JPH0576718A - Adsorptive separator - Google Patents
Adsorptive separatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0576718A JPH0576718A JP3246303A JP24630391A JPH0576718A JP H0576718 A JPH0576718 A JP H0576718A JP 3246303 A JP3246303 A JP 3246303A JP 24630391 A JP24630391 A JP 24630391A JP H0576718 A JPH0576718 A JP H0576718A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- adsorption
- temperature
- adsorbent
- carbon dioxide
- tower
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Landscapes
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、吸着剤に吸着分離さ
れた試料ガス中の有効成分を吸着剤を加熱することによ
り脱離させるタイプの吸着分離装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adsorption separation apparatus of the type in which an active ingredient in a sample gas adsorbed and separated by an adsorbent is desorbed by heating the adsorbent.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、吸着分離装置として、吸着プロセ
ス（吸着工程）では吸着分離塔内の吸着剤による吸着で
燃焼ガス（試料ガス）中の炭酸ガス（有効成分）を分離
し、脱離プロセス（脱離工程）では吸着剤を所定温度に
加熱し吸着された炭酸ガスを効果的に脱離させ、燃焼ガ
ス中に含まれていた炭酸ガスを濃縮した形で取り出せる
という炭酸ガス吸着分離装置がある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an adsorption separation device, in an adsorption process (adsorption step), carbon dioxide gas (effective component) in a combustion gas (sample gas) is separated by adsorption by an adsorbent in an adsorption separation column, and a desorption process is performed. In the (desorption step), the carbon dioxide adsorption / separation device that heats the adsorbent to a predetermined temperature to effectively desorb the adsorbed carbon dioxide and to take out the carbon dioxide contained in the combustion gas in a concentrated form is there.
【０００３】ただ、従来の炭酸ガス吸着分離装置では、
脱離プロセスに要する時間が長いという問題があった。
脱離プロセスに要する時間が長いのは、吸着剤の熱伝導
性が小さく、ヒータ容量に比べて吸着剤および吸着塔の
熱容量が大きく、吸着分離塔を所定温度（脱離温度）に
するのに時間がかかるからである。However, in the conventional carbon dioxide adsorption separation device,
There is a problem that the desorption process takes a long time.
The time required for the desorption process is long because the heat conductivity of the adsorbent is small and the heat capacities of the adsorbent and the adsorption tower are large compared to the heater capacity, so that the adsorption separation tower is brought to a predetermined temperature (desorption temperature). Because it takes time.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この発明は、上記事情
に鑑み、脱離プロセスに要する時間が短縮できる吸着分
離装置を提供することを課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide an adsorption / separation device which can reduce the time required for the desorption process.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記課題を解決するた
め、この発明の吸着分離装置では、吸着剤が収納された
吸着分離塔と前記吸着剤を加熱するための加熱手段を備
え、前記吸着剤で試料ガス中の有効成分を吸着すること
により分離しておいて、前記加熱手段で吸着剤を所定温
度に加熱することにより前記有効成分を脱離させる装置
において、前記加熱手段は、前記吸着分離塔内を、前記
脱離に先立って前記所定温度よりも低い温度で予め保持
しておくようにもなっている構成をとるようにしてい
る。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the adsorption separation apparatus of the present invention comprises an adsorption separation column containing an adsorbent and a heating means for heating the adsorbent. In the device for separating the active ingredient in the sample gas by adsorbing the active ingredient and then desorbing the active ingredient by heating the adsorbent to a predetermined temperature by the heating means, the heating means is configured to perform the adsorption separation. The inside of the tower is configured to be held in advance at a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature before the desorption.
【０００６】この発明の吸着分離装置において、加え
て、加熱手段は、吸着分離塔内を所定温度よりも低い温
度で予め保持するときの保持温度（以下、「予備保持温
度」と言う）を変更ができるようにもなっていると非常
に有用である。予備保持温度を所望の温度にできるから
である。この予備保持温度の変更は、段階的であっても
よいし連続的であってもよい。In the adsorption / separation apparatus of the present invention, in addition, the heating means changes the holding temperature (hereinafter referred to as "preliminary holding temperature") when the inside of the adsorption / separation tower is held at a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature. It is very useful to be able to do so. This is because the preliminary holding temperature can be set to a desired temperature. The change of the preliminary holding temperature may be stepwise or continuous.
