JPH0560985B2 - - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To classify nonferrous metallic components in particular from a solid mixture in an excellent running form by adjusting the working range of the alternating magnetic field created by a magnet rotor by changing the position of the revolving shaft of a magnet rotor. CONSTITUTION: The nonmagnetized metals, more particularly the nonferrous metals are classified from the solid mixture by a rotary drum 5 equipped with the rotary type magnet rotor 6 having permanent magnets 9. The position of the revolving shaft 14 of the rotor 6 is made adjustable by the rotational transfer in a circumferential direction within a range of a quadrant 18 inclusive of a material release zone 20 and/or the movement in a radial direction in order to adjust the working range of the alternating magnetic field created by the rotor 6. Consequently, the classification of the nonferrous metallic components in particular from the solid mixture in the excellent operating form is thus made possible.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a separation device for separating non-magnetized metals, particularly non-ferrous metals, from a solid mixture using a rotating drum equipped with a rotary magnet rotor equipped with a permanent magnet. Regarding.

[Prior art and problems with the invention]

With a sorting device of this type, so-called eddy current separation can be carried out. The feed material is conveyed in this case via the magnetic poles of the alternating magnetic field generator, for example by means of a belt or by free fall. In this case, eddy currents are induced in the electrically conductive components of the mixture to be separated, and the eddy currents form their own magnetic field, opposite to the generator magnetic field, which causes the electrically conductive components to become electromagnetic. The force causes it to be accelerated relative to the other components in the mixture.
By means of eddy current separation, non-ferromagnetic conductive materials such as aluminum and copper can be separated from non-ferrous solid mixtures and non-ferrous metal/non-metal solid mixtures such as automotive shredded scrap, electronic equipment scrap, etc. If the scrap material contains ferromagnetic components, the eddy current separation can be preceded by magnetic separation in order to remove the ferromagnetic components beforehand. Furthermore, pre-treatment and fractionation of the feed material as extensively as possible in advance has a positive effect on the separation results, so it makes sense to precede the eddy current separation with other sorting/classification steps. It is true.

In the separation device known from DE-OS3416504,
To separate the ferromagnetic components of a solid mixture, first,
It is guided under the magnetic separator by a conveyor belt and then fed from the conveyor belt to a slowly rotating outer drum to separate the non-ferrous metals. A high speed rotating rotor with permanent magnets is concentrically arranged inside the outer drum. The permanent magnets extend along the axis of rotation of the magnetrotor,
In order to ensure that the magnetic field formed between the poles of the permanent magnets affects as wide an area as possible outside the drum, they are arranged at a wide distance from each other. With this known device, the separating force of the alternating magnetic field acts on the solid mixture even at a time when gravity still has no or only a slight effect, which makes it incomparable to other eddy current separation methods. It is intended that the stack thickness of the feed solid mixture be increased to enable the processing of large amounts of material.

In the above, the solid mixture reaches the range of the alternating magnetic field already very early, ie before reaching the upper peak of the outer drum. The non-ferrous metal component is therefore already accelerated very early and essentially additionally in the direction tangential to the conveying direction. Therefore, these components will already exhibit a discharging parabola much earlier than the non-conducting components, ie they will lose contact with the drum already earlier.

However, the acceleration of the non-ferrous metal component is insufficient to deflect the drop parabola starting already at the drum apex so that it extends well beyond the drum radius. Therefore, disturbances by non-conductive components that still rest on the drum surface or just fall under the action of gravity cannot be ruled out. Due to the force of the magnetic field, the non-ferrous metal components already ejected at the top of the drum end up colliding with the non-conducting components carried by the outer drum, resulting in mutual interference. This means that, on the one hand, the conductive component to be deflected is hindered in motion by the non-conductive component, and on the other hand, the non-conductive component suffers an undesirable acceleration due to contact with the conductive non-ferrous metal component. As a result, it is unavoidable that errors occur in the separation of both components, that is, the non-conductive component will also be mixed into the non-ferrous metal component collector, and vice versa.

A device for separating poor conductive substances from good conductive substances by means of a magnetic rotor, which is arranged concentrically in a rotating outer drum and has magnets arranged around the rotating body with alternating north and south poles, is also US-
It belongs to the public domain according to PS3448857. The solid mixture to be separated is transferred to the outer drum of the magnetic rotor by means of a belt conveyor placed above the drum with a small distance therebetween, or by means of a conveyor belt wrapped around the outer drum. Supplied. As soon as the solid mixture comes within the range of action of the alternating magnetic field, the conductive material is accelerated by the magnetic force and brought into a more distant orbit than the poorly conductive material, so that due to the difference in orbit, the said components Separation takes place.

The object of the present invention is to devise an apparatus of the type mentioned at the outset, which makes it possible to separate, in particular, non-ferrous metal components from solid mixtures in an excellent manner of operation.

[Means to solve the problem]

The object of the present invention is to provide a rotatable drum comprising a rotatable drum and a rotatable magnetic rotor disposed in the drum parallel to the drum and having permanent magnets on its outer periphery, and carried on the drum. In a sorting device that separates non-ferrous metals from a solid mixture using gravity and the action of an alternating magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, the rotor shaft of the magnet rotor is aligned between a vertical line passing through the rotational axis of the drum and the rotational axis of the drum. the magnetic rotor is adjustable so as to be movable in at least one of a circumferential direction and a radial direction of the drum within a quadrant formed by a horizontal line passing through the drum and including the material discharge zone; This is achieved by a sorting device characterized by:

[Effect]

In the above configuration, since the rotor shaft of the magnet rotor is located within the quadrant containing the material release zone, the non-ferrous metal component is subjected to the alternating magnetic field in the material release zone beyond the upper apex of the outer drum. The magnetic rotor falls in a parabolic trajectory away from the outer drum without interfering with the non-conducting component, which attempts to fall in a parabolic trajectory without being affected by this alternating magnetic field. Since it can be adjusted to be movable in at least one of the direction and the radial direction, the range of action of the alternating magnetic field can be appropriately set according to the particle size of the material to be separated so that the effect of eddy current separation is maximized.

