JPH08524U - Waterproof coating layer forming material for civil engineering - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] When forming a waterproof coating layer on roads and buildings, it is a waterproof coating layer that has excellent strength, waterproof performance, durability, etc., regardless of the condition of the construction surface or weather conditions. To provide a reliable formation. [Structure] A waterproof coating layer forming material obtained by forming asphalt 3 into a net shape with or without a net as a base material and covering the whole with paraffin 4. The asphalt and paraffin of this material are melted and fluidized by placing on the construction surface and heating and drying the construction surface by blowing a flame from above to form an asphalt coating layer.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a material for forming an asphalt waterproof coating layer, which is used for pavement work on roads and plazas and for applying a waterproof coating to floors and roofs of buildings.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Asphalt has been the oldest used waterproof pavement material for roads and plazas, and is still the most representative. Asphalt is also widely used as a coating material for waterproofing the floors and roofs of buildings. The formation of a waterproof coating layer by asphalt (hereinafter sometimes referred to as asphalt construction) is carried out by installing a pot at the construction site and heating it to a molten asphalt quality whether it is road pavement or floor surface construction. It is usually done using materials. In such conventional asphalt construction, the condition of the construction surface has a great influence on the quality of the construction result. That is, in order to obtain good results in asphalt construction, the following three points are important in terms of construction.

Completely dry: A non-hydrophilic asphalt melt does not fit on a wet construction surface, and strong adhesion cannot be expected. In order to obtain good results, it is said that the concrete construction surface must be in a dry state with a water content of about 6% or less. Detergency: There should be no fragile thin layer of cement or calcareous surface, old asphalt residue, etc. floating on the surface when concrete is poured, and no aged or weathered surface. It is desirable that the surface is clean after being washed with water. Temperature: It is necessary to be about 10 ° C. or higher. The closer the temperature is to the temperature of the molten asphalt, the less the viscosity increase due to cooling when the asphalt comes into contact with the construction surface, and the better the asphalt penetrates into the construction surface and adheres securely.

However, these requirements are rarely observed in actual construction sites. At best, the compressor just blows off the dust, and the construction is often forced even if the water content and temperature are not so favorable. Moisture content is also a problem for aggregates such as sand and crushed stone that are mixed in asphalt, and pavement using aggregates with a moisture content exceeding 2% results in poor adhesion between asphalt and aggregate. Due to peeling, insufficient strength, etc., the durability is poor. In the asphalt pavement where the asphalt and the aggregate are mixed at the construction site, it is not possible to expect to use only the aggregate in a sufficiently dry state, and it was damp during the construction performed during bad weather conditions such as the rainy season. The pavement sometimes had poor durability due to the use of aggregate.

Regarding asphalt pavement, it must not allow water or air to permeate, have physical properties capable of sufficiently resisting various stresses from automobile wheels traveling on the pavement surface, and soften at high temperatures in summer to cause a wavy phenomenon. Although it is required to prevent this from happening, related conventional asphalt pavement materials had the following problems. First, asphalt, which has a strong adhesion to the construction surface and aggregates and provides a pavement surface that is also favorable in terms of physical properties, has a relatively high viscosity, but in reality, it has a permeability to fine cracks on the construction surface and Considering the compatibility with soil, crushed stone, etc., the one with low viscosity is used. In addition, regardless of whether it is a high-viscosity product or a low-viscosity product, asphalt becomes brittle at low temperatures and splits easily to allow water to pass through. It is quite difficult to use as a paving material. Further, it is a fairly difficult task to uniformly distribute the molten asphalt pavement material, and the unevenness of the pavement thickness tends to cause uneven strength, which makes it difficult to achieve the above requirements.