【０００７】この発明の吸着分離装置において、加え
て、加熱手段は、予備保持温度に段階的に昇温して到達
するようにもなっていると非常に有用である。つまり、
予備保持温度の前段に、さらに低い一定温度の状態があ
るのである。このさらに低い一定温度の状態を作れば、
その間に、例えば、吸着剤に炭酸ガスと一緒に吸着され
た燃焼ガス中の一酸化炭素や窒素酸化物などの人体等に
有害な成分（有害成分）を脱離・パージして吸着分離塔
から予め除いておくことが出来る。In the adsorptive separation apparatus of the present invention, it is very useful that the heating means is additionally designed to reach the preliminary holding temperature by gradually raising it. That is,
There is a lower constant temperature state before the preliminary holding temperature. If you make this lower constant temperature condition,
In the meantime, for example, desorption / purging of components (hazardous components) harmful to the human body such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in the combustion gas adsorbed together with carbon dioxide in the adsorbent from the adsorption separation tower. It can be removed in advance.
【０００８】なお、予熱保持温度を有効成分が幾分は脱
離する程度の温度に設定する場合、有効成分の一部が予
め脱離するため、この点でも、使用者が脱離ガスを使用
するまでの時間を短くできる。ただ、予備保持温度で保
持する間は吸着分離塔を封じておくので、予備保持温度
は吸着分離塔の圧力上昇が高くなり過ぎないような温度
範囲に留めておくのが好ましい。圧力上昇の程度が余り
大きいと吸着分離塔の耐圧性能を非常に高くしなければ
ならず、大幅なコストアップを招来するからである。[0008] When the preheat holding temperature is set to a temperature at which the active ingredient is desorbed to some extent, a part of the active ingredient is desorbed in advance. You can shorten the time to do. However, since the adsorption / separation column is sealed while it is held at the preliminary holding temperature, it is preferable to keep the preliminary holding temperature in a temperature range in which the pressure rise in the adsorption / separation column does not become too high. This is because if the degree of pressure increase is too large, the pressure resistance of the adsorption separation column must be made extremely high, which leads to a significant increase in cost.
【０００９】通常、吸着分離塔に発熱体を設置するとと
もに分離塔内に温度センサを設置しておいて温度センサ
の測温信号を発熱体の制御部にフィードバックするよう
にして、吸着分離塔内が設定した予備保持温度に正確に
保持されるようにする。この発明の吸着分離装置は、例
えば、燃焼ガス中の炭酸ガスを吸着分離する炭酸ガス吸
着分離装置が挙げられるが、これに限らないことは言う
までもない。Usually, a heating element is installed in the adsorption separation tower and a temperature sensor is installed in the separation tower so that the temperature measurement signal of the temperature sensor is fed back to the control section of the heating element. So that the temperature is accurately maintained at the preset holding temperature. The adsorption / separation device of the present invention includes, for example, a carbon dioxide adsorption / separation device that adsorbs and separates carbon dioxide gas in the combustion gas, but needless to say, the present invention is not limited to this.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】この発明の吸着分離装置では、吸着分離塔内が
有効成分の脱離に先立って予備保持温度にまで高められ
ているため、使用時には、脱離温度（所定温度）までの
温度差が予備保持温度でかさあげされる分だけ従来より
も少なくなっており、脱離温度になるまでの時間が短く
なり、その分、脱離プロセスの時間が短くなる。In the adsorption / separation apparatus of the present invention, since the inside of the adsorption / separation tower is raised to the preliminary holding temperature prior to desorption of the active ingredient, the temperature difference up to the desorption temperature (predetermined temperature) is increased during use. Since the pre-holding temperature is increased, the amount is shorter than in the conventional case, and the time required to reach the desorption temperature is shortened, and the desorption process time is shortened accordingly.
