JPH02218452A - Device for clarification of demagnetized metal from solid mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To classify nonferrous metallic components in particular from a solid mixture in an excellent running form by adjusting the working range of the alternating magnetic field created by a magnet rotor by changing the position of the revolving shaft of a magnet rotor. CONSTITUTION: The nonmagnetized metals, more particularly the nonferrous metals are classified from the solid mixture by a rotary drum 5 equipped with the rotary type magnet rotor 6 having permanent magnets 9. The position of the revolving shaft 14 of the rotor 6 is made adjustable by the rotational transfer in a circumferential direction within a range of a quadrant 18 inclusive of a material release zone 20 and/or the movement in a radial direction in order to adjust the working range of the alternating magnetic field created by the rotor 6. Consequently, the classification of the nonferrous metallic components in particular from the solid mixture in the excellent operating form is thus made possible.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention provides a separation device for separating non-magnetized metals, particularly non-ferrous metals, from a solid mixture using a rotating drum equipped with a rotary magnetic rotor equipped with a permanent magnet. Regarding.

[Prior art and problems with the invention]

With a sorting device of this type, so-called eddy current separation can be carried out. The feed material is conveyed in this case via the magnetic poles of the alternating magnetic field generator, for example by means of a belt or by free fall. In this case, eddy currents are induced in the electrically conductive components of the mixture to be separated, and the eddy currents form their own magnetic field, opposite to the generator magnetic field, which causes the electrically conductive components to become electromagnetic. The force causes it to be accelerated relative to the other components in the mixture.

By means of eddy current separation, non-ferromagnetic conductive materials such as aluminum and copper can be separated from non-ferrous solid mixtures and non-ferrous metal mixtures/non-metal solid mixtures such as shredded automobile scrap, electronic equipment scrap, etc. If the scrap material contains ferromagnetic components, the eddy current separation can be preceded by magnetic separation in order to remove the ferromagnetic components beforehand. Furthermore, pre-enriching and fractionating the feed as extensively as possible has a positive effect on the fractionation results, so it is recommended that other sorting/classification steps precede the eddy current separation. is reasonable.

In the fractionation device known from DE-OS 3416504, the solid mixture is first guided under a magnetic separator by a conveyor belt in order to separate the ferromagnetic components, and then gently removed from the conveyor belt in order to separate the non-ferrous metals. It is fed to a rapidly rotating outer drum. A high speed rotating rotor with permanent magnets is concentrically arranged inside the outer drum. The permanent magnets extend along the axis of rotation of the magnet rotor and are spaced widely apart from each other in order to ensure that the magnetic field formed between the poles of the permanent magnets extends as far as possible outside the drum. There is.

With this known device, compared to other eddy current separation methods, the separation force of the alternating magnetic field acts on the solid mixture even at a time when gravity still has no or only a slight effect. It is intended that the stack thickness of the feed solid mixture be increased to enable processing of large amounts of material.

In the above, the solid mixture reaches the range of the alternating magnetic field already very early, ie before reaching the upper peak of the outer drum. The non-ferrous metal component is therefore already accelerated very early and essentially additionally in the transport direction. Therefore, these components will already exhibit a discharging parabola much earlier than the non-conducting components, ie they will lose contact with the drum already earlier.

However, the acceleration of the non-ferrous metal component is insufficient to deflect the drop parabola starting already at the drum apex so that it extends well beyond the drum radius. therefore,
It should be noted that interference by non-conductive components that rest on the drum surface or just fall due to the action of gravity cannot be excluded; due to the action of the magnetic field force, the non-ferrous metal components that are already at the top of the drum are instead pushed to the outer drum. will collide with non-conducting components carried by the components, resulting in mutual interference. This means that, on the one hand, the conductive component to be deflected is impeded in motion by the non-conductive component, and on the other hand, the non-conductive component suffers an undesirable acceleration due to contact with the conductive non-ferrous metal component, with the result that both It is possible to avoid mistakes in separating the components, that is, non-conductive components are also mixed into the non-ferrous metal component collector,
Also, the opposite will occur.

A device for separating poor conductive materials from good conductive materials using a magnetic rotor, which is arranged concentrically in a rotating outer drum and has magnets arranged around the rotor with alternating north and south poles, is also US- It belongs to the public domain according to PS3448857. The solid mixture to be separated is fed to the outer drum of the magnetic rotor by means of a belt conveyor placed above the drum at a small distance or by a conveyor belt wrapped around the outer drum. be done.

As soon as the solid mixture comes within the range of action of the alternating magnetic field, the well-conducting material is accelerated by the magnetic force and brought into a more distant orbit than the poorly-conducting material, which allows for the separation of said components on the basis of the difference in their trajectories. It is done.

The object of the present invention is to devise an apparatus of the type mentioned at the outset, which makes it possible to separate, in particular, non-ferrous metal components from solid mixtures in an excellent manner of operation.

[Means to solve the problem]

The object is, according to the invention, to adjust the range of action of the alternating magnetic field produced by the magnet rotor;
This is achieved through the fact that the position of the magnet rotor axis of rotation can be adjusted by circumferential movement and/or radial movement in the material release-quadrant zone.

a fixed arrangement and position of the magnet rotor in the drum and, in combination therewith, a radial and/or circumferential movement of said magnet rotor and thereby an adjustment of the magnet rotor on any curved trajectory; This can be important for materials of a certain grain size - to maximize the effect of eddy current fractionation on the basis of the adjustability of the alternating magnetic field action area, hereinafter referred to as the "material release zone". The force of the magnetic field can be applied entirely to the non-ferrous metal; the material release zone is thus such that the components to be separated are formed directly by the drum or wrapped around the drum. By sliding down or falling due to gravity on the curved part formed by the conveyor belt, the mechanical dropping blade and the repulsive force of the magnetic field acting afterwards on the non-ferrous metal combine to create a dropping parabola. This is achieved by maximum deflection and initial separation from other mixture components.