Based on the preferred configuration, the position of the rotor shaft can be adjusted on a concentric circle of a constant radius centered on the drum rotation axis. By means of stepless or stepwise position adjustment of the rotor shaft or the magnetic rotor axis of rotation, the area of action of the alternating magnetic field on the mixture can be intentionally directed to a certain narrow area on the drum over the entire discharge quadrant. can. Thus, the finding underlying the present invention is that on the one hand the mixture to be separated is already conveyed as far as possible beyond the top of the drum, for example by a conveyor belt, and that on the other hand the mixture is By making the repulsive force act most strongly on the non-ferrous metal at the very limit of the material release zone, it is possible to almost completely eliminate mutual disturbance of the components to be separated from each other in the solid mixture. In this case, the adjustment range of the magnetic rotor, which is positioned on a concentric circle with a constant radius around the drum rotation axis, satisfies all operating requirements.

Material release - The adjustment or transition of the field of action of the alternating magnetic field by adjusting the position of the magnetrotor axis of rotation in the quadrant zone has the advantage that it can also be complemented by adjusting the circumferential drum speed, for example.
By varying the circumferential speed of the drum in the range from 1 m/sec to 3 m/sec, the material discharge zone varies depending on the composition of the solid mixture. This is because it can be transferred to other areas. The higher the circumferential speed, the closer the material release zone will be to the upper drum apex.

It is proposed to adjust the eccentric position of the magnetic rotor in the quadrant drop zone of the drum such that the gap between the magnet rotor and the drum in the material drop zone is minimal. The position of the material release zone in each case depends, given the curvature of the drum, on the circumferential speed of the drum, on the type and particle size composition of the solid mixture, and on the friction between the conveyor belt or drum surface and the mixture to be fractionated. depends on. Since these criteria can be very different in each case, adaptation to the changing conditions is carried out by appropriate positioning of the magnetic rotor; this positioning is preferably done vertically through the drum axis. 75° starting from the center plane
This is done within the angular range of The material release zone is
Depending on the tackiness of the mixture and the drum curvature, a range of about 15° to 50° relative to the normal through the axis of rotation of the drum is reasonable. For example, if the angle between the perpendicular through the drum rotation axis and the connecting line connecting the drum rotation axis and the rotor shaft rotation axis is chosen too small, eddy current forces can already be applied to the non-ferrous metal before the material release zone. It will have a full effect on the Therefore, the non-ferrous metal is already accelerated very early and deflects from the desired drop parabola, which is highly deflected, and thus the drop parabola is It will fall into the collector for the mixture components, which will not be significantly deflected in the transport direction. Due to the repulsion of the non-ferrous metal in the transport direction and thus in the radial direction relative to the curvature of the drum, no restrictions are placed on the transport width of the eddy current sorting device according to the invention.

It has been found that very good results can be obtained with a magnetic rotor having at least two rows of permanent magnets arranged in the direction of the rotor shaft axis. Among the permanent magnets that are carefully attached to a rotating body (e.g. by gluing or screwing) because a considerable centrifugal force is generated, if the magnet rotor is a two-pole magnet rotor with the least number of poles,
Each row of magnets forms a north pole around the magnetic rotor, and the other row of magnets also forms a south pole around the rotor. In the case of a four-pole magnet rotor, alternating north and south poles are likewise arranged around the magnet rotor; the number of poles must always be chosen which allows for an alternating pole arrangement.

In the configuration of the present invention, the magnet rotor is provided with at least two pairs of magnets each formed by two rows of adjacent permanent magnets, and the angular dimension between the two rows of permanent magnets constituting each magnet pair is equal to is proposed to be smaller than the angular dimension between the pair of magnets. By means of this measure, a more or less strong annular magnetic field is created around the magnetrotor with a constant basic field strength that varies depending on the polarization of the permanent magnets, so that from this field there is no magnetic field between the magnetic poles. In this case, the advantage is taken into account that the magnetic field line peaks, which are decisive for fractionation and are to be obtained with the strongest possible magnetic impulses, extend radially outwards.
By arranging pairs of magnets diametrically opposite each other, the magnetic field lines first run between the closely juxtaposed rows of permanent magnets, so that the fundamental magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic field centered on the rotor is The peak value of the magnetic field lines increases. This is achieved by
A large field strength difference between the annular magnetic field around the rotor and the field line peaks becomes more advantageous the further away both magnet pairs are from each other.

The body of the magnetrotor is preferably notched in a concave manner between the pairs of magnets.
Since the basic magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic field around the rotor is further reduced by the notch, the magnetic field lines of the magnetrotor are further confined between the closely spaced permanent magnets of each magnet pair, and the strength is further increased. impulses can be generated.

It is proposed to provide one half of the magnetic rotor with more rows of permanent magnets than the other half.
Each half of a magnetic rotor of this type with a different number of magnets can be used for solid mixtures of different components. This type of magnetic rotor, which has a reduced number of permanent magnets, can be used in cases where its performance cannot be fully utilized in a wide sorting device due to the relatively small amount of material produced with different components. , is advantageous. Furthermore, this type of magnet rotor can be equipped with permanent magnets in each row of the other half, so that the equipment can be changed as necessary. Preferably, the half permanent magnet is inserted in the axial direction from the side surface of the rotor and can reach the center of the magnet rotor.
In an advantageous embodiment, the magnet rotor half with fewer permanent magnets can be provided with at least two pairs of magnets each formed by two adjacent rows of permanent magnets.