【００１１】吸着剤の種類や吸着されている有効成分の
種類が異なると、最適の予備保持温度が違ってくる。予
備保持温度を所望の温度に変更設定できる場合は、吸着
剤や有効成分の種類に合わせた最適の予備保持温度に正
確に保持することが出来るという利点がある。When the kind of the adsorbent and the kind of the adsorbed active ingredient are different, the optimum pre-holding temperature is different. When the pre-holding temperature can be changed and set to a desired temperature, there is an advantage that the pre-holding temperature can be accurately held at the optimum pre-holding temperature according to the types of the adsorbent and the active ingredient.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下、この発明の実施例を図面を参照しなが
ら詳しく説明する。図１，２は、この発明の一実施例で
ある炭酸ガス吸着分離装置を用いて構成した人工炭酸泉
作成システムをあらわすブロック図である。このシステ
ムでは、図にみるように、炭化水素を含有する都市ガス
を燃料とするボイラ１で生じる燃焼ガス２を、吸着塔５
で炭酸ガスを吸着分離した後、吸着した炭酸ガスを脱離
させて濃縮炭酸ガスを得て、これを浴槽１２の湯水１３
中に送り込むことで炭酸泉を作成している。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are block diagrams showing an artificial carbonated spring producing system configured using a carbon dioxide gas adsorption / separation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this system, as shown in the figure, the combustion gas 2 generated in the boiler 1 using city gas containing hydrocarbons as fuel is transferred to the adsorption tower 5
After the carbon dioxide gas is adsorbed and separated with, the adsorbed carbon dioxide gas is desorbed to obtain concentrated carbon dioxide gas,
A carbonated spring is created by sending it inside.
【００１３】ボイラ１と吸着塔５の間には、ブロア３と
バルブ（開閉弁）４が順に設置されており、それらの間
は、接続管で接続されている。吸着塔５と浴槽１２の間
には、バルブ７とポンプ１１が順に設置されており、そ
れらの間は、接続管で接続されている。吸着塔５とバル
ブ７の間の接続管からは分岐管が出でおり、バルブ６を
介して系外に通じている。A blower 3 and a valve (open / close valve) 4 are sequentially installed between the boiler 1 and the adsorption tower 5, and a connecting pipe is connected between them. A valve 7 and a pump 11 are sequentially installed between the adsorption tower 5 and the bath 12, and a connection pipe is connected between them. A branch pipe extends from the connection pipe between the adsorption tower 5 and the valve 7, and communicates with the outside of the system via the valve 6.
【００１４】吸着塔５には炭酸ガス吸着剤（例えば、ゼ
オライト）が収容されており、加熱用の電気ヒータ（発
熱体）９と吸着塔５内の温度を測定する温度センサ８が
設置されており、温度センサ８の測温信号は、電気ヒー
タ（発熱体）９の制御部１０にフィードバックされてい
て、吸着（分離）塔５内の温度が正確に予備保持温度あ
るいは脱離温度（所定温度）に保持される構成となって
いる。制御部１０に設定温度変更用のツマミ等が設けら
れることもある。炭酸ガスを脱離させる際には電気ヒー
タ９で脱離温度で吸着塔５内を加熱するようにする。A carbon dioxide adsorbent (for example, zeolite) is contained in the adsorption tower 5, and an electric heater (heating element) 9 for heating and a temperature sensor 8 for measuring the temperature in the adsorption tower 5 are installed. The temperature measurement signal from the temperature sensor 8 is fed back to the control unit 10 of the electric heater (heating element) 9 so that the temperature inside the adsorption (separation) tower 5 can be accurately maintained at the preliminary holding temperature or the desorption temperature (predetermined temperature). ) Is held. The control unit 10 may be provided with a knob or the like for changing the set temperature. When desorbing carbon dioxide gas, the electric heater 9 is used to heat the inside of the adsorption tower 5 at the desorption temperature.
【００１５】続いて、このシステムの稼働により炭酸泉
を作成するときの様子を説明する。まず、炭酸ガスの吸
着プロセスを説明する。吸着プロセスでは、バルブ４，
６が開き、バルブ７が閉じている。ボイラ１で発生した
燃焼ガス２をブロア３の稼働でバルブ４から吸着塔５に
導入する。燃焼ガス２中の炭酸ガスは炭酸ガス吸着剤で
吸着分離され、その残りの非吸着ガスは、吸着塔５の出
口からバルブ６を経て系外に排出される。所定の期間、
炭酸ガス吸着プロセスが続く。Next, the manner in which a carbonated spring is created by operating this system will be described. First, the carbon dioxide adsorption process will be described. In the adsorption process, valve 4,
6 is open and valve 7 is closed. Combustion gas 2 generated in the boiler 1 is introduced into the adsorption tower 5 from the valve 4 by the operation of the blower 3. The carbon dioxide gas in the combustion gas 2 is adsorbed and separated by the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent, and the remaining non-adsorbed gas is discharged from the outlet of the adsorption tower 5 through the valve 6 to the outside of the system. For a predetermined period,
The carbon dioxide adsorption process continues.
