JPH0579006A - Waterproof covering layer forming material for civil engineering construction and waterproof covering layer forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To securely form a waterproof cover layer excellent in strength, waterproofness, and durability regardless of conditions of an execution face or weather conditions, when forming the waterproof cover layer is formed on a road or a building. CONSTITUTION: An asphaltic material is formed to shape a net while using or not using a net as a base material and it is coated with paraffin to form a material for a waterproof cover layer for the civil engineering and architecture. This material is laid on an execution face and flame or a high temperature burning gas is blown on the material face from above the material laid to heat and dry the execution face and melt and fluidize the asphalt material and paraffin. In this way, the meshes of the net are broken to bond the material to the execution face.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a material for forming an asphalt waterproof coating layer for use in pavement work for roads and plazas and construction work for applying a waterproof coating to the floors and roofs of buildings, and the use of the material. The present invention relates to a waterproof coating layer forming method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Asphalt has been used as the waterproof pavement material for roads and plazas for the longest time, and it is still a typical one. Asphalt is also widely used as a coating material for waterproofing floors and roofs of buildings. Forming a waterproof coating layer with asphalt (hereinafter sometimes referred to as asphalt construction)
In the case of road pavement and floor construction, it is common to use a asphalt material that has been heated to a molten state in a kettle installed at the construction site. In such conventional asphalt construction, the condition of the construction surface has a great influence on the quality of the construction result. That is, in order to obtain good results in asphalt construction, the following three points are important in terms of construction.

Completely dry: An asphalt melt without hydrophilicity does not fit on a wet construction surface, and strong adhesion cannot be expected. In order to obtain good results, it is said that the concrete construction surface must be in a dry state with a water content of about 6% or less. Detergency: There should be no fragile thin layer of cement or calcareous surface, old asphalt residue, etc. that floated on the surface when placing concrete, and no aged or weathered surface. It is desirable to have a clean surface such as that after washing with water. Temperature: It is necessary to be about 10 ° C. or higher. The closer the temperature to the temperature of molten asphalt, the less increase in viscosity due to cooling when the asphalt comes into contact with the construction surface,
Asphalt penetrates well into the construction surface and adheres securely.

However, these requirements are rarely met at actual construction sites. At best, you just blow off the dust with a compressor, and in many cases you will be forced to work even if the water content and temperature are not very favorable.
Moisture content is also a problem for aggregates such as sand and crushed stone that are mixed in asphalt, and paving using aggregates with a moisture content exceeding 2% results in poor adhesion between asphalt and aggregate. Due to peeling, insufficient strength, etc., the durability is poor. In the asphalt pavement where the asphalt and aggregate are mixed at the construction site, it is not possible to expect to use only the aggregate in a sufficiently dry state, and the wet bone is used in the construction performed during bad weather conditions such as the rainy season. The pavement may have poor durability due to the use of timber.

In addition, asphalt pavement is impermeable to water and air, has physical properties capable of sufficiently resisting various stresses from automobile wheels traveling on the pavement surface, and is softened at high temperatures in summer to cause a wavy phenomenon. However, the related asphalt pavement materials have the following problems. First,
Asphalt, which has a strong adhesive strength with the construction surface and aggregates and gives a pavement surface that is also favorable in terms of physical properties, has a relatively high viscosity, but in reality, it has permeability to fine cracks on the construction surface, soil, crushed stone, etc. Considering the mixing properties of, low viscosity ones are used. In addition, regardless of whether it is a high-viscosity product or a low-viscosity product, asphalt becomes brittle at low temperatures and tears easily to allow water to pass through, while it has the drawback of softening and waviness at high temperatures in summer, resulting in pavement in areas with severe differences in cold and hot weather. As a material, it is quite difficult to use. Further, it is a fairly difficult work to uniformly apply the molten asphalt pavement material, and the unevenness of the pavement thickness and the easy occurrence of uneven strength also make it difficult to achieve the above requirements.