In the asphalt waterproofing work for a building, there are almost the same problems as in the case of the paving work described above. Since water leakage is more of a problem in waterproofing work than pavement work, an asphalt primer is often used to improve the adhesion of the asphalt waterproof layer to the construction surface made of concrete, etc. A general primer, which is made by dissolving about 40 blown asphalt in a solvent such as mineral spirit, xylol, and solvent naphtha, will not penetrate if the water content on the construction surface is high, and then melts at high temperature. It is impossible to prevent bubbles from being generated in the asphalt layer (or between the asphalt layer and the base) due to water vapor that is suddenly generated from the construction surface when the asphalt is sprayed, which causes cracks. Tar epoxy-based or tar urethane-based resin primers have better adhesion to the substrate and are superior to asphalt primers, but they are still unsatisfactory on moist construction surfaces and are expensive. It has not become popular. Regarding the asphalt for waterproofing work, the requirements for water blocking performance are strict as described above, but the work is often fragmented compared to the pavement work, so the following points become problems.

Since the heating conditions in the melting pot are not constant, and the time taken from the pot to spraying is not constant, the asphalt having a viscosity unsuitable for construction is scattered and the thickness is It often causes unevenness and poor adhesion. It is difficult to check the amount of asphalt used specified in the specifications. Smoke and foul odors generated from the asphalt melting pot worsen the surrounding environment. In addition, it may cause burns, fires and other disasters, making it difficult to secure workers. It takes time and effort to melt asphalt in a melting pot, collect it, transport it, and disperse it.It is also dangerous, so it is difficult to secure skilled workers, and the ratio of personnel costs to construction costs Is high.

In waterproofing work, there is a method of attaching so-called asphalt roofing. Asphalt roofing is a completely water-blocking sheet manufactured at the factory, so a high degree of waterproofing is relatively easy to achieve in construction using it. However, in this case as well, the dry condition of the construction surface remains a problem, and stone powder adhering to the roofing surface hinders the adhesion of asphalt. Even if you have ear bleeding, wrinkles, insufficient crimping, damage, etc., you can not repair it well. The asphalt that sticks out from both ends of the roofing is still thick and cold when the next roofing is piled up, and it is easy to cause defective crimping at the overlapping portion of the roofing. If it rains during construction, it will be difficult to treat the accumulated rainwater. Skills are required for detailed construction of special parts such as projecting corners, entering corners, and drain areas. The crack resistance of the asphalt roofing itself is not very good. However, there are many problems such as water leakage due to these problems.

[0009]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 As mentioned above, conventional asphalt construction is difficult to carry out unless the construction surface is clean and dry and at an appropriate temperature, and if the construction is dared to proceed even if the conditions are not met, the results will be significantly inferior. It was normal. Moreover, conventional asphalt construction materials are hardly considered in regard to this problem. In addition, the quality instability that is unavoidable with conventional asphalt pavement materials or waterproof materials prepared on-site also deteriorated the reliability of waterproof performance and durability. The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, to provide a waterproof coating layer which is excellent in strength, waterproof performance, durability, etc., regardless of the processing conditions used for conventional asphalt construction materials. To provide construction materials.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The present invention, which succeeds in achieving the above object, is made by impregnating and adhering asphalt on the yarn portion of the net, and by adhering paraffin to the surface of the adhering asphalt, and the amount of asphalt adhering to the asphalt. Provide a waterproof coating layer forming material for civil engineering and construction for forming an asphalt coating layer without spraying asphalt, characterized in that the amount is sufficient to fill the mesh when melted and flowed To do. This material is made from cotton, hemp, wool, heat-resistant synthetic fibers, asbestos, glass fibers, etc., preferably made of fibers that do not melt when heated to about 240 ° C. It can be manufactured by immersing it in the melt to impregnate it with asphalt, cooling the net pulled from the asphalt melt to solidify the asphalt attached to the net, and finally immersing it in the paraffin melt and pulling it up. However, the manufacturing method is not limited to this. The amount of asphalt deposited on the surface can be increased by repeating the immersion in the asphalt melt and cooling 2-3 times. Stone powder, aluminum powder, finely chopped fibers, etc. may be attached to the asphalt surface by utilizing the adhesiveness of the asphalt attached to the net immediately after being pulled up from the asphalt melt.