Based on the preferred configuration, the position of the rotor shaft can be adjusted on concentric circles of a constant radius centered on the drum rotation axis. By stepless or stepwise position adjustment of the rotor shaft or the magnetic rotor axis of rotation, the area of action of the alternating magnetic field on the mixture can be purposefully directed to a certain narrow area on the drum over the entire discharge quadrant. . Thus, the finding underlying the present invention is that on the one hand the mixture to be separated is already conveyed as far as possible beyond the top of the drum, for example by a conveyor belt, and that on the other hand the mixture is By making the repulsive force act most strongly on the non-ferrous metal at the very limit of the material release zone, it is possible to almost completely eliminate mutual disturbance of the components to be separated from each other in the solid mixture. In this case, the adjustment range of the magnetic rotor, which is positioned on a concentric circle with a constant radius around the drum rotation axis, satisfies all operational requirements.

Material release - The adjustment or transition of the field of action of the alternating magnetic field due to the adjustment of the position of the rotation axis of the magnet rotor in the quadrant zone has the advantage that it can also be complemented by adjustment of the circumferential drum speed, for example from is/see to By varying the circumferential drum speed in the range of 3 m/sea, the material release zone, which varies depending on the composition of the solid mixture, is transferred to the area of the drum where the force of the permanent magnet is strongest under the respective given conditions. This is because it can be done. The higher the circumferential speed, the closer the material release zone will be to the upper drum apex.

It is proposed to adjust the eccentric position of the magnet rotor in the quadrant drop zone of the drum such that the gap between the magnet rotor and the drum in the material drop zone is minimal. The position of the material release zone in each case is determined by the circumferential speed of the drum, if the curvature of the drum is given,
It depends on the type and particle size composition of the solid mixture and on the friction between the conveyor belt or drum surface and the mixture to be fractionated. Since these criteria can be very different in each case, adaptation to the changing conditions is carried out by appropriate positioning of the magnetic rotor; this positioning is preferably done from the vertical center plane passing through the drum axis. This is performed within a range of 758 angles starting from the beginning. The material release zone is reasonably in the range of about 15° to 50° with respect to the normal through the drum rotation axis, depending on the adhesion coefficient of the mixture and the drum curvature. For example, between the perpendicular through the drum rotation axis and the drum If the angle between the axis of rotation and the connecting line connecting the axis of rotation of the rotor shaft is chosen too small, the eddy current forces will act entirely on the non-ferrous metal already before the material release zone. , therefore, the non-ferrous metal is already very early accelerated and deflects from the desired discharging parabola which is highly deflected, thus causing the discharging parabola in the collector for the low-value components not to be affected by the alternating magnetic field to be in the conveying direction. It will fall into the collector for the mixture components which will not be significantly deflected.

Due to the repulsion of the non-ferrous metal in the direction of conveyance and thus in the radial direction relative to the curvature of the drum, no restrictions are placed on the conveying width of the eddy current sorting device according to the invention.

It has been found that very good results are obtained with a magnetic rotor having at least two rows of permanent magnets arranged in the axial direction of the rotor shaft. Considerable centrifugal force is generated, so be careful - for example, if the magnet rotor is a two-pole magnet rotor with the minimum number of poles, one row of permanent magnets should be carefully attached to the rotating body, for example by gluing or screwing. The magnets form a north pole around the magnetic rotor, and the other row of magnets also form a south pole around the rotor. In the case of a four-pole magnet rotor, alternating north and south poles are likewise arranged around the magnetic rotor; the number of poles must always be chosen which allows for an alternating pole arrangement.

In the configuration of the present invention, the magnet rotor is provided with at least two pairs of magnets, each formed by two rows of adjacent permanent magnets, and the angular dimension between the two rows of permanent magnets constituting each magnet pair is equal to It is proposed to make it smaller than the angular dimension between the magnet pairs.

By means of this measure, a more or less strong annular magnetic field is created around the magnet rotor, with a constant basic field strength that varies depending on the polarization of the permanent magnets, so that from this field there is no magnetic field between the magnetic poles. , crucial for sensibleness,
Consideration is given to the advantage that the magnetic field line peaks, which are to be obtained as strongly as possible, extend radially outwards. By arranging pairs of magnets diametrically opposite each other, the magnetic field lines first run between the closely juxtaposed rows of permanent magnets, so that the fundamental magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic field centered on the rotor is The peak value of the magnetic field lines increases.

The greater the field strength difference between the annular magnetic field around the rotor and the magnetic field line peaks achieved in this way is the more advantageous the further the two magnet pairs are from each other.

The body of the magnet rotor preferably has a concave cutout between the pairs of magnets.

The notch further reduces the basic magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic field around the rotor, thereby making the magnetic rotor's magnetic field lines more confined between the closely spaced permanent magnets of each magnet pair and producing stronger and more pronounced impulses. can be caused.

It is proposed that one half of the magnetic rotor is provided with more rows of permanent magnets than the other half.

