JPH0576067B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Technical Field The present invention is a Japanese language analysis device, more specifically, a Japanese language analysis device that is applied to processing systems such as translation machines, word processors, office computers, and personal computers, and in which the user intervenes. Regarding.

Prior Art Conventionally, the following three input methods have been used for Japanese language analysis in machine translation, for example. One method is to input the input sentence as it is without making any modifications. This is because a plurality of analysis results are obtained and cannot be determined uniquely, and furthermore, the correct result, that is, the result intended by the operator is not necessarily obtained.

As a second input method, there is a method in which the input sentence is corrected and then input. This method also has the same drawbacks as the first method, but the number of analysis results obtained is smaller than the first method, and the probability of obtaining correct results is high.

Further, as a third method, there is a method in which the input sentence is limited to a specific format. This has the advantage that the analysis result is uniquely determined, but if the operator does not adhere to the restrictions, the correct answer may not be obtained.

In particular, the second and third methods require specialized knowledge to modify the input sentence into a predetermined format, and therefore have difficulties in the operability and usability of the devices.

If an attempt is made to realize a Japanese language analysis device that solves these problems, the Japanese grammar analysis program will become extremely complex and require a great deal of effort to create.

Purpose The present invention solves the drawbacks of the prior art,
An object of the present invention is to provide a Japanese language analysis device that can uniquely determine the grammatical structure of an input sentence intended by a user.

Configuration The configuration of the present invention will be described below based on examples.

Referring to FIG. 1, the embodiment of the Japanese language analysis device according to the present invention includes a printer 10 as a print output device, a display 12 such as a CRT that visually displays characters, and a keyboard 14 that can input Japanese sentences in kana or the like. and these are connected to the control device 20. In addition to the kana keys, the keyboard 14 also includes function keys such as a "next candidate key" and an "OK key." The next candidate key is an instruction key for shifting modifier dependency candidates and word meaning candidates to the next rank as described below. The OK key is an instruction key that is operated to move to the next operation step when the candidates match what was intended.

The control device 20 is implemented as a processing system, and controls various parts of the Japanese language analysis device including display screen control of the display 12. A storage device 22 is provided as a system memory of the control device 20.
This is used to temporarily store the processing results of this Japanese language analysis device and as a storage area for other programs and data.

The morphological analysis device 2 is controlled by the control device 20 and executes the original analysis operation of this Japanese language analysis device.
4. Syntax analysis device 30, dependency candidate output device 2
6 and a meaning candidate output device 28. These devices 24, 30, 26 and 28 are connected to the control device 2
0 processing system, or may be implemented in a separate processing system.

Connected to the morphological analysis device 24 is a file storage device 40 such as a magnetic disk in which connection tables and word dictionaries that define connections between words are stored. The word dictionary includes information on how to write words, how to read them, parts of speech,
The meaning, attributes, etc. are described for each word. The morphological analysis device 24 is a device that indexes a file 40, breaks down a Japanese input sentence input in the form of a kana-kanji mixed sentence into word units, and analyzes the part of speech of each word.

A file storage device 42 is connected to the parsing device 30, in which a grammar dictionary describing parsing grammars is stored. In the stored data format, as shown in FIG. 2, the parts of speech and attributes/meanings of modifiers and modified words are listed in correspondence. An example of the parsed grammar stored in this grammar dictionary is partially shown in FIG. 2A. In FIG. 2A, α indicates that any adjunct may be used. In the following description and illustrations, in order to avoid complicating the description, the attributes of words will be omitted since they are not directly relevant to the understanding of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the syntax analysis device 30 includes a control unit 3
2, and a pair of memory stacks 34A and 34B. The syntactic analysis device 30 analyzes the input Japanese sentence that has been decomposed into parts of speech by the morphological analysis device 24,
This device indexes the grammar dictionary 42 and analyzes the syntactic structure of each word. In this embodiment, the grammatical structure of the analysis result is unique, and ambiguity is output linked to each word. Note that the priority of these words is higher depending on the conditions of each word.

A modification buffer 44 is connected to the modification candidate output device 26, in which all words (modified words) that can be modified by the word of interest, that is, the word being processed, are stored in numbers. . In the stored data format, as shown in FIG. 3, the modified word numbers are listed in order from the highest priority to the lowest in the order of arrow A. The modification candidate output device 26 is a device that selects modification candidates from the modification buffer 46.