The net of the base material is made of spun yarn, in particular, a net made of loosely spun bulky yarn, or a net made by using a tape-shaped yarn in which a plurality of yarns are aligned in parallel. Is most preferable because it is well impregnated with asphalt and adheres to the surface in a large amount, but a mesh composed of multifilaments or monofilaments may be used. This material is not only a net as a base material but also a net itself and has an opening. Preferred for general use are those with openings of about 15-35 mm. Another waterproof coating layer-forming material provided by the present invention is a net-like material formed by cast molding of an asphalt material in which reinforcing short fibers are appropriately mixed without using a net as a base material. It is formed by molding. This material may also have its surface coated with paraffin. For any of the above materials, the mesh size, asphalt quality, amount of asphalt and paraffin deposited on the net, and the type and amount of additives or deposits on the asphalt can be arbitrarily selected according to the intended use. For various purposes, it is suitable that the asphalt adhesion amount is about 1.2 to 3.0 kg / m ² and the paraffin adhesion amount is a fraction to about 1/10 of the asphalt adhesion amount.

[0012]

[Action]

 The method for forming a waterproof coating layer using the above net-like coating layer forming material (hereinafter referred to as asphalt net) according to the present invention is as follows. First, the asphalt net is placed on the construction surface, and the construction surface is directly heated and dried by blowing a flame or high-temperature combustion gas over the placed asphalt net, and the asphalt and paraffin of the asphalt net are melted and fluidized. At the same time as crushing the mesh, it causes adhesion between the asphalt net and the construction surface.

In the asphalt construction using the material according to the present invention, the flame or high-temperature combustion gas blown from above the asphalt net placed on the construction surface reaches the construction surface through the openings of the asphalt net. . As a result, combustible dust and oil stains on the construction surface are burned to form ash and blown away, and the construction surface is cleaned. When wet or damp, it dries quickly, and at the same time the surface is heated to a temperature suitable for asphalt fusion. In parallel with this, the paraffin and asphalt of the asphalt net are also heated, melted and flow with additives and adhesives, and flow to the construction surface while crushing the mesh. At this time, the paraffin melt, which has lower viscosity and better fluidity and permeability than asphalt, penetrates deeply into all the fine irregularities and cracks on the work surface, but the paraffin eventually burns off and then Attracts asphalt and enables close adhesion between the construction surface and asphalt. As a result, the asphalt net is transformed into a sheet without holes and is firmly adhered to the construction surface to form a uniform and strong waterproof coating layer. As described above, the paraffin on the surface of the asphalt net has the function of assisting the penetration of the molten asphalt, and in addition, when the asphalt net is rolled up or piled up before use, the asphalt net is fused with each other. It also works to prevent

Hereinafter, the asphalt construction method using the asphalt net according to the present invention will be described in more detail. To obtain the flame or high-temperature combustion gas required for asphalt construction using asphalt nets, select a torch lamp that uses petroleum as a fuel or a burner of any structure that uses liquefied petroleum gas as a fuel, depending on the scale of the construction. use. The flame generated by the burner is blown onto the asphalt net as it is, or if it has a sufficient amount of heat to melt the asphalt, it will be blown onto the asphalt net after it has become a high temperature combustion gas that has exited the flame state. Good. Hereinafter, a case of using a flame will be mainly described, but the same can be performed by using a high temperature combustion gas. The temperature of the flame emitted by the torch lamp or burner is about 1000 ° C to 1100 ° C. If such a high temperature flame was blown directly through the openings of the asphalt net, it would be like a fire, and there is concern that concrete on the construction surface would be seriously damaged. Absent. However, a large number of experimental examples and usage examples confirm that such concerns are unnecessary.

That is, the cement hydrate in concrete starts dehydration reaction at about 260 ° C. when heated and completes dehydration at about 480 ° C. Therefore, when a flame is blown onto the concrete surface, the flame or hot air is directly blown. This dehydration reaction occurs at an extremely early stage on the surface part in contact with, but the internal temperature does not rise because the dehydration reaction is an endothermic reaction and the heat conductivity of concrete dehydrated and its density decreases. Slow, the alteration of concrete is limited to the surface layer. In addition, if the temperature of a specific location on the construction surface continued to rise because the flame continued to be applied to that location, dehydration followed by thermal decomposition accompanied by significant volume expansion, which promptly decomposed the surface layer. It peels off from the inner layer. This peeling occurs remarkably with a snapping noise, so that the operator can easily recognize it, and usually, there is a fear that the peeling will intensify due to further heating. Therefore, if the heating limit is determined by taking this small explosive delamination phenomenon as a guide, there is no risk that thermal decomposition will proceed to the inner layer of the construction surface, causing cracks or lowering the strength. Of course, the surface of the work surface heated until the peeling phenomenon has changed so that the trace of peeling can be seen, but this is immediately covered with asphalt, and it is rather better in terms of adhesiveness with asphalt. The peeling phenomenon is almost the same as crackling when salt is sprinkled in a fire, and therefore there is no risk of causing injury such as burns to workers.