Each half of a magnetic rotor of this kind with a different number of magnets can be used for different solid mixtures. This type of magnetic rotor, with a reduced number of permanent magnets, can be used in cases where its performance is not considered to be fully utilized in a wide sorting device due to the relatively small amount of material produced with different parts. , is advantageous. Furthermore,
This type of magnetic rotor can be changed as needed by equipping the other half with permanent magnets through each row. It is preferable that the permanent magnets of the half bodies are inserted in the axial direction from the side of the rotor and can reach the center of the magnet rotor. Depending on the configuration, at least two pairs of magnets can be provided, each formed by two adjacent rows of permanent magnets.

According to a further embodiment, an aiming device is arranged in the magnetic rotor field above the material discharge zone and at a constant distance from the drum. The aiming device is preferably made of a material with good magnetic conductivity but poor conductivity.The aiming device, which may for example be a flat plate or a curved plate, is here used to direct the magnetic field lines created by the magnet rotor onto its own surface. Objects that play the role of aligning in a direction and attracting lines of magnetic force are understood as such objects. As a result, the magnetic field lines are concentrated, and the concentrated action of the magnetic field forces on the non-ferrous metal in the material release zone is also reinforced in this way. Due to the deep troughs or cuts between the curved magnetic field lines achieved by the above method, the areas formed in the annular magnetic field around the rotor that no longer exert any effective impulses on the non-ferrous metal due to the interaction of the magnetic field lines at the same location. It is broken, and the force of the magnetic field is strengthened even at the same location. As a result of this measure, even solid mixture fractions of particularly small particle size (15 mm or less) are brought under sufficient magnetic influence so that a good fractionation can be carried out.

It would be advantageous for the aiming device to be adjustable. If the aiming device is radially adjustable and rotatable at a fixed radius about the axis of rotation of the magnetic rotor, its spacing relative to the drum or magnetic rotor should be adjusted to the amount contained in the solid mixture. Can be done.

In this case, the spacing should be 1.5 to 3 times the largest particle diameter of the material to be separated; and furthermore, the aiming device should be rotated to precisely align with the range of the material release zone. Can be done.

Preferably, the width of the aiming device corresponds to the width of the magnet rotor, so that the force action of the magnetic field can be optimized over the entire range of the material release zone.

The aiming device is preferably cooled, and for this purpose the aiming device can, for example, be provided with cooling fins and/or cooling tubes through which oil flows. This makes it possible to avoid excessive heating of the aiming device due to the flow of eddy currents.

Preferably, the drive of the magnetic rotor can be equipped with a rotation control device; for example, the rotational speed of the electric motor driving the magnetic rotor via a belt can be controlled via a frequency transverter. For example, the number of rotations can be changed to about 1000 to 30 by a frequency transverter.
00 revolutions per minute, which allows the frequency of the alternating magnetic field to be broadly adapted to the solid mixture to be separated. In this case, the highly different, in particular fine-grained, non-ferrous metal components in the mixture require correspondingly high rotational speeds as well as high frequencies. Advantageously, the drive of the magnetic rotor can be arranged within the drum.

According to a preferred embodiment, the conveyor belt driven around the drum is provided with at least one carrier arranged at right angles to the conveying direction. supply conveyor,
For example, due to the higher transport speed of the conveyor belt compared to a vibrating duct conveyor, the solid mixture stack thickness on the conveyor belt is reduced, and the solid mixture being fed is transported by the conveyor belt from the feeding point to the material dumping zone of the drum. Evenly distributed throughout. The conveyor belt is driven via a drum motor located in the material supply section. The carrier has the purpose explained below. The ratio of the outer diameter of the magnet rotor to the inner diameter of the drum is chosen to be very large, so that the outer diameter of the magnet rotor can be made considerably smaller than the inner diameter of the drum, so that at the lowest point of the drum there is less energy from the magnet rotor. Since the distance is long and the force of the magnetic field no longer applies, even if magnetic component particles may adhere to the conveyor belt, they will naturally fall when they reach the lowest point of the drum at the latest. However, such component particles and attached dust are also scraped off from the belt below the drum by a scraper.

However, even if an Fe-fractionation step is pre-staged, it is not possible to completely exclude the possibility that iron particles escape the separation and are supplied.In such a case, fine iron particles are They remain trapped in the active area and the conveyor belt passes through them without carrying them away. Apart from the continuous friction between these particles and the belt and the accumulation and constant increase of the particles at this location (sill effect), these particles heat up very intensely after a few seconds due to the action of eddy currents. This creates a risk of the conveyor belt catching fire. This danger can be prevented by a carrier extending over the entire width of the conveyor belt at right angles to the direction of conveyance, the carrier carrying away the particles as soon as they reach the said particle dosing point. , carrying it out of the action range of the magnetic rotor or out of the heating zone.

Preferably, the shaft end of the conveyor belt drive drum is provided with a clutch plate which is connected to an auxiliary drive independent of the mains power supply when the mains power supply is interrupted.

The problem of damage caused by the heated particles mentioned above also occurs in particular when the device is de-energized or when the device is switched off. In this case, the metal component particles remaining within the action range of the magnetic rotor continue to rotate due to their large rotating mass and are intensely heated within a few seconds by the magnetic rotor, which induces eddy currents in the metal component. Damage is expected to occur to both the manufactured conveyor belt and the drum. It takes a lot of time to brake the magnetic rotor to a safe rotational speed because the moment of inertia is large. Conveyor belts, on the other hand,
The drive can be continued by means of a timely sustained auxiliary drive without coming to a standstill.

This means that the conveyor belt does not have to be accelerated from a standstill; it continues to be driven after a power outage occurs until there is no longer any material within the field of action of the magnetic rotor.