According to a further alternative arrangement, a magnetic body is placed in the magnetrotor magnetic field above the material drop zone and at a constant distance from the drum, for attracting and concentrating the magnetic field lines generated by the magnetrotor.
Preferably, the magnetic body is made of a material that has good magnetic conductivity but poor conductivity. As a magnetic body, which may for example be a flat plate or a curved plate, here the magnetic field lines produced by the magnetrotor are aligned towards its surface,
Objects that play a role in attracting lines of magnetic force are understood as such. As a result, the magnetic field lines are concentrated, and the concentrated action of the magnetic field forces on the non-ferrous metal in the material release zone is also reinforced in this way. Deep troughs or deep valleys between the curved lines of magnetic force formed in the annular magnetic field around the rotor, which no longer exert any effective impulse on the non-ferrous metal due to the interaction of the lines of force at the same location, It is broken by the notch, and the force of the magnetic field is strengthened even at the same location. As a result of this measure, even solid mixture fractions of particularly small particle size (15 mm or less) are brought under sufficient magnetic influence so that a good fractionation can be carried out.

It may be advantageous for the magnetic body to be adjustable. If the magnetic material is radially adjustable and rotatable at a fixed radius about the magnetrotor axis of rotation, its spacing relative to the drum or magnetrotor will depend on the fraction contained in the solid mixture. Can be matched. In this case, the interval is 1.5 to 1.5 of the maximum particle diameter of the material to be separated.
Furthermore, the aimer can be rotated to precisely align the material release zone area.

Preferably, the width of the magnetic body corresponds to the width of the magnet rotor. This makes it possible to optimize the effect of the magnetic field over the entire area of the material release zone.

The magnetic body is preferably cooled, and for this purpose it can be provided with cooling fins and/or cooling channels through which oil flows, for example. This makes it possible to avoid excessive heating of the aiming device due to the flow of eddy currents.

Preferably, the drive of the magnetic rotor can be equipped with a rotation control device; for example, the rotational speed of the electric motor driving the magnetic rotor via a belt can be controlled via a frequency transverter. By means of a frequency transverter, the rotational speed can be controlled, for example, in the range from about 1000 to 3000 revolutions per minute, so that the frequency of the alternating magnetic field can be adapted over a wide range to the solid mixture to be separated. In this case, the very different substances in the mixture,
In particular, particulate non-ferrous metal components require high frequencies with suitably high rotational speeds. Advantageously, the drive of the magnetic rotor can be arranged in the drum.

According to a preferred embodiment, the conveyor belt driven around the drum is provided with at least one carrier arranged at right angles to the conveying direction. Due to the high conveying speed of the conveyor belt compared to a feed conveyor, for example a vibrating duct conveyor, the solid mixture stack thickness on the conveyor belt is reduced, and the solid mixture being fed is transported by the conveyor belt from the feed point to the material of the drum. Evenly distributed all the way to the release zone. The conveyor belt is driven via a drum motor located in the material supply section. Said carrier has the purpose explained below. The ratio of the outer diameter of the magnetic rotor to the inner diameter of the drum is chosen to be very large, so that the outer diameter of the magnetic rotor can be considerably smaller than the inner diameter of the drum, so that at the lowest point of the drum the magnetic rotor Since the magnetic component particles are far away from the conveyor belt and are no longer affected by the force of the magnetic field, even if magnetic component particles may adhere to the conveyor belt, they will naturally fall when they reach the lowest point of the drum at the latest. however,
These component particles and adhering dust are also scraped off from the belt below the drum by a scraper.
However, even if an Fe-fractionation step is provided, it is not possible to completely exclude the possibility that iron component particles escape the separation and are supplied. In such a case, fine iron particles will continue to be trapped in the working area of the magnetic rotor, and the conveyor belt will pass these particles without carrying them away. Apart from the continuous friction between these particles and the belt and the accumulation and constant increase of the particles at this location (sill effect), these particles heat up very intensely after a few seconds due to the action of eddy currents. This creates a risk of the conveyor belt catching fire. This danger can be prevented by a carrier extending over the entire width of the conveyor belt at right angles to the direction of conveyance, which carrier picks up the particles as soon as they reach said particle accumulation point. escape and carry it out of the working area of the magnetrotor or out of the heating zone.

Preferably, the shaft end of the conveyor belt drive drum is provided with a clutch plate which is connected to an auxiliary drive independent of the mains power supply when the mains power supply is interrupted.
The problem of damage caused by the heated particles mentioned above also occurs in particular when the device is de-energized or when the device is switched off. In this case, the metal component particles remaining within the action range of the magnetrotor continue to rotate due to their large rotating mass and are intensely heated within a few seconds by the magnetrotor, which induces eddy currents in the metal component. Damage to plastic conveyor belts and drums is generally expected. It takes a lot of time to brake the magnetic rotor to a safe rotational speed because the moment of inertia is large. On the other hand, the conveyor belt can continue to be driven without coming to a standstill by means of a timely sustained auxiliary drive.
That is, the conveyor belt does not need to be accelerated from a standstill. The conveyor belt continues to be driven after a power outage occurs until there is no more material within the field of action of the magnetic rotor. In this case, the auxiliary drive does not have to maintain the full transport speed. As auxiliary drives, due to their robustness and simple construction, mechanical auxiliary motors, for example spring motors which are brought into operation by a pre-wound spring, or weights belonging to clock mechanisms, which are known, are suitable. A drive motor is suitable. Additionally, mechanical auxiliary motors require little maintenance and operate safely and reliably even when exposed to severe winter temperatures. In place of the above, a compressed air drive device storing compressed air,
An emergency power unit with a constantly rotating rotating body for immediate operation or a battery-powered direct current motor can also be used as the auxiliary motor.