There is also no need to worry that direct blowing of flame may ignite asphalt with a flash point of about 200 ° C. and cause a fire, or oxidize the asphalt to cause deterioration of quality. . Flames and high-temperature combustion gases blown out from torch lamps and burners consist mainly of carbon dioxide gas, which consumes most of oxygen in the air due to combustion of fuel gas and liquefied petroleum gas. Generally, when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air exceeds 4%, the combustion of combustibles is stopped, so the high-temperature gas blown to the asphalt net does not help the combustion of asphalt even if the temperature is high. The continuously blown gas then covers the heating area and its perimeter to prevent air from entering it. Therefore, continuous combustion is not possible in the heating area. When the heating area moves along with the movement of the burner crater, ambient air with a low carbon dioxide concentration may flow into the asphalt heated to a temperature above the flash point and ignite the asphalt. Combustion can be temporary if heating is performed while frequently moving the flame spray position.

The flame is blown for melting and flowing for a very short time, and it is performed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere as described above, which is different from burning, so that the quality of asphalt is improved. It does not deteriorate. As can be seen from the fact that there is asphalt modified by blowing air and water vapor in the molten state to cause polycondensation and partial oxidation (blown asphalt), the asphalt is heated and melted in an open kettle. In general asphalt construction, the time and temperature maintained in the molten state have a great influence on the quality of the asphalt, and as the time elapses and the temperature rises, the asphalt deteriorates and its softening point increases. Ductility decreases as it rises. That is, it becomes hard and brittle, and the workability and work quality deteriorate. Therefore, for molten asphalt, temperature control should be rigorous so that the optimum construction temperature does not exceed the necessary temperature, molten asphalt should be used up as soon as possible, and then new asphalt should be melted. Has been paid close attention. The asphalt coating layer formation method, in which the asphalt net is fused to the construction surface by heating for a short time in a substantially oxygen-free state, is more advantageous than conventional methods in that there is less risk of deterioration due to oxidation or polycondensation of asphalt. is there.

If the asphalt net that has been exposed to rain and dew while being placed outdoors on a construction site is subjected to flame treatment as it is, the asphalt droplets will make a crackle as the water evaporates rapidly. It burns with black smoke, which ends spontaneously as soon as the evaporation of water is complete. In other words, even if a small amount of water adheres to the asphalt net, it does not interfere with the asphalt construction, so it does not need to be dried and can be used as it is. It is possible to further form two or more coating layers on the coating layer formed using asphalt net as described above, thereby forming a coating layer having more excellent waterproofness and strength. Can be made. In the process, sand, crushed stone, etc. may be sprinkled or molten asphalt may be applied, if necessary, and a waterproof sheet or roofing may be attached. The asphalt net of the present invention exerts its characteristics best when subjected to flame treatment by directly placing it on concrete or an old pavement surface as described above, but after applying asphalt from the melting pot to the construction surface and then performing flame treatment. You can also use it by sticking.