In this case, the auxiliary drive does not have to maintain the full transport speed; as an auxiliary drive, mechanical auxiliary motors, e.g. A spring motor or a weight-driven motor, which is known from the clock mechanism, is suitable. Additionally, mechanical auxiliary motors require little maintenance and operate safely and reliably even when exposed to severe winter temperatures. Alternatively, a compressed air drive device storing compressed air, an emergency power unit with a constantly rotating rotating body for immediate operation, or a battery-powered direct current motor can also be used as the auxiliary motor.

In another embodiment, the magnetic rotor can be used as an auxiliary drive device when the power supply is stopped, and can directly or indirectly drive the conveyor belt drive drum.Indirect drive, the magnetic rotor is equipped with a generator that drives the drive drum. In this way, the rotational energy of the magnetic rotor, which can preferably be provided and is still free-rotating for a certain period of time when the power supply is cut off, is utilized for driving the drive drum and at the same time for continuing the operation of the conveyor belt.

It is advantageous to provide a shaftless support of the drum, preferably with a drum holder, so that the rotor shaft is guided through the drum and the drum holder can be fitted into the drum on either side. At this time, the drum fitter, which is screwed onto the drum with its outer surface in close contact with the inner surface of the drum, only needs to be slightly fitted into the drum. This leaves much more free space,
This is in any case sufficient to accommodate the eccentrically arranged rotor shaft supporting the magnetic rotor.

Preferably, the journal of the rotor shaft is supported in a support console having an outer flange with a hole circle, wherein the journal is arranged in the support console;
Preferably, the rotationally displaceable adjusting flange is provided with a tapped hole in each hole circle corresponding to the hole circle of the outer flange for a screw connecting the outer flange with the adjusting flange, the magnetic rotor having the following features: Within a predetermined range, it can be moved at a step that corresponds to the hole pitch, that is, it can be moved on a concentric circle centered on the drum rotation axis. The conveyor belt can be adjusted downwardly by about 75° along the direction of rotation of the conveyor belt starting from the normal.

The tapped holes are arranged on the hole circle with a fixed pitch, e.g. 6° each, which allows for loosening and removal of the screws tightly connecting the outer flange of the support console with the adjustment flange. Thereafter, the adjusting flange, which is rotatably supported in the support console, can be rotationally displaced by the desired pitch to define the new eccentric position of the rotor.

On the side of the magnetic rotor bearing opposite to the drive side, the rotor shaft is directly supported on a bearing which is eccentrically mounted on an adjusting flange arranged in the drum. On the other hand, for constructional reasons, it is advantageous for the rotor shaft to be eccentrically supported on the drive bearing side in a bearing support arranged in the drum, which bearing support is connected to the adjusting flange in a rotation-locking manner. , serves as a support for the drum insert bearing. By rotationally displacing the adjusting flange with respect to the outer flange, the screw connecting the adjusting flange to the bearing cover on the bearing side opposite to the drive side and the bearing support of the adjusting flange on the bearing side of the driving side Via the screw connected to the rotor shaft bearing, the rotor shaft bearing is jointly adjusted accordingly, and the eccentric position of the magnetic rotor in the drum is changed with this.

Embodiments of the invention allow a cover with an axial collar and a bearing arranged thereon to be inserted into the drum from either side and rotated relative to the drum. As long as the rotor shaft is preferably supported in said cover (in which case it is advantageous for the drive-side shaft end to pass through the cover), a rotational displacement of the cover will cause the magnetic rotor to become magnetic along with the eccentric position of the magnetic rotor. The range of action of the alternating magnetic field created by the rotor can be adjusted accordingly.
For example, tapping holes may be arranged at a constant pitch on a hole circle of the cover, and a hole circle having corresponding tapping holes may be arranged on, for example, a drum retaining ring, so that the two correspond to each other. Can be done. After tightening and removing the screws screwed into the screw holes, the cover can be rotated by the desired pitch interval, and at that time,
The cover will transfer the magnet rotor together.

Preferably, at least one end of a support shaft extending through and fixed to the cover is supportable in a support console, the support console having a fixed outer flange with a hole circle; The flange corresponds to an adjustment 7 lange that is fixedly connected to the support shaft.
The adjustment flange is provided with a corresponding hole circle with a tapped hole. In this embodiment, the cover is adjusted by rotational displacement of the support shaft. Advantageously, the shaft end facing away from the support console is supported by a support stand. That is, the opposite shaft end cannot be supported by a support console with an adjustment flange with a hole circle.

However, if the shaft pivot is simply inserted into the cover from both sides to create space within the drum,
Support consoles are required on both sides; in this case a hole circle-support console could be arranged for the outer shaft end on each side.

It is desirable to support the rotor shaft of the magnetic rotor by a column fixed to the support shaft at a certain distance from the cover in the internal space of the drum. On the other hand, it is advantageous to create a certain space inside the drum at least on one side of the magnet rotor, and to arrange in this space a hydraulic motor that is flange-fixed to one of the supports and drives the rotor shaft. is obtained. The motor driving the rotor shaft is located directly within the drum, eliminating the need for a power transmission device.

The hydraulic motor is preferably connected via a tube to a supply hole in the support shaft, by means of which it is supplied with hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic unit, not shown.

