JPH06104595B2 - Humus accelerator and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a humification accelerator that has an effect of increasing the humification rate of coarse organic matter in soil and has no residual nitrogen after use, and a method for producing the same. .

[Conventional technology]

The modern agriculture is becoming very labor-saving and highly productive due to the introduction of modern agricultural machinery and the large amount of chemical fertilizers, but on the other hand, the physical and chemical soil devastation is remarkable, and the compost etc. Currently, the company is promoting the return of organic materials to soil.

However, rice straw in paddy fields and fresh organic matter in upland fields have a slow humification rate in soil, especially in cold regions north of Tohoku, and various methods have been tried to promote humification. There is.

That is, a method of adding a calcareous fertilizer containing no nitrogen such as slaked lime to an organic matter, a method of adding lime nitrogen to an organic matter, a method of adding a specific bacterium to an organic matter, etc. are common, but in any method, It has the disadvantage of and is not satisfactory.

First of all, the method of using a calcareous fertilizer containing no nitrogen as a humification accelerator is a humification rate because it does not have the effect of enriching nitrogen as a nutrient source even though the function of adjusting pH in the bacterial breeding environment is sufficient. Can not be expected to improve significantly. In addition, the method using lime nitrogen has an effect of enriching nitrogen as a nutrient source in addition to the effect of adding the calcareous fertilizer, and thus the humification rate is greatly improved. However,
This method has a serious drawback that the residual effect of nitrogen, that is, the nitrogen component remains even after the completion of humification of organic matter, hinders the fertilizer design of crops, and makes it impossible to control the growth of crops. . Therefore, the embodiment is not satisfactory, for example, it is necessary to be extremely careful and to suppress the amount of addition in the vicinity of the effective lower limit value at the sacrifice of the effect of promoting humification. Furthermore, in the method of adding specific bacteria, the lack of cold-resistant strains is fatal, and it is often influenced by external factors, and universal effects cannot be expected. It is difficult to say that it is suitable for the reproductive environment of, and in addition, it has a doubt on its humification promoting effect because it lacks nutrient sources.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Thus, although various methods for promoting humification have been tried, a practical method from the viewpoint of efficiency and labor saving has not been completed yet.

The main reason is that cold-resistant strains cannot be obtained,
It usually takes several months for the humification of rice straw in paddy fields. In addition, lime for neutralizing various acids generated by the activity of bacteria and a nutrient source, in particular, nitrogen, were the only ones because only lime nitrogen was present.

After all, excellent additives that are efficient and labor-saving to promote humification and that do not cause obstacles such as nitrogen residual effects have not been perfected.

[Means for solving problems]

As a result of earnest research on an additive that promotes efficient and labor-saving humification, the present inventors have found that a basic fertilizer containing lime as a main component including molten phosphorus fertilizer and containing no nitrogen ( Hereinafter, referred to as basic fertilizer) and urea, which is a nitrogen fertilizer, can be compounded and granulated without causing volatilization of nitrogen by using a specific method, and the granulated product is very useful for promoting humification of organic matter. The present invention has been achieved by finding that the effect is exhibited.

That is, the gist of the present invention is a granular humification accelerator comprising a basic fertilizer and urea.

Examples of the basic fertilizer include fused phosphorus fertilizer, slaked lime, lime carbonate, lime silicate and the like. There are no particular restrictions on the basic fertilizers and urea that are the raw materials for their production, and those that are in circulation as fertilizers are sufficient, and the particle size is such that granulation is possible, for example, in the case of molten phosphorus fertilizer. 200
About 40% under the mesh sieve is sufficient.

The basic fertilizer, which is one of the components of the humification accelerator of the present invention, is used as a soil-producing fertilizer,
It is possible to apply the desired amount of soil fertilizer to the fields by using more than the amount required for humification of organic matter. On the other hand, the carbon content (C / N ratio) of organic matter to be humified varies from less than 10 in rapeseed meal to around 70 in rice straw and 100 or more in bark, depending on the type. The amount of urea for maintaining a suitable carbon ratio of 20 to 30 also depends on the type of the organic substance. Therefore,
The content of urea in the humification accelerator of the present invention should be determined depending on the application amount of the accelerator itself, the type of organic substance, the application amount, etc., but usually 60 wt% or less, particularly 20 to
If it is in the range of 50 wt%, it is highly versatile.

Hereinafter, the method for producing the humification accelerator will be described.

Mixing basic fertilizer and urea in the desired amount, using a general mixer,
For example, a ribbon mixer, a paddle mixer or the like is used, and water is added if necessary, followed by thorough mixing and granulation.