In another embodiment, the magnetic rotor can be used as an auxiliary drive during power outage to directly or indirectly drive the conveyor belt drive drum. Preferably, the indirect drive can include a magnetic rotor with a generator driving the drive drum. In this way, the rotational energy of the magnet rotor, which continues to rotate by inertia for a certain period of time when the power supply is cut off, is utilized to drive the drive drum and at the same time to continue operating the conveyor belt.

It is advantageous to provide a shaft-free support of the drum, preferably with a drum insert, so that the rotor shaft is guided through the drum and the drum insert can be inserted into the drum on either side. At this time, the drum fitter, which is screwed into the drum with its outer surface in close contact with the inner surface of the drum, only needs to be slightly fitted into the drum, and as a result, there is a small amount of space inside the drum compared to the depth of the fit. What!? There remains a large free space, which is in any case sufficient to accommodate the eccentrically arranged rotor shaft supporting the magnetic rotor.

Preferably, the journal of the rotor shaft is supported in a support console having an outer flange with a hole circle, in which case an adjustment flange arranged in the support console and rotatably displaceable corresponds to the hole circle of the outer flange. Preferably, each of the hole circles provided with the outer flange is provided with a tapped hole for a screw connecting the outer flange with the adjustment flange. By this measure, the magnet rotor can be moved within a defined range at a step corresponding to the hole pitch, that is, it can be moved on a concentric circle around the drum rotation axis, and in this case,
For example, the range of action of the magnet is about 100 mm along the direction of rotation of the conveyor belt starting from a perpendicular to the drum rotation axis.
Can be adjusted downwards up to 75°. The tapped holes are arranged on the hole circle with a constant pitch, e.g. 6° each, so that the outer flange of the support console can be removed by loosening the screws tightly connecting it to the adjustment flange. Thereafter, the adjustment flange, which is rotatably supported in the support console, can be rotationally displaced by the desired pitch to define the new eccentric position of the rotor.

On the magnetic rotor bearing side opposite to the drive side, the rotor shaft is directly supported on a bearing which is eccentrically mounted on an adjusting flange arranged in the drum. On the other hand, for structural reasons,
Advantageously, the rotor shaft is supported eccentrically on the drive-side bearing side on a bearing support arranged in the drum, which bearing support is connected to the adjusting flange in a rotation-locking manner and serves as a support for the drum insert bearing. Function. By rotationally displacing the adjusting flange with respect to the outer flange, the screw connecting the adjusting flange to the bearing cover on the bearing side opposite to the drive side and the bearing support of the adjusting flange on the bearing side of the driving side Via the screw connected to the rotor shaft bearing, the rotor shaft bearing is jointly adjusted accordingly, and the eccentric position of the magnetic rotor in the drum is thereby changed.

Embodiments of the invention allow a cover with an axial collar and a bearing arranged thereon to be inserted into the drum from either side and rotated relative to the drum. As long as the rotor shaft is preferably supported in the cover (in which case the drive shaft end advantageously extends through the cover), by rotationally displacing the cover, the eccentric position of the magnetic rotor can be adjusted. The range of action of the alternating magnetic field produced by the magnetrotor can be adjusted accordingly. For example, it is possible to arrange the tapping holes with a certain pitch on the hole circle of the cover, and arrange the hole circle with the corresponding tapping holes on the drum retaining ring so that the two correspond to each other. can. After loosening and removing the screws screwed into the screw holes, the cover can be rotated by the desired pitch spacing, with the cover also displacing the magnet rotor.

Preferably, at least one end of a support shaft extending through and fixed to the cover is supportable in a support console, the support console having a fixed outer flange with a hole circle; Associated with the flange is an adjustment flange which is fixedly connected to the support shaft and is provided with a corresponding hole circle with a tapped hole. In this embodiment, the cover is adjusted by rotational displacement of the support shaft. that time,
Advantageously, the end of the shaft opposite the support console is supported by a support base. That is, the opposite shaft end cannot be supported by a support console with an adjustment flange with a hole circle.
However, if the shaft pivot is only inserted into the cover from both sides to provide space in the drum, support consoles are required on both sides; A hole circle-support console could be placed in the hole circle.

Preferably, the rotor shaft of the magnetic rotor is supported in the interior space of the drum by a column fixed to a support shaft at a constant distance from the cover. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to carry out a rotational transfer of the magnet rotor via the support shaft, and on the other hand, to create a certain space inside the drum at least on one side of the magnet rotor, in which space one of the columns can be attached. Advantages are obtained by arranging a hydraulic motor fixed to the flange and driving the rotor shaft. The motor driving the rotor shaft is located directly within the drum, eliminating the need for a power transmission device.

The hydraulic motor is preferably connected via a tube to a supply hole in the support shaft, by means of which it is supplied with hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic unit, not shown.