The present invention will be explained in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

〔Example〕

In a preferred device according to the invention as one of the eddy current sorting devices, a solid mixture containing non-ferrous metals is fed to a vibratory duct conveyor 1 formed as a feed conveyor, as shown in FIG. . While the supplied raw materials are conveyed in the conveying direction 2, the stacking thickness and distribution width are equalized on the vibrating duct conveyor l, which has a good influence on the subsequent separation of the mixture components. . A vibrating duct conveyor 1 inclined towards the conveying direction 2 transfers the raw material mixture from an uneven height to a conveyor belt 3, which conveys it, in particular, with a horizontal upper belt (conveying surface). At the same time, it is wrapped around a driving drum 4 located below the raw material delivery point of the vibrating duct conveyor 1 and a drum 5 located at the front end in the conveying direction 2. Since the speed of the conveyor belt 3 is higher than the transport speed of the vibrating duct conveyor 1, the layer thickness of the mixture is further reduced, resulting in a thin layer when the material is transferred to the conveyor belt 3.

A magnet rotor 6 is eccentrically arranged inside the drum 5, and the magnet rotor alternately has a north pole and a south pole.
A zero-speed controlled drive 10 (for which an electric motor is used) has a row 9 of permanent magnets extending in the axial direction of the rotor shaft 7, which are attached as poles to the rotor body 8. The magnet rotor 6 is driven via the belt 11. For this purpose, on the drive side of the magnet rotor 6, the belt pulley 12 (
(see Figure 7). The position of the rotor shaft 7 or the magnet rotor 6 together with the rotation axis 14 of the magnet rotor 6 can be adjusted on a concentric circle having a constant radius centered on the drum rotation axis 15. The area of action of the permanent magnets 9 of the magnet rotor 6 is a vertical plane 16 passing through the axis of rotation 15 of the drum 5 and a horizontal plane, which form the area in which the mixture conveyed by the conveyor belt 3 slides down or falls under the action of gravity. can be adjusted within a drop zone or quadrant 18 defined by 17 and 17. The air gap 19 between the magnet rotor 6 and the inner surface of the drum 5 is further defined by a material release zone 20 (which is marked in FIG. ) is the minimum in this range.

Magnetic rotor 3 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5
Rotor body 308 or 408 in 06 or 406
is equipped with two pairs of diametrically opposed magnet arrays 78, 79. The angular dimension 80 between adjacent permanent magnets 9 forming magnet pairs 78 and 79 is
, 79 is significantly smaller than the angular dimension 81 between them.

The permanent magnets 9 of the magnet pairs 78 , 79 on the one hand are arranged close to each other, and on the other hand the magnet pairs 78 , 79 are arranged apart from each other, so that the magnetic rotors 308 , 408 The magnetic field lines are confined to the area of the closely spaced poles of the adjacent permanent magnets 9, and a pronounced magnetic impulse is formed. The lines of magnetic force are limited to the range of the mutually close poles of the two rows of permanent magnets constituting the magnet pair 78, 79 by a notch 82 running in the axial direction provided in the rotor body 408 shown in FIG. is also encouraged. In a magnetic rotor 506 having another configuration, the rotor half 506
a has more rows of permanent magnets 9a, 9 than the other half 506b.
Of the arrays of permanent magnets arranged in an alternating polar configuration around the 0 body 508, only one in two has a permanent magnet 9a extending over the entire width of the magnet rotor 506; has a permanent magnet 9b facing axially from the side and speeding only up to the center of the magnet rotor 508, represented by line 83. From FIG. 6a, which shows only the right half 508b with fewer rows of permanent magnets 9a among the halves of the magnet rotor 506 shown in FIG. It can be seen that the two pairs of magnets 78a, 79a formed are arranged and are diametrically opposed to each other. No permanent magnet is provided in the row between the magnet pair 78a and the magnet pair 9a up to the center of the magnet rotor 506, which is represented by the line 83a. In Figure 6, line 83
The left and right halves 508a and 506b can be fed separately, thereby allowing a single magnetic rotor 506 to process two different solid mixtures. In order to feed the solid mixture separately, the existing supply conveyor 1 and conveyor belt 3 can be provided with a partition wall (separation plate) extending in the conveying direction in the center thereof. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide two separate feeding devices.

The mixture which has been conveyed by the conveyor belt 3 to a point well beyond the top of the drum 5 (see perpendicular line 16) has already reached the point where it describes a discharge parabola 21, which has its full effect in the material discharge zone 20. Due to the strong repulsion of non-ferrous metals based on the force of the eddy currents exerted, the curve will be deflected farthest. The non-ferrous metal thus deflected according to the discharge parabola 21 is clearly separated and falls into a collector (not shown) installed apart from the collectors for the other mixture components.

The separation of valuable non-ferrous metal components from other components is further supplemented and ensured by an inverted square-shaped sorting plate 22 which, together with its sorting tip, can be adjusted to move essentially horizontally. Components other than non-ferrous metals basically fall downward without being deflected, as indicated by the arrow 23, and reach the front area of the sorting plate 22 when viewed from the transport direction 2. The carrier 24 of the conveyor belt 3 prevents iron components from accumulating within the action range of the magnet rotor, and the scraper 37 provided below the return side belt of the conveyor belt 3 may prevent the conveyor belt from becoming stubborn based on magnetic force. 3.Finally scrape off the remaining iron component fine particles and fine dust.

In FIGS. 1 and 3, the magnet rotor 6 is connected to a connecting line 25' (
- (represented by a dot-dashed line) forms an angle of approximately 45°. The adjustment angular range of the magnetic field action range of the magnet rotor 6 is determined by the angle 26 between the vertical line 16 and the connecting line 25, which is represented by a solid line in FIGS. 1 and 3. It starts from and reaches up to 75° in the direction of rotation.