The humification accelerator of the present invention is preferably produced by granulating by a pressure molding method, and has a water content at the time of granulation of 4 wt% or less (based on the total amount of basic fertilizer, urea and water. The same applies to the above, including 0 wt%), preferably tumbling granulation, which is a general fertilizer granulation method obtained when set to 3% or less, is not suitable as a method for producing the humic accelerator. . The granulation water content in rolling granulation is generally 8
%, The raw material particles are wrapped in a water film, and the components in the compounded fertilizer are eluted into this water film.
Although there is a difference depending on the fertilizer, its pH rises to 8-12,
This is because the nitrogen fertilizer such as the ammonium salt or urea eluted is decomposed, and the nitrogen content is vaporized as ammonia. On the other hand, in the present invention, by limiting the upper limit of the amount of water that can be added, ammonia volatilization can be kept within a range that does not hinder practical use, and the granulating method also adopts a pressure molding method such as a briquette method or an extrusion method. Since the water content at the time of granulation is unnecessary or small, it does not cause the above-mentioned problems such as rolling granulation. Therefore, there is almost no need for drying after granulation, and if necessary, drying with cold air is sufficient.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, humification of organic matter can be achieved in a short period of time,
Moreover, it is possible to easily obtain a labor-saving humification accelerator that has an excellent effect that no residual of turpentine remains after the humification is completed and that the effect as soil fertilizer is maintained even after the humification is completed. In particular, when molten phosphorus fertilizer is used as the basic fertilizer, since it contains phosphoric acid as a nutrient source for bacteria, the effect of promoting humification becomes more remarkable, and the effect of improving the chemical properties of soil is also large.

[Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Production Examples 1 to 6 Powdered basic fertilizers having the following particle sizes and powdered urea were supplied to a paddle type mixer in the following formulations, respectively, and thoroughly mixed, and then extruded with a die having a diameter of 3 mm. Granulation was carried out using a granulator to obtain a columnar, almost anhydrous granule having a diameter of 3 mm and an average length of 3.5 mm. There was no ammonia odor in this process.

The properties of the obtained granules are shown in the table below.

Production Examples 7 to 9 The same composition as in Production Example 3 was further added with water of 0.8 kg / H (Example 7), 1.7 kg / H (Example 8) and 2.5 kg / H (Example 9), The granulated product was mixed and granulated in the same manner as in Production Example 3 and dried with a cool air at 26 ° C. in a rotary cooler to obtain the same granulated product as in Production Example 3. In this process, a slight ammonia odor was detected in Production Example 9.

The properties of the obtained granules are shown in the table below.

Comparative Production Example 1 The same composition as in Production Example 3 was further added with 5 kg / H of water, which was supplied to a paddle type mixer and thoroughly mixed, and then 3 kg / H using a pan type granulator with a diameter of 1 m. Then, rolling granulation was performed while further adding water, and then dried by a rotary dryer to obtain a granulated product having a particle size of approximately 1 to 4 mm. In this process, the odor of ammonia was extremely large and it was impossible to operate for a long time.

The properties of the obtained granules are shown in the table below.

Comparative Production Example 2 After adding 4 kg / H of water to the same formulation as in Production Example 3 and granulating in the same manner as in Production Example 3, drying was performed using a rotary dryer while sending warm air of 80 ° C. to produce The same granulated product as in Example 3 was obtained. The generation of ammonia odor in this process gradually increased as the temperature of the granulator increased. The properties of the obtained granules are shown in the table below.

Test Examples 1 to 5 Comparative Test Example 1 Using the granules obtained in Production Examples 3, 4, 5 and 6 and lime nitrogen,
A humification test of rice straw was carried out.

(Method) Rice straw with a water content of 13.5% was added to the soil containing a relatively small amount of humus.
700kg per 10a was mixed in, and after adding various amounts of various humification accelerators, humidity was 75%, soil temperature was 30 ° C and
The amount of humus produced was kept constant at 15 ℃ and quantified to compare it with the theoretical production. Residual nitrogen was quantified 40 days and 80 days after the start of the test and compared with the initial concentration.

(Results) The results are shown in the table below.

The humification accelerator of the present invention has no residual nitrogen after use,
In particular, the one blended with the molten phosphorus fertilizer had a remarkable effect at low temperature.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A granular humification accelerator, which comprises lime as a main component and a basic fertilizer containing no nitrogen and urea. 2. A basic fertilizer having lime as a main component and containing no nitrogen is fused phosphorous fertilizer, quick lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate fertilizer, shell fossil fertilizer, by-product lime fertilizer, mixed lime fertilizer, mineral silicic acid. The humicification accelerator according to claim (1), which is a quality fertilizer. 3. A granular humus characterized by granulating a mixture of basic fertilizer containing lime as a main component and containing no nitrogen and urea under a water content of 0 to 4 wt% by a pressure molding method. Method for producing chemical accelerating agent. 4. A basic fertilizer containing lime as a main component and containing no nitrogen is a fused phosphorus fertilizer, quick lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate fertilizer, shell fossil fertilizer, by-product lime fertilizer, mixed lime fertilizer, ore silicic acid. Claim (3) which is one of the quality fertilizers
A method for producing the granular humification accelerator according to the item.