[0019]

【Example】

Example 1 (Production Example of Asphalt Net) The asphalt net shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was produced as follows. First, a tape-shaped yarn 1 having a width of 25 mm, which is made by aligning 6 burlap yarns in parallel, is stretched at a distance of 25 mm to form a warp, and a weft yarn having a width of 30 mm and 12 burlap yarns is formed therein. The tape-like yarn 2 was driven in at intervals of 30 mm to produce a net having a plain weave structure. This net was immersed in an asphalt melt at about 150 to 200 ° C., pulled up and air-cooled, then immersed in another asphalt melt at a temperature of about 70 to 100 ° C., immediately pulled up and air-cooled. The net with the asphalt 3 attached was then immersed in molten paraffin at 70 ° C., immediately pulled up, and cooled by blowing cold air. As a result, an asphalt net having a mesh size of 25 × 30 mm, an adhesion amount of asphalt 3 of about 1.8 kg / m ² and paraffin 4 of about 0.8 kg / m ² on the asphalt 3 was obtained. This asphalt net is suitable as an asphalt net used in the following examples.

Example 2 (Execution example of waterproof layer in road pavement) Asphalt net was spread on the road surface where crushed stones were spread and spread, and the flame of the burner was directly blown to melt and flow the asphalt of the asphalt net to the crushed stone gap. Permeate and coat the road surface. Immediately thereafter, sprinkle sand, crushed stone, etc., and repeat flame treatment until the surface becomes flat.

Example 3 (Example of Repairing Asphalt Pavement Road) The damaged portion of the pavement road is first treated with a burner flame, then asphalt net is laid, and the burner flame is sprayed over it. Depending on the repair scale, crushed stones are sprayed and asphalt mortar is placed in parallel with the flame treatment.

Example 4 (Example of use as a seam material) A seam of a concrete pavement of a road is cleaned, and an asphalt net cut to an appropriate width is lightly packed therein. Flame treatment is performed to melt the asphalt and penetrate the groove walls of the seam. When it gets a little cool, place another asphalt net on the seam and stuff it into the seam while flame treating. Repeat the above steps until there are no dents in the seam.

Example 5 (Example of waterproofing construction work) Asphalt net is laid on a concrete rooftop, and flame treatment is performed to clean the concrete surface, dry and heat, and at the same time, melt the asphalt of the asphalt net. Let it flow. Continue flame treatment until the mesh openings are gone and the concrete surface is covered with asphalt. On top of the waterproof coating formed, a roofing (or other waterproof sheet) is placed and pressed while the asphalt is still hot and tacky to bond. Depending on the required waterproof performance, if an asphalt net is placed on top of it and subjected to flame treatment, and then roofing is placed on top of it, pressing and adhering are repeated to form a highly waterproof coating layer. A waterproof film-forming material may be applied on top of the initial waterproof coating of asphalt net.

Example 7 (Example of waterproofing construction work) Asphalt mortar and asphalt concrete are used for floors that have high moisture resistance requirements, such as grain warehouses and sugar warehouses, and floors that require chemical resistance, such as chemical laboratories. At the time of building in, a waterproof coating similar to that of Example 5 is first formed by flame treatment of asphalt net, and asphalt mortar or the like is sprinkled on it, and trowel finishing is performed while flame treatment is performed.

Example 8 (Example of small-scale waterproofing treatment) A flame treatment is performed by placing an asphalt net at a crack generation site of concrete or asbestos tile. With the spread of prefabricated construction, there is an increasing number of cases where conventional waterproofing methods cannot deal with water leaks at the joints of various building members, around sashes, etc.This is also easy by applying an asphalt net to flame treatment. In addition, it is possible to complete a welded joint. Waterproofing will be more complete if a sealing material that can follow some expansion and contraction is applied and filled.

Example 9 (Expansion example of waterproofing of expansion joint) The groove walls on both sides of the water stop plate and the joint are subjected to flame treatment for cleaning and drying, and the asphalt net is subjected to flame treatment at the joint portion to stop the asphalt. Permeate and adhere to the gap between the water plate and concrete. After that, a liquid sealing material is poured. If there is a high level of demand for waterproof performance, the undersides of both sides of the joint should be covered with a flame treatment of asphalt net with a width of about 30 cm, and then the waterproof sheet should be slackened for reinforcement.