A meaning buffer 46 is connected to the meaning candidate output device 28, and the latter stores all meanings of the word of interest. In the stored data format, as shown in FIG. 4, the meanings of each word are listed in the order of arrow B from highest priority to lowest priority, corresponding to the number of the modified word. By accessing this, the meaning candidate output device 28 selects meaning candidates for the modifier.

The data as a result of analysis by these devices is temporarily stored in the storage device 22, and the data format of the syntax analysis results is shown in FIG. 5, and the final result obtained by this device is shown in FIG. Take data format. Note that the memory slot that stores the number of each modifier may contain a plurality of numbers.

The operation of this device will be explained. For example, suppose that the sentence ``tall marble desk'' is input from the keyboard 14. The intended meaning is an expensive desk made of marble, and the marble is not tall.

This input sentence is sent to the storage device 22 by the control device 20.
The data are temporarily stored and visually displayed on the display 12. Along with this, the morphological analysis device 24
Morphologically analyze this input sentence. This may be done using the connection table/word dictionary 40 in a conventional manner. The analysis results are shown in FIG. This is transferred to the parser 30 and the 8th A
They are stored in stacks 34A and 34B, respectively, as shown in Figures 3 and 8B. That is, the word (modifier) of interest is currently in the stack 34A, and the word in the stack 34B is in the stack 34B.
The modified words of the word A are accumulated.

Therefore, the syntax analysis device 30 performs syntax analysis by indexing the grammar in the file 42 shown in FIG. 2A.
First, in this example, items (1) to (8) of the grammar dictionary 42 are checked depending on each state of the stack 34A. In this example, for (1) and (2)
Since there is no candidate that corresponds to "noun + α" and "person", it is rejected. Other (3)~
Regarding (8), since there is a corresponding candidate in stack 34B, the analysis result shown in FIG. 5A is obtained. This is expressed in the data format shown in FIG.

Next, the syntax analysis device 30 stores the word number 2 “marble+no” from the stack 34B in the stack 34A.
is shifted, and word number 3 "desk" remains on stack 34B. A syntax check is similarly performed on this, and a syntax analysis result is obtained.

Similarly, the word number 3 "desk" is transferred from stack 34A to stack 34B, but in this example, since this is the end of the sentence, the analysis ends here. Therefore, the syntax analysis result shown in FIG. 5B is obtained. This is transferred from the control device 20 to the storage device 22 and stored. Note that this syntax analysis result data is written in the format shown in FIG.

Control device 20 extracts word number 1 from storage device 22 in response to the completion of parsing. Therefore, the dependency candidate output device 26 stores the modification candidate in the dependency buffer 44, and the meaning candidate output device 46 stores the meaning candidate in the meaning candidate buffer 46.
Transfer and store the data. The state is shown in FIG. 3A.

The input sentence has been displayed on the display 12 so far, but here, the word of interest, that is, word number 1
"High" is displayed in reverse video in this embodiment. This is shown in FIG. 9A as a display screen 50 of the display 12.
This is indicated by a hatched area 52 in FIG.

Therefore, the control device 20 uses the dependency candidate output device 2.
6, a signal requesting modification candidates is sent.
In response to this, the modification candidate output device 26 indexes the modifications, retrieves the word with the highest priority, that is, the modified word number 2 at the left end in FIG. 3A, and transfers it to the control device 20. The control device 20 blinks the display word "marble" corresponding to word number 2. This is indicated by a rectangular dotted line 54 in FIG. 9B.

The operator then checks whether the word in the link is the intended dependent word or not, and since it is not the intended word in this example, he operates the next candidate key on the keyboard 14. In response to this, the control device 2
0 is the dependency candidate output device 2 in the same manner as described above.
6, request the next highest priority candidate. As a result, the next ranked modified word number 3 is retrieved from the dependency buffer 44 and transferred to the control device 20. Therefore, the control device 20 controls the displayed "marble"
stop blinking and make the "desk" blink.

The operator again checks whether the word in the link is the intended word or not, and since it is the intended dependent word in this example, he operates the OK key on the keyboard 14. In response to this, the control device 20
The display blinking of "desk" is stopped, a signal indicating candidate confirmation is sent to the modification candidate output device 26, and the device 26 deletes the modified word number 2 from the modification buffer 44.

Next, the control device 20 sends a signal to the meaning candidate output device 28 requesting the meaning candidate of the modifier number 1 for the modified word number 3. In response, the meaning candidate output device 28 indexes the meaning buffer 46 and retrieves the candidate with the highest priority for the modified word number 3, that is, the topmost meaning "measurement" in FIG. 3A. This is transferred to the control device 20 and displayed on the display area 56 of the display 12 shown in FIG. 9C.