The present invention will be explained in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

〔Example〕

In a preferred device according to the invention as one of the eddy current sorting devices, a solid mixture containing non-ferrous metals is fed to a vibratory duct conveyor 1 formed as a feed conveyor, as shown in FIG. . While the supplied raw materials are being conveyed in the conveying direction 2, the stacking thickness and distribution width are equalized on the vibrating duct conveyor 1, which has a good effect on the subsequent separation of the mixture components. . A vibrating duct conveyor 1 inclined toward the conveying direction 2 transfers the raw material mixture from a small height to a conveyor belt 3 . In particular, the conveyor belt 3 performs conveyance using a horizontal upper belt (conveying surface), and has a drive drum 4 disposed below the raw material delivery point of the vibrating duct conveyor 1 and a drum disposed at the front end in the conveying direction 2. It is wrapped around 5. Since the speed of the conveyor belt 3 is higher than the conveyance speed of the vibrating duct conveyor 1,
The layer thickness of the mixture is further reduced, resulting in a thin layer upon delivery of the material to the conveyor belt 3. Inside the drum 5 there is eccentrically arranged a magnetic rotor 6 which is connected to an axially extending permanent rotor shaft 7 which is attached to the rotor body 8 as alternating north and south poles. It has a row 9 of magnets. A speed-controlled drive 10 (for which an electric motor is used) drives the magnetic rotor 6 via a belt 11. The belt thus drives, on the drive side of the magnetic rotor 6, a belt pulley 12 (see FIG. 7) which is wedged to the elongated rotor shaft end 13. Together with the rotating shaft 14 of the magnetic rotor 6, the rotor shaft 7 or the magnetic rotor 6 can be adjusted in position on a concentric circle of a constant radius centered on the drum rotating shaft 15. The area of action of the permanent magnets 9 of the magnetrotor 6 is such that the mixture conveyed by the conveyor belt 3 slides down or falls under the action of gravity on the drum 5.
can be adjusted within a drop zone or quadrant 18 defined by a vertical line 16 and a horizontal line 17 passing through the axis of rotation 15 of. The air gap 19 between the magnet rotor 6 and the inner surface of the drum 5 is further defined as a material release zone 20 (this is drawn as the angular range between the reference lines indicated by the dash-dot line and the dash-double line in FIG. 3). ) is the minimum in this range. In the magnetic rotor 306 or 406 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, there are two diametrically opposed rotor bodies 308 or 408.
A pair of magnet arrays 78, 79 are provided. The angular dimension 80 between adjacent permanent magnets 9 forming the magnet pair 78, 79 is significantly smaller than the angular dimension 81 between both magnet pairs 78, 79. On the one hand, the permanent magnets 9 of the magnet pairs 78, 79 are arranged closely together, and on the other hand, the magnet pairs 78, 79 are arranged apart from each other, so that the magnetic rotors 306, 408 The magnetic lines of force created are confined to the region of the mutually close poles of the adjacent permanent magnets 9, and a distinct magnetic impulse is formed. The lines of magnetic force are limited to the range of the mutually close poles of the two rows of permanent magnets constituting the magnet pair 78, 79 by a notch 8 running in the axial direction provided in the rotor body 408 shown in FIG.
It is also encouraged by 2. In a magnetic rotor 506 having another configuration, the rotor half 5
06a has more rows of permanent magnets 9a, 9b than the other half 506b. Only one out of every two permanent magnet rows arranged in an alternating polar configuration around the body 508 has a permanent magnet 9a extending over the entire width of the magnet rotor 506, while the other has a permanent magnet 9a extending from the side in the axial direction. It has a permanent magnet 9b which reaches only as far as the center of the magnet rotor 506, represented by line 83. From FIG. 6a, which shows only the right half 506b with fewer rows of permanent magnets 9a among the halves of the magnet rotor 506 shown in FIG. Two pairs of magnets 78 formed by
a, 79a are arranged and it can be seen that they are diametrically opposed to each other. magnet pair 78
No permanent magnets are provided in the row grooves located between the lines 83a and 79a up to the center of the magnet rotor 506, which is indicated by the line 83a. The magnetic rotor 506 carries a solid mixture of different components.
The halves 506a and 506b on the left and right of line 83 in the figure can be fed separately, thereby allowing a single magnetic rotor 506 to process two different solid mixtures. be.
In order to feed the solid mixture separately, a partition wall (separator plate) extending in the conveying direction in the center of the existing supply conveyor 1 and conveyor belt 3 is installed.
can be made to correspond. Alternatively, 2
It is also possible to provide separate supply devices for the groups.

The mixture, which has been conveyed by the conveyor belt 3 to a point well beyond the top of the drum 5 (see perpendicular line 16), has already reached the point where it describes a release parabola 21, which has its full effect in the material release zone 20. Due to the strong repulsion of non-ferrous metals based on the force of the eddy currents exerted, the curve will be deflected farthest. The non-ferrous metal thus deflected according to the discharge parabola 21 is clearly separated and falls into a collector (not shown) installed apart from the collectors for the other mixture components.
The separation of valuable non-ferrous metal components from other components is further supplemented and ensured by an inverted V-shaped sorting plate 22 which, together with its sorting tip, can be adjusted to move essentially horizontally. Components other than non-ferrous metals basically fall downward without being deflected, as indicated by the arrow 23, and reach the front area of the sorting plate 22 when viewed from the transport direction 2. The carrier 24 of the conveyor belt 3 prevents iron components from accumulating within the action range of the magnet rotor, and the scraper 3 provided below the return side of the conveyor belt 3
7 finally scrapes off iron component fine particles and attached fine dust stubbornly remaining on the conveyor belt 3 based on magnetic force as the case requires.

In FIGS. 1 and 3, the magnet rotor 6 is connected to a perpendicular line 16 passing through the drum rotation shaft 15 and a rotation axis 14 of the drum rotation shaft 15 and the rotor shaft 7.
The connecting line 25' (represented by a dashed line)
It occupies a position where the angle between the two is approximately 45°.
The adjustment angular range of the magnetic field action range of the magnet rotor 6 is as indicated by the angle 26 between the coupling line 25 and the perpendicular 16, represented by solid lines in FIGS. 1 and 3. , starting from the perpendicular 16 and reaching up to 75° in the direction of rotation.