In the asphalt waterproofing work for buildings, there are almost the same problems as in the above-mentioned pavement work.
In waterproofing construction, water leakage is more of a problem than in pavement construction, so asphalt primer is often used to improve the adhesion of the asphalt waterproofing layer to the construction surface made of concrete, but the penetration is about 10-40. The general primer, which is made by dissolving the blown asphalt in mineral spirit, xylol, solvent naphtha, etc., will not penetrate if the water content of the construction surface is high, and when the high temperature molten asphalt is sprayed next. It is not possible to prevent bubbles from being generated in the asphalt layer (or between the asphalt layer and the base) and causing cracks due to water vapor that is rapidly generated from the construction surface.
Tar epoxy-based or tar urethane-based resin primers have better adhesion to the substrate and are superior to asphalt primers, but they are still unsatisfactory on moist construction surfaces and are expensive, so they are popular. It has not come to do. Regarding the asphalt for waterproofing work, while the demand for water blocking performance is strict as described above, the work is often subdivided compared to the pavement work, so the following points become problems.

Since the heating conditions in the melting pot are not constant, and the time taken from the pot to the spraying is not constant, the asphalt having a viscosity unsuitable for construction is scattered and the thickness unevenness is caused. And often cause poor adhesion. It is difficult to check the amount of asphalt used specified in the specifications. Smoke and foul odors generated from the asphalt melting pot worsen the surrounding environment. In addition, it may cause a disaster such as a burn or a fire, making it difficult to secure workers. It takes time and effort to melt asphalt in a melting pot, collect it, transport it, and disperse it, and it is also dangerous, so it is difficult to secure skilled workers, and the ratio of personnel cost to construction cost Is high.

In waterproofing work, there is a method of attaching so-called asphalt roofing. Asphalt roofing is a completely water-blocking sheet manufactured at the factory, so a high degree of waterproofing is relatively easy to achieve in construction using it. However, even in this case, the dry condition of the construction surface remains a problem,
In addition, stone powder adhering to the roofing surface hinders the adhesion of asphalt. Even if there is a floating ear, wrinkles, insufficient crimping, damage, etc., it cannot be repaired well. The asphalt protruding from both ends of the roofing is still thick and cold when the next roofing to be stacked next to it is apt to cause a crimping failure in the overlapping portion of the roofing. If it rains during construction, it will be difficult to treat the accumulated rainwater. Skills are required for detailed construction of special parts such as projecting corners, entering corners, and around drains. The crack resistance of the asphalt roofing itself is not very good. However, there are some problems such as water leakage due to these problems.

[0009]

As described above, the conventional asphalt construction is difficult to carry out unless the construction surface is clean and dry and at an appropriate temperature, and if the construction is dared to proceed even if the conditions are not met, it will result. Was usually significantly inferior. In addition, conventional asphalt construction materials are hardly considered in regard to this problem. Further, the quality instability that is inevitable in the conventional asphalt pavement material or waterproof material prepared on site also deteriorates the reliability of waterproof performance and durability. An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, to provide a waterproof coating layer that is excellent in strength, waterproof performance, durability, etc., without selecting construction conditions than conventional asphalt construction materials, and for new asphalt construction. To provide the material. Another object of the present invention is strength,
An object of the present invention is to provide an asphalt construction method capable of easily and reliably forming a waterproof coating layer having excellent waterproof performance, durability, etc., without being affected by the condition of the construction surface or weather conditions.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, which has succeeded in achieving the above object, provides a waterproof coating layer forming material for civil engineering, which comprises impregnating / adhering asphalt to a yarn portion of a net, The present invention provides a reticulated material having paraffin attached to the surface. This material is made of cotton, hemp, wool, heat-resistant synthetic fibers, asbestos, glass fibers, etc., preferably a net made of fibers that do not melt even when heated to about 240 ° C. Although it can be produced by impregnating with asphalt by immersing in it, cooling the net pulled up from the asphalt melt to solidify the asphalt attached to the net, and finally immersing it in the paraffin melt and pulling it up,
The manufacturing method is not limited to this. The amount of asphalt adhering to the surface can be increased by repeating immersion in the asphalt melt and cooling 2-3 times. Stone powder, aluminum powder, finely cut fibers or the like may be attached to the surface of the asphalt by utilizing the adhesiveness of the asphalt attached to the net immediately after being pulled up from the asphalt melt.