The operator uses this display 56 to check whether the meaning is what he or she intended, and in this example, since it is not what he intended, he operates the next candidate key on the keyboard 14. In response to this, the control device 2
0 requests the meaning candidate output device 28 for the candidate with the next highest priority in the same manner as described above. As a result, the next ranking meaning "value" is retrieved from the meaning buffer 46 and transferred to the control device 20. The control device 20 is then displayed in the display area 56. This state is shown in FIG. 9D.

The operator checks the display 56 again to see if this meaning is what he or she intended.
Operate the OK key. In response to this, the control device 2
0 stops the inverted display 52 of the attention word "Kai" on the display screen 50 and erases the meaning display 56.
At the same time, a signal indicating confirmation of the candidate is sent to the meaning candidate output device 28, and the device 28 erases meanings other than "value" from the meaning buffer 46. This state is shown in FIG. 3B.

The control device 20 instructs the dependency candidate output device 26 and the meaning candidate output device 28 to read the accumulated contents of the dependency buffer 44 and the meaning buffer 46, respectively. Furthermore, the notation and parts of speech (attributes) are read out from the syntax analysis results stored in the storage device 22, and the data is organized as shown in FIG. 6A.

Similarly, each subsequent word of the input sentence is subjected to such processing and analysis, and when all the words have been processed, the analysis result will be in the state shown in FIG. 6B.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the response speed of the interaction process between the operator and the present device is fast, and there is no need to perform syntax analysis more than once.

Referring to FIG. 10, another embodiment of the invention is shown. In the subsequent figures, the same components as in FIG. 1 are indicated by the same reference numerals to avoid duplication of explanation.

The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that the dependency candidate output device 126 uses grammar to extract dependency candidates from the input sentence. Therefore, the dependency buffer 4 in the embodiment shown in FIG.
4 is not provided in this embodiment, and the dependency candidate output device 126 is connected to the meaning buffer 146.

In the meaning buffer 146, as shown in FIG. 11, meaning candidates are accumulated in the direction of arrow C from higher priority to lower priority. Meaning candidate output device 128
is a device for selecting meaning candidates from the meaning buffer 146.

The syntax analysis device 130 is also connected to the modification candidate output device 126, and indexes the grammar dictionary 42 and performs analysis with priority given to the closest modification. Therefore, the analysis results are characterized in that there is no ambiguity and a single analysis result is output. grammar dictionary 4
2 stores the grammar shown in FIG. 2B.
Note that this is a part of the storage grammar, and / (slash) means "or".

10 with the same input sentence example as the explanation of the example in FIG.
The operation of the device shown in the figure will be explained. Input sentence is stuck 3
The process until the data is accumulated in 4A and 34B is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. In other words, the contents are as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B.

Grammar (1) (2nd B) depends on the state of stack 34A.
) is applied to modified word number 2 of stack 34B. Since this matches the grammar, the parsing for word number 1 is finished and the next word is shifted onto stack 34A. The analysis result is shown in FIG. 6C. If even one grammatical analysis is successful, the analysis of that word ends and the process moves on to the analysis of the next word.

Subsequent words of this input sentence are analyzed in the same manner, and the analysis results shown in FIG. 6D are obtained. This is transferred from the control device 20 to the storage device 22,
Accumulated.

When the syntactic analysis is completed, the control device 20 first reads the word number 1 “high” from the storage device 22, and
The display is inverted 52 on the screen 50 (FIG. 9A).

Next, the control device 20 checks the modified word section of word number 1, takes out the modified word number 2, and causes it to blink 54 on the display screen 50 (FIG. 9B).

Since this is different from the intended modification, the operator operates the next candidate key. Accordingly, the control device 20 activates the dependency candidate output device 126. In response to this, the modification candidate output device 126 uses words other than word number 2 as candidates and performs grammatical analysis of word number 1 by indexing the grammar dictionary 42 . As a result, the analysis results shown in FIG. 6E are obtained. Among these, the meaning is transferred to the meaning buffer 146 and stored therein, and the meaning term is emptied and replaced with the previous syntax analysis result. This result is notified to the operator by displaying the "marble" in a blinking manner.

When the operator presses the OK key, control device 2
0 stops blinking and the meaning candidate output device 128
to request meaning candidates. Meaning candidate output device 128
extracts “weighing” from the top of the meaning buffer 146 and transfers it to the control device 20. This is the 9th C
The state shown in the figure is displayed on the screen 50.