【００１６】炭酸ガスの吸着プロセスが終了した後、バ
ルブ４，６，７を閉じた状態で、予熱にかかる。予熱の
場合、電気ヒータ９が稼働し、吸着塔５内は設定した予
備保持温度に昇温され保持される。この場合、１５０℃
の予備保持温度とした。なお、吸着塔５内の圧力はゲー
ジ圧で２ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 であり、吸着塔５を格別な耐圧構
造にする必要はない。After the carbon dioxide adsorption process is completed, preheating is performed with the valves 4, 6, 7 closed. In the case of preheating, the electric heater 9 operates, and the inside of the adsorption tower 5 is heated to and held at the set preliminary holding temperature. In this case, 150 ℃
Was set as the preliminary holding temperature. The pressure inside the adsorption tower 5 is 2 kg / cm 2 in gauge pressure, and it is not necessary to provide the adsorption tower 5 with a special pressure resistant structure.
【００１７】炭酸泉の作成時には、炭酸ガスの脱離プロ
セスが始まる。吸着プロセスでは、バルブ４，６は閉じ
たままでバルブ７が開かれる。吸着塔５内は予備保持温
度から脱離温度に昇温される。この場合、普通、２３０
℃であり、使用者の待ち時間は１５分であった。その
分、脱離プロセスは短縮され、炭酸泉製造に要する時間
が短くなる。At the time of making a carbonated spring, the desorption process of carbon dioxide gas begins. In the adsorption process, valves 4 and 6 remain closed and valve 7 is opened. The temperature inside the adsorption tower 5 is raised from the preliminary holding temperature to the desorption temperature. In this case, normally 230
C. and the waiting time for the user was 15 minutes. To that extent, the desorption process is shortened, and the time required for carbonated spring production is shortened.
【００１８】吸着塔５内の温度を上昇させると炭酸ガス
が速やかに脱離し、脱離した炭酸ガスは、ポンプ１１の
稼働により、濃縮された形でバルブ７を通り、浴槽１２
の湯水１３中に適当な流量で送り込まれる。その結果、
浴槽１２には炭酸泉が出現することになる。この発明
は、上記実施例に限らない。実施例では吸着剤の加熱手
段の発熱体が電気ヒータであったが、これに限らない。
また、炭酸ガス吸着分離装置は、人工炭酸泉作成システ
ム以外のものに用いられてもよいことも言うまでもな
い。When the temperature in the adsorption tower 5 is raised, carbon dioxide gas is rapidly desorbed, and the desorbed carbon dioxide gas is concentrated by the operation of the pump 11 through the valve 7 and the bath 12.
It is sent into the hot and cold water 13 at a proper flow rate. as a result,
A carbonated spring will appear in the bathtub 12. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In the embodiment, the heating element of the adsorbent heating means is an electric heater, but it is not limited to this.
It goes without saying that the carbon dioxide adsorption / separation device may be used for other than the artificial carbonated spring preparation system.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】この発明の吸着分離装置では、吸着塔内
が有効成分の脱離に先立って予備保持温度にまで高めら
れていて、脱離させる際の脱離温度（所定温度）との温
度差が従来よりも小さいため、吸着塔の昇温時間が短く
なり、その分、脱離プロセスの所要時間を短縮できる。In the adsorption separation apparatus of the present invention, the inside of the adsorption tower is raised to the preliminary holding temperature prior to desorption of the active ingredient, and the temperature of the desorption temperature (predetermined temperature) at the time of desorption Since the difference is smaller than before, the temperature rising time of the adsorption tower is shortened, and the time required for the desorption process can be shortened accordingly.
【００２０】また、予備保持温度が所望の温度に変更で
きる場合は、吸着剤や有効成分の種類に合わせ最適の予
備保持温度に正確に保持することが出来るという利点も
ある。Further, when the pre-holding temperature can be changed to a desired temperature, there is an advantage that the pre-holding temperature can be accurately held at the optimum pre-holding temperature according to the kinds of the adsorbent and the active ingredient.
【図１】この発明の一実施例を用いた人工炭酸泉作成シ
ステムの炭酸ガス吸着分離装置まわりを中心にあらわす
ブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram mainly showing the periphery of a carbon dioxide adsorption separation device of an artificial carbonated spring preparation system using an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】この発明の一実施例を用いた人工炭酸泉作成シ
ステムの浴槽まわりを中心にあらわすブロック図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a block diagram mainly showing a bathtub periphery of an artificial carbonated spring creating system using an embodiment of the present invention.