The net of the base material is made of spun yarn, and in particular, a net made of loosely spun bulky yarn or a net made by tape-forming a plurality of parallel yarns. Is most preferable because it is well impregnated with asphalt and adheres to the surface in a large amount, but a net made of multifilaments or monofilaments may be used. This material is not only a net as a base material but also a net itself and has an opening. Preferred for general use are those having openings of about 15-35 mm. Another waterproof coating layer forming material provided by the present invention, without using a net as a base material, an asphalt material appropriately mixed with reinforcing short fibers and the like is formed into a net by a method such as cast molding. It is formed. This material may also have its surface coated with paraffin. In any of the above materials, the mesh size, the quality of asphalt, the amount of asphalt and paraffin adhering to the net, the type and amount of additives or adhering substances to the asphalt can be arbitrarily selected according to the intended use, but general applications The amount of asphalt adhered is about 1.2.
It is suitable that the amount of paraffin adhered is about a few to about one tenth of the amount of asphalt attached, which is about 3.0 kg / m ² .

In the asphalt construction method according to the present invention, the above-mentioned net-like coating layer forming material according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as asphalt net) is placed on the construction surface, and a flame or high temperature combustion gas is blown from the placed asphalt net. The construction surface is heated and dried, and the asphalt and paraffin of the asphalt net are melted and caused to flow, thereby crushing the mesh and simultaneously causing adhesion between the asphalt net and the construction surface.

[0013]

In the asphalt construction according to the present invention, the flame or high temperature combustion gas blown from the asphalt net placed on the construction surface passes through the openings of the asphalt net and reaches the construction surface. As a result, combustible dust and oil stains on the construction surface are burned to form ash and blown away, and the construction surface is cleaned. If it gets wet or damp, it will dry quickly,
At the same time, the surface is heated to a temperature suitable for asphalt fusion. In parallel with this, the paraffin and asphalt of the asphalt net are also heated, melted and flow with additives and deposits, and flow to the construction surface while crushing the mesh. At this time, the penetration of the paraffin melt, which has lower viscosity and better flowability and permeability than asphalt, penetrates deeply into all the fine irregularities and cracks on the construction surface, but the paraffin eventually burns out, and then It attracts asphalt and enables close adhesion between the construction surface and asphalt. As a result of the above, the asphalt net is transformed into a sheet without holes and is firmly adhered to the construction surface to form a uniform and strong waterproof coating layer. As mentioned above, the paraffin on the surface of the asphalt net not only helps the penetration of molten asphalt, but also prevents the asphalt nets from fusing together when they are rolled up or stacked before use. It also works.

The asphalt construction method according to the present invention will be described in more detail below. In order to obtain the flame or high temperature combustion gas required in the asphalt construction of the present invention using an asphalt net, a torch lamp that uses petroleum as a fuel or a burner of any structure that uses liquefied petroleum gas as a fuel is used depending on the scale of the construction. Select and use. The flame generated by the burner may be sprayed on the asphalt net as it is, or if it has a sufficient amount of heat to melt the asphalt, it may be sprayed on the asphalt net after it has become a high temperature combustion gas out of the flame state. .. Hereinafter, the case of mainly using a flame will be described, but the same operation can be performed using a high temperature combustion gas. The temperature of the flame emitted by the torch lamp or burner is about 1000 ° C to 1100 ° C. If such a high-temperature flame was blown directly through the openings of the asphalt net, it would be like having encountered a fire, and it might be feared that the concrete on the construction surface would be seriously damaged. However, many experimental examples and examples of the present invention have confirmed that such concerns are unnecessary.

