JP2616580B2 - Humic formation promoter and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention promotes the humification of coarse organic matter in soil even at a low temperature, and furthermore, nitrogen residue (inorganic nitrogen) after humification.
Humidification promoter without humidification.

[Problems to be Solved by Conventional Techniques and Inventions] Rice straw and the like are important organic resources from the viewpoint of soil cultivation, but humus is difficult to progress when cut and sprayed. However, there are many problems such as the rapid decomposition of organic matter in the high temperature period after rice transplantation in early spring, causing gas generation, causing damage to important roots and disturbance of growth. Although there has been a strong demand for materials for promoting the decomposition of rice straw and the like, those that have the desired effects as described below are:
Had not been obtained. For this reason, it is recommended that high-quality compost, which is important for soil creation, be produced and returned to paddy fields.

Although various methods for promoting humification have been conventionally attempted, practical methods from the viewpoint of effective labor saving have not been completed yet. The main reason is that it is not possible to obtain cold-tolerant bacterial species. In addition, even if a few months of humification of rice straw in a paddy field is left, humification does not usually progress to a level of high-quality compost, which leaves the above-mentioned problem. In addition, neutralization of various acids produced by bacterial activities and nutrients, especially nitrogen, were integrated with only lime nitrogen. As another method, humus is promoted by neutralizing various acids and applying a nitrogen source individually.However, the growth is impaired by immature organic matter with only a slight effect. And satisfactory results have not been obtained. This is due to the fact that the mechanism of humification in the case of spraying and plowing of straw in paddy fields is still insufficiently elucidated. The development of materials for promotion was not progressing. For this reason, a straw humus fertilizer manufactured by granulation with a component mixture containing three components of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and alkali has not been obtained. There is also a manufacturing problem that ammonia is volatilized in the presence of phosphoric acid due to the presence of alkali in the manufacturing process.

As a result, excellent additives for promoting humification that are efficient and labor-saving and do not cause obstacles such as residual nitrogen are not completed.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on an additive that promotes efficient and labor-saving humification. As a result, the basic fertilizer containing lime as a main component and containing no nitrogen, and urea were added. It has been found that by using a specific method, compounding and granulation can be carried out without causing volatilization of nitrogen, and that the granulated material exerts an extremely effective effect on promoting humification of organic substances (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-104595). Gazette). However,
The present inventors, including two of the above, have a basic fertilizer containing lime or magnesia as a main component and not containing nitrogen (hereinafter referred to as a basic fertilizer), a nitrogenous fertilizer, and a phosphoric acid other than a fused phosphorus fertilizer. The present invention has been found that a granular humidification accelerator having the same effect can be obtained from a fertilizer.

That is, the gist of the present invention is a granular humification promoter comprising a basic fertilizer, a nitrogenous fertilizer, and a phosphate fertilizer.

Examples of the basic fertilizer include molten phosphorus fertilizer, calcium carbonate fertilizer, quick lime, slaked lime, by-product lime, mixed lime fertilizer, mineral silicate fertilizer, and hydroxylated magnesia; and nitrogenous fertilizer such as ammonium sulfate, Ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, nitrate lime, humic acid ammonium fertilizer, urea, mixed urea fertilizer, isobutyraldehyde processed urea fertilizer, acetaldehyde processed urea fertilizer, formaldehyde processed urea fertilizer, guanyl urea sulfate fertilizer, lime nitrogen , By-product nitrogen fertilizer, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, urea phosphate, etc .;
And, as the phosphate fertilizer, lime superphosphate, lime heavy phosphate, magnesia perphosphoric acid, calcined phosphorus fertilizer, precipitated phosphate lime,
Mixed phosphorus fertilizer, by-product phosphorus fertilizer, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, urea phosphate and the like can be mentioned. As described above, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, urea phosphate, etc. are not only nitrogenous fertilizers, but also phosphoric fertilizers, so that basic fertilizers can be used without adding other nitrogenous fertilizers or phosphate fertilizers. The humification promoter of the present invention can also be used in combination with a fertilizer.

There are no particular restrictions on the basic fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer that are used as the raw materials for production, and those that are distributed as fertilizers are sufficient, and the particle size can be granulated,
For example, about 40% under a 100 mesh sieve as in the case of heavy superphosphate is sufficient.

Since the basic fertilizer, which is one of the components of the granular humification promoter of the present invention, is used as a soil-making fertilizer, it causes soil damage even when used in an amount larger than that required for humification of organic matter. Helps to improve the physicochemical properties of the soil without the need. On the other hand, nitrogen and phosphoric acid are essential nutrient elements of microorganisms that directly function as humus, and have an action to promote their growth.

Suitable for so-called humus in general because the carbon ratio (C / N ratio) in the organic matter to be humified varies greatly depending on the type, from less than 10 rapeseed meal to around 70 rice straw and more than 100 bark. In order to make the carbon ratio 20 to 30 or less, the mixing ratio of the nitrogenous fertilizer depends on the type of the organic matter. In addition, when phosphoric acid is applied to soil, it is applied at the same ratio as nitrogen in order to compensate for the poor utilization rate due to small movement due to diffusion for soil adsorption and fixation.

Therefore, the content of nitrogen and phosphoric acid in the granular humidification accelerator of the present invention should be determined by the application rate of the accelerator itself, the kind of organic substance, the application rate, and the like. If it is in the range of 10 to 50 wt%, versatility is high.