The separation effect, especially when the feed solids mixture contains both fractions of fine particle size, is further improved by the aiming device 84 shown in FIG.
0 and is placed within the magnetic field of the magnet rotor 6 at a constant distance from the drum 5, and extends over the entire width of the magnet rotor 6. The sighting device 84 serves to stretch the lines of magnetic force of the alternating magnetic field created by the magnet rotor 6 until they reach the sighting device 84, and to draw the lines of magnetic force together and concentrate them as desired. This results in
Elongated lines of magnetic field with deeply incised valleys are formed which are only a short distance from the surface of the drum 5, which brings about a predetermined impulse in the mixture material components. The optimal action of the magnetic field force is determined by the sighting device 84 shown in FIG. This is achieved when the position is on the extension of the bond line 25' extending through the material release zone 20 and the drum rotation axis 15.

As shown in FIG. 7, on both sides of the drum, the drum inserts 27 are in close contact with the inner surface of the drum.
is embedded in. The drum 5 is therefore supported without a shaft. The drum fitter 27 is integrally connected to the drums by a screw 28 and a retaining ring 29, and rotates around a bearing 30.
The bearing on the drive side 31 rests on a bearing support 32 and the bearing on the opposite side rests on an adjustment flange 33. The bearing support 32 and the adjusting flange 33 accommodate the rotor shaft bearing 34, and the rotor shaft 7 has a journal 35.
, 36 for rotation. The bearing support 32 and the opposite adjustment flange 33 eccentrically accommodate a rotor shaft bearing 34. The bearing support 32 on the drive side 31 is attached to the screw 3
9 is connected to the adjustment flange 40 of the drive fl 131.

Both the adjusting flange 33 and the adjusting flange 40 have tapped holes 42 on their outer peripheries, which are arranged with a constant pitch dimension 41 (see FIG. 8) in the radial direction. The tapped hole is located on a hole circle 43, which corresponds to the hole 45 in the drive side 31 as well as in the outer flange 47, both of which are welded to the support console 49 on the opposite side. Compatible with Circle 44. Screws 48 screwed through corresponding holes 42 and 45 connect the outer flange and the adjustment flange,
As long as 47 and 33 to 40 are connected to each other, the eccentric position of the rotor shaft 7 within the drums remains unchanged.

The screws 48 are loosened and removed, and then they are connected to each other via the arcuate handles 38 (the displaced position of the handles 38 is represented in phantom in FIG. 8) to enable a common rotational transition. Adjust the adjustment flanges 33 and 40 to the desired pitch 4.
1, that is, by one pitch or a plurality of pitches, the adjusting flange 40 is connected to the bearing support 32 via the screw 39 and also to the other adjusting flange 33 via the handle. The position of the rotor shaft bearing 34 is adjusted.

FIG. 8 shows, in separate detail, the support console 49 of the drive side 31, with an indication of the adjustment flange 40 which is screwed onto the outer flange 47 and is not visible behind it. The support console 49 is, for example,
It can be screwed to the support arm 46 which is fixed to the base via the support 62 (FIG. 7). In order to reinforce and improve the support strength of the rotor shaft 7, the support console 49 has a vertical strut 50 and a curved lip 5, which is welded to the strut 50 on the one hand and to the support console 49 on the other hand.
1 is provided. Screw 4 that must be removed once in order to adjust the position of the rotating shaft 14 of the magnet rotor 6 on a concentric circle centered on the drum rotating shaft 15
8 are arranged so that they can be approached freely.

In order to ensure that the conveyor belt 3 does not stop immediately when the power supply is interrupted, but can continue its movement at least until all the mixture on the belt has been carried away beyond the drum 5, as shown in FIG. , a clutch plate 53 is arranged on the shaft end 52 of the drive drum 4, and the clutch plate is connected to an auxiliary drive device 61 (see FIG. 1) when the circuit power is stopped. It is designed as a spring motor and has a clutch plate receiver 54 at the shaft end 55, which corresponds to the clutch plate 53 and is disengaged when a circuit voltage is present.

The clutch plate receiver 54 engages with a stopper pawl 56 into a spring housing 57 which is also supported by the shaft 55 and accommodates a spring.

The rotation of the spring housing 57 by the motor 58 winds or prestresses the spring, the number of turns being monitored by a rotation counter 59 . An ammeter 60 is connected to the motor 58, and the ammeter is
To monitor for breakage or other damage to the spring, take motor-current measurements when winding the spring. When the zero circuit voltage disappears, the clutch plate receiver 54 engages the clutch plate 52, with the pawl 56 By detaching from the spring housing 57, the energy stored in the spring is released. Thus, the spring housing 57 rotating together with the shaft 55 transmits rotational motion to the drive drum 4 via the electromagnetic clutch composed of the clutch plate 53 and the clutch plate receiver 54. This causes the conveyor belt 3 to continue its forward movement as appropriate.

Instead of the above, when the power supply is stopped, the inertia energy of the magnet rotor 6 is used to drive the drive drum 4 via a clutch, for example, by the magnet rotor 6 which is still rotating by inertia for a certain period of time, that is, rotating without current. can be done. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the inertial rotational energy of the magnetic rotor 6 is supplied to a generator 85 disposed on the rotor shaft, which drives the drive drum as indicated by the dotted line 86. 4 and is further coupled to a power source 88 via an intermediate switch. When the circuit voltage drops to zero when the power supply is stopped, the relay of the intermediate switch 87 is reset, and the generator 85 supplies power to the drive drum 4. Since the intermediate switch 87 is connected to the power supply 88, the intermediate switch-relay immediately disconnects the generator 85 as soon as the circuit voltage is restored, restoring normal operation.