The separation effect, especially when the feed solid mixture contains components of fine particle size, is further enhanced by the magnetic material 84 shown in FIG. It is placed within the magnetic field of the magnet rotor 6 at a constant distance from the drum 5 and extends over the entire width of the magnet rotor 6. The magnetic body 84 functions to stretch the lines of magnetic force of the alternating magnetic field created by the magnet rotor 6 until they reach the magnetic body 84, and to draw the lines of magnetic force together and concentrate them as desired.
This creates elongated lines of magnetic field with deeply incised valleys that are only a short distance from the surface of the drum 5, which produce a defined impulse in the mixture material components. The optimal action of the magnetic field force is achieved by the magnetic body 84 shown in FIG. position, i.e. on the extension of the bond line 25' extending through the material release zone 20 and the drum rotation axis 15.

As shown in FIG. 7, drum holders 27 are fitted into the drum 5 on both sides of the drum in close contact with the inner surface of the drum. The drum 5 is therefore supported without a shaft. The drum fitter 27 is integrally connected to the drum 5 by a screw 28 and a retaining ring 29, and is connected to the drum 5 by a bearing 30.
Of these bearings, the bearing on the drive side 31 rests on a bearing support 32, and the bearing on the opposite side rests on an adjustment flange 33. The bearing support 32 and the adjustment flange 33 accommodate the rotor shaft bearing 34 and the rotor shaft 7
is supported by journals 35 and 36 and rotates.
The bearing support 32 and the opposite adjustment flange 33 eccentrically accommodate a rotor shaft bearing 34. The bearing support 32 of the drive side 31 is connected by screws 39 to the adjusting flange 40 of the drive side 31 .

The adjusting flange 33 and the adjusting flange 40 both have tapped holes 42 on their outer peripheries, which are arranged at a constant pitch 41 (see FIG. 8) in the radial direction. The tapped hole is located on a hole circle 43, which corresponds to the hole 45 in the drive side 31 as well as in the outer flange 47, both of which are welded to the support console 49 on the opposite side. Compatible with Circle 44. The rotor shaft 7 in the drum 5 insofar as screws 48 screwed through corresponding holes 42 and 45 connect the outer flange and the adjustment flange 47 and 33 to 40 to each other.
The eccentric position of is unchanged. The screw 48 is loosened and removed, and then the arcuate handle 38 (transferred position of the handle 38 is represented in phantom in FIG. 8) is inserted to allow a common rotational transfer. Only by shifting the adjusting flanges 33, 40, which are connected to each other, by the desired pitch 41, that is one pitch or several pitches, can the adjusting flange 40 be connected to the bearing support 32 via the screw 39. Since it is also connected to the other adjusting flange 33 via the handle, the position of the rotor shaft bearing 34 can be adjusted.

FIG. 8 shows, in separate detail, the support console 49 of the drive side 31, with an indication of the adjustment flange 40 which is screwed onto the outer flange 47 and is not visible behind it. The support console 49 can be, for example, supported by a support 62 (FIG. 7).
It can be screwed to a support arm 46 which is fixed to the base via. rotor shaft 7
In order to reinforce and improve the support strength of
0, on the other hand a curved rib 51 is provided which is welded and fixed to the support console 49. The screws 48, which must be removed once in order to adjust the position of the rotating shaft 14 of the magnet rotor 6 on a concentric circle centered on the drum rotating shaft 15, are arranged so that they can be accessed freely.

If the conveyor belt 3 does not stop immediately when the power supply stops, at least the mixture on the belt will be transferred to the drum 5.
In order to be able to continue its movement until it has been completely carried away, as shown in FIG. When the circuit power is stopped, it is connected to the auxiliary drive device 61 (see FIG. 2). The illustrated auxiliary drive 61 is designed as a mechanically actuated spring motor, and the clutch plate 5
3, the shaft end 55 has a clutch plate receiver 54 which is disengaged when a circuit voltage is present. The clutch plate receiver 54 engages with a pawl 56 into a spring housing 57 which is also supported on the shaft 55 and accommodates a spring. Spring housing 57 by motor 58
The spring is wound or prestressed by the rotation of the rotation counter 59.
monitored by. The motor 58 has an ammeter 6
0 is connected and the ammeter takes motor current measurements as the spring is wound to monitor for breakage or other damage to the spring. When the circuit voltage disappears, the clutch plate receiver 54 engages with the clutch plate 52, and at this time, the retaining pawl 56 engages the spring housing 5.
7, the energy stored in the spring is released. In this way, the spring housing 57 that rotates together with the shaft 55 is connected to the clutch plate 5.
The rotary motion is transmitted to the drive drum 4 through an electromagnetic clutch consisting of a clutch plate receiver 54 and a clutch plate receiver 54.
This causes the conveyor belt 3 to continue its forward movement as appropriate. Instead of the above, when the power supply is stopped, the inertia energy of the magnetrotor 6 is used to drive the drive drum 4 through the clutch, for example, by the magnetrotor 6 still rotating by inertia for a certain period of time, that is, rotating without current. It can be driven. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the inertial rotational energy of the magnetic rotor 6 is supplied to a generator 85 located on the rotor shaft, which is driven as indicated by the dotted line 86. It is electrically connected to the drum 4 and further connected to a power source 88 via an intermediate switch. When the circuit voltage drops to zero when the power supply is stopped, the relay of the intermediate switch 87 is reset, and the generator 85 supplies power to the drive drum 4. Since the intermediate switch 87 is connected to the power supply 88, the intermediate switch-relay immediately cuts off the generator 85 as soon as the circuit voltage is restored, restoring normal operation.