(Production method of humification accelerator) The granular humification accelerator of the present invention is obtained by mixing a basic fertilizer, a nitrogenous fertilizer, and a phosphate fertilizer in desired amounts, and using a general mixer such as a ribbon mixer and a paddle mixer. And adding the granulating agent to the mixture, followed by sufficient granulation, followed by granulation. As the granulation method, a pressure molding method is preferable, and the ratio of the granulating agent during granulation is 0 to 15 wt% (based on the total amount of the basic fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, and the granulating agent). You can choose from the range. Rolling granulation, which is a commonly used method for granulating fertilizers, is not suitable as a method for producing the granular humification accelerator. In the tumbling granulation, water is used and granulated water is generally added as 8% or more, so that the raw material particles are in a state of being wrapped in a water film, and the components in the compound fertilizer elute into the water film, Although there is a difference depending on the fertilizer, its pH rises to 8 to 12, whereby the eluted nitrogen components such as ammonium salts are decomposed, and the nitrogen content is volatilized as ammonia.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the granulation is performed without adding water so that the volatilization of the nitrogen component is kept within a range that does not hinder practical use. The volatilization of the nitrogen component due to the decomposition of nitrogen can be prevented, and the adverse effects such as the above-described tumbling granulation do not occur.

An example of the production process of the particulate humicification accelerator of the present invention is shown in the drawings.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the granular humus accelerating agent of the present invention, humification of organic matter can be achieved in a short time, and there is no nitrogen residue (as inorganic nitrogen) after the end of humification, improving the physicochemical properties of soil. A suitable soil environment for crop cultivation can be created. For this reason, it can be said that it is an optimal material as a part of the biological system-based agricultural technology for reducing, reusing, and cultivating organic matter. In addition, the granular humification promoter can be produced by the pressure molding method without causing the volatilization of nitrogen.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Production example Powdered nitrogenous fertilizer, powdered phosphoric acid fertilizer, and ethanol as a granulating agent were fed to a paddle-type mixer in the following composition to a powdered basic fertilizer of about 40% under a sieve with a particle size of 100 mesh. After mixing, granulate using an extrusion granulator equipped with a die having a diameter of 3 mm, diameter 3 mm,
A cylindrical granulated product having an average length of 3.5 mm was obtained. There was no smell of ammonia in this process.

Test Example A rice straw humus test was carried out by providing a granular humification promoter obtained in Production Examples 2 and 3 and a control group to which no promoter was added.

(Method) Teaching soil (paddy field) TN 0.26%, TC 4.0%, C
Using / N 15.50, 600 kg of rice straw was mixed in a pot (60 cm × 60 cm × 15 cm) with respect to 100 tons of soil, and embedded in a paddy field to conduct an embedding test.

The test period was from November 1987 to April 1988.

A sample (straw only) was taken and analyzed every month to measure the carbon ratio.

Analytical value of rice straw at start: T-N 0.407%, T-C 3
7.99%, C / N 93.3.

(Results) The results are shown in the table below.

In the case of using the particulate humification promoter of the present invention, after 5 months, the dry matter remaining of the straw is about 55%, and the other is humified. The carbon content of each test example was around 36.8%. This is the proportion of carbon in the remaining rice straw dry matter, and thus represents the amount of organic matter that will be decomposed.
From this fact, it can be said that the one with a smaller dry matter remaining ratio has been decomposed and humified. As for nitrogen, the higher the nitrogen concentration, the smaller the percentage of dry matter remaining, indicating that humification progressed quickly. Comparing the carbon ratios, Test Examples 1 and 2 were 8 to 11 lower than those in the control plot, indicating that humification of rice straw was promoted. Regarding the nitrogen residue (inorganic nitrogen), the soil analysis value of nitrogen after one month or more became the same value as the control group, and no nitrogen residue was observed.

Thus, the granular humification promoter can be said to be an effective material that promotes humification of rice straw and has no nitrogen residue.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawing is a diagram showing an example of the production process of the humification promoter of the present invention.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fertilizer comprising a basic fertilizer containing lime or magnesia as a main component and not containing nitrogen (hereinafter referred to as a basic fertilizer), a nitrogenous fertilizer, and a phosphate fertilizer other than a molten phosphorus fertilizer. And a granular humification accelerator. 2. The basic fertilizer is at least one selected from the group consisting of fused phosphorus fertilizer, calcium carbonate fertilizer, quick lime, slaked lime, by-product lime, mixed lime fertilizer, mineral oxidized fertilizer, and hydroxylated magnesia.
Nitrogen fertilizers include ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfate sodium, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, nitrate lime, humic acid ammonium fertilizer, urea, mixed urea fertilizer, isobutyraldehyde processed urea fertilizer, acetaldehyde processed urea fertilizer, formaldehyde processed urea fertilizer,
Guanylurea sulfate fertilizer, lime nitrogen, by-product nitrogen fertilizer, at least one of diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, and urea phosphate, and the phosphate fertilizer is lime superphosphate, lime heavy superphosphate, Magnesium perphosphoric acid, baked phosphorus fertilizer,
The granular humicification promoter according to claim 1, which is any one of precipitated lime phosphate, mixed phosphorus fertilizer, by-product phosphorus fertilizer, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, and urea phosphate. 3. A granulation of a mixture comprising a basic fertilizer containing lime or magnesia as a main component, a nitrogenous fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer by a pressure molding method in the presence of a granulating agent of 0 to 15 wt%. A method for producing a granular humification promoter.