That is, since the cement hydrate in concrete starts dehydration reaction at about 260 ° C. when heating and completes dehydration at about 480 ° C., when a flame is blown onto the concrete surface, it directly comes into contact with flame or hot air. This dehydration reaction occurs at an extremely early stage on the surface part, but because the dehydration reaction is an endothermic reaction and the concrete whose density has been reduced due to dehydration also has a low thermal conductivity, the internal temperature rises slowly and Deterioration can be done only in the surface layer. In addition, if the temperature of the particular place on the construction surface continued to rise because the flame continued to be applied to it, dehydration followed by thermal decomposition accompanied by significant volume expansion, and the decomposed surface layer rapidly It peels from the inner layer. This peeling occurs remarkably with a squealing noise, so that the operator can easily recognize it, and the psychology is usually fearing that the peeling will intensify due to further heating. Therefore, if the heating limit is determined by taking this small explosive peeling phenomenon as a guide, there is no possibility that thermal decomposition will proceed to the inner layer of the construction surface to cause cracking or decrease in strength. Of course, the surface of the construction surface that has been heated until the peeling phenomenon has changed so that traces of peeling can be seen, but this is immediately covered with asphalt, and it is rather better in terms of adhesion to asphalt. The peeling phenomenon is almost the same as crackling when salt is sprinkled in a fire, and therefore there is no risk of causing injury such as burns to an operator.

There is also no need to worry that direct blowing of flame may ignite asphalt having a flash point of about 200 ° C. and cause a fire, or oxidize the asphalt to cause deterioration of quality. Flames and high-temperature combustion gas blown out from a torch lamp or a burner mainly consist of carbon dioxide gas in which most of oxygen in the air is consumed by combustion of gasoline or liquefied petroleum gas as fuel. Generally, when the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the air exceeds 4%, the combustion of combustibles is stopped, so that the high temperature gas blown to the asphalt net in the method of the present invention does not assist the combustion even if the temperature is high. Absent. The continuously blown gas covers the heating area and its periphery to prevent air from entering the heating area. Therefore, continuous combustion is not possible in the heating area. When the heating area moves due to the movement of the crater of the burner, ambient air with a low carbon dioxide concentration may flow into the asphalt heated to a temperature above the flash point to ignite the asphalt. Combustion can be temporary if heating is performed while the position is moved frequently.

And, it takes only a short time to blow and melt and flow the flame, and since it is carried out in the non-oxidizing atmosphere as described above, which is different from the burning, it deteriorates the quality of the asphalt. Nor. Asphalt (blown asphalt) that has been modified by blowing air and water vapor in the molten state to cause polycondensation and partial oxidation, as you can see, generally uses asphalt heated in an open kettle to melt it. In typical asphalt construction, the time and temperature maintained in the heating and melting state have a large effect on the quality of the asphalt, and as the time elapses and the temperature rises, the asphalt deteriorates and the softening point rises. Ductility decreases. That is, it becomes hard and brittle, and the workability and the work quality deteriorate. Therefore, the temperature of molten asphalt must be strictly controlled so that it does not exceed the optimum temperature for construction, the molten asphalt is used up as soon as possible, and then new asphalt is melted. Has been paid. The method of the present invention in which the asphalt net is fused to the work surface by heating for a short time in a substantially oxygen-free state is advantageous over the conventional method also in that there is less risk of deterioration of the asphalt due to oxidation or polycondensation.

When the asphalt net that has been exposed to rain and dew while being placed on an outdoor construction site is subjected to flame treatment as it is, droplets of the asphalt crackle with rapid evaporation of water. It scatters and burns with black smoke, which ends naturally as soon as the evaporation of water is complete. In other words, even if a little water adheres to the asphalt net, it does not obstruct the asphalt construction of the present invention, so it does not need to be dried and can be used as it is. On the coating layer formed using asphalt net, two or more coating layers can be further formed as described above, whereby
It is possible to form a coating layer having more excellent waterproofness and strength. In the process, sand, crushed stone or the like may be sprinkled or molten asphalt may be applied, if necessary, and a waterproof sheet or roofing may be attached. The asphalt net of the present invention exerts its characteristics best when placed directly on concrete or an old pavement surface for flame treatment as described above, but it is applied while applying flame treatment after applying asphalt from the melting pot on the construction surface. You can also wear it.