In the embodiment of the eddy current sorting device according to the invention shown in FIG. 10, a cover 63 with an axial collar 64 and a bearing 65 arranged thereon
are fitted into the drum from both sides. During operation of the device, the drum 105 is supported by bearings 65 and rotates, while the cover 63 is welded and fixed to a support shaft 66 that axially passes through the drum and maintains a fixed position. At the same time, the support shaft 66, which determines the drum rotation axis 115, projects with its shaft ends 67, 68 from the cover 63 and is secured outside the drum 105 by a support console 146 on the one hand and by a support stand 69 on the other hand. Supported. A support console 146 housing the shaft end 67 has a fixed outer flange 1 with a hole circle 144.
47, and a support shaft 6 is attached to the flange.
Opposite is an adjusting flange 133, which is rigidly connected to 6. The adjustment flange also has a tapped hole 1.
A corresponding hole circle 143 with 42 is provided.

The magnetic rotor 106 has its rotating shaft 114
It is eccentrically arranged inside the drum 105. The shaft end of the rotor shaft 107 opposite to the drive side 131 is supported by a bearing 70 , which is supported by a bearing lug 72 provided inside the cover 63 in the same way as the bearing 71 at the drive side shaft end 136 .
is housed in. On the drive side 131, the rotor shaft 107 passes through the cover 63 with its shaft end 136;
A belt pulley 112 is arranged. Magnetic rotor 106 within drum 105
To adjust the position of the support shaft 66, after loosening and removing the screws inserted through the holes of the adjusting flange 133 and the outer flange 147, symbolically indicated by solid lines, The adjusting flange 133 is rotated relative to the fixed outer flange 147 to a new position determined by the hole pitch. Since the cover 63 is welded to the support shaft 66, the rotational displacement movement of the adjusting flange 133 is transmitted to the cover 63 and the rotor shaft 107, which is supported on the cover, and thus also the magnetic rotor 106, are also transmitted to the cover 63. Rotationally transferred.