In the embodiment of the eddy current sorting device according to the invention shown in FIG. 10, a cover 63 with an axial collar 64 and a bearing 65 arranged thereon is fitted onto the drum from both sides. . During operation of the device, the drum 105 is mounted on the bearing 65.
The cover 63 rotates while being supported by the drum, while the cover 63 is welded and fixed to a support shaft 66 that passes through the drum in the axial direction and maintains a fixed position. A support shaft 66, which at the same time determines the drum rotation axis 115, projects with its shaft ends 67, 88 from the cover 63 and is connected externally to the drum 105 on the one hand by a support console 146 and on the other hand by a support platform 6.
Supported by 9. The support console 146 accommodating the shaft end 67 consists of a fixed outer flange 147 with a hole circle 144 and an adjustment flange 133 rigidly connected to the support shaft 66 .
are relative. The adjustment flange also has a tapped hole 142.
A corresponding hole circle 143 is provided.

The magnet rotor 106 is eccentrically arranged inside the drum 105 with its rotating shaft 114. The shaft end of the rotor shaft 107 opposite to the drive side 131 is supported by a bearing 70, which is connected to the drive side shaft end 136.
It is accommodated in a bearing lug 72 provided inside the cover 63 like the bearing 71 of the above. In the drive illumination 131, the rotor shaft 107 is connected to its shaft end 136.
passes through the cover 63 with the shaft end 136
A belt pulley 112 is arranged. drum 1
To adjust the position of the magnet rotor 106 in the 05, loosen and remove the screws inserted through the holes in the adjustment flange 133 and the outer flange 14, symbolically indicated by solid lines, and then remove the screws from the support shaft. Adjustment flange 133, which is rigidly connected to 66, is rotated relative to fixed outer flange 14 to a new position determined by the hole pitch. Since the cover 63 is welded to the support shaft 66, the rotational movement of the adjustment flange 133 is transmitted to the cover 63, and the rotor shaft 1 supported by the cover is
07, so the magnet rotor 106 is similarly rotated.

The embodiment of the eddy current sorting device according to the invention shown in FIG. 11 is similar to the embodiment of FIG. In this embodiment as well, the support console 246 that accommodates the shaft end 67 is comprised of a fixed outer flange 247 with a hole circle 244;
Associated with the outer flange is an adjustment flange 233 which is rigidly connected to the support shaft 66; this adjustment flange also has a tapped hole 242 on a corresponding hole circle 243. On the other hand, the rotor shaft 20f of the magnet rotor 206 is simultaneously rotated to the drum rotating shaft 215.
Each pillar 73.
It differs from the embodiment of FIG. 10 only in that it is supported by a flap 4. In this case, the strut 74 is shifted inward and welded and fixed to the support shaft to create sufficient space for a drive device that is directly flange-bonded to the strut 74, and the drive device is connected to the rotor shaft 2.
It is formed as a hydraulic motor 75 that drives 07.

The hydraulic motor 75 is connected via a pipe 76 to a pressure fluid inlet/outlet supply hole 77 which leads through the support shaft 66 and its shaft end 68 to a pressure fluid source (not shown). . When rotating the adjustment flange 233, the support 7
3 and 74 are rigidly connected to the support shaft 66, so that the rotor shaft 207 supported by the supports 73 and 74 also rotates accordingly. Magnet rotor 206
In order to be able to adjust the position of the cover 63, there is no need for a fixed connection of the cover 63 with the support shaft 66, that is, for the two to be rotated together.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an eddy current sorting device equipped with an adjustable magnetic rotor according to the invention, eccentrically supported in the drop quadrant zone of a drum driven by an upstream feed conveyor and a belt conveyor; Side view, 2nd
1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the magnetic rotor supported in the drum shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a magnetic rotor equipped with two pairs of magnets arranged diametrically opposite each other. FIG. 5 shows a modification of FIG. A cross-sectional view, Figure 6 is an overall view of a magneto rotor in which permanent magnets that reach only the axial center of the rotor body are arranged in every second row, and Figure 6a is an overall view of the magneto rotor.
This is a partial view of a magnet rotor with a small number of permanent magnet arrays and two pairs of magnet rows arranged diametrically opposite each other. 8 is a front view of the support console with an outer flange screwed to the adjustment flange and welded to the support console; FIG. 9 is a front view of the support console shown in FIG. 1; Schematic diagram of a mechanical spring-actuated emergency drive device for auxiliary driving of the conveyor belt drive drum of the eddy current sorter in the event of a power outage;
Figure 0 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the eddy current sorting device according to the present invention, which is equipped with a support shaft passing through a drum side cover and a magnetic rotor supported by a rotor shaft eccentrically arranged with respect to the support shaft. , FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modified embodiment of the eddy current sorting device according to the present invention, in which the rotor drive device is disposed within the drum while maintaining the support shaft system of FIG. 10. 5, 105, 205...rotating drum, 6, 30
6, 406, 506... magnet rotor 9,
F8, 79... Permanent magnet, 13... Rotor shaft, 18... Quadrant, 20... Release zone, 2
7...Drum fitting,