[0019]

【Example】

Example 1 (Example of producing asphalt net) A tape-like yarn having a width of 25 mm, which is formed by aligning six jute yarns in parallel, is stretched at intervals of 25 mm to form a warp,
As a weft, a tape-shaped yarn composed of 12 jute yarns having a width of 30 mm was driven therein with a space of 30 mm provided between them to manufacture a net having a plain weave structure. This net is about 150-200
It was dipped in an asphalt melt at 0 ° C, pulled up and air-cooled, then dipped in another asphalt melt at a temperature of about 70 to 100 ° C, immediately pulled up and air-cooled. The net with asphalt attached was then immersed in molten paraffin at 70 ° C., immediately pulled up, and cooled by blowing cold air. As a result, an asphalt net having a mesh size of 25 × 30 mm, an asphalt adhesion amount of about 1.8 g / m ² and a paraffin adhesion amount of about 0.8 g / m ² was obtained. This asphalt net is suitable as an asphalt net used in the following examples.

Example 2 (Execution example of waterproof layer in road pavement) Asphalt net is spread on the road surface where crushed stones are spread and spread, and the flame of the burner is directly blown to melt and flow the asphalt of the asphalt net to the crushed stone gap. Permeate and coat the road surface. Immediately thereafter, sand, crushed stone, or the like is sprayed, and flame treatment is performed again until the surface becomes flat.

Example 3 (Example of repairing asphalt pavement) The damaged part of the pavement was first treated with a burner flame,
Next, lay an asphalt net and spray a burner flame on it. Depending on the repair scale, crushed stones are sprayed and asphalt mortar is placed in parallel with the flame treatment.

Example 4 (Example of use as a seam material) A seam of a concrete pavement for a road is cleaned, and an asphalt net cut to an appropriate width is lightly packed therein. Flame treatment is applied to melt the asphalt and penetrate the groove walls of the seam. When it gets a little cold, put another asphalt net on the seam and stuff it into the seam while flame-treating. Repeat the above work until there is no dent in the seam.

Example 5 (Example of waterproof construction work) Asphalt net is laid on a concrete rooftop floor,
Flame treatment is performed to clean, dry and heat the concrete surface, and at the same time, the asphalt of the asphalt net is melted and fluidized. Continue flame treatment until the mesh openings are gone and the concrete surface is covered with asphalt. On top of the waterproof coating formed, a roofing (or other tarpaulin) may be placed and pressed to bond while the asphalt is still hot and tacky. Depending on the required waterproof performance, if an asphalt net is placed on top of it and subjected to flame treatment, and roofing is placed on top of it and pressed and adhered repeatedly, a highly waterproof coating layer is formed. A waterproof film-forming material may be applied on top of the initial waterproof coating of asphalt net.

Example 7 (Example of construction waterproofing work) Floors with high demand for moisture proof performance such as grain warehouses and sugar warehouses, and floors requiring chemical resistance such as chemical laboratories are constructed with asphalt mortar or asphalt concrete. In doing so, the same waterproof coating as in the case of Example 5 is first formed by flame treatment of asphalt net, and asphalt mortar or the like is sprinkled on it, and trowel finishing is performed while flame treatment is performed.

Example 8 (Example of small-scale waterproofing treatment) A flame treatment is performed by placing an asphalt net at a crack generation site of concrete or asbestos roofing tile. With the spread of prefabricated construction, there is an increasing number of cases where conventional waterproof construction methods cannot deal with water leaks such as joints of various building members and around sashes, but this can also be easily done by applying a flame treatment with asphalt net. , It is possible to complete a welded joint. If a sealing material that can follow expansion and contraction to some extent is applied and filled on top of that, waterproofing will be even more complete.

Example 9 (Example of waterproofing of expansion joint) The groove walls on both sides of the water stop plate and the joint are flame-treated to be cleaned and dried, and the asphalt net is flame-treated at the joint portion to stop the asphalt water-stop. Permeate and adhere to the gap between the plate and concrete. After that, a liquid sealing material is poured. If there is a high demand for waterproof performance, the undersides on both sides of the joint should be covered with a flame treatment of asphalt net with a width of about 30 cm, and then the waterproof sheet should be slackened for reinforcement.

