 134b for confirming the television monitor 133 are provided symmetrically on the front surface of the apparatus main body 131, which is separated from the objective lens barrel 132 by an approximately interpupillary distance.

At the time of eye examination, the eye to be inspected Et is arranged in front of the objective lens barrel 132, the other eye Ef is arranged in front of the opening 134a, and the television monitor 133 is watched, and the examination is carried out in the same manner as in the above-mentioned embodiment. . In the case of the examination of the other eye Ef, the eye after the examination is placed in front of the opening 134b, and the eye Et to be examined is set to the objective lens barrel 1
It goes without saying that it is arranged in front of 32. Further, it is preferable to attach a light-transmitting body such as glass to the openings 134a and 134b to prevent dust.

Incidentally, also in the eleventh to thirteenth embodiments, it is possible to attach the correction lens as in the tenth embodiment.

[0086]

As described above, in the inspection apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the gaze line can be kept constant by providing the member for limiting the projected light flux of the light source image, the alignment is easy, and the self-optometry apparatus is low in cost. Is obtained. Further, in the case of the tonometer, a glaucoma patient whose peripheral visual acuity is considered to be deteriorated is often examined. However, since a fixation target can be presented in the central region of the visual field of the eye to be examined, it can be used safely by a glaucoma patient.

In the inspection apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention, a plurality of aperture members are arranged on the target projection optical path, so that the subject can easily determine the alignment and the alignment.

In the inspection apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the color of the fixation target is changed according to the output signal of the position detecting means, so that the subject can easily express the delicate alignment state in more detail, and the inspection time is also increased. Can be shortened.

The inspection apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the invention is provided with a simple input means for inputting a time different from the inspection time, and the time and date of administration of the therapeutic agent, letters and symbols for identifying the type of the administered therapeutic agent, etc. By recording the information, the doctor in charge of the patient can see the test data and the information regarding the timing of administration of the therapeutic agent at the same time, and the degree of the effect of the therapeutic agent, the progress of the medical condition, the improvement, etc. can be understood, and more detailed treatment can be performed by the patient. Can be done against.

The inspection apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the invention is convenient because it is possible to easily obtain a clue to confirm the alignment state and to perform self-alignment.

In the inspection apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the television image of the eye to be inspected is displayed at a position corresponding to the frontal line of sight of the apparent eye to perform alignment and inspection while confirming with the other eye. More reliable inspection results can be obtained. In addition, there is a degree of freedom in the placement of the TV monitor and the selection of the optical path, especially when the alignment is performed accurately.
When combined with an automatic measurement type inspection function unit that automatically performs inspection, quick and accurate measurement is performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a state in which a tube member is looked into.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another example of the tube member.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a fixation targeting means.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a four-division sensor.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a fixation light source is viewed.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a chart plate.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a tube member is viewed.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a printer print example.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a printer print example.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a front view of a membrane switch.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a liquid crystal display panel.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a printer print example.

FIG. 19 is a configuration diagram of a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of looking at a four-leaf prime optotype.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a relationship between a corneal reflection image and a four-division sensor.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a liquid crystal display member and alignment marks.

FIG. 23 is a configuration diagram of an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 24 is a configuration diagram of a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a plan view of the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of a display system.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram of an operation principle.

FIG. 29 is a plan view of the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 30 is a plan view of the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 31 is a plan view of the thirteenth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 4, 11, 27, 36, 39, 53, 83, 98,
106 Light source 2, 10, 38 Tube member 9 Two-dimensional sensor 16, 42, 77 Air nozzle 25, 76, 99, 105 Four-division sensor 31, 47, 54, 89 Light receiving sensor 57 Timer 59 Input switch 61 Liquid crystal display panel 62 Printer 66 Membrane switch 87 Four-element visual indicator 88 LED 91 Liquid crystal display member 111, 132 Objective lens barrel 112 Inspection function unit 113 Television camera 116, 122, 126, 133 Television monitor 117 Corrective lens

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] March 30, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Fig. 27

[Correction method] Added

[Correction content]

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of an operation principle.

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A self-optometry apparatus having means for presenting a fixation target light source image for the eye to be inspected, wherein the projection optical path of the light source image is substantially between the projection lens and the fixation target light source image. An inspection apparatus characterized in that projection light limiting means, which are parallel to each other and have openings for limiting a projection angle of a projection light beam of the light source image, are arranged at both ends. 2. The inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the member is a pipe member, and the inner surface is a mirror surface. 3. A self optometry apparatus having means for presenting a fixation target light source image for the eye to gaze, wherein the light sources are provided at both ends on a projection optical path between the eye and the fixation target light source image. An inspection apparatus, wherein a plurality of projection light limiting means having an opening for limiting a projection angle of a projected light flux of an image are arranged in parallel. 4. A self-eye examination apparatus having means for presenting a fixation target for the eye to be inspected and position detecting means for detecting the position state of the eye to be examined, in accordance with an output signal of the position detecting means. An optometry apparatus having means for varying the color of the fixation target. 5. An eye examination apparatus having a clock for measuring an examination time and a means for recording the examination time, an input means for inputting a time different from the examination time, and a drug administration time by a signal from the input means. An examination apparatus comprising: a determination unit that determines that the administration time and a recording unit that records the administration time. 6. The inspection apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a transmission unit that transmits the inspection time and the administration time. 7. The examination apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising means for recording an elapsed time for each input of the administration time. 8. The inspection apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising: a unit for inputting information on the drug relating to the administration time and a unit for displaying the information. 9. The inspection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the input unit inputs another time in accordance with attachment / detachment of the eye drop container. 10. A photoelectric detecting means for projecting a light flux from the optical axis direction onto a cornea and receiving a corneal reflected light by a photoelectric sensor, and an eccentricity of an eye to be examined based on an eccentricity of the corneal reflected light reaching the photoelectric sensor. In addition, the inspection device is characterized by further comprising: an optotype means for calculating a position in the optical axis direction from the light intensity and displaying the calculated position. 11. The alignment target is displayed by a plurality of light sources each of which has a variable light emission state, and the alignment state is displayed by changing the light emission states of the light sources relatively and absolutely. Inspection equipment. 12. Means for displaying an image of a subject's eye taken by a television camera from the front side on a television monitor by combining the image with an alignment mark, and a device for presenting the image of the television monitor to the other eye and the subject's eye. The alignment is performed by a subject himself / herself, and the presenting position of the alignment mark is substantially on the line of sight of the subject's eye.