The embodiment of the eddy current sorting device according to the invention shown in FIG. 11 is similar to the embodiment of FIG. . In this embodiment as well, the support console 246 accommodating the shaft end 67 is constituted by a fixed outer flange 247 with a hole circle 244, to which the adjustment shaft 66 is rigidly connected. A flange 233 corresponds; the adjusting flange also has a tapped hole 242 on a corresponding hole circle 243. On the other hand, the rotor shaft 207 of the magnetic rotor 206
However, at the same time, each support column 73, 74 is welded and fixed to a support shaft 66 that determines the drum rotation axis 215 while maintaining a certain distance from the cover 63 inside the drum.
It differs from the embodiment of FIG. 10 only in that it is supported by . In this case, the pillar 74
is shifted inward and fixed by welding to the support shaft, and the column 7
4, which is designed as a hydraulic motor 75 driving the rotor shaft 207. The hydraulic motor 75 is connected via a pipe 76 to a pressure fluid inlet/outlet supply hole 77 which communicates through a support shaft 66 and its shaft end 68 to a pressure fluid source (not shown). . When the adjusting flange 233 is rotated, the rotor shaft 207, which is supported by the struts 73, 74, is also rotated accordingly, due to the rigid connection of the struts 73, 74 to the support shaft 66. In this embodiment, the cover 63 is attached to the support shaft 66 in order to adjust the position of the magnet rotor 206 within the drum 205.
It is not necessary for the two to be fixedly connected, that is, for the two to jointly rotate and transfer.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an eddy current sorting device equipped with a magnetic rotor which is eccentrically supported in the drop quadrant zone of a drum driven by an upstream feed conveyor and a belt conveyor and which can be adjusted according to the invention. 2 is a plan view of the conveyor belt, drum and magnetic rotor shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the magnetic rotor supported in the drum shown in FIG. figure,
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a magnet rotor equipped with two pairs of magnets arranged diametrically opposite each other;
The figure shows a modified example of Fig. 4, and is a sectional view of a magnet rotor in which a concave notch is provided between the pairs of magnets. Fig. 6a, an overall view of the magnet rotor arranged in each row, shows a modification of Fig. 6, which has two pairs of magnet rows arranged diametrically opposite each other with a small number of permanent magnets arranged. A partial view of the magnetic rotor; FIG. 7 is a detailed longitudinal sectional view of the magnetic rotor shaft eccentrically supported in the drum of FIG. 1; FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a mechanical spring-actuated emergency drive for auxiliary drive of the conveyor belt drive drum of the eddy current sorter shown in FIG. 1 in the event of a power outage; FIG. , 10th
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of an eddy current sorting device according to the present invention, which is equipped with a support shaft passing through a drum side cover and a magnetic rotor supported by a rotor shaft eccentrically arranged with respect to the support shaft. , FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modified embodiment of the eddy current sorting device according to the present invention, in which the rotor drive device is disposed within the drum while maintaining the support shaft system of FIG. 10. 5,105,205...Rotating drum, 6,30
6,406,506...magnetic rotor,
9, 78, 79... Permanent magnet, 13... Rotor shaft, 18... Quadrant, 20... Release zone, 27... Drum fitter, 30, 65... Bearing, 63... Cover.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Consists of a rotatable drum 5 and a rotatable magnetic rotor 6 disposed inside the drum in parallel with the drum and having a permanent magnet 9 on its outer periphery. In a sorting device that separates non-ferrous metals from a conveyed solid mixture by gravity and the action of an alternating magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 9, the rotor shaft 7 of the magnet rotor 6 is connected to a vertical line passing through the rotation axis 15 of the drum. and a horizontal line passing through the axis of rotation 15 of the drum, and is movable in at least one of the circumferential and radial directions of the drum within a quadrant 18 formed by and including the material drop zone 20; A sorting device characterized in that the magnetic rotor 6 is adjustable. 2. The rotor shaft 7 is provided so that the rotating shaft 14 of the magnetic rotor 6 can move on a concentric circle having a constant radius around the rotating shaft 15 of the drum. separation equipment. 3. The magnet rotor 306, 406 includes two pairs of magnets 78, 79, each pair of magnets 78, 79.
Two rows of permanent magnets 9 79 extend parallel to and adjacent to the outer periphery of the main body 308 , 408 of the magnet rotor 306 , 406 in the axial direction, and have opposite polarities.
It is characterized in that the angular dimension 80 between the two rows of permanent magnets 9 of each set and the rotor rotating shaft 14 is smaller than the angular dimension 81 between the two sets of magnet pairs and the rotor rotating shaft 14. The sorting device according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The sorting device according to claim 3, wherein a notch 82 is provided on the outer periphery of the main body 408 of the magnet rotor 406 at a position between the two pairs of magnets 78, 79. 5. The main body of the magnet rotor 506 is divided into two halves 506a and 506b in the axial direction,
2. The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein one half body 506a has more rows of permanent magnets 9a, 9b than the other half body 506b. 6 Permanent magnets 9a in every second row start from one end of the magnet rotor 506 and are oriented axially to the center 8.
3, and the permanent magnets 9b therebetween extend from one end of the magnet rotor 506 in an axial direction and reach only as far as the center 83 of the magnet rotor 506. Device. 7 Fewer permanent magnets 9a among the two halves
Half body 5 of the magnetic rotor 506 where
06b has at least two pairs of magnets 78 and 79 each formed by two rows of adjacent permanent magnets 9a, and the permanent magnets emanate from one end of the magnet rotor 506 and are oriented in the axial direction. A sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that it extends beyond the center 83a. 8. A magnetic body 84 is provided outside the drum 5 in the material release zone 20 and at a constant distance from the drum 5 for attracting and concentrating the magnetic lines of force generated by the magnet rotor 6. 1. The separation device according to 1. 9. The sorting device according to claim 8, wherein the magnetic body 84 is positionally adjustable. 10. The sorting device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the magnetic body 84 is made of a material that has good magnetic conductivity but poor conductivity. 11 The width of the magnetic body 84 is the same as that of the magnet rotor 6.
Claims 8 to 10 characterized in that the width is equal to the width of
The separation device according to any one of the above. 12. The sorting device according to claim 8, further comprising a cooling means for cooling the magnetic material 84. 13 The drive device for the magnet rotor 6 is 10,
The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein 75 is equipped with a rotation speed control device. 14 A conveyor belt 3 is wound between the drum 5 and another drum 4, and the other drum 4 is a driving drum having a drive shaft connected to a drive device, and furthermore, the drive shaft is connected to a drive shaft. 2. A sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that an auxiliary drive (61, 85) is connected to the shaft end (52), which is independent of the drive and includes clutches (53, 54). 15 Magnetic rotor 6 is conveyor belt 3
2. The sorting device according to claim 1, further comprising a drive mechanism for driving the drive drum 4. 16. The sorting device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the magnet rotor 6 has a generator 85. 17. Claims 1 to 16 characterized in that the drum 5, 105, 205 is supported without a shaft by a cover 27, 63 which is fitted onto the drum 5, 105, 205 from both sides and is provided with bearings 30, 65. The separation device according to any one of the above. 18. The magnetic rotor according to claim 17, wherein the bearings 30 each support a bearing support 32 and an adjustment flange 33, and the magnet rotor 6 is eccentrically supported with respect to the drum rotating shaft 15 by the bearing support and adjustment flange. Separation device. 19 Journal of rotor shaft 7 35,3
19. Sorting device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that 6 is supported on a support console 49, 46, 32, 33, which console has an outer flange 47 with a hole circle 44. 20 Rotary displacement adjustment flanges 33, 40 are arranged on the support console 49, which connect the outer flange 47 and the adjustment flanges 33, 40, respectively, on the hole circle 43 corresponding to the hole circle 44 of the outer flange 47; screw 4
20. The sorting device according to claim 19, further comprising a tapping hole 42 for a size of 8. 21. The sorting device according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the rotor shaft 107 is supported by the cover 63 and the drive side shaft end 136 passes through the cover 63. 22. One shaft end 67 of the support shaft 66 passing through the cover 63 and integrally connected to the cover is supported by a support console 146, 246, which console has a fixed outer flange 147 with a hole circle 144, 244. , 247, and an adjustment flange 133, 233 rigidly connected to the support shaft 66 faces the outer flange, and the adjustment flange has a tapped hole 142, 242 on a corresponding hole circle 143, 243. 22. The sorting device according to claim 17, wherein the other shaft end 68 of the support shaft is supported by a support stand 69. 23. A claim characterized in that the rotor shaft 207 of the magnetic rotor 206 is supported by support columns 73 and 74, and the support columns are fixed to the support shaft 66 at a constant distance from the cover 63 within the drum. Any 1 from 1 to 17, 21, or 22
The sorting device described in section. 24. The sorting device according to claim 23, wherein a hydraulic motor 75 for driving the rotor shaft 207 is flange-fixed to one of the columns 74. 25. A sorting device according to claim 24, characterized in that the hydraulic motor 75 is connected to the supply hole 77 of the support shaft 66 via a pipe 76.