[0027]

The effects of the present invention based on the above configuration will be listed below. 1. Simultaneously with the start of the flame treatment, the construction surface is cleaned with hot air, dried, and heated, and the construction surface is in an ideal state for adhesion of molten asphalt. That is, the water content, which is the construction standard for asphalt construction, is 6% or less in the case of waterproofing foundations of buildings and 2% or less in the case of asphalt roads.
This water content standard is easily achieved even on wet construction surfaces after rain. As a result, the asphalt penetrates deeply into the minute voids on the construction surface and covers all fine irregularities to leave no gaps, so even a single layer achieves a high level of waterproof / moisture-proof performance, which is superior to conventional primers. ing.
Further, the construction can be performed without being restricted by the water content of the construction surface, and the preparation work can be simplified.

2. Due to the fact that asphalt flows under flame treatment and the temperature of the construction surface rises due to direct heating, even high-viscosity asphalt that could not be used for conventional asphalt construction is given sufficient fluidity for construction. Since it can be penetrated into the surface, it is possible to use a high-viscosity asphalt that gives a coating layer having a strong caking force and excellent strength. 3. The above-mentioned features 1 and 2 become more prominent in the case of having a paraffin coating layer on the surface because of the action of promoting the penetration of paraffin. 4. Assures that the construction surface will be dry, and that even if the asphalt net itself is wet, it will evaporate during melting and flowing, ensuring "zero" in both single-layer and multi-layer construction. It has a coating layer of "moisture" and "zero bubbles", and has excellent waterproof performance and durability.

5. Since the net base material of the asphalt net acts as a reinforcing material for the waterproof layer even after construction, a pavement in which cracks or waviness are unlikely to occur even with uneven loads received from automobiles running on the road surface can be obtained. 6. In the conventional construction method, repairing of cracked roads etc. is performed after cutting the V along the crack to widen the opening width so that the asphalt can easily flow in, but with the asphalt net placed flame treatment When the method of the invention is adopted, asphalt can be introduced into cracks without V-cutting and repaired like welding. 7. The use of factory-produced asphalt net guarantees the uniformity of the amount of asphalt applied per unit area of the construction surface and the mixing ratio of auxiliary materials such as sand and fibers, so even an unskilled person can easily perform uniform asphalt construction. It can be carried out. 8. With the above 5 and 7, it is possible to perform asphalt construction with the same performance even if it is thinner than before.

9. In conventional asphalt construction, the asphalt is crushed, put in an amount of asphalt that can be used up in a short time, heated to a predetermined temperature and melted, the molten asphalt is pumped out, transported to the construction surface, and applied. Although complicated and dangerous manual work and meticulous quality control are required, the method of the present invention only requires an easy-to-handle asphalt net and flame treatment. Further, since the flame treatment is performed while observing a remarkable change in the construction surface and the flow state of the asphalt as described above, no skill is required and there is no danger. Therefore, the present invention greatly facilitates the work, facilitates the repair work in a narrow space, and saves the labor cost, improves the safety, and shortens the construction period.

10. Eliminating the need for asphalt melting pots and solvent-based primers at the construction site reduces the possibility of environmental problems such as fire and air pollution during construction near residential areas. 11. The asphalt net can be cut with scissors to any size and shape, and the flame treatment can be done by using a small burner, and the vertical wall or ceiling surface can be sprayed with flame. Since it is possible, it is possible to perform work that was not possible with conventional asphalt work without being limited by the shape or site. 12. Improves joint waterproofing and joint fitting.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A mesh-like waterproof coating layer forming material for civil engineering and construction, which comprises impregnating and adhering asphalt on a yarn portion of a net, and adhering paraffin to the surface of the asphalt. 2. A waterproof coating layer forming material for civil engineering and construction, which is formed by forming an asphalt material into a net shape. 3. The waterproof coating layer forming material according to claim 1 or 2 is placed on a construction surface, and the construction surface is heated and dried by blowing a flame or high temperature combustion gas over the placed material. A method for forming a waterproof coating layer, characterized in that the asphalt and paraffin of the material are melted and flowed together, thereby crushing the mesh and simultaneously causing adhesion between the material and the construction surface.