２ 燃焼ガス ５ 吸着塔 ８ 温度センサ ９ 電気ヒータ １０ 制御部 １２ 浴槽 2 Combustion gas 5 Adsorption tower 8 Temperature sensor 9 Electric heater 10 Controller 12 Bath
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成３年１２月１７日[Submission date] December 17, 1991
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】０００７[Correction target item name] 0007
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【０００７】この発明の吸着分離装置において、加え
て、加熱手段は、予備保持温度に段階的に昇温して到達
するようにもなっていると非常に有用である。つまり、
予備保持温度の前段に、さらに低い一定温度の状態があ
るのである。このさらに低い一定温度の状態を作れば、
その間に、例えば、吸着剤に炭酸ガスと一緒に吸着され
た燃焼ガス中の一酸化炭素や窒素ガスを脱離・パージし
て吸着分離島から予め除いておくことが出来、より高濃
度の炭酸ガス（目的成分）を得ることができる。In the adsorptive separation apparatus of the present invention, it is very useful that the heating means is additionally designed to reach the preliminary holding temperature by gradually raising it. That is,
There is a lower constant temperature state before the preliminary holding temperature. If you make this lower constant temperature condition,
In the meantime, for example, carbon monoxide and nitrogen gas in the combustion gas adsorbed together with carbon dioxide in the adsorbent can be desorbed / purged and removed in advance from the adsorption separation island.
Carbon dioxide gas (target component) can be obtained .
Claims (2)
着剤を加熱するための加熱手段を備え、前記吸着剤で試
料ガス中の有効成分を吸着することにより分離しておい
て、前記加熱手段で吸着剤を所定温度に加熱することに
より前記有効成分を脱離させる吸着分離装置において、
前記加熱手段は、前記吸着分離塔内を、前記脱離に先立
って前記所定温度よりも低い温度で予め保持しておくよ
うにもなっていることを特徴とする吸着分離装置。1. An adsorption separation tower containing an adsorbent and a heating means for heating the adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent adsorbs an active ingredient in a sample gas to separate the adsorbent, In an adsorption separation device that desorbs the active ingredient by heating the adsorbent to a predetermined temperature by a heating means,
The adsorbing / separating apparatus is characterized in that the heating means holds the inside of the adsorbing / separating tower at a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature in advance, prior to the desorption.
りも低い温度で予め保持するときの保持温度の変更がで
きるようにもなっている請求項１記載の吸着分離装置。2. The adsorption / separation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating means can change the holding temperature when the inside of the adsorption / separation tower is held at a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature in advance.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3246303A JPH0576718A (en) | 1991-09-25 | 1991-09-25 | Adsorptive separator |
| US07/950,151 US5288311A (en) | 1991-09-24 | 1992-09-24 | Device of supplying a concentrated CO2 gas in a carbonate spring bath system |
| DE4232000A DE4232000C2 (en) | 1991-09-24 | 1992-09-24 | Device for supplying a concentrated CO¶2¶ gas to a system for mixing CO¶2¶ in bath water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3246303A JPH0576718A (en) | 1991-09-25 | 1991-09-25 | Adsorptive separator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0576718A true JPH0576718A (en) | 1993-03-30 |
Family
ID=17146557
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3246303A Pending JPH0576718A (en) | 1991-09-24 | 1991-09-25 | Adsorptive separator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0576718A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014088283A1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-12 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Carbon dioxide adsorption and regeneration apparatus |
| WO2017138226A1 (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Circulation piping system and system for supplying water containing carbon dioxide |
-
1991
- 1991-09-25 JP JP3246303A patent/JPH0576718A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014088283A1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-12 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Carbon dioxide adsorption and regeneration apparatus |
| KR101421080B1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-07-18 | 한국철도기술연구원 | absorption and recycling apparatus for carbon dioxide |
| WO2017138226A1 (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Circulation piping system and system for supplying water containing carbon dioxide |
| JP6192881B1 (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-09-06 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Circulation piping system and carbon dioxide-containing water supply system |
| EP3415836A4 (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2019-02-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Circulation piping system and system for supplying water containing carbon dioxide |
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