Then, when the operator presses the next candidate key, the control device 10 requests the meaning candidate output device 128 for the next candidate. The next candidate is displayed as shown in Figure 9D.

When the operator presses the OK key, the control device first
Stop highlighting the word "high" and erase the meaning. Next, the analysis result is retrieved from the storage device 22 and the meaning term is set to "value".

FIG. 6B shows the results of similar processing for all words.

In this way, in this embodiment, ambiguity is not handled in syntax analysis, so no unnecessary processing is performed, and the storage capacity of the processing system is smaller than that in the embodiment shown in FIG. There is.

Referring to FIG. 12, yet another embodiment of the invention includes a grammar table 250 and a semantic buffer 24.
6 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. Grammar table 250
The grammar dictionary 42 stores grammars that are simpler or have weaker conditions. The data format is shown in FIG. Also meaning Batsuhua 246
is used to temporarily store meaning candidates, and its data format is the same as that shown in FIG.

The operation of the embodiment shown in FIG.
It is similar to that in the figure. The difference is that the 9th
When parsing the syntax in the state shown in FIG. 10, the example shown in FIG. 10 refers to the grammar dictionary 42, but the example shown in FIG. 12 refers to the grammar table 250 instead. As a result, the analysis results shown in FIG. 6E are obtained. Among these analysis results (FIG. 6E), the meaning is transferred to and stored in the meaning buffer 246, and the meaning term is emptied and replaced with the previous syntax analysis result. From then on, meaning candidates are selected from the meaning buffer 246 and displayed and processed as follows.
This is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.

As described above, the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 not only has the features of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, but also has the feature of faster processing speed than the embodiment shown in FIG.

Effects According to the present invention, when inputting a sentence, there is no need to modify it, simple grammar can be used, and the operator is not required to have specialized knowledge. Furthermore, the meaning and syntactic structure of the sentence intended by the operator can be uniquely obtained, and the analysis speed is fast. In particular, the device uses a restricted grammar,
It is more effective for methods that input sentences with certain restrictions.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the Japanese language analysis device according to the present invention, Fig. 2, Fig. 2A, and Fig. 2B.
Figure, Figure 3, Figure 3A, Figure 3B, Figure 4, Figure 5
5A, 5B, 6, 6A to 6E, 7, 8A, 8B, and 9A to 9D are examples of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10; FIG. is a block diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12. Explanation of symbols of main parts, 12...Display, 14...Keyboard, 20...Control device, 2
2...Storage device, 24...Morphological analysis device, 26
... Dependency candidate output device, 28 ... Meaning candidate output device, 30 ... Syntactic analysis device, 42 ... Grammar dictionary, 44 ... Dependency buffer, 46 ... Meaning buffer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An input device for inputting a Japanese input sentence and an instruction, a morphological analysis device for analyzing morphemes included in the input sentence, and a parsing grammar for analyzing Japanese syntax,
a syntactic analysis means for analyzing, by the grammar, a group of dependent word candidates and a candidate meaning of a word included in the input sentence that has been analyzed into morphemes by the morphological analysis means; and the input sentence that has been analyzed into morphemes. Dependency candidate selection means for selecting a dependency word candidate for a word included in a sentence from a group of dependency word candidates analyzed by the syntactic analysis means; meaning candidate selection means for selecting from a group of meaning candidates analyzed by the analysis means; a morphological analysis result of the input sentence; the selected dependency candidates and meaning candidates; and the analyzed dependency word candidates. a storage means for holding syntactic analysis results consisting of groups and semantic candidates; a display means for displaying Japanese; the input means, a morphological analysis means, a syntactic analysis means, a dependency candidate selection means, a meaning candidate selection means,
a control means for controlling the storage means and the display means, the control means morphologically analyzing the input sentence by the morphological analysis means, and morphologically analyzing the input sentence by the syntactic analysis means and determining the dependency candidate group of words in the input sentence morphologically analyzed by the syntactic analysis means; Obtain a meaning candidate group, select a dependency candidate from the dependency candidate group by the dependency candidate selection means, select a meaning candidate from the meaning candidate group by the meaning candidate selection means, and select a morphological analysis result and a syntactic analysis result. The input sentence and the selected modification candidates and meaning candidates stored in the storage means are sequentially displayed on the display means, and inputted from the input means. 1. A Japanese language analysis device characterized in that the input sentence is analyzed by reselecting dependency candidates and meaning candidates in response to an instruction given.