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotating drum equipped with a rotating magnetic rotor equipped with a permanent magnet produces a non-magnetized metal from a solid mixture.
In particular, in a sorting device for separating non-ferrous metals, in order to adjust the range of action of the alternating magnetic field created by the magnet rotor (6), the position of the rotating shaft (14) of the magnet rotor (6) is adjusted to the material release zone (20). ) A sorting device, characterized in that it can be adjusted by a circumferential rotational displacement and/or a radial displacement within a quadrant (18) comprising a quadrant (18). 2. Adjust the position of the rotor shaft (13) to the drum rotation axis (
15) The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the separation device can be adjusted on concentric circles having a constant radius centered at 15). 3. Each magnet rotor (306 to 406) is provided with at least two pairs of magnets (78, 79) each formed by two rows of adjacent permanent magnets (9), and each pair of magnets (78, 79) is configured. According to claim 1 or 2, the angular dimension (80) between the two rows of permanent magnets (9) is smaller than the angular dimension (81) between both pairs of magnets (78, 79). The separation device described. 4. The sorting device according to claim 3, wherein the main body (408) of the magnet rotor (406) has a notch (82) in the middle part of the magnet pair (78, 79). 5. The sorting device according to claim 4, wherein the cutout is a concave cutout (82). 6. One half (50) of the magnetic rotor (506)
6. Sorting device according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that 6a) has more rows of permanent magnets (9a, 9b) than the other half (506b). 7. The permanent magnets (96) in every second row are connected to the magnetic rotor (
7. The sorting device according to claim 6, wherein the separation device starts from the side of the magnet rotor (506) and reaches only the center line (83) of the magnet rotor (506) in the axial direction. 8. Each half (506b) of the magnet rotor (506) in which a small number of permanent magnets (9a) are arranged has at least two pairs of magnets (78a, 79a) each formed by two rows of adjacent permanent magnets (9a). ), and the permanent magnet starts from the side of the magnet rotor (506) and extends toward the center line (83a) of the magnet rotor (506) in the axial direction.
The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the separation device reaches up to 100%. 9. Above the material release zone (20), the drum (5
9. The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the aiming device (84) is arranged within the magnetic field of the magnet rotor (6) at a constant distance from the magnetic rotor (6). 10. The sorting device according to claim 9, characterized in that the aiming device (84) is adjustable in position. 11. The sorting device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the aiming device (84) is made of a material that has good magnetic conductivity but poor conductivity. 12. The width of the aiming device (84) is the magnetic rotor (6)
12. The sorting device according to claim 9, wherein the width is equal to the width of the separating device. 13. The sorting device according to claim 9, wherein the aiming device (84) is a rotor that rotates at the same speed as the conveyor belt (3). 14. The sorting device according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the aiming device (84) is cooled. 15, Magnet rotor (6) drive device (10; 7
15. The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein 5) comprises a rotation speed control device. 16. A driving conveyor belt (3) is wound around the drum (5), and a clutch plate (53) is provided at the shaft end (52) of the driving drum (4) of the conveyor belt (3), and the clutch plate is connected to the circuit. 16. Sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it is connected to an auxiliary drive (61, 85) which is independent of the circuit power supply during power outage. 17. The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the magnetic rotor (6) drives the drive drum (4) of the conveyor belt (3) when power supply is stopped. 18. Sorting device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the magnetic rotor (6) comprises a generator (85) driving the drive drum (4). 19. The drum (5, 105, 205) is fitted into the drum (5, 105, 205) from both sides by a cover (drum fitter 27, cover 63) equipped with a bearing (30, 65).
, 205) is supported without a shaft. 20, the bearings (30) respectively support a bearing support (32) and an adjustment flange (33), and the magnetic rotor (6) is rotated by the drum rotation shaft (1) by the bearing support and adjustment flange.
20. The sorting device according to claim 19, wherein the sorting device is eccentrically supported with respect to 5). 21. Journal (35, 3) of rotor shaft (7)
6) are supported by support consoles (49, 46, 32, 33), which consoles each have a hole circle (44).
21. Sorting device according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that it has an outer flange (47) with an outer flange (47). 22. Adjustment flanges (33, 40) of rotational displacement type are arranged on the support console (49), the adjustment flanges being respectively arranged on the outer side on hole circles (43) corresponding to the hole circles (44) of the outer flange (47). Flange (4
22. A sorting device according to claim 21, characterized in that it comprises a tapped hole (42) for a screw (48) connecting the adjusting flange (33 to 40) with the adjusting flange (33 to 40). 23. Claim 1, wherein the rotor shaft (107) is supported by a cover (63), and the drive side shaft end (136) passes through the cover (63).
23. The separation device according to any one of 9 to 22. 24, one shaft end (67) of a support shaft (66) that passes through the cover (63) and is integrally connected to the cover is supported by a support console (146, 246), and the console is connected to the hole circle (144). , 244), with an adjusting flange (133, 233) rigidly connected to the support shaft (66) facing the outer flange; is provided with a tapping hole (142, 242) on the corresponding hole circle (143, 243), and on the other hand, the other shaft end (68) of the support shaft is supported by the support base (69). The sorting device according to any one of claims 19 to 23. 25. The rotor shaft (207) of the magnet rotor (206) is supported by pillars (73, 74), and the pillars are fixed to the support shaft (66) at a constant distance from the cover (63) within the drum. The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, 23, and 24, characterized in that: 26. The sorting device according to claim 25, characterized in that the hydraulic motor (75) driving the rotor shaft (207) is flange-fixed to one of the columns (74). 27. Sorting device according to claim 26, characterized in that the hydraulic motor (75) is connected to the supply hole (77) of the support shaft (66) via a tube (76).