[0027]

[Effect of device]

 The effects of the present invention based on the above configuration will be listed below. 1. Simultaneously with the start of flame treatment, the construction surface is cleaned with hot air, dried, and heated, and the construction surface is in an ideal state for adhesion of molten asphalt. In other words, the water content that is the construction standard for asphalt construction is 6% or less for waterproofing foundations of buildings and 2% or less for asphalt roads, but this water content is even for wet construction surfaces after rain. Criteria are easily achieved. As a result, the asphalt penetrates deeply into the minute voids on the construction surface and covers all fine irregularities to leave no gaps, so even a single layer achieves a high level of waterproofing / moisture-proofing performance, and is superior to conventional primers. Are better. Moreover, the work can be performed without being restricted by the water content of the construction surface, and the preparation work can be simplified.

2. Due to the fact that asphalt flows under flame treatment and the temperature of the construction surface rises due to direct heating, even high-viscosity asphalt that could not be used for conventional asphalt construction is given sufficient fluidity for construction. Since it can be penetrated into the surface, it is possible to use high-viscosity asphalt that provides a coating layer with strong caking strength and excellent strength. 3. The above-mentioned features 1 and 2 become more prominent in the case of having a paraffin coating layer on the surface because of the effect of promoting the penetration of paraffin. 4. Assures that the construction surface will be dry, and that even if the asphalt net itself is wet, it will evaporate while it melts and flows, making it possible to ensure “zero” in both single-layer and multi-layer construction. A moisture and zero-foam coating layer is formed, providing excellent waterproof performance and durability.

5. Since the net base material of the asphalt net acts as a reinforcing material for the waterproof layer even after construction, it is possible to obtain a pavement in which cracks and waviness do not easily occur even with uneven loads received from automobiles running on the road surface. 6. In the conventional method, repairing a cracked road etc. is performed after V-cutting along the crack to widen the opening width so that the asphalt can easily flow in, but the asphalt net is placed and flame treated. If the method of the present invention is adopted, asphalt can be introduced into the cracks without V-cutting and repaired like welding. 7. The use of factory-produced asphalt net guarantees the uniformity of the amount of asphalt applied per unit area of the construction surface and the mixing ratio of auxiliary materials such as sand and fibers, so even an unskilled person can easily perform uniform asphalt construction. It can be carried out. 8. With the above 5 and 7, it is possible to perform asphalt construction with the same performance even if it is thinner than before.

9. In conventional asphalt construction, the asphalt is crushed, and a sufficient amount of asphalt that can be used up in a short time is placed in a pan, heated to a predetermined temperature and melted, and the molten asphalt is pumped out and transported to the construction surface and applied. However, the complicated and dangerous manual work and careful quality control were required, but the method using the asphalt net of the present invention requires only the easy-to-handle asphalt net and flame treatment. Further, since the flame treatment is performed while observing a remarkable change in the construction surface and the flow state of asphalt as described above, no skill is required and there is no danger. Therefore, the present invention greatly facilitates the work, facilitates the repair work in a small space, and saves labor cost, improves safety, and shortens the construction period.

10. By eliminating the need for asphalt melting pots and solvent-based primers at construction sites, the possibility of causing environmental problems such as fire and air pollution will be reduced even in the case of construction near residential areas. 11. The asphalt net can be cut with scissors into any size and shape, and the flame can be treated with a small burner for fine work. Since it is possible, it is possible to perform work that was not possible with conventional asphalt work, without being limited by the shape and location. 12. Improves joint waterproofing and fitting of joint parts.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Tape-shaped yarn (warp) 2: Tape-shaped yarn (weft) 3: Asphalt 4: Paraffin

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A method in which asphalt is impregnated and adhered to a yarn portion of a mesh, and paraffin is adhered to a surface of the adhered asphalt, and the amount of the adhered asphalt is a mesh when the adhered asphalt is melted and fluidized. A material for forming a waterproof coating layer for civil engineering and construction for forming an asphalt coating layer without spraying asphalt, characterized in that the material is a sufficient amount to fill the ground. 2. An asphalt material in which reinforcing short fibers are mixed is formed into a mesh shape, and the amount of the asphalt formed into the mesh shape fills the mesh when the attached asphalt is melted and fluidized. A material for forming a waterproof coating layer for civil engineering and construction for forming an asphalt coating layer without spraying asphalt, characterized in that it is a sufficient amount.